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Introduction to economics: perfect competition
... 20 0 5 21 Figure 4: Short-Run Supply Under Perfect Competition (a) (b) Price per Dollars ATC MC Bushel d1=MR1 $3. 50 2. 50 2 .00 AVC d2=MR2 d3=MR3 2. 50 2 .00 1 .00 0. 50 d4=MR4 d5=MR5 1 .00 0. 50 $3. 50 ... 1 .00 0. 50 $3. 50 Bushels 1 ,00 0 4 ,00 0 7 ,00 0 per Year 2 ,00 0 5 ,00 0 Lieberman & Hall; Introduction to Economics, 20 0 5 Firm's Supply Curve 2 ,00 04 ,00 0 5 ,00 0 Bushels 7 ,00 0 per Year 22 The Shutdown Price ... Dollars Firm S MC ATC $3. 50 2 .00 D1 d1 $3. 50 Loss per Bushel at p = $2 2 .00 d2 Profit per Bushel at p = $3. 50 D2 Bushels 400 ,00 0 700 ,00 0 per Year If the demand curve shifts to D2 and the market equilibrium...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Increasing N and P resorption efficiency and proficiency in northern deciduous hardwoods with decreasing foliar N and P concentrations" doc
... regression Model Parameters Prob R2 Intercept1 Prob Linear < 0. 0 01 0. 84 –4.9 0. 01 Exponential < 0. 0 01 0. 86 3. 2 N.A Linear < 0. 0 01 0. 83 0. 86 0. 0 02 Exponential < 0. 0 01 0. 90 0. 09 N.A Nitrogen Phosphorus ... (figure 1) ; sugar 27 8 B Côté et al 12 11 LA BH YB R = 0. 86 10 litter N (mg g -1) 55% 0. 034 * X Y = 1. 45 * 10 WA BE LA BE RM SM 70% RM RO 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 leaf N (mg g -1) 1. 6 Y = 0. 045 ... Latitude 45o 59’ N 45o 25 ’ N Longitude 74o 01 ’ W 73o 57’ W Altitude (m) 3 80 15 Overstory age (yr) 90 50 1 50 Origin fire cut 29 .1 ± 1. 6 20 40 20 25 25 35 Basal area (m ha 1) Canopy height (m) Mean...
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Flavor enhancement as a tool for increasing pleasantness and intakeof a snack product among the elderly
... High cholesterol ðnÞ Diabetes ðnÞ No diseases ðnÞ 58 50 3/ 55 12 /38 18 34 63 –85 23 . 1 73. 7 20 13 56 20 90 S Koskinen et al / Appetite 41 ( 20 0 3) 87–96 presented a list of four possible odors and ... willingness to eat the product again (F 1; 10 6 Þ ¼ 6 :34 ; p ¼ 0: 0 13 ) , to buy it (F 1; 10 6 Þ ¼ 8 : 12 ; p ¼ 0: 005 ), and to recommend it to a friend (F 1; 10 5 Þ ¼ 6:89; p ¼ 0: 0 10 ) The heightened aroma concentration ... sample (F 1; 93 ¼ 13 :04 ; p # 0: 0 01 ) The intake of neither age group changed during the period of home-use health group (n ¼ 31 ; 23 females, males, mean age 74 .2 years) was 15 .1 (0. 31 , 10 16 ) and...
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Accounting Information, Disclosure, and the Cost of Capital doc
... (−A 01 (Q) E ∗ − A 00 (Q)) (1 − A1 (Q)) C ∗ − ( [1 − A1 (Q)] E ∗ − A0 (Q)) (−A 01 (Q) C ∗ ) = ∂Q ( [1 − A1 (Q)] C ∗ )2 −A 00 (Q) (1 − A1 (Q)) C ∗ − A0 (Q) A 01 (Q) C ∗ = ( [1 − A1 (Q)] C ∗ )2 −A 00 (Q) ... their cost of capital (e.g., Botosan, 19 97; Botosan and Plumlee, 20 0 2; Francis et al., 20 0 4; Ashbaugh-Skaife et al., 20 0 5; Berger et al., 20 0 5; and Core et al., 20 0 5) In addition, our study provides ... +Cc2 c2 ef −V Uc2 −C f − ef −c2 c ef −c2 − V Uef −V U c2 −C ef +Cc2 c2 V eU +V ef −V V U ef −V U c2 −C ef +C c2 c ef −c2 e − ef −c2 f − ef −c2 c ef −c2 f ef −c2 c − ef −c2 c ef −c2 e − ef −c2 c...
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The Seed and Agricultural Biotechnology Industries in India
... capacity Table A .3 Import details of rice transgenic materials in India, 19 97– 20 0 8 Year 19 97 19 98 19 99 19 99 20 0 0 20 0 1 20 0 1 20 0 2 20 0 2 20 0 3 20 0 3 20 0 5 20 0 6 20 0 7 20 0 7 20 0 8 20 0 8 20 0 8 20 0 8 Trait High ... ( 00 0 metric tons) Public Private Hybrid seed market value a (US$ millions) Public Private - - 4 .00 2 .00 - 17 . 01 8 .15 29 20 1 .00 0. 40 0 . 02 23 .00 2 .00 2 .00 0. 02 1. 83 1. 16 0. 09 98.59 6 .06 7.66 0. 09 ... million 19 95 19 96 19 97 19 98 19 99 20 0 0 20 0 1 20 0 2 20 0 3 20 0 4 20 0 5 20 0 6 20 0 7 20 0 8 Area (million ha) % of area Source: Authors’ calculations based on Baig ( 20 0 9) and Francis Kanoi ( 20 0 9) Forty-two...
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The 2000-2005 World Outlook for Program Administration and Net Cost of Private Health Insurance pdf
... 19 99 20 0 0 20 0 1 20 0 2 20 0 3 20 0 4 20 0 5 33 32 31 32 33 35 36 37 39 40 41 0. 00% 0. 05% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 01% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% ... 19 98 19 99 20 0 0 20 0 1 20 0 2 20 0 3 20 0 4 20 0 5 18 18 17 18 19 20 21 21 22 22 23 0. 29 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 30 % 0. 29 % 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% ... 19 98 19 99 20 0 0 20 0 1 20 0 2 20 0 3 20 0 4 20 0 5 1 30 12 6 12 2 12 4 13 1 13 7 14 2 14 6 15 1 15 6 16 1 2. 13 % 2 . 12 % 2. 10 % 2 .09 % 2 .07 % 2 .06 % 2 .07 % 2 .09 % 2. 10 % 2 .11 % 2. 13 % 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 04% 0. 04%...
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For Medicare Advantage Plans, Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plans, Prescription Drug Plans, and 1876 Cost Plans ppt
... Effective/Implementation: 07 - 01 - 12 ) 30 . 1 - Limitations on Distribution of Marketing Materials (Rev 10 6 , Issued: 06 -22 - 12 , Effective/Implementation: 07 - 01 - 12 ) 42 CFR 422 .22 62( a), 4 23 . 22 62( a), 422 .22 60, 4 23 . 22 60 A plan ... 60. 3 – Reserved (Rev 10 6 , Issued: 06 -22 - 12 , Effective/Implementation: 07 - 01 - 12 ) 60. 4 – Directories (Rev 10 6 , Issued: 06 -22 - 12 , Effective/Implementation: 07 - 01 - 12 ) 42 CFR 422 .11 1(b) (3) (i), 422 .11 1(e), ... December 31 , 2 01 1) 60. 7 - Annual Notice of Change (ANOC) and Evidence of Coverage (EOC) (Rev 10 6 , Issued: 06 -22 - 12 , Effective/Implementation: 07 - 01 - 12 ) 42 CFR 422 .11 1(a) (3) , 422 .11 1(d) (2) , 4 23 . 12 8...
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ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS FOR THE RETAIL AND CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRIES doc
... allowances 26 19 Integrated value partners agreement 27 20 Co-advertising services 28 21 Retail markdown compensation 29 22 Scan deals 30 23 Provision for returns from resellers/ wholesalers 31 24 Slotting ... redeemed ( 50% ), so its fair value is CU (CU x 50% ) When the revenue is deferred using the fair value of the coupon, the cash received of CU 20 , 000 (CU 20 x 1 ,00 0) is allocated to revenue (CU 19 ,00 0) ... 10 Brands and CGUs 11 Sales to a franchisee 12 Tax implications of brands with indefinite lives 13 Up-front fees 14 Useful life of brands 15 10 Franchise arrangements 16 Page 27 Shrinkage 36 28 ...
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Industry Consolidation and Price-Cost Margins --Evidence from the Pulp and Paper Industry ppt
... 29 .4 26 .3 15 .4 9.6 5 .1 2. 6 1. 4 7.5 21 . 8 22 .0 13 . 2 0. 0 39 .9 30 . 9 17 .9 27 .0 Paperboard Mills 31 31 .7 31 28 .2 29 1. 1 31 7.6 5.7 6.4 1. 2 7 .1 23 . 3 22 .2 0. 0 0. 0 42 .3 46 .1 3. 6 35 .0 All-Sector Variables ... FPL-CR4 0. 52 (4 .16 ) 0. 73 (3. 74) IV Random Effects V 2SLS VI 2SLS 0. 61 (3. 52) 0. 52 (3. 61) 0. 51 (3. 56) -0. 21 ( -1. 69) -0. 21 ( -2. 58) -0. 21 ( -2. 53) 0. 74 (3. 43) 0. 76 (3. 44) 0. 76 (3. 44) 5. 82 (1 . 32 ) FPL-CR4 ... 10 . 16 (2 .16 ) 13 . 13 (3. 61) 13 . 31 (3. 66) 84 9 . 03 0. 28 84 84 9 .38 84 9 .25 0. 79 (4 .09 ) Import Intensity Lagged -0. 14 ( -1. 99) 0. 14 (0. 56) Environmental Expenditures 0. 79 (4 .11 ) 0. 65 (3 .00 ) 0. 74 (3. 62) ...
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Steam System Opportunity Assessment for the Pulp and Paper, Chemical Manufacturing, and Petroleum Refining Industries pptx
... 2, 400 5, 500 18 , 400 38 , 500 Mechanical 8 ,00 0 25 ,00 0 6, 500 17 , 20 0 14 , 500 42 ,00 0 Sulfite Semichemical 17 ,00 0 35 ,00 0 4, 10 0 6, 800 21 ,00 0 41, 800 Chemi-Thermomechanical 9 ,00 0 25 ,00 0 7, 500 16 , 400 16 , 500 ... Total 26 527 ,857 8 40, 094 14 ,1 53 1 ,38 2 , 1 03 Pulp Mills 2 611 23 , 617 11 2, 8 91 13 6 , 509 Paper Mills 26 21 27 8,9 92 37 1 ,38 2 10 , 400 6 60, 774 Paperboard Mills 2 6 31 17 7, 30 8 32 8 ,1 43 4 ,07 0 509 ,5 20 47, 939 27 ,678 ... Other Pulp and Paper Segments Chemicals 59 11 70 2 72 23 8 27 26 8 0 26 8 29 23 8 1 , 03 6 38 1 , 31 2 23 19 42 1 ,35 4 2 911 2 31 1 , 02 8 38 1, 29 6 23 19 41 1, 33 8 16 0 16 Other Chemical Segments Petroleum Petroleum...
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the effect of accounting regulation on second-tier audit firms and their clients audit pricing and quality, cost of capital, and backdating of stock options
... ……………………………………………………………… 13 15 20 25 28 31 CHAPTER HYPOTHESES AND METHODOLOGY 3. 1 3. 2 3. 2 .1 3. 2. 2 3. 2 .3 3 .2. 4 Hypotheses ……………………………………………………………… 33 Methodology …………………………………………………………… 39 Audit Fees of ... the post- 20 0 2 period when compared to the pre- 20 0 2 period My first hypothesis (in alternative form) is: H1: Audit fees paid by clients of Second-Tier audit firms are higher in the post 20 0 2 period ... audit fees paid in 20 0 4 Audit fees for 20 0 4 increased 92 percent over 20 0 3 for 5 73 companies in the S&P 600 smallcap Audit fees data were analyzed for the 5 73 companies on the S&P 600 smallcap list...
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báo cáo sinh học:" Workplace violence and gender discrimination in Rwanda’s health workforce: Increasing safety and gender equality" ppt
... Total Male 26 % 20 % 69% 48% 0. 0% 88% 50. 0% 57% 58 Female 58% 54% 19 % 36 % 80. 0% 0. 0% 25 .0% 43% 55 Both male and female 16 % 27 % 13 % 16 % 20 . 0% 13 % 25 .0% 0. 0% 25 Total ( 10 0 %) 19 41 16 31 15 13 8 Newman ... 26 % (8) 20 % ( 13 ) 22 % Male perpetrator (0) 0% ( 13 ) 87% ( 13 ) 65% Female perpetrator (11 ) 58% (22 ) 54% (33 ) 55% Female perpetrator (4) 80% (0) 0% (4) 20 % Male and female (3) 16 % (11 ) 27 % (14 ) 23 % ... Sage Publications;, 19 97 Law Regulating Labour in Rwanda [http://www.mifotra.gov.rw/ documents/Laws/NEW %20 LABOUR %20 LAW %20 N 13 . 20 0 9 %20 OF% 20 2 7.5. 20 0 9.pdf], No 13 / 20 0 9 of 27 /5/ 20 0 9 Rwanda Ministry...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Multi-point boundary value problems for an increasing homeomorphism and positive homomorphism on time scales" doc
... m 2 i =1 αi ξi 1 T− − ξi ) , (t, u, v) ∈ [0, 1] T × [0, l1 d1 ] × [−d1 , d1 ]; b1 − m 2 i =1 βi m 2 i =1 βi (T m 2 i =1 βi m 2 i =1 βi ξi − ξi ) , (t, u, v) ∈ [0, 1] T × [b1 , b1 / 1 ] × [−d1 ... u1 , u2 , u3 satisfying max ui (t) ≤ d1 , t∈ [0, 1] T i = 1, 2, 3; b < |u1 (t)|; a1 < max |u2 (t)|, |u2 (t)| < b1 ; t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T max |u3 (t)| ≤ a1 t∈ [0, 1] T The proof of Theorem 4 .1 ... positive solutions u1 , u2 , u3 satisfying max ui (t) ≤ d, i = 1, 2, 3; t∈ [0, 1] T b < |u1 (t)|; a < max |u2 (t)|, |u2 (t)| < b; t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T max |u3 (t)| ≤ a (3. 3) t∈ [0, 1] T Proof It is...
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Báo cáo hoa học: " Multi-point boundary value problems for an increasing homeomorphism and positive homomorphism on time scales" ppt
... m 2 i =1 αi ξi 1 T− − ξi ) , (t, u, v) ∈ [0, 1] T × [0, l1 d1 ] × [−d1 , d1 ]; b1 − m 2 i =1 βi m 2 i =1 βi (T m 2 i =1 βi m 2 i =1 βi ξi − ξi ) , (t, u, v) ∈ [0, 1] T × [b1 , b1 / 1 ] × [−d1 ... u1 , u2 , u3 satisfying max ui (t) ≤ d1 , t∈ [0, 1] T i = 1, 2, 3; b < |u1 (t)|; a1 < max |u2 (t)|, |u2 (t)| < b1 ; t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T max |u3 (t)| ≤ a1 t∈ [0, 1] T The proof of Theorem 4 .1 ... positive solutions u1 , u2 , u3 satisfying max ui (t) ≤ d, i = 1, 2, 3; t∈ [0, 1] T b < |u1 (t)|; a < max |u2 (t)|, |u2 (t)| < b; t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T t∈ [0, 1] T max |u3 (t)| ≤ a (3. 3) t∈ [0, 1] T Proof It is...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Several Existence Theorems of Multiple Positive Solutions of Nonlinear m-Point BVP for an Increasing Homeomorphism and Homomorphism on Time Scales" pot
... f 23 38 2 . 709 4, so that f u ≥ Finally, as limu → ∞ f u 23 M 36 8, 6.5 400 0 · 23 2 / 23 2 u ∈ a , 2a 500 0 ≈ 6.6 400 0, f u ≤ 400 0 < c N 500 0, u ∈ 0, c , 6.7 and D2 of iii holds Thus by Theorem 4 .1, ... s φ 1 0 T N 1 m 2 i 1 − 1/ 4 bi a τ ∇τ Δs ⎛ φ 1 ⎝ s s l /2 sds m 2 i a τ ∇τ 1 1 /3 · 1/ 2 − 1 /3 ds 1/ 5, a Clearly f is always increasing If we take d , 16 ξi a τ ∇τ m 2 i ⎞ ⎠Δs 6 .3 23 , c 500 0, then ... − 1 T ϕ 0 T ϕ 0 1 T bi m 2 i m 2 i s Δs − m 2 i 0 s Δs bi 1 T ϕ ξi m 2 i s Δs s Δs − T ϕ ξi s Δs bi s Δs bi ≥ 0, 2 .15 T − u T 0 s Δs B T − T ϕ 0 0 s Δs s Δs − 1 m 2 i T ϕ ξi m 2 i bi 1 ...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article Design of a Versatile and Low Cost μVolt Level A to D Conversion System for Use in Medical Instrumentation Applicatio" pdf
... 1. 8 0. 64 0. 28 I-F Frequency Shift (kHz) 1. 117 ± 0. 017 2. 469 ± 0. 0 21 11 . 624 ± 0. 016 27 .11 2 ± 0. 037 48.7 53 ± 0. 0 23 67.7 53 ± 0. 045 % Uncertainty 1. 5 0. 85 0. 14 0. 14 0. 05 0. 07 900 00 800 00 700 00 600 00 ... 9.79 3. 898 9.77 3. 896 9.75 9. 73 3.8 92 6 700 0 9. 81 3. 894 6 800 0 9. 83 9. 71 3. 89 6 500 0 20 40 50 60 Time (min) 10 0 1 50 Time (s) 20 0 2 50 Frequency (Hz) 3. 904 3. 9 02 6 900 0 9.69 30 0 Vout Δf Figure 3: Baseline ... C4 0. 22 μ F-out LTC 17 99 C2 LMV7 51 0. 22 μ R 10 C5 C7 R7 MAX 4 12 2 Reset U4 Q1 BC549B R8 − + C6 k 10 0 n k3 R 12 U6 10 0 k ZRB 500 U5 LMV7 51 R 11 62 k − + 1k D2 1N 414 8 R6 1k 0. 22 μ 0. 22 μ U7 R 13 k3 D3...
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