Trang 3 DECLARATION I am hereby confirming that the graduation thesis titled "A study on the perceptions and attitudes of English teachers in using Wordwall.net to teach children at Drea
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
The swift advancement of technology has ushered in a new era where communication transcends distance, making long-distance interaction across regions, countries, and continents possible through the Internet The COVID-19 pandemic, which erupted globally in early 2020, has significantly impacted all facets of human life, including language education.
To mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Education in Vietnam swiftly shifted from in-person to virtual learning, recognizing online education as a vital strategy for resuming normal teaching and curbing virus transmission (Chen et al., 2020) This rapid transition forced children to move from essential face-to-face interactions to prolonged screen time Fortunately, many schools had already implemented online educational tools, enabling a smoother shift to online courses As noted by Almaiah et al (2020), various learning approaches such as mobile learning, e-learning, and flipped classrooms emerged in response to school closures Educational apps like Zoom, Google Classroom, Kahoot!, Blackboard, and Quizizz quickly demonstrated their effectiveness, addressing students' mental health and enhancing their learning experiences These platforms present challenging tasks and puzzles, helping learners grasp concepts more effectively (Ausubel in Laali, 2019) Pambudi (2022) emphasized that significant growth occurs when learners connect new information with existing knowledge, making engaging and challenging tasks essential for a valuable education This innovative approach to learning fosters excitement and motivation among students.
Student-centered learning prioritizes students as the main focus of educational activities, aiming to enhance their motivation, skills, and cognitive abilities (Haddar & Juliano, 2021) Unlike traditional methods where the teacher is the central figure, this approach allows for flexible learning environments Educational applications enable students to learn anytime and anywhere, whether in a café or a park, breaking free from the constraints of set class schedules This flexibility not only saves time and money by eliminating the need for transportation but also allows students to engage with their studies more effectively.
Accessing educational resources and class materials has never been easier, allowing for time savings and efficient learning Key features include quick updates, portability, and the opportunity for continuous education Additionally, these programs are cost-effective, offering learners flexible payment options such as installment plans or pay-per-session Overall, they provide a convenient solution for ongoing online teaching and learning, even in the post-pandemic era.
As technology transforms education, the role of teachers is shifting from merely being subject experts to facilitators who help students navigate and interpret the vast array of available information and technological tools Effectively integrating these resources into the classroom presents its own challenges In the digital age, educators have access to numerous apps and websites that enhance learning experiences and make studying more engaging.
Popular educational tools like Kahoot, Quizizz, and Wordwall.net aim to enhance student engagement and perceptions Despite their widespread use, there is limited research on their effectiveness in teaching, especially from a teacher's viewpoint Thus, it is essential for researchers to explore the perceptions and attitudes of English teachers regarding the use of Wordwall.net in teaching children at Dream Sky English Center.
Aims of the study
The current study aims to investigate teachers' perceptions and attitudes toward using Wordwall.net in the classroom at Dream Sky English Center In more detail, this study explores:
(1) Attitudes and perceptions of teachers working at the center toward Wordwall.net
(2) Wordwall.net's impact on student learning
To accomplish such goals, this study attempts to answer the following research questions:
(1) What experience do the teachers have after they have used Wordwall.net to teach English at Dream Sky English Center?
(2) What are Wordwall’s effects on student learning based on teachers’ perceptions?
Scope of the study
This study focuses on providing comprehensive insights into Wordwall.net, examining teachers' perceptions and reactions to the platform, as well as its impact on student learning The primary participants in this research are current teachers from the Dream Sky English Center, representing various nationalities, including both Vietnamese and foreign educators.
Significance of the study
This study aims to explore teachers' perceptions and attitudes towards Wordwall.net, specifically among educators at Dream Sky English Center The researcher seeks to enhance the positive impact of Wordwall on student learning outcomes Ultimately, this research is anticipated to benefit both teachers and students by providing valuable insights into the effective use of Wordwall in the classroom.
Wordwall serves as a reliable resource for students, offering an effective platform for learning English By creating a fun and engaging learning environment, it helps maintain student interest and participation in class activities.
This study aims to help English teachers and lecturers evaluate the effectiveness of Wordwall as a teaching tool Additionally, it provides insights on how to formally integrate Wordwall into their curriculum and explore alternative educational resources.
4 appropriate and useful teaching methods that are proper to their children's present ability.
Structure of the study
This research is divided into five chapters, which are as follows:
This chapter outlines the aim of the study, the reason for conducting the study, the research questions, the research purposes, the scope, the significance, and the dissertation design
This chapter describes prior research on Wordwall.net as an online teaching tool and provides the theoretical framework
This chapter explains how the investigation was conducted The participants, setting, data-gathering technique, and findings of the study are all described
(4) Chapter IV: Findings and Discussion
The outcomes of the questionnaire data analysis are summarized in this chapter
This chapter highlights the study's main findings and stresses their significance and implications The study's shortcomings and future research directions are addressed as well
LITERATURE REVIEW
Perceptions and attitudes
Perception refers to our sensory experience of the environment, allowing us to become aware of objects and relationships through our senses (Kendra Cherry, 2023) This process plays a crucial role in how we learn about and interact with our surroundings.
Perception relies on cognitive abilities that help individuals interpret information, such as using memory to identify familiar faces or scents Through this perceptual process, we become aware of and react to environmental cues, engaging our five senses: touch, sight, sound, smell, and taste Constantly surrounded by an overwhelming array of stimuli, perception serves as a filter, enabling us to navigate our surroundings effectively without being overwhelmed by the sheer volume of information.
Perception is the process by which organisms analyze and organize sensory input to develop an awareness of their external environment (Lindsay & Norman, 1977) For instance, when teaching at a computer, your brain processes tactile information from clothing and pressure on your body, auditory signals from sounds or music, background noise affecting your ears, and visual data from the screen Additionally, it includes self-perceived information about the position of your body parts This integration of sensory data into a cohesive understanding of an action is termed perception.
Attitude is intricately linked to perception, defined as a neurological and mental state shaped by experience This state of willingness significantly influences how individuals respond to various situations and stimuli.
Attitude reflects an individual's perspective and tendency to behave in specific ways shaped by their life experiences and disposition It encompasses identity, opinions, principles, behaviors, and motivations, influencing how one views situations, such as learning For instance, contrasting phrases like "He has a positive attitude toward learning" and "She has a poor learning attitude" illustrate differing perspectives on the same subject In the context of educational apps, a person's attitude involves their cognitive opinions, emotional responses, and the behaviors they engage in while using these tools for teaching.
An attitude consists of three key components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral, forming the tri-component model of attitudes The cognitive aspect encompasses our beliefs and thoughts, often reflected in stereotypes, such as the notion that "Girls are quieter and more patient than boys." The affective component relates to the emotions we experience, like anxiety or sympathy, exemplified by Minh's dislike for learning at a particular center Lastly, the behavioral component signifies our tendencies to act in certain ways, as seen when students may avoid completing difficult exercises It's important to note that our intentions may not always align with our actual behaviors.
Figure 2.1 The tri-component model of attitudes
2.1.3 Factors affect perception and attitude
Individual perceptions and attitudes are shaped by a variety of factors, including beliefs, experiences, and abilities In the workplace, several common influences on perception and behavior emerge, particularly stereotypes and the halo effect.
Stereotypes are fixed and overly generalized beliefs about specific groups of individuals (Saul Mcleod, 2023) Although they can help simplify our understanding of a complex world, relying on stereotypes can lead to negative consequences when they promote an inaccurate view of diverse populations.
Many parents of children across genders often perceive gender stereotypes as inherited traits They believe that girls are naturally nurturing, sensitive, and drawn to the color pink, while boys are seen as independent, competitive, and aggressive However, research indicates that boys' and girls' brains are similar at birth and develop based on individual education and experiences.
8 not their biological gender Although there are sometimes gaps in test results between boys and girls, these can be clarified through education and lifestyle
Despite outward appearances of normalcy, significant disparities exist in educational opportunities and societal standards based on gender Many people hold the misconception that girls are inherently less capable in math, leading to pressure for them to pursue non-science careers As a result, girls often become disinterested in science courses Similarly, boys face challenges in language arts, associating it with femininity, which diminishes their interest.
"naturally" incapable of achieving something may render it more difficult for pupils to continue in school
As boys and girls develop, they are encouraged to cultivate different skills associated with their gender, leading to varying outcomes in these areas Additionally, teenagers tend to engage more in activities they are familiar with and feel comfortable participating in.
Customizing education to fit each student's unique traits and skills is essential for motivating academic success It's important for all students to be encouraged to select subjects they can easily understand, free from the constraints of gender stereotypes To achieve this, students should be supported in discovering and developing skills that are often associated with the opposite gender.
The halo effect, as defined by Bethel (2010), is a cognitive bias where an overall positive evaluation of an individual leads to the assumption of additional favorable traits For example, if a student is perceived as well-behaved and engaged, one may unconsciously attribute qualities such as intelligence to them as well.
The concept of a 'halo' originates from religious beliefs, symbolizing a radiant ring of light positioned around the heads of saints to signify their holiness Many artworks from the Middle Ages and Renaissance showcase significant figures enveloped in this divine glow, highlighting their spiritual importance.
These images effectively evoke positive emotions in viewers, highlighting the importance of individual characteristics According to Ellis (2018), a unique trait of a person can significantly influence how observers perceive and form opinions about them.
Web-based learning
2.2.1 Definitions of web-based learning
The World Wide Web (WWW) is an online network that connects resources through digital content, serving as an electronic platform for distributing information via the Internet Comprising numerous sites, the web offers a wealth of information on various themes, commonly referred to as websites.
A website is a collection of interconnected online pages, each providing detailed information, known as webpages (MDN Contributors, 2021) Both websites and webpages can be accessed through links on the internet Web-based learning, as defined by Robert Zheng (2008), utilizes the Internet as an educational medium to facilitate various learning tasks tailored to the specific demands of the curriculum.
Online learning can be categorized into two formats: fully online education, where lessons occur exclusively over the internet without direct teacher-student interaction, and a hybrid model, where teachers and students engage both online and in-person for half of the course duration This internet-based education can be integrated into existing educational programs as a comprehensive course or serve as a supplementary resource alongside traditional studies.
Online learning, also referred to as e-learning, utilizes internet-based resources and platforms to facilitate education This approach enables email discussions, videoconferencing, and real-time seminars, creating an interactive online classroom environment (McKimm et al., 2003) Essentially, web-based learning is a structured method that leverages the internet as a primary tool, integrating various websites to enhance diverse learning activities.
Web-based learning leverages advanced technology for both teachers and students, making the internet essential for classroom activities Unlike traditional classrooms, which rely on face-to-face interactions, textbooks, and various teaching methods, web-based learning introduces innovative approaches that cannot be integrated into conventional settings In offline learning environments, all educational components are readily available, eliminating the need for web-based tools.
Web-based learning is beneficial for both online and offline education, serving as a comprehensive resource for course materials, evaluations, and exercises in online learning In traditional education, it enhances in-person classes by providing access to online resources While initially designed for high-tech online programs where both teachers and students engage with technology, web-based learning can also be effectively integrated into traditional classrooms where teachers utilize technology, even if students do not.
2.2.3 Benefits and drawbacks of web-based learning
2.2.3.1 Benefits of web-based learning
Web-based learning presents both advantages and disadvantages influenced by the learning activity's purpose and the institution's goals, including participant demographics Its benefits vary based on the type and intended use of the learning platform, much like how a table's utility depends on its design and function Notably, web-based learning transcends geographical barriers, offering flexibility in time management, which is crucial for both educators and students This modality allows learners to participate in the same lessons regardless of their location, proving especially beneficial in areas where instructor expertise is limited Additionally, web-based learning enables students to engage with content at their convenience, in contrast to traditional seminars, and offers personalized instruction tailored to individual needs and pace This customization can be enhanced through responsive guidance systems that adapt to students' unique learning profiles, including their prior knowledge, motivation, and behavioral tendencies.
Web-based learning facilitates the analysis and tracking of educational goals, offering the same flexibility in scheduling as online educational activities It enables quick, personalized feedback and serves a managerial role by systematically documenting learning activities and competencies This record-keeping can verify the materials studied by learners and their success in final examinations, enhancing the overall learning experience.
Web-based learning significantly enhances the online teaching and learning experience for both educators and students Its primary advantage is adaptability, allowing teachers to gather extensive information from the internet and share it seamlessly with their students This accessibility empowers learners to engage with resources from any location, fostering a flexible learning environment Additionally, web-based learning facilitates communication through online chat rooms, bridging distances effectively Even in the absence of live classes, it supports the instructional process by providing essential documents to students, ensuring continuous learning opportunities.
2.2.3.2 Drawbacks of web-based learning
While web-based learning offers flexibility and convenience, it also presents significant downsides, including increased social isolation and costs (Cook, 2007) The independence afforded by online courses can lead to a lack of interaction among students and between students and instructors, fostering a sense of isolation Additionally, simply converting traditional materials to online formats does not guarantee effective learning outcomes The financial investment required for developing quality online content can be substantial, often ranging from hundreds to millions of dollars Furthermore, each online lesson demands time that could be allocated to other pursuits, and instructors may overlook the total time required to complete all tasks due to the flexible scheduling of web-based learning.
Technological issues in classrooms, such as running out of markers, are inevitable; however, as educational content increasingly depends on technology, the impact of these issues intensifies While a skilled teacher can manage minor setbacks, significant technical difficulties can disrupt online learning entirely Even small problems can create major obstacles, diminishing student satisfaction and engagement while increasing mental strain, ultimately hindering the learning process.
Introduction to Wordwall.net
Wordwall.net empowers educators to effortlessly create engaging interactive games and printed resources for their students by simply inputting their desired content, while the platform automates the rest With a variety of ready-made templates available, teachers can easily design captivating in-person or virtual classroom activities, making lesson planning more efficient and enjoyable.
Wordwall offers a variety of engaging templates, including anagram, sorting, and cloze problems, alongside popular multiple-choice quizzes like Kahoot! and matching pairs A standout feature of Wordwall is its user-friendly interface that allows educators to effortlessly switch between activity templates without altering the original content (T'helah, 2021) For instance, a quiz designed for homework can easily be transformed into a game show format for classroom review with just one click Additionally, users can generate printable worksheets from the same content in a single step, enhancing versatility and convenience in lesson planning.
In summary, this platform enhances student-paced learning, minimizes reliance on paper worksheets, streamlines preparation time for educators, boosts student engagement, and allows teachers to effectively monitor student progress.
2.3.2 The history of Wordwall.net
In 2006, a teacher at a secondary school in London (UK), had the initial idea for a web- based application He thought that teachers found it difficult to make educational
In 2006, a team of educators developed Wordwall, an innovative application designed to assist teachers in preparing engaging lessons, particularly those that incorporate learning media and interactive activities This resource was inspired by the need for effective classroom tools, including paper and posters for enhancing classroom walls.
Wordwall introduced innovative templates like Flip Tiles, which allowed teachers to input terms that could be reused in various formats, leading to the development of the versatile Switch template feature This foundational idea inspired the company's establishment and transformed Wordwall into a valuable resource for high-tech classrooms equipped with interactive whiteboards and audience response systems However, the platform faced challenges as many teachers struggled to afford the necessary devices, resulting in technical difficulties and limiting Wordwall's popularity and user base for several years.
In 2016, the company launched Wordwall.net, a platform that allows users worldwide to easily create and share educational materials By eliminating the need for expensive gadgets, the software ensures accessibility for all The primary objective is to make the product user-friendly and intuitive for everyone.
2.3.3 The use of Wordwall.net in teaching and learning
Wordwall.net offers a diverse array of educational resources, making it a valuable tool for teachers and learning material creators, particularly in language education The website features interactive activities and game templates that enhance vocabulary learning Additionally, it incorporates a concept similar to the traditional word wall strategy, which groups words to facilitate language teaching and understanding.
In conventional schooling, the instructor prepares sheets with a specific word on each one, which are then displayed prominently on the whiteboard or classroom walls The chosen words are based on the subject matter being studied.
Researchers will conduct daily treatments focused on specific traits, prompting students to guess the correct vocabulary words displayed on the wall This engaging approach has proven effective in enhancing learners' vocabulary comprehension in various studies.
Wordwall.net also promotes this method The difference is that teachers no longer show explanations when providing hints to the term A similar pattern, for example, is the
In a classroom setting, a game designer teacher presents a list of vocabulary terms for students to incorporate into their group activities, promoting self-directed learning Wordwall.net offers templates primarily focused on vocabulary enhancement; however, its game concepts, while engaging, may be limited in complexity for sentence construction The platform encourages students to learn from their mistakes, as incorrect word selections prompt them to revisit the game, reinforcing their memory of the vocabulary through repetition and correction.
2.3.4 The pros and cons of Wordwall.net
Wordwall.net offers several benefits and drawbacks as an educational tool for both instructors and learners According to Ar-Rahmah (2021), its advantages include engaging features, a variety of interactive games, automated results, printable materials, and easy accessibility As a web-based platform, Wordwall.net allows learners to participate in games that provide immediate scoring, which is then communicated to the instructor Additionally, teachers can conveniently print resources in PDF format for traditional classroom use, and both educators and students can easily access Wordwall.net on their mobile devices.
While Wordwall.net offers valuable educational tools, it has notable drawbacks, such as the potential for student collaboration or cheating without teacher oversight (Subekti, 2021) Additionally, the platform's effectiveness is significantly dependent on a reliable internet connection, which can limit accessibility for some users.
The misuse of electronic devices can lead to negative outcomes, including diminished face-to-face interactions between teachers and students This reduction in personal communication may hinder the development of students' speaking skills and confidence.
Review of previous research on using Wordwall.net to teach children
Research on the Wordwall.net application remains limited compared to more popular platforms like Kahoot and Quizizz, which have been extensively studied for their effectiveness in enhancing vocabulary knowledge among students While many educators utilize well-known tools such as Quizlet and Kahoot for experimental purposes, Esra Çil's study uniquely highlights the potential of Wordwall.net, a lesser-known web service that employs games for vocabulary development.
A study conducted in 2021 examined the effects of Wordwall.net on enhancing vocabulary among fifth-grade students in a Turkish public school, with participants divided into control and experimental groups Over a three-week period, data was collected through pre-tests and post-tests, revealing significant variations within groups but minimal differences in post-test results between them While the findings indicated some advantages of using a web-based application, it did not outperform traditional vocabulary teaching methods Limitations of the research included the short program duration and a small participant pool, suggesting that comparing different educational resources over a brief timeframe may not yield comprehensive insights into their effectiveness Future studies should incorporate additional vocabulary, particularly words unfamiliar to students, to better assess improvements in vocabulary development and consider these factors when utilizing similar tools.
Shereen Shamala (2022) conducted research on the use of Wordwall.net to enhance student engagement in language learning The study aimed to assess the impact of Wordwall on student involvement in English as a Second Language (ESL) classes and to explore students' perceptions of this educational tool.
In a study conducted with 24 secondary school pupils in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, the integration of Wordwall into the classroom significantly enhanced student engagement and understanding of the English language learning process in ESL settings Research by Paksi et al (2023) highlights that teachers found Wordwall.net to be an effective learning medium, reporting increased student interest and satisfaction Similarly, Rahmawati and Wijayanti (2022) noted that the use of Wordwall.net during lessons fostered a more cheerful and enthusiastic learning environment The app's recording feature also proved beneficial for teachers, allowing them to efficiently review student performance without the need for individual assessments.
Despite limited research on Wordwall.net's impact on scientific knowledge, the author is keen to investigate this topic This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Wordwall.net platform in enhancing teaching and learning for children, with a specific focus on teachers' perceptions and attitudes towards the tool.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Locale of the study
According to Nadim Nsouli (2020), technology-driven learning is set to revolutionize educational practices In the current digital era, the use of web-based learning tools like Wordwall has become increasingly prevalent in classrooms, aiming to enhance learning outcomes and improve student performance despite the introduction of new teaching methods A study conducted at Dream Sky English Center focused on teachers who will be engaged there until April 2023, inviting both foreign and Vietnamese educators to participate in the survey and share their insights.
Participants
This research examines the perspectives of teachers at Dream Sky English Center who utilized the Wordwall.net application in their classrooms, based on a comprehensive survey distributed to all teachers irrespective of age, gender, or teaching experience The questionnaire was equitably shared among both Vietnamese and foreign educators, yielding approximately 25 to 30 participants from each group, ensuring a neutral and reliable study Notably, the survey did not consider the sexual orientation of respondents, as female teachers constituted a significant majority of the English teaching staff at the center.
Nationality The number of participants
Research design
This study employs a descriptive methodology with a quantitative approach to examine perceptions and behaviors within a community context Descriptive techniques, as noted by Whitney in Paksi and Sari (2021), are essential for exploring societal issues, community attitudes, and behaviors stemming from specific events or phenomena Quantitative research methods, including questionnaires, structured observations, and experiments, facilitate the collection of data on attitudes, beliefs, and experiences in a standardized manner (Creswell, 2005) Researchers aim to objectively characterize current events and establish relationships between variables (Mertler, 2016), with the intention of achieving broader generalization through their findings This study utilizes straightforward quantitative methods, incorporating tables, averages, medians, and mean values, to interpret data in relation to existing theories and reveal underlying realities.
Anonymous surveys can reduce peer pressure and social desirability bias Research by Paulhus (1984) found that when participants were asked to provide personal information, they reported more favorable personality traits compared to when they were instructed to remain anonymous.
Research instrument
In this investigation, a questionnaire was utilized as the primary research instrument, adhering to Muijs' (2004) recommendation to keep it brief to enhance response rates and minimize nonrespondents The researcher carefully selected and integrated relevant questions, ensuring clarity and brevity while designing the digital questionnaire The shift to an online format leverages the rapid growth of technology and social media, allowing for efficient mass distribution and quicker data collection at a lower cost compared to traditional methods Additionally, digital survey platforms offer valuable data analysis tools However, potential drawbacks exist, such as the challenge of providing verbal guidance to participants, which may affect their understanding of the questions, as noted by Crumps, McDonnell, and Gureckis (2013), highlighting the difficulties of communication in an online environment.
The researcher employed five Likert scale points in the survey, which are as follows: 1=Strongly disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Neutral, 4=Agree, 5= Strongly agree
The Likert scale offers the advantage of allowing participants to express nuanced opinions rather than limiting them to a binary yes or no response Respondents can choose from a range of options or indicate neutral feelings, facilitating a more comprehensive understanding of their perspectives Additionally, the data gathered through this method can be effectively analyzed and visualized through graphs, enhancing the presentation of findings.
The whole survey with all of the questions is shown in the appendices There were two sections to the questionnaire The first section asked four demographic questions about
The study examines the impact of age, gender, nationality, and teaching experience on educators' perceptions and attitudes towards Wordwall.net It explores three key areas: first, teachers' experiences with the platform through four targeted questions; second, an analysis of Wordwall.net's features, assessed via six questions; and finally, an investigation into the effects of Wordwall.net on student outcomes, addressed through four additional questions.
Data coding
The survey results will be presented using graphs, tables, and charts based on the collected data Prior to analysis, the questionnaire responses will be encoded and input into SPSS software.
Topic 1: Teachers’ experiences in using Wordwall.net
1 To register on the Wordwall.net site is easy A1
2 It is easy and fast to access the Wordwall.net site
3 I did not have network problems when teaching on Wordwall.net site
4 There are no software errors like promptly shut down or delay
Topic 2: Features of Wordwall.net
1 Teachers can create both interactive and printable activities on Wordwall.net
2 It is easy to create activities using Wordwall template system
3 It provides many choices of interchangeable exercises
4 Teachers can easily customize the pre-made activities to suit their needs
5 Activities can be shared between teachers by making them public
6 Wordwall is available in many different languages
Topic 3: Effects of Wordwall.net on students
1 Wordwall can strongly engage or motivate students to learn
2 It makes students feel happy and interested in the lesson
3 Students pay full attention to activities on
4 Wordwall increases face-to-face interaction in class
To assess the reliability and validity of each variable's components, the SPSS statistical program's Cronbach's Alpha was utilized Reliability refers to the consistency of a metric in measuring a subject, and Cronbach's Alpha quantifies this consistency Prior to data analysis, any elements failing to meet the acceptable reliability threshold set by Cronbach's Alpha are removed from the questionnaire.
After assuring that all elements were reliable, the analyst determined Mean and Standard Deviation before analyzing the data in tables, charts, and graphs
Divide the 5-level Likert measure of the agreement into 5 equal portions and allocate each component according to the value of the measure:
Range of Mean scores Interpretation
Reliability and validity
Cronbach's alpha is a reliability evaluation method that assesses the shared variation among data points relative to total variation (L.M Collins, 2007) It operates on a scale from 0 to 1, where higher values indicate greater agreement among elements, while a value of zero signifies no association and complete independence among components A value of one indicates perfect correlation Typically, values fall between these extremes, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.7 often considered the standard for reliability by analysts At this threshold and above, variables are deemed consistent enough to suggest dependable measurements Values nearing 0.7 are generally seen as the minimum acceptable level, although different sectors may have varying standards for reliability.
Cronbach's alpha values that exceed 0.95 or 0.99 may suggest that some survey questions are redundant, as participants often respond similarly to multiple items This redundancy indicates the potential to eliminate unnecessary questions, although interpretations of what constitutes "too high" can vary across different analysts and research fields.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
Demographic results
Table 4.1: Profiles of participants (NT)
Table 4.1 presents demographic data from 54 teachers involved in the study, revealing that 70.4% are female, while males account for 25.9%, leading to the exclusion of gender figures in the analysis The age distribution shows that 48.1% of teachers are aged 26 to 35, 35.2% are under 25, and 16.7% are over 35 The survey includes a nearly equal number of Vietnamese (55.6%) and foreign teachers (44.4%), with 44.4% having 2 to 5 years of teaching experience, 25.9% with 6 to 10 years, and 18.5% possessing less than 2 years Additionally, 11.1% of the teachers have over 10 years of teaching experience.
Teachers’ experiences in using Wordwall.net
Table 4.2: Reliability statistics of Teachers’ experiences Scale
Scale Mean if Item Deleted
Scale Variance if Item Deleted
To register on the Wordwall.net site is easy
It is easy and fast to access the
I did not have network problems when teaching on
There are no software errors like promptly shut down or delay
The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the four items assessing Teacher's Experiences is 0.733, indicating good reliability as it exceeds the 0.6 threshold Additionally, all Corrected Item-Total Correlation coefficients are above 0.3, confirming the suitability of these items for inclusion in the study.
4.2.2 Findings on teachers’ experiences in using Wordwall.net
Table 4.3: Descriptive statistics on teachers’ experiences in using Wordwall.net
Code Questions Mean Standard deviation
A1 To register on the Wordwall.net site is easy
A2 It is easy and fast to access the
A3 I did not have network problems when teaching on Wordwall.net site
A4 There are no software errors like promptly shut down or delay
Respondents evaluated statements using a 5-level Likert scale, ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5) According to Table 4.3, teachers generally agreed with the survey items, achieving an overall mean score of 4.134 Notably, the highest mean score of 4.39 was recorded for the statement concerning the quick access to the Wordwall.net site.
However, the report on opinions about transmission relating to network problems or software errors encountered by users when accessing Wordwall reached the same lowest mean score (3.91)
Figure 4.1 Teachers’ experiences in using Wordwall.net
The graph illustrates teachers' positive experiences with Wordwall.net, highlighting that 87.1% of the 54 respondents found the registration process easy Only 9.3% remained neutral, and a mere 3.8% faced difficulties Additionally, over half of the teachers (66.7%) reported no network issues while using the Wordwall.net site, indicating a generally smooth experience for educators utilizing this learning tool.
The survey results indicate that the number of teachers who disagreed with the presence of software errors, such as prompt shutdowns or delays, was equal to those who chose a neutral stance The final column of the chart showed minimal variation compared to the previous three, with most teachers maintaining confidence that no software errors exist Only one-third of respondents remained neutral, while 7.4 percent expressed disagreement.
4.2.3 Discussion on teachers’ experiences in using Wordwall.net
Data analysis reveals that most teachers have a positive attitude towards Wordwall, finding the sign-up and website access straightforward Additionally, they experience minimal network or software issues while using Wordwall for teaching These findings are consistent with the research conducted by Paksi et al (2023), which highlights the favorable perceptions teachers have regarding this educational tool.
Wordwall.net app's ease of use is favorable without anyone disagreeing with the statements
Quick and easy access to applications is essential for user satisfaction, as slow access can lead to frustration and hinder learning Positive feedback from teachers suggests that Wordwall.net generally performs well without network issues, largely due to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) This AI-driven functionality enables the application to anticipate user needs based on algorithms, resulting in faster performance and a more supportive user experience (Wordwall.net, 2022).
Features of Wordwall.net
Table 4.4 Reliability statistics of Features of Wordwall.net Scale
Scale Mean if Item Deleted
Scale Variance if Item Deleted
Teachers can create both interactive and printable activities on Wordwall.net
It is easy to create activities using Wordwall template system
It provides many choices of interchangeable exercises
Teachers can easily customize the pre-made activities to suit their needs
Activities can be shared between teachers by making them public
Wordwall is available in many different languages
The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the six items in Features of Wordwall.net is 0.768, indicating good reliability, as it exceeds the threshold of 0.6 Additionally, all Corrected Item-Total Correlation coefficients are above 0.3, further confirming the scales' reliability.
4.3.2 Findings on the features of Wordwall.net
Table 4.5: Descriptive statistics on the features of Wordwall.net
Code Questions Mean Standard deviation
B1 Teachers can create both interactive and printable activities on Wordwall.net
B2 It is easy to create activities using
B3 It provides many choices of interchangeable exercises
B4 Teachers can easily customize the pre- made activities to suit their needs
B5 Activities can be shared between teachers by making them public
B6 Wordwall is available in many different languages
Table 4.5 shows an overall mean agreement score of 3.5 among participants regarding the features of Wordwall.net Notably, items B1 and B2 achieved the highest scores of 3.76, indicating strong agreement that "Teachers can create both interactive and printable activities on Wordwall.net" and that "It is simple to create activities using the Wordwall template system." However, there appears to be some confusion about Wordwall's linguistic diversity, as reflected in the lower mean score of 3.09.
Table 4.6: Features of Wordwall.net
Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree Teachers can create both interactive and printable activities on Wordwall.net
It is easy to create activities using Wordwall template system
It provides many choices of interchangeable exercises
Teachers can easily customize the pre-made activities to suit their needs
Activities can be shared between teachers by making them public
Wordwall is available in many different languages
The data presented in the table highlights the consensus among teachers on the features of Wordwall.net, with a significant number opting for "neutral" and "agree" responses Notably, 50% of respondents affirm their ability to create both interactive and printed activities on the platform, matching the proportion of those who selected "neutral." Furthermore, only 5.6% of teachers expressed disagreement with this statement.
A survey revealed that 31 out of 54 teachers found the Wordwall template system easy for creating activities, while 20 participants expressed uncertainty about its usability Notably, only three students disagreed or strongly disagreed with this assessment.
In a recent survey, it was found that 50% of teachers appreciated the diverse range of interchangeable exercises provided by Wordwall, while the remaining participants opted for the "neutral" section Notably, only 1.9% of respondents expressed disagreement with this assessment.
The research aims to assess the customizability of Wordwall's premade activities for teachers' needs Findings reveal that 46% of teachers agree or strongly agree on the platform's flexibility, while 35.2% express doubts about its customization capabilities Additionally, 18.6% of respondents were undecided on the matter.
"disagree" and "strongly disagree" options
A survey revealed that 55.5 percent of teachers support the idea of sharing activities publicly among educators, while 27.8 percent do not acknowledge this feature, and 16.7 percent remain uncertain about it.
In the final survey question, almost one-third of teachers noted that Wordwall lacks availability in multiple languages However, 46.2% of educators expressed strong agreement or general agreement with this educational tool's positive attributes Additionally, a significant portion, 25.9%, remained neutral on the matter.
4.3.3 Discussion on the features of Wordwall.net
Wordwall.net enhances teacher experiences through its versatile features, allowing educators to select activities for use directly within the app or on paper according to their preferences The creation and implementation of teaching activities on Wordwall have garnered positive feedback from users.
Wordwall is a versatile tool that allows you to create interactive web-based resources for classroom and home use It offers a variety of engaging exercises, often in game format, while also supporting traditional coursebook activities like pairing puzzles Building materials is straightforward, thanks to numerous easy-to-use templates that can be set up in just minutes With free registration, users can create up to five activities, and signing up unlocks the ability to produce an unlimited number of activities, including multiplayer quizzes (Pete, 2019).
Wordwall simplifies the creation of educational activities and allows users to easily swap templates, enhancing classroom engagement With just a click, you can change the template of any created activity, saving time and maximizing efficiency in lesson planning.
Wordwall offers versatile tools for educators to transform learning activities, such as converting a Random Wheel activity into a Flip Tile format using the same subject names Additionally, it allows users to create Matching Pairs, Flash Cards, and various other engaging formats, depending on the original template and content This adaptability enables Wordwall to present information in multiple themes, enhancing the learning experience.
Making materials public on Wordwall.net is the most effective way to share resources with other teachers, allowing them to view and modify each other's work However, many survey respondents are still unclear about how this function works In addition to sharing materials, users can also distribute links to their activity websites through email, social media, and other channels.
The platform allows teachers to discover, play, and enhance community games Initially, activities are set to private; to share them with others, navigate to the task page, click the Share button, and select Make Public You can also add labels for age, topic, and theme, making it easier for fellow educators to find your materials (Wordwall.net, 2022).
Wordwall provides an extensive selection of approximately 40 languages, making it easier for educators to create engaging and enjoyable lessons for students worldwide This diverse language support is prominently highlighted on the Wordwall website and platforms like the Google Workspace Marketplace.
Effects of Wordwall.net on students
Table 4.7: Reliability statistics of Effects of Wordwall.net on students Scale
Scale Mean if Item Deleted
Scale Variance if Item Deleted
Wordwall can strongly engage or motivate students to learn
It makes students feel happy and interested in the lesson
Students pay full attention to activities on Wordwall.net
Wordwall increases face-to- face interaction in class
The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the four items related to Effects is 0.732, exceeding the acceptable threshold of 0.6, as indicated in Table 4.7 Additionally, all Corrected Item-Total Correlation coefficients are above 0.3, confirming that these items are suitable for inclusion in this study.
4.4.2 Findings on the effects of Wordwall.net on students
Table 4.8: Descriptive statistics on the effects of Wordwall.net on students
Code Questions Mean Standard deviation
D1 Wordwall can strongly engage or motivate students to learn
D2 It makes students feel happy and interested in the lesson
D3 Students pay full attention to activities on Wordwall.net
D4 Wordwall increases face-to-face interaction in class
Table 4.8 presents the mean agreement score of 3.944, indicating strong overall support among participants for the effects of Wordwall.net Notably, Item D2 achieved the highest score of 4.31, reflecting teachers' consensus that "It makes students happy and interested in the lesson." Conversely, the statement regarding the enhancement of in-person interactivity in class received the lowest score of 3.54.
Figure 4.2 Effects of Wordwall.net on students
The chart above provides information about teachers' perceptions of the effects of utilizing the Wordwall.net application to teach children This is explained in greater detail below
In a recent survey, 25 out of 54 teachers acknowledged that Wordwall effectively engages and motivates students in their learning process, while only 2 respondents expressed concerns about its ability to excite children The majority of teachers did not provide any additional feedback regarding this issue.
Looking at the second column, more than two-thirds of teachers answered "agree" or
"strongly agree," with 79.7% This column is about whether or not Wordwall can make students happy and interested in the class Only a few teachers (2 out of 54) selected the
"disagree" option, and the remaining nine teachers are suspicious of the statement
A recent survey revealed that 57.4% of participants noted their students are highly engaged with activities on Wordwall.net Additionally, over 25% of respondents remained neutral regarding this engagement, which is twice the number of those who expressed disagreement.
The final statement aligns with the previous findings, as over half of the respondents in the study believe that Wordwall enhances face-to-face interaction in the classroom However, one-fifth of the participants remain unclear about its impact on students, while thirteen teachers expressed dissatisfaction with this assertion.
4.4.3 Discussion on the effects of Wordwall.net on students
Wordwall can strongly engage or motivate students to learn
It makes students feel happy and interested in the lesson
Students pay full attention to activities on Wordwall.net
Wordwall increases face-to-face interaction in class
Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agree
Teachers have observed that using Wordwall in the classroom significantly boosts student engagement and enthusiasm A majority of educators agree that this interactive tool enhances students' happiness and interest in lessons.
Wordwall.net significantly enhanced students' enthusiasm for learning and their engagement with the platform While Fakhruddin et al (2021) highlighted its influence on educational ratings, this study provides fresh insights into student engagement Teachers reported positive feedback regarding students' interactions with Wordwall.net, underscoring its effectiveness in fostering an interactive learning environment.
"strongly agree." Considering the results of this measure, it is possible to conclude that using Wordwall improves pupil involvement in the learning environment
More than half of teachers express satisfaction with student engagement during Wordwall lessons, as the interactive activities foster enjoyment and enhance focus Despite concerns about whether Wordwall can boost in-person participation, many educators believe that meaningful interaction between teachers and students remains possible For instance, after a matching exercise involving words and images, teachers can further engage students by asking them to define terms or use them in sentences Additionally, increasing classroom interaction is achievable by crafting relevant questions and choosing suitable templates for the lesson.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary of the findings
This study examines teachers' perceptions and attitudes towards Wordwall.net in English education through quantitative research using questionnaires The findings reveal that most teachers are enthusiastic about incorporating Wordwall.net into their teaching practices, highlighting its ease of use and enjoyable learning experience Additionally, teachers recognize the platform's significant benefits in enhancing students' English language skills.
Wordwall offers a range of features that enhance teaching and promote children's development through various exercise types, both online and in print, adaptable to different situations It is crucial to consider teachers' attitudes and perceptions regarding Wordwall's impact on student learning to enhance educational effectiveness Survey results indicate that most students prefer using Wordwall.net in class, as it boosts their engagement and interest Additionally, integrating Wordwall into the classroom fosters greater interaction and communication among students compared to traditional methods.
Recommendations
The findings of this research may not be easily understood in various second-language educational contexts due to time constraints and a limited sample size As this is a preliminary study, it is recommended that future research includes a larger sample to enhance the breadth of the investigation.
Future studies should involve additional centers or schools to enhance sample size, thereby improving the reliability and generalizability of the findings Based on the research results, language teachers interested in incorporating Wordwall into their classrooms can benefit from several practical recommendations.
When integrating Wordwall content into the classroom, it is essential to prioritize students while teachers plan and guide their learning Educators should receive training on utilizing online teaching platforms effectively Clear instructions for each activity are crucial to ensure students understand and engage without frequent interruptions, which can diminish enthusiasm and disrupt the lesson's flow After activities, teachers should address any grammatical, vocabulary, or pronunciation errors, fostering a self-reflective learning environment.
Learning resources on Wordwall must be appropriate and relevant, tailored to each individual's understanding, context, character, age, and gender Teachers should select tasks that align with students' proficiency levels to prevent anxiety and frustration, while also ensuring that the resources are not overly simplistic It is essential for educators to encourage students to engage actively with the material, utilizing their cognitive and physical skills to enhance their involvement in the classroom.
Teachers need to investigate ways to improve the current application status To minimize teaching disruptions, they should pre-register and utilize cellular data alongside Wi-Fi at the center Since teachers cannot resolve software issues themselves, they should reach out to the platform's technical support via email or provide feedback on the Wordwall website.
Further research is recommended to explore the integration of educational games in learning environments A diverse range of educational tools should be evaluated to enhance student engagement in the classroom, promoting various studies aimed at improving the overall learning experience.
41 present research should be broadened to encompass many sorts of educational platforms in education for an improved result.
Conclusions
This research aims to explore teachers' perceptions and attitudes towards using Wordwall.net for teaching children, while also assessing its impact on students The findings will equip educators with insights on how to effectively utilize this tool to enhance educational quality Additionally, the study offers teachers a comprehensive understanding of Wordwall's features and their influence on student learning outcomes.
While this research offers valuable insights, it does have notable limitations Notably, it does not incorporate alternative research methods, such as interviews, which could provide additional depth Additionally, the study's sample is limited to teachers from Dream Sky English Center, which may restrict the applicability of the findings to a wider audience To enhance the breadth of future research, it would be beneficial to include a larger and more diverse group of teachers.
As technology continues to advance, the use of Wordwall in English instruction is expected to rise significantly in the coming years This approach will shift the focus of English teaching towards a more student-centered model, allowing for more efficient use of classroom time Ultimately, this aims to enhance the quality of teaching while effectively developing students' practical English skills.
In summary, the research found that using Wordwall.net allowed for more efficient learning and instruction, in addition to advantageous outcomes for both teachers and students
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Questionnaire about English teachers’ perceptions and attitudes in using Wordwall.net to teach children at Dream Sky English Center:
2 Age a Less than 25 b From 26 to 35 c More than 35
3 You are _ a Vietnamese teachers b Foreign teachers
4 Teaching experience a Less than 2 years b From 2 to 5 years c From 6 to 10 years d More than 10 years
Section 2: The following set of statements relate to your perceptions and attitudes about what you experience from Wordwall.net
On the scale from 1-Strongly disagree to 5-Strongly agree, how would you rate these statements below? (Please tick on the box presenting your preference)