Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhng thời điểm không rõ ràng, đi với already đã rồi, recently, lately gần đây, before trớc kia.. Dùng với yet cha, vẫn cha trong câu hỏi và câu [r]
CHUN ĐỀ I Tenses ( Thêi cđa ®éng tõ) Present Simple (Hiện đơn) Form a Khẳng định - I, you, we , they + V - He, she , it + V+s / V+es * Notes : - Các động từ kết thúc sh, ch, ss, o, x sang he, she , it thêm es Eg : I wash He washes I watch He watches I go He goes I miss He misses - Sau phụ âm k, p, t s đợc đọc /s/ - Sau trờng hợp lại s đợc đọc /z/ - Sau phụ âm sh, ch, ss, x đuôi es đợc đọc iz - Những động từ tận phụ âm + y sang he, she, it y đổi thành i trớc thêm es Eg : I study He studies - Những động từ tận nguyên âm + y, biến đổi bình thờng sang ng«i he, she, it Eg: I play, he plays b Phủ định - I, we, you, they don't + V - He, she , it doesn't + V c Nghi vÊn - Do I / you/ we / they + V ? - Does he/ she/ it +V? The use a Diễn tả mức độ thờng xuyên diễn hành động Thờng với always, usually, often , sometimes, occasionally (thØnh tho¶ng), rarely, seldom (hiÕm khi), never, everyday, every week once twice / times times a week/ a month/year mét lÇn hai lần tuần/ tháng/ năm ba lÇn Eg : - He usually goes to the cinema - We clean our house everyday - Lan washes clothes twice a week b Diễn tả điều luôn (sự thật), đà khoảng thời gian dµi Eg : - Some animals don't eat during winter ( Một vài loài động vật không ăn vào mùa ®«ng) - We are Vietnamese We speak Vietnamese - He works in a bank Exercise 1: Chia ®éng tõ ngc: They (go) on holiday every winter The days (be) longer in summer She often (talk) to herself Oak trees (grow) very slowly My dog (not eat) vegetables My brother (not like) animals Most people (not like) to visit a doctor In his job she usually (stand) My brother never (go) out in the evening 10 He usually (work) with paints and brushes 11 Do you know anyone who (speak) Italian? 12 At work he usually (sit) all day 13 (you ever work) at the weekend? Exercise 2: Đọc đoạn văn sau, dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi tr¶ lêi Hans Huser is a ski-instructor He is Swiss and he lives in Villars, a village in the mountains In summer he works in a sports shop and in winter he teaches skiing He speaks languages : French, German, Italian and English He is married and has two children He plays football with them in his free time He's happy with his family 1/ What / Hans Huser / ? 2/ Where/ he / come / from ? 3/ he / live / city ? 4/ Where / he / work / summer ? 5/ What / / winter ? 6/ How many languages / he / speak ? 7/ he / single ? 8/ How many children / he / have ? 9/ What / he / / free time ? 10/ he / happy / family ? Exercise 3: Đọc đoạn văn sau, điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống , sau dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi trả lêi Alan is a lorry -driver He's 25 years He works five days week Every morning he gets up at o'clock He eats enormous breakfast at 6.30 He two cups of tea Then he kisses wife He leaves for work at 7.30 He lunch in a transport cafe He home at o'clock In the evening he goes to the pub He goes to at 10.30 1/ What / Alan / ? 2/ How many days / week / he work ? 3/ What time / he get up ? 4/ he / drink coffee / morning ? 5/ What time he / leave / work ? 6/ Where / he / have lunch ? 7/ he / go cinema / evening ? Present Continuous (HiƯn t¹i tiÕp diễn) Form a Khẳng định I am You/ We/ They are + V-ing He/ she/ it is b Phñ ®Þnh S + to be + not + V-ing c Nghi vÊn To be + S + V-ing ? *Notes : - Những động từ kết thúc nguyên ©m e, tríc thªm ing ta bá e Eg : have having write writing - Những động từ âm tiết, nguyên âm, kết thúc phụ âm, trớc thêm ing ta gấp đôi phơ ©m ci Eg : - sit sitting - swim swimming - Các động từ: die, lie, tie biÕn ®ỉi nh sau: die dying, lie lying, tie tying The use a DiƠn t¶ hành động diễn tại, thờng víi at the moment, at present, now ( b©y giê , vµo lóc nµy ) Eg : - I'm cooking at the moment b Diễn tả hành động tơng lai đà đợc xếp sẵn He is meeting his brother at the station tonight (Anh ta sÏ ®ãn anh trai nhà ga vào tối nay.) c Thời TD với always ta muốn phàn nàn hành động lặp lặp lại Eg : He's always losing his keys (Anh ta đánh chìa khóa) * Notes : Một số động từ không thêng dïng ë d¹ng tiÕp diƠn : be, understand, think (cho r»ng), know, hear, love, like , stop , feel, smell, taste, sound Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc: What's that noise? Somebody (practise) the piano She (have) a shower at the moment Right now she (run) down a hill I'm looking at that woman, she (wear) a nice dress 'Where is Kate?' 'She (watch) TV in the living room.' Don't bother me now I (to work) Take an umbrella It .(to rain) - Where's Jim? - He with friends.(to stay) Exercise 2: Đọc đoạn văn sau, dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi trả lời It's a Sunday morning The sun is shining Mary is watching TV in her room Her father is reading newspapers Her mother is cooking in the kitchen Mary has got a dog It is playing with a cat in the garden It's a nice dog and Mary loves it very much 1/ sun / shine ? 2/ What Mary / / now ? 3/ father / read / newspapers ? 4/ What / mother / ? 5/ What / dog / ? 6/ Mary / love / dog ? Exercise 3: Đọc th sau dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi trả lời Dear Tom, Now I'm in Rio I'm staying in a big hotel It's very beautiful but expensive In the morning I usually go to the beach I sometimes go shopping in the afternoon There are a lot of goods but I don't have much money In the evening I usually stay in my room and watch TV At the moment, I'm eating a delicious cake and writing this letter to you Tomorrow I'm going to the Trade Exhibition in the city centre Well, let me stop now, Give my love to everyone Love, Susan Where / Susan / stay ? Where / she / go / morning ? What / she / / evening ? What / she / / at the moment ? Exercise 4: Chia ®éng tõ ngc ë ®óng thêi 1/ Hello, this is Dr Smith's office Who (speak) ? 2/ Hurry up ! The train (come) 3/ It is a lovely day The sun (shine) and the birds (sing) 4/ The Earth (go) round the Sun 5/ Some animals (not eat) during the winter 6/ - What Oanh (do) at the moment ? - She (cook) She usually (cook) dinner for her family 7/ In the evening he often (play) chess with his door neighbour 8/ They (build) a new hospital in my town now 9/ My father always (have) a rest after lunch 10/ She's very lazy She never (wash) the floor 11/ Look at those boys ! They (hurry) home after school 12/ Your mother usually (catch) the 8.10 bus ? 13/ Your sister (wait) for her friend at the station now? 14/ He usually (smile) at his wife when he (come) home 15/ - Mrs Lan (use) the computer now ? - Yes, she usually (use) it for her work 16/ Minh sometimes (miss) his bus 17/ My uncle often (watch) TV in the evening But right now he (write) a letter 18/- They (have) breakfast now ? - No, they (sleep) 19/ My father always (relax) at the weekend 20/ You can't see Tom now He (have) a bath 21/ Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it 22/ I'm busy at the moment I (redecorate) the room 23/ The kettle (boil) now Shall I make the tea ? 24/ I don't want to go out now because it (rain) and I (not have) an umbrella Simple Past (Quá khứ đơn) Form a Khẳng định - Động từ có qui tắc : V-ed Eg : - work worked - clean cleaned * Notes : - Những động từ âm tiết, nguyên âm, kết thúc phụ âm trớc thêm ed ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuèi Eg : -stop stopped - drop dropped - Những động từ kết thúc phụ âm + y , trớc thêm ed ta đổi y thành i Eg : - study - studied - Những động từ kết thúc nguyên âm + y, biến đổi bình thờng Eg: - play - played - Những động từ kết thúc e thêm d : Eg : - arrive arrived *Cách đọc đuôi ed : - Đuôi ed đợc đọc /id/ đứng sau t vµ d : Eg : wanted needed - Đuôi ed đợc đọc / t / đứng sau k, p, sh, ch, ss, x Eg : - stopped, washed, watched, missed, fixed, cooked - Đuôi ed đợc đọc d sau trờng hợp lại - Động từ bất qui tắc : - see saw - get got - did - have had - be was / were b.Phñ ®Þnh : S + didn't + V c Nghi vÊn : Did + S + V ? The use * Thời khứ đơn diễn tả hành động xảy khứ có thời điểm rõ ràng : - yesterday - last night (tèi h«m qua ) week ( tuần trớc ) month ( tháng trớc ) year ( năm trớc ) - days ago (hai ngày/ tuần trớc đây) weeks Eg: - We played football yesterday * Đi với when câu hỏi hành động khứ Eg : - When did you see him ? - I saw him this morning Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc thời 1/ Minh (be) very tired when I (see) him yesterday 2/ My father usually (work) hours a day, but yesterday he (start) at 9.00 a.m and (finish) at 9.00 p.m 3/ It usually (rain) a lot in summer but it (rain) a little last summer 4/ -When John (leave) home ? -He (leave) minutes ago 5/ What you (do) last Sunday ? - I (have) a holiday in New York Exercise : Đọc đoạn văn sau, dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi trả lời Last year David went to Barcelona for his holiday He went by air and stayed in a big hotel in the city centre He stayed there for days When he was there, he visited many beautiful places in Barcelona He took many photographs and bought a lot of souvenirs for his friends He enjoyed the holiday very much 1/ When / David / go / Barcelona ? 2/ How long / stay ? 3/ How / he / go / Barcelona? 4/ Where / he / stay ? 5/ he / take / a lot / photographs ? 6/ What / he / buy ? Past Continuous (Qu¸ khø tiÕp diƠn) Form a Khẳng định : S + was + V-ing were b Phủ định: S + wasn't + V-ing weren't c Nghi vÊn : Was + S + V-ing ? Were The use a Diễn tả hành động diễn thời điểm khứ Thêng ®i víi at o'clock / at this time yesterday (Vào lúc / thời điểm ngày hôm qua ) Eg : - They were swimming at a.m yesterday b Diễn tả hành động diễn khứ có hành động khác (thời khứ đơn) xảy tới Trong câu thờng có While , As (Trong khi), When (Khi, khi) Eg : - While I was going home, I saw an accident (Tôi thấy tai nạn nhà) As When - Mai was cooking when I came (Khi đến Mai nấu níng) - When I came Mai was cooking c §i víi all yesterday morning Eg : - They were dancing all yesterday morning (Họ khiêu vũ buổi sáng) d While đợc sử dụng câu có hành động ë thêi qu¸ khø tiÕp diƠn Eg : While I was reading, my sister was listening to music ( Trong đọc sách chị lại nghe nhạc) Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc thêi 1/ When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep) 2/ The light (go) out while we (have) dinner 3/ The last time I (see) him, he (wear) a grey suit 4/ Just as I (leave) , a student (stop) me in the hall 5/ Nam (play) football when he (break) his leg 6/ We (drink) a lot of beer at the party the day before yesterday 7/ They (build) a new bridge when I was there months ago 8/ He (sit) in a cafe when I saw him 9/ My company (make) a lot of profits years ago 10/ What you (do) when I phoned you on Monday ? 11/ While the two thieves (argue), someone (steal) their car 12/ When he was a boy at school, Edison (ask) a lot of questions The teacher (think) he was stupid and she (send) him home Edison's mother (teach) her son at home and he (begin) to carry out a lot of experiments 13/ - You (visit) the zoo yesterday ? - Yes, I did When I (go) there, I (see) our teacher 14/ Who (invent) the radio ? Date of teaching: Present Perfect (Hiện hoàn thành) Form a Khẳng định : I / you / we / they + have + PII He / she / it + has b Phủ định : S + haven't + PII hasn't c Nghi vÊn : Have + S + P II ? Has * PII : Phân từ (phân từ khứ): - Là dạng khứ đơn động từ có qui tắc - §éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c : Eg : - go - went - gone - - did - done The use a Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy ra, với just Eg : - I've just cleaned my house (Tôi vừa lau nhà) b Diễn tả hành động đà xảy khứ nhng không nhắc tới thời điểm xảy hành động Eg : - I've lost my key (Tôi đà bị chìa khóa) Khác với câu I lost my key yesterday (Tôi đà chìa khóa hôm qua ) c.Diễn tả hành động đà diễn khoảng thời gian today, this week / month Eg : - Have you seen Lan today ? - No, I haven't - There have been accidents here this month (Đà có tai nạn vào tháng này) d Diễn tả hành động đà xảy khứ nhng thời điểm không rõ ràng, với already (đà rồi), recently, lately (gần đây), before (tríc kia) Eg : - He's already done his homework - I've seen this film times before (Tôi đà lần xem phim trớc đây) e Dùng với yet (cha, cha) câu hỏi câu phủ định Eg : - Have you met your new teacher yet ? - No, we haven't met her yet f Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu khứ kéo dài đến , với since, for, up to now , so far (cho tíi b©y giê), - for + kho¶ng thêi gian Eg : - My brother has been a doctor for ten years now (Anh đà bác sĩ đợc 10 năm) - since + mèc thêi gian Eg : - We haven't met each other since we left school (Chúng đà không gặp kể từ trờng ) -Up to now / So far we have visited countries in the world (Cho tíi b©y giê chóng đà thăm nớc giới.) g Thời hoàn thành dùng với ever (đà từng), never (cha bao giờ) - ever với câu hỏi câu khẳng định Eg : - Have you ever read this book ? ( Cậu đà đọc sách cha ?) -No, I've never read it (Tôi cha bao giê ®äc nã) - This is the most interesting film I've ever seen.( Đây phim hay mà đà xem) h Thời hoàn thµnh dïng víi in the past 2/ years/ months ( Trong 2/3 tháng/ năm qua) for last Eg : -There have been a lot of changes in our town in the last years (Đà có nhiều đổi thay thị trấn năm qua) i Thời hoàn thành dùng với This is the first, second, third time ( Đây lần đầu tiên, lần thứ hai ) Eg : - This is the first time I've tasted this food (Đây lần đợc nếm ăn này) = I've never tasted this food before (Trớc cha ăn này) k Thời hoàn thành dùng với ages for months (đà lâu rồi) a long time Eg : - I haven't seen my sister for ages (Đà lâu không gặp chị gái t«i) = It's ages since I last saw my sister (Đà lâu kể từ lần cuối gặp chị gái tôi) Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc ë ®óng thêi 1/ My wife and I (be) there several times in the past 2/ We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far 3/ He (visit) his friends recently 4/ - You (see) her today ? - No, I haven't seen her yet 5/ She (do) her homework already 6/ They never (go) to the cinema in their life 7/ Tom, I (not see) you for ages ! Where have you been ? 8/ He is the most kind-hearted man I ever (meet) 9/ There (be) accidents on this street in the past days 10/ Is this the first time you (visit) our beautiful country ? 11/ Scientists (find) cures for many illnesses in the last 50 years 12/ My uncle's health (improve) since he (leave) India 13/ I (buy) a new shirt last week but I (not wear) it yet 14/ I (not see ) Lan since we (leave) school 15/ We just (move) to a new house but we (be) dissatisfied with it Present Perfect Continuous (Hiện hoàn thành tiếp diễn) Form a Khẳng định : S + have/ has + been + V-ing b Phủ định : S + haven't / hasn't + been + V-ing c Nghi vÊn : Have / Has + S + been + V-ing ? The use a Thời hoàn thành tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động khứ kéo dài liên tục võa chÊm døt ë ®ã Eg : - He's very tired now He has been walking for hours (Bây anh mệt Anh đà tiếng đồng hồ) b Thời hoàn thành tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động khứ kéo dài liên tục diễn tơng lai - I've been waiting for my friend since o'clock He hasn't arrived yet (Tôi đà đợi bạn từ lúc Cậu cha đến) c Thời hoàn thành tiếp diễn dùng vớ câu hỏi How long, Since when Eg : - How long have you been living here ? (Anh đà sống đợc råi ?) - I've been living here for 12 years = I started living here 12 years ago (Tôi bắt đầu sống 12 năm trớc đây.) Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc thời 1/ - How long you (learn) English ? - I (learn) English for years 2/ - Where is Peter ? - He (be) in his room He (sleep) He (sleep) since o'clock 3/ They (live) here for 20 years now 4/ Look ! Her eyes are red and wet She (cry) 5/ The boy is tired He (run) for two hours 6/ You look tired! Yes I (work) _very hard 7/ Where's the magazine I gave you? What (you do) _ with it? 8/ We (have) the same car for twelve years 9/ This room was white Now it is blue He (paint) _ it 10/ This is the first time I (drive) _ a car Thanks for lending me your car 11/ These shoes are nice and clean (you clean) _ them? 12/ Sorry I'm late (you wait) long? 13/ Somebody (steal) _ my keys They are not on the table 14/ Mary is still watching TV She (watch) _ TV all day 15/ Look! Somebody (spill) wine on the floor Past Perfect (Qu¸ khứ hoàn thành) Form a Khẳng định : S + had + V(p.p) b Phủ định : S + hadn't + V(p.p) c Nghi vÊn : Had + S + V(p.p) ? The use * Thêi qu¸ khø hoàn thành diễn tả hành động xảy trớc hành động khứ thời điểm khứ khác Thờng với after, before, when, by the time (cho tíi khi), as soon as ( sau khi) Eg : - After he had done his homework, he went to the cinema ( Sau nã lµm xong tập, xem phim.) = Before he went to the cinema, he had done his homework - When I got there, they had gone home (Khi mà tới đó, họ đà nhà rồi.) - When he had sung his song, he sat down (Khi h¸t xong, ngåi xuèng) - By the time we got to the station, the train had already left ( Cho tíi chóng t«i tíi ga, tàu đà chạy rồi) Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc thời 1/ After her husband (get) home, she started to wash the clothes 2/ When they reached France, they (visit) 13 countries 3/ When she (arrive) at his house, she (find) that he (leave) a few minutes before 4/ Before Mr Ron met me, he (do) nothing 5/ Yesterday I was sorry that I (hurt) him 6/ They (tell) her that they (not meet ) her before 7/ When she (realise) her mistakes, she apologised 8/ When I (meet) my cousin weeks ago, he told me that he just (return) from the South SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE ( Thời tơng lai đơn ) (will/ shall) Form a Khẳng định S + will / shall + V b Phủ định S + won't / shan't + V c C©u hái Will/ Shall + S + V ? * Notes : - Will đợc dùng với tất Shall thờng dùng với I , we The use : - Thời tơng lai đơn diễn tả hành động tơng lai đơn Eg : - I'll it tomorow (I'll = I will) ( T«i sÏ lµm viƯc nµy vµo ngµy mai) - He'll come here soon (Chẳng chốc tới đây) - Our exam will be in two weeks (Kú thi cña diễn tuần nữa) - They won't help you - Will you buy it ? - Yes, I will/ No, I won't * Will cßn đợc sử dụng lời yêu cầu, lời mời Eg : - Will you please get it for me ? (Yêu cầu) - Yes, certainly/ OK / of course - Will you come to my party ? (Lêi mêi) * Will đợc sử dụng đa lời hứa Eg : - I will pay you tomorrow ( T«i sÏ trả cậu vào ngày mai) * Shall đợc sử dụng lêi gỵi ý Eg : - Shall we go to the zoo this afternoon ? ( ChiỊu chóng ta vờn thú ?) * Shall đợc dùng lời đề nghị giúp đỡ Eg : - Shall I it for you ? ( Để giúp cậu nhé) NEAR FUTURE (Thời tơng lai gần, tơng lai dự định (Be going to)) Form a Khẳng định S + be going to + V b Phủ định S + be + not + going to + V c Nghi vÊn Be + S + going to + V ? - Are you going to work in France next month ? - Yes, I am / No, I'm not The use a Diễn tả hành động tơng lai đà lên kế hoạch từ trớc Eg : - He's going to get married next month.(Anh Êy sÏ cíi vợ vào tháng sau) b.Diễn tả hành động xảy tơng lai gần Eg : - Look at those clouds ! It's going to rain (Nhìn đám mây ! Trời ma !) * So sánh Will Be going to - Be going to hành động tơng lai có dự định Eg : - I'm going to England for my holiday next week - Will hành động tơng lai bất chợt, không ®ỵc dù tÝnh tõ tríc Eg : - Our teacher is ill (Thầy giáo bị ốm đấy) - Is he ? I'll visit him this afternoon (ThÕ µ ? ChiỊu tớ thăm thầy ) Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc thời 1/ - Hai has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg - I'm sorry to hear that I (visit) him 2/ Look at those clouds It (rain) 3/ What are you going to with that dress ? - I (shorten) it 4/ I've hired a typerwriter and I (learn) to type 5/ Listen to this ! I think this news (surprise) you 6/ Tom, when you (get) married, this month or next month ? 7/ - What you (do) next week ? - I (visit) my grandparents Exercise for Revision : Chia động từ ngoặc thời 1/ Roy (come) from New York He (live) in California now He (study) marketing He has earned a lot of money and just (buy) a car He (drive) his car to his friend in the countryside yesterday While he (drive) there, he (see) a train accident 2/ Mr Baker (work) as an engineer He (be) an engineer since 1985 He (have) children They (study) abroad now 3/ I never (meet) anyone famous yet Have you ? - Yes, I (have) I (meet) Elton John in New York in 1988 and we (talk) to each other a lot 4/ In the evening I often (play) chess with my door neighbour I (play) chess with him ever since I (come) to live here ten years ago He (be) here all his life He (inherit) the house from his father, another great chess player 5/ Alice (be) 18 years old and she (come) from England She is now in Hanoi and (study) Vietnamese She (arrive) in Hanoi in January, so she (be) there for months Next month she (go) to Hue 6/ When I was young I (want) to be a pilot 7/ Who (you wait) for when I arrived? 8/ - You (see) Jane last night? - Yes She (wear) her new jacket when I saw her 9/ By the time we got to the cinema the film (to start), so we missed the first five minutes10/ When I rang the bell there was no answer The neighbour told me that they (to go out) about half an hour ago BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense: Mr.Tuan always (go) ……………………………………… to work by bus We (start) ………………………………………………… our new school year last month She (receive) ………………………………………… her pen pal’s letter this morning It (not rain) ……………………………………………… in the dry season Lan (take) ………………………………………… her younger brother to the zoo last Sunday I (live) …………………………………………………… here since I was born They (give) ……………………………………… me the letter a few minutes ago When I saw him, he (sit) ……………………………………………… asleep in a chair What you (do) ………………………………………………… at p.m yesterday? 10 My brother (write) …………………………………………… several plays 11 We (learn) ………………………………………………… English now 12 He (write) ………………………………………………… a long novel at present 13 Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) …………………………………………… to you? 14 Where are you? – I’m upstairs I (have) …………………………………………… a bath 15 You (have) …………………………………………………… breakfast yet? 16 My little sister (drink) ……………………………………………… milk every day 17 The doctor sometimes (return) …………………………………………… home late 18 They (have) …………………………………………… lunch in the cafeteria now 19 They often (thank) ………………………………………… me for what I for them 20 His uncle (teach) ………………………………………… English in our school five years ago 21 They (not go) ………………………………………………… to the movies last Sunday 22 You (find) ……………………………………………… my pen yesterday? 23 The light (go) ………………………… out when we (study) …………………………….our lesson 24 There (be) ……………………………… an English class in this room tomorrow evening 25 They (paint) ………………………………………………… the school gate when we came 26 They (build) ………………………………………… a new school in this area next year 27 My brother (work) …………………………………………… in this factory for many years 28 The children (play) ………………………………………… soccer at o’clock yesterday 29 I (see) ………………………………………………… Nga at the bus stop every morning 30 What you (do) ………………………………………………………… last night? 31 It (be) ……………………….… often hot in the summer 32 My mother went to the supermarket yesterday, but she (not buy) ……… anything 33 Nam and Ba (play) …………………………… soccer at present 34 My family (go) ………………….………… Da Lat next summer 35 I’d like (tell) …………… ………… you something about my family 36 She needs (eat) ………….………… a lot of vegetables and fruit 37 Please don’t make so much noise I (study)…………………………… 38 The water (boil) ……………………………at 100 degrees Celsius 39 Look! Somebody (climb) ……………………up that tree over there 40 I (not see) ……………………………………her since last week 41 How long you (know) ………………………………… Tom? 42 Hoa (burn) ……………………her hand when she (cook) ……………… …… The dinner 43 While we (cross) ……………….….the street, the policeman (shout) ………… …….at us 44 What you (do) ………………………………at this time yesterday? 45 I hope it (not rain) ……………………when we (start) ………………….early tomorrow 46 My sister (play) ………………………the piano since she (be) ………………….a child 47 I (never forget) ……………………….what you (just tell) ………………………….me 48 He (leave) ………….home two weeks ago and we (not hear) ………………from him since 49 She (win) ……………………….the gold medal in 2004 50 While you (play) ………………… the guitar, I (write) …………………….a letter G WISH SENTENCES: - Dùng để diễn tả ước muốn, điều khơng có thật Hình thức: S + WISH / WISHES + S + V2/V-ed / were - Dùng để diễn tả ước muốn, điều thật tương lai Hình thức: S + WISH / WISHES + S + WOULD + INF * Ghi chú: “Past Subjunctive” gọi khứ bàng thái dùng khứ đơn Với động từ “To be” ta dùng “were” cho tất chủ ngữ Ex: He wishes he were a doctor I wish I could speak English fluently Baøi taäp: * Write sentences beginning with “I wish…” I don’t have time to study I can’t answer the questions We are not living in London 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Nga is not here They don’t stay in Da Lat Mai doesn’t know many people in the town I’m sorry I can’t go to the party Her work isn’t going well They will leave France next week I’m sorry he gets up so late It’s a pity we don’t know where we are It’s a pity we haven’t a knife I’m sorry I don’t know where you are staying Nga may make a lot of mistakes My family has to move to Lang Son I’m sorry I can’t help you The students keep talking all the time The tickets are too expensive I’m sorry my friends are poor I speak English badly He can’t swim as well as his friends She has to work on Sunday every week They are afraid of ghosts and monsters I don’t know much about him CHUYÊN ĐỀ II: Adjectives - Adverbs ( TÝnh tõ - Trạng từ) 1/ So sánh cấu tạo Adv = Adj + ly Eg : - quick - quickly (nhanh) - slow - slowly (chËm) - careful - carefully ( cÈn thËn) - bad - badly (kÐm, tåi) * Lu ý : + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ cã tËn cïng y biến đổi nh sau : - happy - happily ( hạnh phúc, vui vẻ) - easy - easily (dễ) - lazy - lazily (lời) + Những trờng hợp không theo qui tắc : - good - well ( tèt) - fast - fast (nhanh) - late - late (muén) - much - much ( nhiÒu) - hard - hard ( chăm chỉ) - early - early (sớm) - far - far (xa) 2/ So s¸nh vỊ c¸ch sư dơng * Adj : + §øng tríc danh tõ (n) : Eg : - He is a careful driver ( Anh lái xe cẩn thận) + Đứng sau ®éng tõ to be : Eg : - He is careful ( Anh Êy cÈn thËn) * Adv : - Đứng sau động từ thờng : Eg : - He drives carefully.( Anh Êy l¸i xe cÈn thËn) Exercise : Chọn từ số hai từ ngoặc : John is reading (careful / carefully) He is a (slow / slowly) learner Maria Elena speaks Spanish ( fluently / fluent) Rita plays the violin ( good / well) He was working ( hard / hardly) The sun is ( bright / brightly) today She's a ( fast / fastly ) swimmer You can this exercise (easily/ easy) Exercise : Viết lại câu sau, giữ nguyên nghĩa : Mr Hai is a bad driver Mr Hai drives She is a careless driver. She Hoa is a fast typist Hoa Mary dances marvellously Mary is Celine Dion sings well Celine Dion is Lien is a good English speaker Lien speaks Mr Linh is a hard worker Mr Linh Minh is a fast swimmer Minh swims My father drives well My father is 10 He runs quickly He is 11 Lan is a bad English speaker Lan speaks 12 Mrs Young is a very slow typist Mrs Young types 13 My mother cooks well My mother Exercise : Đọc đoạn văn sau, dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi trả lời: Carol Stuart is a good student She is studying chemistry She can play the piano and the guitar very well She is a very good cook and swimmer She speaks Russian and French perfectly She is beautiful, too Carol / good / bad student ? What / she / study ? How / she / play / piano / guitar ? She / cook / well ? She / swim / well ? How / she / speak Russian / French ? She / beautiful ? CHUYÊN ĐỀ III COMPARISONS ( So s¸nh ) A/ So s¸nh TÝnh tõ I/ So s¸nh ngang b»ng * MÉu c©u : S + to be + as + adj + as + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - Nam is as quick as Hai - They are as happy as we are us * Lu ý :- Trong câu phủ định ta có thÓ dïng so thay cho as : Eg : - Mai isn't as tall as her brother = Mai isn't so tall as her brother Exercise : Dïng từ gợi ý để viết câu dạng so sánh ngang b»ng : Ha Noi / noisy / Ho Chi Minh City Today / cold / yesterday My bag / expensive / his Their house / big / our house I / not / tired / yesterday this pen / good / that one ? Her shoes / cheap / mine II/ Comparative ( So sánh ) 1/ Short adj (Tính từ ngắn) Tính từ ngắn tính từ có âm tiÕt : Eg : - big, cold, hot, tall MÉu c©u : S + to be + adj + er + than + noun (danh từ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - Hoa is taller than I am = I'm not as tall as Hoa (is) me - It was colder yesterday than (it is) today * Lu ý : + Những tính từ kết thúc phụ âm, trớc thêm er, phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối Eg : - big - bigger - hot - hotter + Những tính từ kết thúc e , thªm r : Eg : - large - larger + Những tính từ âm tiết , kết thúc y, đợc biến đổi nh sau : Eg : - happy - happier - pretty - prettier (®Đp) - lazy - lazier ( lêi) Exercise 1: Dïng tõ gỵi ý để viết câu dạng so sánh : I / short / my brother Hai Duong / small/ Ha noi His shoes / cheap / mine Russia / big / Canada This exercise / easy / that one this car / fast / yours ? Today / cold / yesterday 2/ Long adj ( TÝnh tõ dµi) TÝnh tõ dµi lµ tÝnh từ có âm tiết trở lên: Eg : tired, expensive, difficult, interesting MÉu c©u : S + to be + more +long adj + than + noun (danh từ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - They are more tired than us = We are not as tired as them - This exercise is more difficult than that one Exercise 2: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu dạng so sánh : Her shoes / expensive / his Mr Jones / careful / wife Football / popular / table-tennis English / difficult / Chinese ? Spring / pleasant / summer Her car / comfortable / mine His chidren / hard-working / my chidren 3/ Irregular Adj ( BÊt qui t¾c) - good - better - bad - worse - far - farther / further ( xa) - much - more - many - more - little - less ( Ýt) Eg : - His English is better than mine = My English isn't as good as his Exercise 3: Dïng từ gợi ý để viết câu dạng so sánh h¬n : My friend's bike / good / mine This picture / bad / yours He has / much money / I have My sister / have / many books / me Exercise 4: ViÕt l¹i câu sau, giữ nguyên nghĩa : 1/ They were happier yesterday than today Today they 2/ English isn't so interesting as biology Biology is / I'm not as good at English as him He is 4/ His role is more important than mine My role / My kitchen is bigger than yours Your kitchen / I haven't got as much money as you You have / French is more difficult than English English / Nam isn't so careful as his father Nam's father / Mai is prettier than her sister Mai's sister 10 / Hai Duong isn't so noisy as Ha Noi Ha Noi 11/ My house is smaller than his His house III/ SUPERLATIVES ( So s¸nh bËc nhÊt ) 1/ Short adj : MÉu c©u : S + to be + the + short adj + est + in / of Eg : - John is the tallest student in his class = No one in his class is taller than John = No one in his class is as tall as John ... there months ago 8/ He (sit) in a cafe when I saw him 9/ My company (make) a lot of profits years ago 10/ What you (do) when I phoned you on Monday ? 11/ While the two thieves (argue), someone (steal)... Listen to this ! I think this news (surprise) you 6/ Tom, when you (get) married, this month or next month ? 7/ - What you (do) next week ? - I (visit) my grandparents Exercise for Revision : Chia... + noun (danh tõ) / pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - My brother runs faster than I = I don''t run as fast as my brother me Long adv : MÉu c©u : S + V + more + long adv + than + noun (danh từ) pronoun (đại