Chính sách phát triển các khu du lịch quốc gia thuộc vùng du lịch đồng bằng sông hồng và duyên hải đông bắc việt nam TT TA

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY DUONG THI HONG NHUNG POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL TOURIST AREAS IN THE TOURIST ZONE OF THE RED RIVER DELTA AND NORTHEAST COAST OF VIETNAM Major Code : Economic management : 934.04.10 PHD IN ECONOMICS THESIS SUMMARY Hanoi, 2021 The thesis was completed at the Thuongmai University Full name of Instructors: Assoc Prof PhD Nguyen Thi Nguyen Hong PhD Tran Thi Bich Hang Reviewer 1: …………………………… Reviewer 2: …………………………… Reviewer 3: …………………………… The thesis will be defended under the evaluation of the School-level Thesis Evaluation Council at the Thuongmai University At hour day month year The thesis can be found at: National Library Library, Thuongmai University INTRODUCTION Rationale of the study National tourist areas (NTA) which have diverse and attractive tourism resources with advantages in natural landscapes or cultural values, with definite boundaries, with infrastructure and technical facilities, high-quality and synchronous services to meet the needs of accommodation, F&B and others of tourists, need the strict control and management from the government to ensure long-term and effective development Currently, the NTA in the tourist zone of the Red River Delta and the North East Coast (RRD&NEC) still have no their own tourism policy of the zone, as well as NTA The policies currently being implemented there include tourism development policies in general, such as: Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment; Policy on tourism product development; Policy on training and development of human resource; Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism; Policy on finance; Policy on tourism promotion and publicity; Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism development, However, the implementation of some policies has not been really effective, such as: Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism is not appropriate; Policy on training and development of human resource is still weak; Policy on promotion and publicity has not been paid attention in terms of both professional qualifications and financial resources to support tourism promotion; Policy on tourism investment has not stimulated tourism business investment; Policy on tourism product development has not yet encouraged the exploitation of potential tourism, has not yet developed the tourism market of the region commensurate with the position and tourism potential, has not yet promoted the development of the local tourism industry, Therefore, the development of tourism in the NTA in RRD&NEC has not really effective For that, I have chosen the topic "Policy for the development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone of the Red River Delta and Northeastern Coast of Vietnam" for my doctoral thesis Research goal, tasks and questions The research goal and tasks The research goal of the thesis is to propose solutions and recommendations to improve the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC In order to reach that goal, the tasks of the thesis include: - Overview of the research situation and determine the research method of the thesis - Systematize and supplement the theoretical basis for policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone; Researching experiences on policy for development a number of NTAs in the world and in Vietnam in order to draw lessons for the improvement of the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC - To survey, analyze and evaluate comprehensively the policy and its procedure for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC and the influencing factors, drawing successes, limitations and their causes from the current situation - Proposing a number of solutions and recommendations to improve policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC Research questions Based on research goal and tasks, the research questions include: Firstly, What is the theoretical basis for the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone? What experience on the policy for the development of NTAs in the world and in Vietnam that NTAs of the RRD & RRD can apply? Secondly, What are the policies for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC? How are their procedure? Which factors affecting the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC? Thirdly, what are the views and directions for improving the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC and what are the solutions and recommendations to improve the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC? Object and scope of the study The object of the research is a number of theoretical and practical issues on the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone Research scope - About the research content There are many groups of policy for the development of NTAs such as economic policies, cultural policies, tourism policies, etc However, from my survey and by practical observations at planned NTAs, I has limited to tourism policies, such as: Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment, Policy on finance, Policy on tourism stimulus, Policy on training and development of human resource, Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism, Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism development The tourism policies in the thesis scope include the policies of the State and the policies of the locality Beside researching the content of the tourism policies, the thesis also studies the policy procedure to develop tourism in the NTAs in RRD&NEC - About the research geographical scope: The thesis studies at the localities which have NTA as determined by the Prime Minister's Decision No 2163/QD-TTg approving the "Master plan for tourism development in the RRD&NEC until 2020, with a vision to 2030” According to it, the RRD&NEC includes NTAs: Vietnam Ethnic Culture and Tourism Village (Hanoi), Ba Vi - Suoi Hai (Hanoi), Tam Dao (Vinh Phuc), Tam Chuc (Ha Nam), Con Son Kiep Bac (Hai Duong), Ha Long - Cat Ba (Quang Ninh - Hai Phong), Van Don (Quang Ninh), Tra Co (Quang Ninh) and Trang An (Ninh Binh) - About the research time: The thesis is limited to studying the current situation in the period of 2015 - 2019, and some issues are considered in the context of 2020 and proposed solutions to 2025, with a vision to 2030 New findings of the thesis: - New academic and theoretical findings: The thesis has systematized and focused on clarifying the theoretical bases of policies for the development of National tourist areas in the tourist zone, including defining the policies for tourism development of National tourist areas, defining policy content and process for the development of National tourist areas, researching and assessing the impact of factors affecting policies for the development of National tourist areas in the tourist zone - New findings in practical evaluation: The thesis has systematized lessons learned that can be applied to improve the policies for development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone of the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast of Vietnam on the basis of studying the experience of some typical national tourist areas in Vietnam and a number of national tourist areas in China and Korea; The thesis has analyzed and evaluated objectively and comprehensively the successes and limitations of the current situation of tourism development policies in the national tourist areas; of the policy procedure for the development of national tourist areas in the RRD&NEC The thesis also explains clearly the causes of limitations in tourism development policy in the national tourist areas, in the policy procedure of developing national tourist areas in RRD&NEC - New recommended solutions: The thesis has proposed groups of solutions that are systematic and have practical scientific basis to improve policies for development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC of Vietnam; they are: a group of solutions to improve the policy procedure, a group of solutions to improve policies and a group of solution for specific policy to develop tourism of national tourist areas; The thesis has also proposed a number of recommendations on policy for relevant ministries, departments and branches, at central and local levels, in order to create a perfect environment for policies for development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone of the RRD&NEC of Vietnam Structure of the thesis The thesis is structured with chapters CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH METHODS OF THE THESIS Literature review and research gap 1.1.1 Literature review In the literature review, I summarized the works related to the research scope of the thesis including issues: (1) Tourist areas (TAs), NTA; (2) State management on tourism, (3) Policy on tourism development, policy on tourism development at TAs (4) Research on tourism in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC From the summary of previous studies, I found out that these studies had not studied and approached systematically and comprehensively on the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC Not pointed out fully the tourism policies to develop tourism as well as the factors affecting the implementation and improvement the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC From the literatureview of previous studies, the I explore that the research gaps include: - Tourism policies are being applied in the NTAs - The implementing procedure of tourism policies to develop tourism in NTAs - Factors affecting the policy procedure for developing tourism at NTAs - Current situation of implementing policies for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC - Solutions and recommendations proposed to improve the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC 1.2 Research methodology The thesis has used data collection methods including primary and secondary data for analysis, comparison, synthesis and statistics Using a combination of many different research methods to better meet the research goal CHAPTER THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS ABOUT POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL TOURIST AREA 2.1 Some basic concepts on the policy for developing national tourist areas 2.1.1 National tourist area In Vietnam, Article – Vietnam Tourism Law 2017, a tourist area (TA) is defined as “an area with an advantage in tourism resources, which is planned, invested and developed to meet the diverse needs of tourists TA includes provincial tourism and national tourism” Potential TAs will be considered for plan to develop as NTA When this TA fully meets the conditions as prescribed by Vietnam Tourism Law 2017 and Decree 168/2017/ND-CP, it will be recognized as an official NTA This is the only view in Vietnam about the NTA and also my approach when researching the thesis The characteristics of the NTA are summarized as follows: - To organize for exploitation of business according to the provisions of law, under the management of ministries, departments and branches at the national level - Capable of expanding, including many tourist attractions linked together - Having a special attraction, built and operated to meet the needs of tourists - Having enough value and large scale in terms of natural resources and exploitation value in tourism according to the regulations of each country, bringing economic, social and environmental benefits to the locality and the country - Having specific characteristics of the region (historical, cultural, natural, man-made) that make a difference and compete with other NTAs - Be planned and invested to meet the needs of sustainable tourism development - The NTAs can be built self-contained or non-closed, in which there may or may not be local population living 2.1.2 Developing a NTA There are many different views on the development of NTA Within the scope of the thesis, I identifies the development of NTAs as tourism development in NTAs Thus, tourism development in NTAs is an increase in quantity, ensuring a reasonable structure of tourism services and improving the quality of tourism services in NTAs in order to provide better services to tourists and bring increasing benefits to other stakeholders (such as local authorities, travel companies and residential communities), thereby ensuring economic efficiency and sustainable development for the NTAs and the locality where the NTA is located 2.1.3 Policy for development NTA Policy for development NTA is a synthesis of views, guidelines, measures, programs and modes of action on tourism of the State (central and local), affecting socio-economic objects in NTAs, in order to achieve the tourism development goals 2.2 Research content on policy for development of national tourist areas 10 2.3.2 Provincial scale factors At the local level, policy for developing of NTAs is influenced by a number of key factors as follows: Socio-economic development policy of the locality that has the NTA; Policy and orientation for tourism development of locality that has the NTA; Local budgets for the development of NTAs; The development of infrastructure and tourism technical facilities in the locality that has the NTA; Tourism human resources of the locality that has the NTA; Perception of local people and tourism resources at the locality Thus, policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone are affected by many different factors Identification and analysis of influencing factors will help to build up and implement policy for the development of NTAs effectively and successfully 2.4 Experiences on policy for tourism development in some national tourist areas and lessons learned for the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast I has selected and studied experiences on policy for tourism development in some NTAs, including: - In Vietnam: Tuyen Lam Lake (Da Lat City, Lam Dong Province, in the Central Highlands tourist zone), Sapa (Lao Cai City, in the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Tourist Zone), Nui Sam (An Giang, in the tourist area of the Mekong Delta Zone) - Around the world: Goseokjeong National Park (Korea) and Tam Thanh Mountain Resort (China) From that, lessons have been drawn for the NTAs in the RRD&NEC, Vietnam CHAPTER SITUATION OF POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL TOURIST AREAS IN THE RED RIVER DELTA AND NORTHEAST COAST 12 3.1 Overview of tourism development in the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast and national tourist areas in the region According to the Prime Minister's Decision No 2163/QD-TTg issued on November 11, 2013 on "Approval of the Master Plan for Tourism Development in the Red River Delta and Red River Delta until 2020, with a vision to 2030", on territorial organization, The RRD&NEC has NTAs However, except for Tra Co NTA (Quang Ninh) which has been officially recognized, the remaining NTA have not been built or have been built but have not yet been approved by the Government to develop as a NTA Therefore, at the time of the study, they only existed in the form of attractions or local-level tourist attractions, the scale and tourism activities were still quite limited, there was no separate policy for each areas but the general tourism policies for the whole locality Therefore, these localities urgently need to build up and implement tourism policies reasonably and effectively to exploit tourism potential, bringing benefits to the locality and the country 3.2 Results of the current situation analysis of policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC 3.2.1 Policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC In order to develop tourism, appropriate policies are indispensable According to my survey results, in the localities which have NTA in the RRD & RD, the policies have been promulgated and implemented quite fully However, the level of expression of policies in each locality is different In addition, in the policies implemented in the past time, through documents, decisions, circulars, decrees, etc., there were policies that were issued independently (specifically on a certain content, such as: 13 policies on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment; policies on tourism promotion and publicity, etc.), but there were also general policies, including many different contents such as resolutions and projects on tourism development at the local,… Besides, according to my research, currently, the issued tourism policies are policies to develop tourism in general in the locality, in order to create conditions for local tourism development, including tourism development of the NTAs, there still had no yet the specific policies for tourism development of NTAs Specifically, the current status of tourism policies to develop tourism in NTAs of RRD&NEC included: - Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment, - Policy on finance, - Policy on tourism stimulus, - Policy on training and development of human resource, - Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism, - Policy on tourism product development, - Policy on tourism promotion and publicity - Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism development 3.2.2 Current procedure policy for the development of national tourist areas in the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast 3.2.2.1 Situation of policy formulation and promulgation Within the scope of the thesis, I focuses on understanding and researching tourism policies and tourism policy procedure in order to develop tourism in the NTAs in RRD&NEC, including the central and local policies In which, with the Central policies, localities 14 implement only Therefore, the content of policy formulation and promulgation is studied with local policies in the zone The formulation and promulgation of policies to develop the NTAs in the RRD&NEC are also carried out according to the following steps: Identify and select problems; Develop plans; Select the optimal option and decide to issue the policy 3.2.2.2 Situation of policy implementation organization Central policies and local policies are organized and implemented locally In the policy implementation organization, through actual investigation, only a few NTAs in RRD&NEC have established a specialized management agency of the NTA, that is, the Management Boards have their own names and some are directly under the People's Committees In order to manage the TA, the local websites have introduced and regulated the coordination between the departments of state management of tourism (Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Department of Tourism / Culture, Sport and Tourism) and the local People's Committee to implement the content of tourism development programs and policies to develop tourism According to the results of interviews with experts, the implementation of central and local policies includes two stages: - Preparation phase for policy implementation - Phase for policy implementation 3.2.2.3 Situation of check and inspection the policy implementation In the implementation of check and inspection policies, through consultation with experts and practical observations, the author found out that localities which have NTA are planned in RRD&NEC (according to Decision 2163/QD-TTg) has fully implemented the inspection and supervision of the implementation of the policy for 15 the development of NTAs, such as inspection and check of the exploitation of natural resources and the protection of the tourism environment in the locality in order to ensure sustainable tourism development; checking and inspecting investment projects of infrastructure and tourism technical facilities, 3.2.2.4 Situation of assessment and adjustment policy a, Assessment policy: The agencies (according to their powers and responsibilities) have carried out inspection and checking the implementation of the policies at localities The target audience was the local tourism business in NTAs Policy assessment criterias include: Conformity with the guidelines of the Party and the State, synchronization, transparency, stability, scientific and feasible, meeting the needs of both businesses and tourists, receiving widespread support from the local people b, Adjustment policy: Through the author's practical observations and consultation with experts, it has been shown that, over a period of policy issuance, many localities have decided to adjust some policies to suit reality, such as: has been and continuesly perfecting a number of the draft of legal documents, guidelines for implementation of the Tourism Law, a number of tourism development policies such as decisions on tourism development adjust the tourism development planning and resolutions in line with the current domestic and international context to meet the requirements of the development of NTA and the process of international economic integration of the locality; make some adjustments to individual policies of each locality such as adjusting some local investment support, etc 3.3 Analysis of factors affecting the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC 16 The impact of factors affecting policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC are evaluated at different levels There are factors in this locality that have a lot of impact, but conversely, in other localities, the impact is very modest The results of a sociological survey with businesses operating in NTAs in RRD&NEC show that these factors have a positive influence on policy for the development of NTAs in RRD&NEC In which, the policy and orientation of tourism development of the locality is considered the most important because the policies are put in place to achieve the goal of tourism development So, local policy and orientaion to develop tourism will be the factor determining the goals to be achieved of the policy, which makes the policies clearer, more specific and practical, through which the implementation of the policy for the development of NTAs is also more convenient and the probability of success when applying the policy is also higher In addition, other factors are also recognized and evaluated by businesses at different levels, but they all greatly affect tourism development policies in these NTAs 3.4 General assessment of the current situation of policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC 3.4.1 Success and causes In recent years, policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC has had the following successes: - Policies for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC are becoming more and more complete, gradually bringing into play their effects, basically achieving the objectives set by the industry and management levels - Regarding the procedure, basically the policies are developed and promulgated according to the correct procedure, the policy implementation organization is quite reasonable, with observation, 17 inspection, assessment and adjustment policy according to the actual situation, received general consensus, obtained certain achievements in tourism development in the locality which have NTAs The reasons for the above successes are: The Party and State's guidelines and policies for socio-economic development in general and tourism development in particular, as well as of each locality have a consensus, have created conditions for economic development of tourism; The level of awareness and capacity of the management agency in the local in the RRD&NEC; Diversity of tourism resources of localities and Awareness of local people and related objects 3.4.2 Limited and causes Beside the success, policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC has the following limitations: * Regarding to policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC, which are: Policy on conservation and embellishment of natural resources and tourism environment; Financial policy; Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical infrastructure; Development policy; The policy of tourism promotion and advertising, are still inadequate * Regarding the policy procedure: Most of the policies in the implementation procedure still reveal many limitations such as: - The formulation and promulgation of specific tourism development policies for NTAs are not yet available, current tourism development policies in NTAs are all local general tourism development policies, that make policy for the development of NTAs have not shown specificity, priority and distinction - The organization and implementation policy, policies when implemented are still inadequate, the system of legal documents is many but the specific guiding documents are unclear, overlapping, 18 the inspection monitoring and assigning responsibilities at all levels still face many difficulties In addition, the coordination between sectors and levels in the field of tourism in the organization of policy implementation is still not high Cooperation between state management agencies is still quite weak, so policy implementation faces many difficulties, especially agencies related to policy propaganda - In the content of policy observation and inspection: The handling and adjustment of policies to suit the current situation of the locality have not been paid attention in time, many violations are not handled immediately and handled thoroughly The causes of the above shortcomings are shown in the following aspects: The level of awareness and professional capacity of all levels and related industries is still limited; Policy propaganda to local people is still limited; The proportion and quantity of budget sources allocated to tourism activities, especially for tourism development policies in NTAs are still very small compared to demand, so the level of focus on implementing national tourism development policies is not high; The local tourism human resources in the NTAs are still lacking and very weak, most of them only temporarily meet the requirements in terms of quantity but are not guaranteed in quality CHAPTER SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE THE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL TOURIST AREAS IN THE RED RIVER DELTA AND NORTH EAST COAST 4.1 Context, goals and directions of tourism development in the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast 19 The tourism context is always fluctuating in different stages, depending on the problem situation it faces Basically, the context of national and international tourism is generalized through four main issues: The change in tourism demand; Health and safety are more focused; Innovation and digitization are urgent requirements; Sustainability in tourism development The above generalized issues have created the opportunities and challenges that the tourism industry in the localities which have NTAs in the RRD&NEC have to face with The goal of tourism development in the RRD&NEC is to form a link between localities to develop tourism in the region in a comprehensive and synchronous manner; building a typical tourism product of the region in order to form its own tourism brand in the RRD&NEC; Striving to 2030, the RRD&NEC becomes the leading tourist attraction and distribution area of the country The general direction of tourism development of the whole RRD&NEC has been determined in the "Master plan for tourism development in the RRD&NEC until 2020, vision to 2030" according to Decision No 2163/QD-TTg/QD-TTg According to Decision No 201/QD-TTg dated January 22, 2013 of the Prime Minister approving the "Master plan for tourism development in Vietnam to 2020, vision to 2030", the country has 46 NTAs After that, the Prime Minister agreed to add 03 more locations; Thus, up to now, our country has 49 potential sites for the development of the NTAs 4.2 Perspectives and orientations to improve the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC Improving the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC must be consistent with the direction of improving the policy for the development of NTAs defined in the 20 Prime Minister's Decision No 2163/QĐ-TTg “Master plan for tourism development in the Red River Delta and Red River Delta until 2020, vision to 2030” and must also be placed in the context of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism activities globally and on our country 4.3 The main solution to policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC by 2025, with a vision to 2030 4.3.1 Solution to improve policies Through analyzing the current status of policies that have been implemented, it can be seen that, in the development policies of the NTA, a number of sub-policy policies such as the Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment, Policy on finance, Policy on training and development of human resource, Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism promotion and publicity are still inadequate Since then, it is required that the localities in the RRD&NEC need to have specific solutions to some of those policies in order to be able to complete the policy system for tourism development there Specifically: Completing the develop tourism, it is necessary to focus on the following tourism policies: Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment, Policy on finance, Policy on training and development of human resource, Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism, Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism development 4.3.2 Solution to improve the policy process In the past time, the organization and implementation of policies in localities that have NTAs in RRD&NEC have been quite basic and complete However, in the opinion of experts and from the 21 results of the assessment of the current situation of the policy procedure, the researcher realized that it is necessary to add more specific solutions to improve some contents in the policy process, thereby effective for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC Specifically, it is necessary to improve the formulation and promulgation of policies; Completing the organization and implementation of policies and completing the observation and inspection policy on the development of NTAs in RRD&NEC 4.3.3 Solution for specific policy to develop tourism of national tourist areas At present, the policies to develop the NTAs are not specific to the NTAs but still a general policy for tourism development Therefore, it is necessary to identify specific policies for tourism development in the NTAs Particularly: - Invest in tourism infrastructure and key transport within the NTAs, increasing the accessibility to the NTAs more effectively - Attract strategic investors of great caliber, capable of building, creating and implementing tourism development projects of synchronous and quality within the NTAs - Develop thematic tourism development projects in each NTA - Accelerate the application of digital technology, telecommunications infrastructure, and 5G networks in tourism development in NTAs - Encourage the application of clean technology and green energy in the NTAs 4.4 Some recommendations In order to improve the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC, besides proposing solutions, the researcher also made some recommendations Specifically: 22 - Make recommendations to central agencies including the Ministry of Planning and Investment and the Ministry of Finance - Make recommendations to local agencies such as Department of Transport; Department of Planning & Investment; Department of Industrial and commercial facilities; Department of Information & Communication; Department of Education and training; Department of Environment and resource 23 CONCLUDE Within the scope of thesis, the researcher has tried to synthesize, research, analyze and propose groups of policy solutions to develop NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC, including: solutions to improve policy procedure related to the improvement of organization, implementation of policies and improvement of observation and inspection of policy compliance; solutions to improve policies for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC, including Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and environment, Policy on finance, Policy on training and development of human resource, Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism, Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism development; and Solution for specific policy to develop tourism of NTAs In addition, in order to create a legal corridor and favorable conditions for the development of the NTAs in RRD&NEC, the researcher proposed some recommendations to the central and local agencies Despite the best efforts throughout the research process, the thesis cannot avoid certain limitations and errors Within the framework of this thesis, there are still some theoretical issues that cannot be clarified or explained in detail These questions are currently unanswered due to limited information as well as the limited expertise and research time In the future, if there is a chance to continue researching on this issue, I will try to apply my abilities and understanding to clarify the above theoretical questions, clarify the situation of policies for 24 tourism development, especially policies for developing of NTAs in the RRD&NEC of Vietnam 25 LIST OF WORKS PUBLISHED DURING THE DOCTORAL COURSE RELATED TO THE THESIS [1] Duong Thi Hong Nhung (2019), Experience on policy for developing national tourist areas in Vietnam and of the world and lessons learned for Vietnam, Journal of Commercial Science, p49 – p56, No125, 01/2019 [2] Duong Thi Hong Nhung (2019), Discussing policies on developing national tourist areas, Tourism Magazine, p20-21, p57, No 5, 2019 [3] Duong Thi Hong Nhung (2019), Policy on d evelopment of Vietnam's national tourist areas: current situation and solutions, School-level scientific research project, code: CS18 – 05 (Project manager) [4] Nguyen Thi Nguyen Hong, Dương Thị Hồng Nhung, Vu Thi Thu Huyen, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy (2020), Strategic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Vietnamese Tourism Enterprises, International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD), (E): 2249–8001, p6255-p6262, Vol 10, Issue 3, Jun 2020 26 ... it, the RRD&NEC includes NTAs: Vietnam Ethnic Culture and Tourism Village (Hanoi), Ba Vi - Suoi Hai (Hanoi), Tam Dao (Vinh Phuc), Tam Chuc (Ha Nam) , Con Son Kiep Bac (Hai Duong), Ha Long - Cat Ba... development of NTAs in the world and in Vietnam that NTAs of the RRD & RRD can apply? Secondly, What are the policies for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC? How are their procedure?... tourists TA includes provincial tourism and national tourism” Potential TAs will be considered for plan to develop as NTA When this TA fully meets the conditions as prescribed by Vietnam Tourism