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A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Vinh university Department of foreign languages - NguyÔn Thị Hồng Thắm A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting eating in english (nghiên cứu động từ cụm động từ ăn tiếng anh Graduation thesis Field: semantics Vinh, May 2009 Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University i A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Vinh university Department of foreign languages - A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in english (nghiªn cøu động từ cụm động từ ăn tiÕng anh Graduation thesis Field: semantics Student: Class: Supervisor: NguyÔn Thị Hồng Thắm 45E1 English Võ thị hồng minh, m.a Vinh, May 2009 Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University ii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Acknowledgements I could not have completed my graduation thesis without the great help and useful advise from my teacher, my family as well as my friends Firstly, I especially would like to express my deepest thanks to my supervisor Mrs.Vo Thi Hong Minh, who had given me enthusiatic help, encouragement and advice to shape and complete my graduation thesis Then, I would like to express a great thank to all of the teachers in Foreign Languages Department for giving me a good chance to express my ability Furthermore, my thanks are also sent to all of my friends from 45E1 for their encouragement and help Finally, I am also grateful to my family for providing me many good conditions and the great consolation during the process of writing this graduation thesis I have made great efforts to complete the study However, due to my limited knowledge, the graduation thesis is far from being perfect Thus, it is my responsibility for any shortcomings the graduation thesis may be considered to have Vinh, may 2009 NguyÔn thị hồng thắm Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University iii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Abstract In every language, the verb (V) plays the most important role among the units: S, V, O, C and A in forming the construction of sentences The verb is considered as a part of speech denoting an action, a process, a state or expressing an idea or emotion, the being of person or thing in the universe In this article, the author studies on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University iv A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Table of contents Acknowledgements i Abstract ii Table of contents iii Part I Introduction 1 Rationale for choosing the study Aims of the study Scope of the study Methods of the study Design of the study Part II Development Chapter Theoretical Background .4 1.1 Word 1.1.1 Definition of the word 1.1.2 The meaning of word 1.1.3 Components of the word-meaning 1.1.4 Lexical field 1.2 Synonyms 1.2.1 Definition of synonym 1.2.2 Types of synonyms 1.2.3 Sources of synonyms 12 1.3 Proverbs 13 1.4 Idioms 14 1.5 Summary 16 Chapter The verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English 17 2.1 The verb “to eat” and its synonyms 17 Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University v A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English 2.1.1 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat food” 17 2.1.2 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat a meal” 18 2.1.3 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat too much” 20 2.1.4 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat very quickly” 21 2.1.5 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat noisily” 22 2.1.6 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat all of something and not leave any” 22 2.1.7 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat small amounts of food, especially because you are not hungry or not like what you are eating 24 2.1.8 “Eat” with the meaning “to eat less in order to lose weight” 25 2.1.9 “Eat” with the meaning “to stop eating for religious reasons” 26 2.1.10 “Eat” with the negative meaning 26 2.2 Idioms containing the verb “to eat” in English and its equivalents in Vietnamese 27 2.3 Proverbs containing the verb “to eat” in English and its equivalents in Vietnamese 34 2.4 Summary 36 Chapter Some suggestions for teaching and learning the verb “to eat” 37 3.1 Common mistakes 37 3.2 Some measures to leave out the mistakes 38 3.2.1 Some advices 38 3.2.2 Some teaching suggestions 39 3.2.3 Suggested types of exercises for teaching and learning the verb “to eat” 40 3.3 Summary 42 Part III Conclusion 43 References 44 Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University vi A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Part I: Introduction Rationale for choosing the study As we know, language is a very important means of communication One of the languages which is used widely all over the world is English because of its interests and advantages In Vietnam, English becomes more and more popular and it is being taught and spoken everywhere It is more interesting when we compare the two languages to find out the differences and similarities between them in order to understand more about the cultures of different countries speaking different languages, in particular English and Vietnamese In our lives, eating is usually considered to be the most important thing It is very easy to understand because people “eat to live, but don’t live to eat” Effect and significance of eating are very diversified and profound However, sometimes, people eat for the sentiment, but not for the eating People considered eating as a pleasure, only for enjoying, but not for satisfying the material need Therefore, eatables are always chosen carefully because eating is not only to take food into the mouth, chew, and swallow to serve body, but eating is also the social behaviour with the concrete cultural standards: what we eat for? What we so as to have food? What should we eat? Who we eat with? When and where we eat? And how we eat? Those things are always given for everyone with the sensibility and the tact, and not of all can behave well and satisfactorily in every situation because the life is very diversified, complex and very vivid We carry out this study not only help us understand more the usages of the verb “to eat” as well as its equivalents in Vietnamese but also help us in NguyÔn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University vii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English teaching English verb to Vietnamese learners That is reasons why we have chosen the subject entitled “A study on the verbs and verb phrase denoting “eating” in English” with a hope that this study will make a small contribution to the teaching and learning of English verbs Aims of the study - Helping Vietnamese learners understand the usages of the verb “to eat” with its synonyms - Helping learners leave out their errors in the process of learning English Method of the study - Analysis and presenting method - Collective and illustrative method Scope of the study - Studying the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English - Giving some suggestions to improve learner’s knowledge about the verb “to eat” Design of the study This thesis comprises of three main parts: Part I: Introduction This part states the rationale, aims, methods, scope, and design of the study Part II: Development This part is subdivided into three chapters Chapter Theoretical background Chapter The verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Chapter some suggestions for teaching and learning the verb to eat Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University viii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Part III: Conclusion This part states the summary of the study and some suggestions for further research Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University ix A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Part II Development Chapter 1: Theoretical background 1.1 Word 1.1.1 Definition of the word The term “word” is used to designate an intermediate structure which is smaller than a whole phrase and yet generally larger than a single sound segment However, the word may be defined differently depending on whether we focus on its representation, the thought which it expresses, or purely formal criteria Therefore, up to now, there have been many definitions of the term “word” from different aspects Among many different definitions, we can accept the two following ones, which seem to be the most satisfactory: In Hoµng TÊt Tr-êng (1993:11), “A word is a dialectical unity of form and content, independent unit of language to form a sentence by itself” According to Ngun Hoµ, “Words are regarded as the smallest indivisible meaningful units of a language which can operate independently 1.1.2 The meaning of word There are two main types of meaning found in words: lexical meaning and grammatical meaning Lexical meaning is the realization of concept or emotion Grammatical meaning is what unites words with different lexical meanings These meanings exist in word, they not exist in conciousness of people Different forms of the word will share the same lexical meaning, but different grammatical meanings: teach- teaches- teaching- taught, for example Different words may share the same grammatical meaning but different lexical meanings For example, “love”, “hate”, “eat”, and “drink” are verbs Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University x A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting eating in English (Mỗi cô ta đến lại chơi, cô ta ăn nhà lu«n) (15:604) Eat oneself sick on something: to eat so much that feel ill This idiom is equal to ăn nhiều đến mức cảm thấy hay bị nôn oẹ in Vietnamese - The children would eat themselves sick on chocolate if I let them (Bän trỴ ăn sôcôla đến mức nôn oẹ cho phép chúng ăn tự do) (15:604) Eat into something: destroy gradually, or erode (literal meaning) In Vietnamese, this idiom means phá huỷ, phân huỷ, ăn mòn - Acids eat into metals (Axit ăn mòn kim loại) - Aicd rain is eating into the stone walls (M-a axit ®ang phá huỷ dần t-ờng đá) Or waste something (figurative meaning): tiêu phí - Paying for that new carpet has been eaten into my savings (Chi tiªu mua thảm đà lẹm vào khoản tiền tiÕt kiƯm cđa t«i) (15:604) Eat out: to eat meal in a restaurant “¡n ë nhµ hµng” is its Vietnamese equivalent - We go to the movies once a month and eat out every couple of months (Chóng t«i xem phim tháng lần ăn nhà hàng hai tháng lần) (7:394) What is eating somebody? (usually in progressive) to make somebody worry or annoy - Tom is very quiet tonight – what is eating him? Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xxxvii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English (Tèi Tom rÊt nói lo lắng chuyện vậy?) (15:603) This idiom means gây buồn phiền, lo lắng cho ai” in Vietnamese Having somebody eating out of one’s hand: to control somebody completely and make them every wish In Vietnamese, this idiom means “Hoµn toµn chi phối khiến họ phải làm theo ý muốn cđa m×nh” - Once they knew that they could never hope to escape without his help, he had them eating out of his hand (Mét hä biÕt hä sÏ không mong trốn thoát không nhờ ông ta giúp, họ đành làm theo sai khiến ông ta) (15:604) Eat somebody up (especially in passive): to haunt or to worry In order to convey this idiom, the Vietnamese always uses the following words: ám ảnh, lo âu, chết dần - Jealousy is eating him up (Lòng đố kỵ làm chết dần chết mòn) - She has been eaten up with envy (Cô bị ám ảnh tính ghen tuông) - Pride is eating her up (Tính kiêu căng dần giết chết c« Êy) (Lac viet mtd2002, EVA) Dogs eat dogs: to compete drastically, regardless of harming or hurting others - In the modern business world, it is dogs eat dog in the search for success (Trong thÕ giíi kinh doanh đại, tìm kiếm thành công có nghĩa cá lớn nuốt cá bé) Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xxxviii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English “Cuéc tranh đua tàn nhẫn, sát phạt lẫn are its equivalents in Vietnamese Sometimes, we use the verb “to eat” in the following sentences in order to joke I will eat my head / hat: an expression affirms something will never happen (usually following with if – clause in order to show the doubt) - They are always late – if they get here before eight o’clock, I will eat my head (Hä lu«n lu«n tíi trƠ - nÕu họ mà đến tr-ớc gọi lộn đầu xuống đất) - Well, if that car starts, I will eat my hat (NÕu chiÕc xe nổ máy đ-ợc, đầu xuống ®Êt) (15:604) Well, don’t eat me! (a humorous expression) (Này, định ăn thịt à!) (Lac Viet mtd2002 EVA) Have one’s cake and eat it (usually in negative statements) - I will have no money at all left after this holiday But you are having a great time, aren’t you You can not have your cake and eat it! (Tôi không đồng sau kỳ nghỉ Nh-ng anh tận h-ởng thời gian thú vị, phải không? Đ-ợc c¸i kia!) - He wants a regular income but does not want to work He can not have his cake and eat it! (Anh ta muèn cã mét thu nhËp đặn nh-ng không muốn làm việc Anh ta đ-ợc mà không làm kia) (15:260) He/ she won’t eat you: used to encourage or foster Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xxxix A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English - Come on, Emma, Father christmas won’t eat you! If you go closer, he will give you a present! (Mạnh dạn lên nào, Emma, ông già Nôen không ăn thịt cháu đâu mà sợ! Nếu cháu đến gần ông, ông cho quà!) (15:604) 2.3 Proverbs containing the verb “to eat” in English and their Vietnamese equivalents In our daily lives, sometimes, we usually consider eating as a simple problem However, in fact, it is not true so because by means of way to eat that we can know the manners and virtue of one person We still usually use proverb “Eat to live but not live to eat” to condem people who are coarse eaters, whenever also think to eat without paying attention to another Followings are some proverbs contain the verb “to eat” in English and its Vietnamese equivalents Eat at pleasure, drink with measure (It means “Don’t force someone to something without exceeding their abilities”) Its Vietnamese equivalent: Tưu bÊt kh¶ Ðp Eat, drink and be merry, for tomorrow you die (It means “to encourage someone to enjoy the life while they are alive, should not think to the future ) Its Vietnamese equivalent: Khi vui, vui lấy kẻo già Cơn men dốc giang hà ch-a say Eaten bread is soon forgotten (It means “Human beings are usually quickly ungrateful) Its Vietnamese equivalent: Ăn cháo, đá bát Eating and scratching want but a beginning Ngun ThÞ Hång Th¾m - 45E1 English - Vinh University xl A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English (It means “The greedy is always only to think about food) Its Vietnamese equivalent: Ăn cỗ tr-ớc, lội n-ớc theo sau Eating brings an appetite (It means “Profit stimulates human beings desire) Its Vietnamese equivalent: Thấy bở đào m·i Fools make feast and wise men eat them (It means “The fools are usually easily cheated) Its Vietnamese equivalent: Cốc mò, cò xơi He that will eat the kernel must crack the nut Or: He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree (It means “Only work help human being’s life become better) In order to convey the proverbs, we have equivalents in Vietnamese such as: - Muốn ăn lăn vào bếp - Muốn ăn hét phải đào giun The cat would eat fish but is loth wet her feet (It means “The lazybones is still lazy forever) This proverb is equal to “Ngåi mát lại đòi ăn bát vàng in Vietnamese The proof of the pudding is in eating (It means “In misfortune we just know how everyone lives”) This proverb is equal to “Lưa thư vµng, gian nan thư søc” in Vietnamese Dog does not eat dog (It means “Fellow-creature never harm each other”) This proverb is equal to “Hïm d÷ không ăn thịt in Vietnamese Dog eats dog (This proverb is completely opposite with the above one It means “Fellowcreature also can harm each other”) This proverb is equal to “Nåi da nÊu thÞt” in Vietnamese Ngun ThÞ Hång Th¾m - 45E1 English - Vinh University xli A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English 2.4 Summary In this chapter, we only show some shades of meaning of the verb “to eat” with its synonyms Besides, we also introduce some idioms and proverbs containing the verb “to eat” in English and its equivalents in Vietnamese In idioms, we tried to give some examples containing the verbs “to eat” in order to help the readers understand and master their usages as well as their meanings In proverbs, we tried to find out their equivalents in Vietnamese in order to clarify the meanings of proverbs in English Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xlii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Chapter 3: Some suggestions for teaching and learning the verb “to eat” Each language has its own rules and characteristics Especially, English and Vietnamese are two different language, therefore, making mistakes in learning process are unavoidable In order to help Vietnamese learners eliminate common mistakes, we find it necessary to find out them, and show some measures to get learners correct them and improve their abilities in learning process 3.1 Common mistakes Vietnamese learners usually face to the interference and influence of mother tongue when learning English, especially they are often influenced by Vietnamese grammar Hence, when translating a sentence from Vietnamese into English, they usually use their previous mother tongue experience as a means of organizing the second language data As a result, they make mistakes easily Moreover, mistakes are often caused by the lack of intention, carelessness of learners even they knew the rules of grammar what they are doing In Vietnamese, when translating a Vietnamese sentence into an English one containing the verb ăn, learners often use directly the verb eat without paying attention to its specific sense as well as situation and context in which it is used This is also the result of imposing mechanically language, translating word by word For example, when translating the sentence Gia đình thường ăn sáng vào lúc 6.30 into English, many pupils use the verb eat to translate the meaning of word ăn, but not “have” My family often eats breakfast at 6.30 o’clock Meanwhile, English people use as follow: Ngun ThÞ Hång Th¾m - 45E1 English - Vinh University xliii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English My family often has breakfast at 6.30 o’clock Thus, we should remember that English people say: “have breakfast”, “have lunch” and “have dinner”, but not “eat breakfast”, “eat lunch’ and “eat dinner” Furthermore, the errors in concord are often also made by Vietnamese learners English is quite different from Vietnamese since it is an inflectional language When using English, learners must pay much attention to the tense, mood, number, gender, but in Vietnamese they not so Therefore, Vietnamese learners studying English at first are not familiar with these concepts and often get confused Of course, the misuse of the forms of “eat” is not also exceptional For example: In Vietnamese In english - Hoa th-ờng ăn bánh mỳ vào - Hoa often eat / eats bread every buổi sáng morning - Hoa ăn bánh mỳ víi b¹n cđa - Hoa eat / is eating bread with her cô friend - Sáng Hoa đà ăn bánh mỳ với bơ - Hoa eat / ate bread with butter this morning 3.2 Some ways to eliminate the mistakes 3.2.1 Some advices Finding out the mistakes is not an easy thing, correcting them is even more difficult The basic mistakes made by Vietnamese learners are mostly caused by mother tongue interference Therefore, the first and also the most important thing is that learners should not abuse their mother tongue in the process of learning foreign language Thus, some following advice may be Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xliv A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English useful in learning the verb “to eat” in particular, and the ordinary verbs in general - Master the basic forms of verb “to eat” and its synonyms so that we can translate well in all contexts - Try to find out the mistakes as well as the reasons for these mistakes After that, try to correct them to limit or avoid making mistakes later - Do exercises and practise regularly with friends, teachers to have a comprehensive understanding of this verb as well as its synonyms 3.2.2 Some teaching suggestions Being a student of English and an English teacher in the future, we understand and are very concerned with this problem In order to help Vietnamese learners avoid making above referred mistakes when teaching the verb “to eat”, teachers should explain the usage and the meaning of it for their students to understand with the following suggestions: Firstly, we should write the forms of the verb “to eat” on the board and then give simple examples as many as possible Secondly, we write some popular synonyms of the verb “to eat” on the board, explain their senses as well as usages and give simple examples as many as possible In addition, we also can give some idioms and proverbs containing the verb “to eat” with their meanings fourthly, we should ask learners to make some sentences basing on the forms of the verb “to eat”, after learners have given their sentences, having them define the tense of the sentence to check their understanding, without looking at the examples on the board Finally, we get learners to make the sentences as they can Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xlv A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English 3.2.3 Suggested types of exercises for teaching and learning the verb “to eat” Type I Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form You mustn’t (eat) ………………… food in the classroom Don and Tony are at a restaurant at present They (eat) ……………………… dinner Trang had a big breakfast this morning She (eat) ……………………… a loaf of bread and three eggs I like (eat) ………………………… oranges, but I hate peeling them Sue was not hungry, so she (not eat) …………………………… anything Nhung is very hungry now because she (not eat) ………………… enough this morning She only (eat) …………………… a small piece of bread and drank a glass of milk Vegetarians (not eat) ………………………… meat or fish It is difficult to get used to (eat) …………………………… with chopsticks Type II Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences You will be ill if you so much A will eat B are eating C eat D ate I am hungry I anything since a.m A hasn’t eaten B haven’t eated C haven’t eaten D don’t eat I rarely eat ice-cream now but I _ it when I was a child A eat B used to eat C would eat D didn’t use to eat If you less, you would not be healthy enough A ate B eat C have eaten D has eaten I felt sick after _ that food Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xlvi A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English A eat B ate C having eaten D eating I rarely out because everything is too expensive A eat B go C give D make Type III Put the words in order to make meaningful sentences Means/ avariety of/ without/ anyhting/ eating/ balanced diet/ you/ much/ foods/ of/ eat/ too Eat/ enjoy/ you/ should/ you/ much/ can/ the food/ but/ too/ have/not Drink/ did/ you/ yesterday/ eat/ what/ and? Do/ you/ often/ what/ eat/ breakfast/ for? He/ very/ ate/ was/ like a horse/ so/ ,/ Paul/ hungry Friends/ eating/ are/ with/ common/ the/ and/ talking/ ways/ most/ relaxing/ of/ at/ many/ in/ recess/ coutries Type IV Match a word in A with its definition or meaning in B A B to fast a to eat steadily with a marked action of the jaw to scoff b to eat quickly, noisily and greedily to nibble c to eat too much to diet d to eat eagerly and fast to gobble e to eat voraciously to munch f to eat small amounts to overeat g to eat less in order to lose weight to devour h to stop eating for religious reasons Type V Translate into English §Ĩ cã søc kháe chóng ta ph¶i rưa tay tr-íc ăn uống n-ớc đun sôi Nếu bạn muốn giảm cân bạn không nên ăn nhiều kẹo Đó bánh cứng ăn đ-ợc Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xlvii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting eating in English Tr-ớc John ch-a dùng đũa để ăn Bác sĩ khuyên nên ăn nhiều rau hoa Type VI Translate into Vietnamese You had not better eat too many candies because they are not good for your teeth It seems healthy to eat a lot of fruit That restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there Workers eat lunch at the company cafeteria at least twice a week Eating healthy food is good for us 3.3 Summary In this chapter, we only show common mistakes which learners usually make when using the verb in the sentence and give some ways to help learners eliminate them and improve their abilities in learning process Besides, we also show some suggestions for teaching the verb “to eat” in particular as well as the ordinary verbs in general with some suggested types of exercises for teaching and learning the verb “to eat Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University xlviii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English Part III: Conclusion Summary In this study, we only introduce an overview of the verb “to eat” in English and its Vietnamese equivalents We hope that this will be an interesting and useful teaching and learning material for those who are interested in English verbs, especially the verb “to eat” and its synonyms The study of this verb is only a small part in the total study about English grammer Through this study, we can find the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English However, the restriction of documents, knowlegde, and times are the reasons why mistakes are unavoidable We would be very grateful to receive all your attention as well as comments, remarks and advices to make this thesis more perfect Suggestions for further research Within the scope of a graduation paper, dealing with all aspects relating to the verb “to eat” is out of question This study serves as the first step in a study on the meaning as well as its synonyms Further studies can be done on related topics such as: - A study of hidden lessons through proverbs containing the verb “to eat” both in English and Vietnamese - A study on culture of eating between two countries England and Vietnam - A contrastive analysis on English and Vietnamese idioms referring to eating - A contrastive analysis on the verbs denoting “eating” in English and Vietnamese Ngun ThÞ Hång Th¾m - 45E1 English - Vinh University xlix A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting “eating” in English References Hoa Vinh, ThÞ LƯ et al, (2005), Vietnamese English Dictionary NXB Thống kê Hoàng Tất Tr-ờng, (1993), Basic English Lexicology NXB Tr-ờng Đại học S- phạm ngoại ngữ Hà Nội Hornby, A.S, (2000), Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Oxford University Press Internet http://www.google.com.vn/ search.lexical field Internet http://www.answers.com/topic/eat L¹c ViƯt, Multimedia tool for building Multilingual Dictionaries Longman, Language Activator – The world’s first production Dictionary, Longman Corpus Network Ngun Hoµ, (2001), An Introduction to Semantics, NXB Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội Nguyễn Hoà, (2004), Understanding English Semantics NXB Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội 10 Nguyễn Mạnh Hùng and Lê Quốc Hạnh, 2003), English Lexicology, NXB Giáo dục 11 Nguyễn Lân, (1997), Từ điển thành ngữ tục ngữ Việt Nam, NXB Khoa học Xà hội 12 Phạm Văn Bình, (1999), Tục ngữ n-ớc Anh thành ngữ tiếng Anh giàu hình ảnh NXB Hải Phòng 13 Simpson, J, (1982), The concise Oxford dictionary of proverbs London: Oxford University Press 14 Trần Đức Các, (1995), Tục ngữ với số thể loại văn học, NXB Khoa học Xà hội 15 Trần Văn Ph-ớc, Vĩnh Bá et al, (2002), English – Vietnamese Dictionary Encyclopaedia Pulishing House 16 Tom McAthur, Lexicon of Contemporary English Longman 17 Yule, G, The study of language, Cup Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University l A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting eating in English Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University li .. .A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting ? ?eating? ?? in English Vinh university Department of foreign languages - A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting ? ?eating? ?? in english. .. iii A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting ? ?eating? ?? in English Abstract In every language, the verb (V) plays the most important role among the units: S, V, O, C and A in forming the construction... the author studies on the verbs and verb phrases denoting eating in English Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm - 45E1 English - Vinh University iv A study on the verbs and verb phrases denoting ? ?eating? ?? in
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