chứng chỉ IMO về các trang thiết bị cứu sinh tàu bè dành cho thuyền viên LSA, bộ luật quốc tế về thiết bị cứu sinh (LSA), các tài liệu liên quan đến bộ luật LSA dành cho các sinh viên thuyền viên hàng hải
Life-Saving Appliances Including LSA Code 2017 Edition IIVII) London, 2017 INTERNATIONAL MARm ME ORGANIZATION Published in 20 17 by the INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION Albert Embankment, London SEl 7SR www.imo.org Printed by Wheatons Exeter Ltd, Exeter, EX2 BRP ISBN: g73.g2.8Q1 -1654-0 IMO PUBLICATION Sales number: IE982E Copyright © International Maritime Organization 2017 stored in a All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Maritime Organization Reproduction and/or translation rights may be available for this title For further details, please contact IMO Publishing at copyright@imo.org This publ ication has been prepared from official documents of IMO, and every effort has been made to eliminate errors and reproduce the original text(s) faithfully Readers should be aware that, in case of inconsistency, the official IMO text w ill prevai l 08 1800 Contents Foreword International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code Resolution MSC.48(66) Preamble Chapter I 1.1 1.2 Chapter II General Definitio ns General requ irements for life-saving appliances Personal life-saving appliances Lifebuoys Lifejackets 11 Immersio n suits 15 A nti-exposure suits 17 Thermal protective aids 19 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Visual signals 19 Chapter Ill 3.1 3.2 3.3 Chapter IV Rocket parachute flares 19 H and flares 20 Buoyant sm oke signals 20 Survival craft 21 4.1 General requirements for liferafts 21 4.2 Inflatab le liferafts 28 Rigid li ferafts 33 4.4 General requ irements for lifeboats 35 4.5 Partially enclosed lifeboats 48 4.6 Totally enclosed lifeboats 49 4.7 Free-fa ll lifeboats 51 4.8 Lifeboats with a self-contai ned air support system 55 4.9 Fire-protected lifeboats 55 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION iii Life-Saving Appliances Chapter V Rescue boats 5.1 Rescue boats 55 55 Chapter VI Launching and embarkation appliances 6.1 Launching and embarkation appliances Marine evacuation systems 61 Chapter VII Other life-saving appliances 7.1 Line-throw ing appliances 7.2 General alarm and public address system 61 67 71 71 71 Testing and Evaluation of Life-Saving Appliances I Revised recommendation on testing of life-saving appliances, as amended 75 Resolution MSC.Bl (70) Introduction 77 Part Prototype tests for life-saving appliances 79 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 79 1.8 1.9 Lifebuoys Lifebuoys specification Temperature cycling test Drop test Test for o il resistance Fire test Flotation test Strength test Test for operation with a light and smoke signal Lifebuoy self-activati ng smoke signal tests 2.1 Lifejackets Temperature cycling test 82 82 2.2 2.3 Buoyancy test Fire test Tests of compo nents other than buoyancy materials 82 82 82 Strength tests Tests for li fejacket buoyancy material Donning test Water performance tests Infant and children's lifejacket tests Tests for inflatable li fejackets 82 85 86 88 92 94 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 iv 78 79 79 80 80 80 80 80 81 81 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Contents 3.1 3.2 3.3 Immersion suits, anti-exposure suits and thermal protective aids 100 Tests common to non-insulated and insulated immersion suits and anti-exposure suits Thermal protective tests Thermal protective aids for survival craft 100 104 106 Pyrotechnics - rocket parachute flares, hand flares and buoyant smoke signals 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.8 General Temperature tests Water and corrosion resistance test H andling safety test Safety inspection Rocket parachute flares test Hand flares test Buoyant smoke signals test Liferafts - rigid and inflatable 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Droptest Jump test Weight test Towing test Mooring out tests Liferaft painter system test Loading and seating test Boarding and closing arrangement test Stability test Manoeuvrability test Swamp test Canopy closure test Buoyancy of float-free liferafts Detailed inspection Weak link test Davit-launched liferafts - strength test of lifting components Additional tests applicable to inflatable liferafts only Additional tests applicable to automatically self-righting liferafts only 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 11 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION 107 107 107 108 108 108 109 109 110 111 111 11 11 11 113 113 113 114 114 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 117 131 v Life-Saving Appliances 5.19 20 5.21 131 W ind velocity tests 132 5.22 Test for self-draining of floors of canopied reversible liferafts and automatically self-righting liferafts Liferaft light tests 133 133 Lifeboats 133 Definitions and general conditions Lifeboat material tests 133 133 Lifeboat overload test 134 6.2 6.3 6 6.6 Davit-launched lifeboat impact and drop test 136 Free-fall lifeboat free-fall test 137 Lifeboat seating strength test Lifeboat seating space test 139 139 6.8 Lifeboat freeboard and stability tests 139 6.9 10 Release mechanism test 140 Lifeboat operational test 143 6.11 Lifeboat towi ng and painter release test 144 6.12 Lifeboat light tests Canopy erection test 145 145 Additional tests for totally enclosed lifeboats 145 13 14 6.15 Air supply test for lifeboats w ith a self-contained air support system 147 6.16 Additional tests for fire-protected lifeboats 148 6.17 Measuring and evaluating acceleration forces 150 Rescue boats and fast rescue boats 153 7.1 Rigid rescue boats Inflated rescue boats Rigid/inflated rescue boats Rigid fast rescue boats Inflated fast rescue boats 153 156 159 159 160 Rigid/ inflated fast rescue boats Outboard motors for rescue boats 160 160 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 vi Submergence test for automatically self-righting and canopied reversible liferafts Launching and embarkation appliances 162 8.1 Testing of davits and launching appliances 162 8.2 Davit-launched liferaft automatic release hook test 164 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Contents Line-throwing appliances 168 9.1 Test for pyrotechnics 168 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Function test 168 Line tensile test 168 V isual examination 168 Temperature test 168 10 10.1 10.2 Position-indicating lights for life-saving appliances Surviva l craft and rescue boats light tests Lifebuoy self-igniting light tests 168 168 169 10.3 Lifejacket light tests 170 10.4 Common tests for all position -indicating lights 171 11 Hydrostatic release units 177 11.1 Visual and dimensional examination 177 11 Technical tests 177 11 Performance test 179 12 Marine evacuation systems 180 12.1 Materials 180 12.2 Marine evacuation system container 180 12.3 12.4 M arine evacuation passage Marine evacuation platform, if fitted 180 182 12.5 Associated inflatable liferafts 183 12.6 Performance 183 13 Searchlights for lifeboats and rescue boats 185 13.1 V isual examination 185 13.2 13.3 13.4 Durability and resistance to environmental conditions Operational controls Light tests 185 186 186 Part Production and installation tests 188 General 188 Individual buoyancy equipment 188 2.1 Li fejackets 188 2.2 Immersion and ant i-exposure suits 189 3.1 Portable buoyancy equipment Li febuoys 189 189 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 201 EDITION vi i Life-Saving Appliances Pyrotechnics 189 Survival craft 5.1 5.2 Liferaft operational inflation test Davit-launched liferaft and inflated rescue boat test Lifeboat and rescue boat test Launch test 189 189 191 191 192 5.3 5.4 Launching and stowage arrangements 6.1 Launching appliances using falls and w inches Installation tests of liferaft launching appliances 6.2 7.1 Marine evacuation systems Installation tests Annex - Adult reference test device (RTD) design and construction General Materials Construction Annex - Child reference test device (RTD) design and construction General Materials Construction Annex - Infant reference test device (RTD) design and construction 197 197 197 198 228 228 228 229 246 246 246 247 Code of practice for the evaluation, testing and acceptance of prototype novel life-saving appliances and arrangements 265 Resolution A.520(13) Preamble viii 196 196 General Materials Construction 11 192 192 194 General provisions General criteria Appliance criteria and testing of prototypes 266 267 268 269 274 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 ED ITION Foreword This publication contains the three most important International Maritime Organ ization (IMO) instruments dealing with life-saving appliances, namely the International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code, the Revised Recommendation on Testing of Life-Saving Appliances and the Code of Practice for the Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance of Prototype Novel Life-Saving Appliances The International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code was adopted by IMO's Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its 66th session (June 1996) by resolution MSC.48(66) It provides international requ irements for the life-saving appliances required by chapter Ill of the 1974 SOLAS Convention, including personal life-saving appliances like lifebuoys, lifejackets, immersion suits, anti-exposure suits and thermal protective aids; visual aids, such as parachute flares, hand flares and buoyant smoke signals; survival craft, such as liferafts and lifeboats; rescue boats; launching and embarkation appliances and marine evacuation systems line throwing appliances; and general alarm and public address systems The Code was made mandatory by resolution MSC.47(66) under SOLAS regulation 111/3.10, whereby regulation 111/34 determines that all life-saving appliances and arrangements shall comply with its requirements The Code entered into force on July 1998 and has been amended in accordance with SOLAS Article V III as follows: by the May 2006 amendments, which were adopted by resolution MSC.207(81) and entered into force on July 2010; by the December 2006 amendments, w hich were adopted by resolution MSC.218(82) and entered into force on July 2008; by the December 2008 amendments, w hich were adopted by resolution MSC.272(85) and entered into force on July 2010; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Life-Saving Appliances for a ship to detect the survival craft in a seaway in clear conditions at a range of at least miles 2.4.2 Visual means of detection for persons in the water should make it possible for a ship to detect the person in a seaway: in clear daytime conditions at a range of at least 0.2 miles; in clear night-time conditions at a range of at least 0.5 miles for a duration of at least h 2.5 Retrieval 2.5.1 Survival craft should: if passive, be capable of being towed at speeds of up to knots; if ac ti ve, be capable of being towed at speeds of up to knots and be capable of tow ing other survival craft; permit a person to transfer from the survival craft in a seaway to a ship or helicopter 2.5.2 Rescue craft should be capable of being towed at speeds of up to knots and be capable of towi ng a survival craft 2.5.3 Launching arrangements for rescue craft should provide safe launching from the ship in a seaway w ith the ship making way at speeds of up to knots 2.5.4 Retrieval arrangements for rescue craft should permit rapid recovery of the rescue craft with its rescue craft complement of at least six persons and equipment in a seaway Appliance criteria and testing of prototypes 3.1 Personal life-saving appliances 3.1.1 Buoyancy equipment intended to support and enable detection of persons in the water should: 274 where required to be fitted wi th a buoyant lifeline, have a lifeline equal in length to at least twice the height at which it is stowed above the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition, or 30 m, w hichever is the greater; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances 3.1.2 be constructed to withstand a drop from the height at w hich it is stowed above the lightest seagoi ng waterl ine, or 30 m, w hichever is t he greater, wi thout impairing its operating capability or that of its attached com ponents; be capab le of supporting not less than 14.5 kg of iron in fresh water for a period of 24 h; have means to enable persons to cl ing to the equipment; not sustain burning or contin ue melting after being to tally enveloped in a fire fo r a period of s; w here requ ired, be sufficiently heavy to operate release arrangements of the attached means of detection; be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraphs 3.1.1 to 3.1.1.6; w here required, be p rovid ed w ith means of detection, complying w ith the requirements of paragraph 3.7.1 Individual buoyancy equipm ent should: be so d esigned that after a demonstration a person can correctly don the equipment within a period of w ithout assistance; not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a period o f s; be possible to wear w ithout undue discomfort during abandonment and w it hin a survival craft; if inflatab le, inflate automatically upon immersion and be capable of being inflated manually and by mouth; if inflatable, perform effectively w ith any one buoyancy compartment inoperati ve; allow the wearer to jump into the water from a height of at least 4.5 m without sustaining injury and w it hout dislo dging or d amaging t he equipment; allow swimming and boarding of a surviva l craft in a seaway; in calm fresh water, be capable of lifting the mouth of a completely relaxed person weari ng normal clothing at least 120 mm clear of the water; in calm fresh water, be capable of tu rn ing a completely relaxed person wearing normal clothi ng from any position in the water to one w here the mouth is clear of the water within s; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION 275 Life-Saving Appliances 3.1.3 10 have buoyancy which is not reduced by more than 5% after a 24 h period of submersion in fresh water; 11 be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 1.2.1 to 3.1.2.10 and w ith regard to paragraph 3.1.2.7 in a seaway; 12 be provided w ith means of detection complying w ith paragraph 3.7.2; however, equipment provided on passenger ships on short international voyages need not comply with paragraph 3.7.2.2 Individual garments for protection against hypothermia should: be so designed that after a demonstration a person can w ithout assistance unpack and correctly don the garment and any required additional individual buoyancy equipment and clothing, within a period of min, taking into account possible low ambient temperature conditions; not sustain burning or continue melting after being totally enveloped in a fire for a period of s; not cause undue discomfort to the wearer during abandonment or in survival craft and permit the person wearing it and any additional individual buoyancy equipment and any associated clothing to: 3.1 perform normal duties during abandonment; 3.2 climb up and dow n a ladder at least m in length; 3.3 jump vertically into the water from a height of at least 4.5 m without sustaining injury, dislodging or causing damage to the garment or allowing undue ingress of water; 276 allow a person wearing the garment and any required additional individual buoyancy equipment to swim and board a survival craft in a seaway; in calm fresh water, in conjunction w ith any required additional individual buoyancy equipment, be capable of lifting the mouth of a completely relaxed person wearing the garment at least 120 mm clear of the water; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 201 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances in calm fresh water permit a person wearing the garment and any required additional individual buoyancy equipment to turn from any position to one where the mouth is clear of the water in not more than s; if provided w ith buoyancy, not suffer a loss of buoyancy of more than 5% after a 24 h period of submersion in fresh water; be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.1.3.1 to 3.1.3.7 and with regard to paragraph 3.1.3.4 in a seaway; if meant to be worn without additional buoyancy equipment or on top of such equipment, to be provided with means of detection complying with paragraph 3.7.2 3.1.4 In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 3.1.3, an individual garment for long-term immersion should: when used over light clothing and with any required additional individual buoyancy equipment, allow the wearer following one jump into the water from a height of 4.5 m to float in calm circulating water of between 0°C and 2°C for a period of h during w hich period the wearer's body core temperature should not fa ll more than 2°C; permit the wearer, on completion of the above test, to be able to pick up a pencil and write; be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.1.4.1 and 3.1.4.2 3.1.5 In addition to meeting t he requirements of paragraph 3.1.3, an individual garment for short-term immersion should: when worn in conjunction with warm clothing and any required additional individual buoyancy equipment, following one jump by the wearer into the water from a height of 4.5 m, continue to provide sufficient thermal protection to ensure that when worn for a period of h in calm circu lating water at a temperature of 5°( the wearer's body core temperature should not fal l more than 2°C; permit the wearer, on completion of the above test, to be able to pick up a pencil and write; be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.1.5.1 and 3.1 5.2 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION 277 Life-Saving Appliances 3.2 Survival craft 3.2.1 Survival craft should: where arranged to be suspended by fa lls and lowered to the water by means of a launching device, be of sufficient strength to withstand: 1.1 if rigid, an overload of 100% of the total mass of the survival craft w hen loaded w ith its fu ll complement of persons and equipment, w ithout suffering significant residual deflection on removal of that load, except that in the case of a survival craft constructed of metal, the overload should be 25%; 1.2 if inflatable, a load of four times the mass of its full complement and equipment at an ambient temperature of +20°C without pressure relief of inflated compartments, and a load of 1.1 times the mass of its fu ll complement and equipment at an ambient temperature of - 30°C; when fu lly loaded without sustaining damage that would affect its efficient fu nctioning: a sideways impact agai nst a rigid vertical surface at an impact velocity of at least 3.5 m/s; and a drop into the water from a height of m; in the case of a self-righting partially enclosed and totally enclosed survival craft, protect its occupants when subjected to the sideways impact referred to in paragraph 3.2.1.1 3; if inflatable: 3.1 withstand an inflation test pressure of at least times the working pressure and be so arranged that the pressure cannot exceed twice the working pressure; and 3.2 inflate w ith a non-toxic gas w ithin a period of at an ambient temperature between 18°C and 20°c and within a period of at an ambient temperature of - 30°C; 278 w here arranged for free-fall launching, have sufficient strength and diving characteristics to wi thstand a fa ll into the sea from the maximum height at w hich it is designed to be stowed, taking into account unfavourable conditions of trim up to 10° LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances and a list up to 20° either way, w ithout impairing its operating capabi lities or causing injury to its occupants; where required to float free, be stowed in such a manner as to permit it to float free from its stowage and break free from the ship in an operational condition when the ship sinks; if inflatable, w ithstand repeated jumps on to it from a height of at least 4.5 m above the water; be approved for the maximum number of persons it is permitted to accommodate, as decided by practical seating tests afloat and based upon the number of adult persons wearing individual buoyancy equipment w ho can be seated w ithout in any way interfering with the normal operation of its equipment or means of propulsion; when prepared for launching, permits its full complement of persons excluding any stretcher cases to board rapidly and in the case of cargo ships in not more than from the time the instruction to board is given; permit embarkation of stretcher cases; 10 have arrangements to secure it to the ship by a painter of adequate strength and of a length equal to at least twice the distance from its stowed position to the lightest seagoing waterline of 15 m, whichever is the greater; 11 in the case of a self-righting parti ally enclosed or totally enclosed survival craft, unless capable of operating safely in the upside-dow n position, have such strength and stability that it is inherently or automatically self-righting when all entrances and openings are closed watertight, all equipment is secured and the full complement of persons are secured to their seats w ith safety belts; 12 in the case of a passive survival craft, unless capable of operating safely in the upside-down position, have such sufficient strength and stability that: 13 12.1 it is self-righting; or 12.2 it can be readily righted, in a seaway, by one person unassisted; w hen fully or partly loaded maintain its operational effectiveness when drifting in a seaway; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 201 EDITION 279 Life-Saving Appliances 14 have sufficient buoyancy to support its full complement even w hen holed in any one location below the waterline w ithout loss of buoyancy material or other damage, to automatically or inherently attain a position w hich provides an above-water escape for its occupants; 15 have a freeboard, measured from the waterline to the lowest opening through w hich the survival craft may become flooded, of not less than 1.5% of the surviva l craft's length w hen loaded w ith one half of its full complement seated to one side of the centreline; 16 be p rovided w ith effective means for bailing or be self-bailing in a seaway, but self-righting partially enclosed survival craft should be automatica lly self-bailing in a seaway; 17 prov ide protection for its complement agai nst wind, in and spray, adequate ventilation and protection for its complement at all ambient temperatures between - 15°C and +30°C; 18 be designed w ith due regard to the safety of persons on board w ith regard to slippery or hot surfaces and sharp edges; 19 be possible to manoeuvre; 20 provide means for persons in the water to cling to the survival craft; 21 permit persons to board the survival craft from the water w hen wearing individual buoyancy equipment; 22 permit those on board the surviva l craft, when wearing individual buoyancy equipment, to recover persons from the water w ithout their assistance; 23 be provided with manually controlled lighting sufficient to permit reading of instruction material and to facilitate operations at night with a power capacity sufficient for at least 12 h; 24 carry p rovisions, water and equipment for the full complement; 25 be of sufficient strength and have sufficiently strong fixtures and painters to be: 25.1 towed at speeds up to knots in the case of passive surviva l craft; 25.2 towed at all speeds up to knots in the case of active survival craft; 280 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances 25.3 launched with the ship maki ng headway at speeds up to knots in t he case of active survival craft intended for use on cargo ships of 20,000 gross tonnage and upwards; 26 have means of permitting watertight restowage, w here equipment is required to be stowed in watertight containers; 27 be so arra nged that in a seaway, a person in the survival craft may be picked up by helicopter or transferred to a ship by ladder or net without assistance from other persons in the survival craft; 28 be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraphs 3.2.1.1 to 3.2.1.6, 3.2.1.8 to 3.2.1.12, 3.2.1.1 4, 3.2.1.1 5, 3.2.1.1 7, 3.2.1.19 to 3.2.1.23 and 3.2.1.25 and with regard to paragraphs 3.2.1.7 and 3.2.1.16 in a seaway; 29 be provided with means for location and detection complying with paragraph 3.7.4 3.2.2 In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 3.2.1, active survival craft should: have a means of propulsion, capable of being started manually or by two independent power sources and operated at an ambient temperature of - 15°C w ithin of commencing the engine start procedure using if necessary starting aids, unless, having regard to the particular voyages in w hich the ship carrying the craft is constantly engaged, another minimum starting and operating temperature is appropriate; if self-righting partially enclosed or totally enclosed, have a means of propulsion capable of ru nning in an inverted position during capsize of the surviva l craft and of continuing to run after returning to the upright position unless it is stopped automatically w hen inverted and is easily restarted after the survival craft has returned to the upright position and, in the case of a self-righting partially enclosed survival craft, the water has dra ined from the survival craft Capsizing should not cause a significa nt spill of oil into the survival craft; have sufficient mobility and manoeuvrabi lity in a seaway to allow retrieval of persons from the water, marshalli ng of passive survival craft and to allow the largest passive survival craft carri ed on the ship to be towed at a speed of knots in calm water; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION 281 Life-Saving Appliances be capable of maintaining a speed of at least knots for at least 24 h; be designed w ith due rega rd to the safety of persons in the water and the possibility of damage to the propulsion system by floating debris; be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.2.2.1, 3.2.2.2 and 3.2.2.4 and with regard to paragraphs 3.2.2.3 in a seaway 3.2.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs 3.2.1 and 3.2.2, a survival craft with a self-contained air support system should: be capable of proceeding at maximum power for at least 10 without exposing its complement to harmful gases or creating a subatmospheric pressure w ithin the survival craft; be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraph 3.2.3.1 by running the survival craft for at least 10 w hile maintaining an overpressure within the survival craft of not more than 20 mbar 3.2.4 In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs 3.2.1 , 3.2.2 and 3.2.3, fire-protected survival craft should be prototype tested by enveloping the survival craft, w ith its means of propulsion running, in a fire for a period of at least during which time there should be no ingress of harmful fumes and habitable temperatures should be maintained within the survival craft 3.3 Rescue craft Rescue craft should comply wi th the provisions of paragraphs 3.2.1.1.1 , 3.2.1.4, 3.2.1.11 , 3.2.1.13, 3.2.1.1 to 3.2.1.18, 3.2.1.20 to 3.2.1.22, 3.2.1.25.2, 3.2.1.29, 3.2.2.1, 3.2.2.3 and 2.2 5, and in addition should: where arranged to be suspended by a fall or falls and lowered to the water by means of a launching device, be of sufficient strength and fendered to withstand: 1.1 282 if inflated, a load of times the mass of the rescue boat and its full complement of persons and equipment at an ambient temperature of 20°C with all relief valves inoperative and 1.1 times the mass of the rescue boat and its full complement of persons and equipment at an ambient temperature of - 30°C with all relief valves operative; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances when ful ly loaded, w ithout sustaining damage that would affect its efficient functioning: a sideways impact against a rigid vertical surface wi th an impact velocity of at least 3.5 mis; and a drop into the water from a height of m; be capable of carrying at least five persons seated and at least one person lying down; be approved for the maximum number of persons to be decided by practical seating tests in a seaway and based upon the number of adult persons wearing individual buoyancy equipment who can be seated without in any way interfering with the normal operation of its equipment or means of propulsion; w hen preparing for launching, permit its fu ll complement of persons, excluding any stretcher cases, to board in not more than min; have sufficient buoyancy and stability to support its fu ll complement even w hen holed in any one location and open to the sea; offer protection against exposure to sea spray; be capable of maintaining a speed of at least knots for at least h in a seaway; be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.2 1.1.1, 3.2.1.4, 3.2.1.16, 3.2.1.22, 3.2.2.1, 3.2.2.3, 3.3.1.1, 3.3.1.2, 3.3.2 to 3.3.4, 3.3.6 and 3.3.7 and with regard to paragraphs 3.2.1.11, 3.2.1.13, 3.2.1.18, 3.2.1.20, 3.2.1.25.2, 3.2.1.29, and 3.3.5 in a seaway 3.4 Launching arrangements 3.4.1 Launching arrangements for survival craft should: provide safe launching under normal conditions and with the ship trimmed up to 10° and listed up to 20° either way or up to such angles of trim or list at which the sh ip's weather deck edge becomes submerged, w hichever is the least, and on oil tankers, chemical tankers and gas carriers with a f inal angle of heel greater than 20° calculated in accordance w ith the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the 1978 Protocol relating LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION 283 Life-Saving Appliances thereto, and the recommendations of the O rganization• as applicable, at the final angle of heel on the lower side; in the case of cargo ships o f 20,0 00 gross tonnage and upwards, provide safe launching w ith the ship making headway at speeds of up to knots; w here they include fa lls and a winch, ensure that the speed at w hich the surviva l craft is lowered into the water is controlled by suitable means and such that the rate of descent after initial acceleration is at least a rate obtained from the formula: S = 0.4 + 0.02 H w here: S H = = speed of lowering in metres per second; and height in metres from the uppermost point of suspension to the waterl ine in the lightest seagoing condition; meet the requirements of the Administrat ion for the maximum lowering speed of the survival craft to ensure the protection of its occupants from excessive forces and to prevent damage to t he launchi ng arrangements taking into account inertial forces during an emergency stop; except for w inch brakes, be of sufficient strength to withstand a static load of at least 2.2 times their maximum working load; w here they include w inch brakes, have w inch brakes of sufficient strength to withstand: 6.1 a static test with a proof load of 1.5 times the maximum working load; 6.2 a dy namic test w ith a proof load of not less than 1.1 times the maximum working load at maximum loweri ng speed; be capable of being actuated by one person from a position on board the surviva l craft and from a position on deck from w hich the launching can be observed and the release of the surviva l craft from the launching arrangements should be possible from a position on board the survival craft; • Refer to the damage stab ility requirements of the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code) (MSC.4(48), as amended), and the International Code for the Construction and Equipment o f Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (ICC Code) (resolution MSC 5(48), as amended) 284 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances if based on launching by a fall or falls, have a release mechanism w hich w ill release the survival craft into the water without causing damage to the survival craft; if for float-free release: 9.1 release the survival craft from its stowed position; 9.2 be designed to minimize the possibility of the survival craft becoming fouled in davits, cranes, rigging or superstructure; 9.3 not be released unintentionally by such forces as water on deck and heavy weather; 9.4 not be affected by shipboard vibration; 9.5 provide for manual release; 9.6 of survival craft having a rigid enclosure, release and launch the survival craft in all conditions of loading w ithout it becoming swamped and should in addition allow the release and launch of the survival craft from the operator's position within the survival craft; 10 if arranged for free-fall launching, ensure that the survival craft is released clear of the ship; 11 ensure that the survival craft is upright in the water after launching into a seaway, unless the survival craft is self-righting, may be used in the upside-down condition or can be righted by one person in the water; 12 be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraphs 3.4.1.2 to 3.4.1.11 and w ith regard to paragraph 3.4.1.1 in a seaway 3.4.2 Launching arrangements for rescue craft should comply with the provisions of paragraphs 3.4.1.3 to 3.4.1 7, 3.4.1.10 and in addition should: provide safe launching w hen the ship is: 1.1 in a seaway; and 1.2 making headway at speeds of up to knots; if based on launching by a fall or falls, have a release mechanism which w ill release the rescue craft into the water without causing damage to the rescue craft or injury to its complement; and be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraphs 3.4.1.3 to 3.4.1.7, 3.4.1.10, 3.4.2.1 and 3.4.2.2 and w ith regard to paragraph 3.4.2.1.1 in a seaway LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 201 EDITION 285 Li fe-Saving Appliances 3.5 Retrieval arrangements 3.5.1 Retrieval arrangements for active surviva l craft should: 3.5.2 provide for safe retrieval of the survival craft in a seaway; return the survival craftto its position of stowage and readiness for use; be of sufficient strength to w ithstand a static load of at least 2.2 times its working load except for w inch brakes w hich should w ithstand a static load of 1.5 times the maximum working load; be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraphs 3.5.1.2 and 3.5.1.3 and w ith regard to paragraph 3.5.1.1 in a seaway Retrieval arrangements for rescue craft should: prov ide for safe retrieval of the craft in a seaway; provide a retrieval speed of at least 0.3 mis when loaded w ith its rescue craft complement of at least six persons and equipment; return the craft to its position of stowage and readiness for use; be of sufficient strength to w ithstand a static load of at least 2.2 times its working load except for the w inch brakes w hich should w ithstand a static load of 1.5 times the maximum working load; be prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.5.2.2 to 3.5.2.4, and with regard to paragraph 3.5.2.1 in a seaway 3.6 Means of passing a line 3.6.1 Mea ns of passing a line from the ship should: 3.7 be capable of throwing a line w ith reasonable accuracy over a distance of at least 230 m; and be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraph 3.6.1.1 Communications (alerting and detection) 3.7.1 Buoyancy equipment intended to support and enable detecti on of persons in the water should: 286 if required, have active means of detection attached w hich is automatically activated when the buoyancy equipment is released and makes it possible to detect the buoyancy equipment in a seaway visually from a ship at a range of at least mile for a period of: LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 201 EDITION Code of practice for evaluation of prototype novel appliances 1.1 at least 15 under clear daytime conditions; and 1.2 at least h under clear night-time conditions; and when carried on tankers, such active means of detection should be of a type which cannot cause ignition of flammable vapours; have passive means of detection which makes it possible to detect the buoyancy equipment in a seaway visually from a ship at a range of at least 0.3 miles under clear daytime conditions and, when illuminated by a searchlight, from a range of at least 0.3 mi les under clear night-time conditions; identify the ship on which it is carried; be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraph 3.7.1.1 and w ith regard to paragraphs 3.7.1.1.1, 3.7.1.1.2 and 3.7.1.2 in a seaway 3.7.2 Individual buoyancy equipment and garments for protection against hypothermia should: 3.7.3 have a manually controlled active means of detection w hich makes it possible to detect a person in a seaway audibly at a range of at least miles in calm weather; have active means of detection w hich makes it possible to detect a person in a seaway visually at a range of at least 0.5 miles under clear night-time conditions for a period of not less than h; have passive means of detection which makes it possible to detect a person in a seaway visually from a ship at a range of at least miles under clear daytime conditions and, when illuminated by a searchlight, from a range of at least 0.2 miles under clear night-time conditions; and be prototype tested w ith regard to paragraph 3.7.2.1 and w ith regard to paragraphs 3.7.2.2 and 3.7.2.3 in a seaway Survival craft should: have active means of detection which makes it possible to visually locate or detect the survival craft in a seaway from a ship or an aircraft, as appropriate: 1.1 at an altitude of 3,000 m at a range of at least 10 miles under clear daytime and night-time conditions for a period of at least 40 s; LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION 287 Life-Saving Appliances 1.2 1.3 1.4 3.7.4 at a range of at least miles under clear night-time conditions for a period of at least min; at a range of at least miles under clear daytime conditions for a period of at least min; at a range of at least miles under clear night-time conditions, which means should be manually operated, have sufficient capacity for at least 12 h operation and, in the case of passive survival craft, should be automatically activated when launched; have passive means of detection which makes it possible to locate and detect the survival craft in a seaway visually from a ship at a range of at least mile in clear daytime conditions and, when illuminated by a searchlight, under clear night-time conditions; identify the ship on which they are carried; be provided w ith items that are prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.7.3.1 and 3.7.3.2 in a seaway Rescue craft should: have active means of detection w hich makes it possible to detect the rescue craft in a seaway from the ship on which they are carried, visually at a range of at least miles under clear dayti me and night-time conditions; have passive means of detection w hich makes it possible to detect the rescue craft in a seaway visually from the ship on w hich they are carried at a range of at least mile under clear daytime conditions and, when illuminated by a searchlight, under clear night-time conditions; identify the ship on which they are carried; be provided w ith items that are prototype tested with regard to paragraphs 3.7.4.1 and 3.7.4.2 in a seaway 3.7.5 The ship should be provided with active means of detection which makes it possible to detect and locate the ship from an altitude of at least 3,000 m at a range of at least 10 miles under clear daytime and night-time conditions for a period of at least 40 s 288 LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES including LSA Code 2017 EDITION ... important International Maritime Organ ization (IMO) instruments dealing with life-saving appliances, namely the International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code, the Revised Recommendation on Testing... w ill prevai l 08 1800 Contents Foreword International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code Resolution MSC.48(66) Preamble Chapter... and Acceptance of Prototype Novel Life-Saving Appliances The International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code was adopted by IMO's Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its 66th session (June 1996)