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GIÁO ÁN PHỤ ĐẠO LỚP 10 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: Tuần ->3 VERB TENSES A PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT 1.The sound /i/ and the sound /i:/ and pronounce them correctly Cách phát âm: lưỡi đưa hướng lên phía trước, khoảng cách môi hẹp, mở rộng miệng sang bên /ɪ/ hit bit little Example / i:/ kick click interested Transcription heat beat meat repeat read eaten Meaning sheep /∫i:p/ cừu meal marine see bean heel peel cheap seat eat leek cheek meat cheese tea /mi:l/ /mə'ri:n/ /si:/ /bi:n/ /hi:l/ /pi:l/ /t∫i:p/ /si:t/ /i:t/ /li:k/ /t∫i:k/ /mi:t/ /t∫i:z/ /ti:/ bữa ăn thuộc biển nhìn, trơng hạt đậu gót chân xẻng rẻ chỗ ngồi ăn tỏi tây má thịt phó mát trà Example Transcription Meanings Him /hɪm/ anh hymn Sin Ship Bin It Sit Lick chick Pill begin picture miss Hill /hɪm/ /sɪn/ /∫ɪp/ /bɪn/ /ɪt/ /sɪt/ /lɪk/ /t∫ɪk/ /pɪl/ /bɪ'gɪn/ /'pɪkt∫ə/ /mɪs/ /hɪl/ thánh ca tội lỗi, phạm tội tàu thuyền thùng ngồi liềm gà viên thuốc bắt đầu tranh nhớ, nhỡ đồi King Six Wig Grin Fish /kɪŋ/ /siks/ /wɪg/ /grɪn/ /fɪ∫/ vua số chửi mắng cười toe toét cá The simple present tense (Thì đơn) Form ( Cấu trúc) I, we, you, they Vinf He, she, it, Vs/es Use (Cách dùng)  Diễn tả chân lý, thật hiển nhiên The sun rises in the East  Diễn tả thói quen, hành động xảy thường xuyên Mary often goes to school by bicycle  Diễn tả việc xảy theo thời gian biểu chương trình, kế hoạch định theo thời gian biểu The train leaves at seven twenty-three tomorrow morning * Lưu ý: Ta thêm es sau động từ tận là: o,s,x,xh,sh Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)  Always, usually, sometimes, often, normally, generally, occasionally, as a rule, never, rarely, seldom, …  Every: everyday, every morning, every Saturday…  Three times a week, twice a month, from time to time… * ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY * Các trạng từ mức độ thường xuyên đứng trước động từ thường đứng sau trạng từ to be - always : luôn - usually: ( mang nghĩa gần always ko thường xuyên ) - sometimes: - often : thường thường - seldom : - never : không - normally: - occasionally: Vocabulary: Daily routine (n): thói quen ngày, cơng việc ngày Bank (n) [bæηk] : bờ Boil (v) [boil]: luộc, đun sôi(nước) Plough (v) [plau]: cày( ruộng) Harrow (v) ['hærou]: bừa(ruộng) Plot of land (exp): ruộng 19 Local tobacco: ['loukəl tə'bækou]: thuốc lào 20 Farmer (n) ['fɑ:mə]: nông dân 21 Take an hour’s rest: nghỉ ngơi tiếng 22 Take a short rest(exp): nghỉ ngơi ngắn (take-took-taken) Fellow peasant (exp): bạn nông dân Lead (v) [led]: dẫn, dắt(trâu) Buffalo(n) ['bʌfəlou]: trâu 10 Pump(v) [pʌmp]: bơm(nước) 11 Chat (v) [t∫æt]=talk in a friendly way: nói chuyện phím, tán gẫu 12 Crop (n) [krɔp]: vụ, mùa 13 Do the transplanting (exp) [træns'plɑ:ntin]: cấy lúa 14 Be contented with (exp) [kən'tentid] = be satisfied with(exp) ['sỉtisfaid]: hài lịng 15 Go off =ring (v): reo leo, reng len( chuông) 16 Get ready [get 'redi] = prepare(v) [pri'peə]: chuẩn bị 17 Be disappointed with (exp) [disə'pɔint]: thất vọng 18 Be interested in (exp) ['intristid] : thích thú, quan tâm 23 Timetable(n) ['taimtəbl]=schedule(n) ['∫edju:l; 'skedʒul]: thời gian biểu, thời khóa biểu 24 Civic education(n) ['sivik edju:'kei∫n]: giáo dục công dân 25 Technology(n) [tek'nɔlədʒi]: công nghệ học 26 Literature(n) ['litrət∫ə] : văn chương, văn học 27 Information technology(n) [ infə'mei∫n tek'nɔlədʒi] : công nghệ thông tin 28 Geography(n) [dʒi'ɔgrəfi] : địa lý học 29 History(n) ['histri] : lịch sử học 30 Chemistry(n) ['kemistri]: hoá học 31 Physics(n) ['fiziks]: vật lý học 32 Physical education (n) ['fizikl edju:'kei∫n]: giáo dục thể chất 33 Biology(n) [bai'ɔlədʒi]: sinh vật học 3.The past simple tense ( Thì khứ đơn) Form ( Cấu trúc) I, we, you, they, he, she, it      Ved V2 Use (Cách dùng) Diễn tả hành động xảy chấm dứt khứ, thời gian xác định rõ Tom went to Paris last week Diễn tả hành động diễn suốt khoảng thời gian khứ, hoàn toàn chấm dứt She worked as a secretary for five years and now she is a teacher Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian) Yesterday, yesterday morning, in the past, in 1985, when I was young, when I was a child… Last: last night, last year, last month, last summer Ago: two days ago, three weeks ago, a month ago B PHẦN THỰC HÀNH Choose the word whose underlined part has a different pronunciation from the others in each group: 1/A sky B pretty C why D by 2/ A knife B routine C dinner D kick 3/ A brown B down C now D show n 4/ A kitche n B whe n C mess D de bt 5/ A desks B rulers C bags D pens 6/ A minute B muddy C fu nny D number 7/ A born B world C for k D shor t 8/ A h ouse B hour C how D h orse 9/ A pay B bay C day D quay 10/ A died B continued C contented D followed Select the synonym of the following bold and underlined word in each sentence in the unit: 1/ Ask and answer questions about your daily routine , using the cues below A action B trip C way D habit 2/ I drink some cups of tea, have a quick breakfast and then lead the buffalo to the field A strong B fast C mighty D powerful 3/ I leave the house at a quarter past five and arrive in the field at exactly 5.30 A 10 minutes B 15 minutes C 20 minutes D 30 minutes 4/ I continue to work from a quarter past eight till 10.30 A keep away B keep back C keep down D keep on 5/ During my break I often drink tea with my fellow peasants and smoke local tobacco A men B women C person D people 6/ Then I go home, take a short rest and have lunch with my family at 11.30 A break B relaxation C while D time 7/ We finish our work at pm, sometimes much later A now and then B lately C recently D and so on 8/ We have done everything as planned A programmed B thought C said D mentioned 9/ The police want to discuss these recent racist attacks with local people A say to B tell about C speak of D talk to 10/ It takes me 30 minutes to prepare A get ready B make easy C keep clean D be good Multiple choice questions: I at school at the weekend A am B is C are She on Friday A don’t study B isn’t study C doesn’t study He a new haircut today A have B has C haves I usually breakfast at 7.00 A have B has C haves she in a house? A Does she live B Do she live C Is she live We to Spain every summer A fly B flys C flyes My mother eggs for breakfast at this time A fry B frys C fries Water at 100 degree Centigrade A boil B boils C boiling George to the movies right now A are going B goes C doesn’t go 10 How many languages ? D be D aren’t study D to have D to have D Are she live D flies D is frying D is boiling D is not going A you speak B are you speak C are you speaking D will you speak 11 I your telephone number A not know B don’t know C don’t knew D am not knowing 12 Bad students never hard A works B work C are working D is working 13 Light faster than sound A travels B travels C travel D is travelling 14 He usually his work before o’clock A finish B finishes C is finishing D finishing 15 _Mr Lam his teeth at the moment? A Does- brush B is - brushing C are- brushing D is- brush 16 What time Nam a civic Education lesson on Monday ? A do_ have B does_ have C does – has D did _ have 17 We _ speaking English now A practice B practices C are practicing D practiced 18 He doesn’t usually _ newspapers after dinner A read B reads C am reading D was reading 19 She _ to school on Sundays A doesn’t go B don’t go C doesn’t goes D didn’t go 20.Michael _ thirty hours a week A works B worked C has worked D is working The simple present tense Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative, or question: Example: He (visit) visits _his parents very often He doesn’t visit his parents very often Does he visit his parents very often? He (go) _to School everyday She (come) _ from Germany Daisy usually (go) _ to work by car We (watch) TV every night He (walk) to work every day He (be) in Ca Mau They (be) students She (wash) _her clothes every Sunday She (study) _English every day 10 He (want) _ to become a teacher Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present simple tense: She usually (walk) _ to school What time Mary usually (get) up every morning? She (not wash) her clothes every weekend _they (be) teachers? It (not be) often cold in summer Tom usually (walk) _ to school He (be) _ a student I (be) _ sixteen years old They (be) very friendly 10 He often (wash) the car at weekends 11 What time you often (get) up every morning? 12 she (like) English? 13 Every week she (go) to visit her parents 14 What time your father usually (get) _ up? 15 We (not go) to school on Sundays 16 We (not be) _very lazy 17 The Earth (go) _around the Sun 18 I (visit) _my parents very often 19 _he (go) _to school every day? 20 _she (come) _from Japanese? Exercise 3: Circle the underlined word or phrase that is not correct Mr Miller doesn’t likes being kept waiting A B C D She had coffee and bread for breakfast every morning A B C D Peter never go to bed before he has finished his homework A B C D The weather generally get quite hot in July and August A B C D Birds builds their nests in the summer and fly to the south in Winter A B C D Tom Smith have musical talent, but he is a very lazy boy A B C D He often is saying that he wishes he is born rich A B C D Mike is usually driving to work, but today he is walking A B C D Please don’t make so much noise I study A B C D 10 Hoa writing a letter in her room at the moment A B C D Put the verb in the correct form: 1/ My sister (not listen) _ to the radio at all 2/ How many languages (your teacher/ speak) _? 3/ What time (shops/ open) _ in your hometown? 4/ My brother has a motorbike but he (not use) _ it very often 5/ How many cups of coffee (your father/ drink) _ a day? 6/ What (your uncle/ do) _? – He’s a policeman 7/ What (these words/ mean) _? 8/ Where (your grandparents/ live) _ now? 9/ I (not like) _ Literature but I (enjoy) _ learning English 10/ Birds (sing) _, (they/ do) _? The past simple tense Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative, or question: xample: He (watch) watched a good programme on TV last night He didn’t watch a good programme on TV last night Did he watch a good programme last night? Mary (go) _ shopping for me yesterday The policeman (drive) away ten minutes ago The biscuit factory (close) last year The headmaster (come) _ to the school in 1985 You (spend) a lot of money last month I last (go) to Spain in 1990 The boy (finish) _their homework yesterday Rolf (buy) _ the leather jacket last week I (have) a little trouble with my car last week 10 She (wash) her clothes last night Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense: They (begin) to study at this school years ago She (lose) her handbag on the train yesterday morning We (visit) _ that city last year Peter and Daisy (be) born in 1978 you (spend) _ your holiday in Dalat last summer? She (clean) _the bicycle yesterday They (start) school in 1998 My friend and I (go) to the seaside last week We (spend) _ hours on the beach last Sunday 10 He (be) in Ha Noi last year 11 His father (die) _ in 1930 12 Lincoln (work) in this factory three years ago 13 I (do) _my homework last night 14 Miss White (write) to her father last Monday 15 My parents (buy) _the car last year 16 Hoa (read) _the book yesterday 17 He (listen) _to the radio last night 18 We (watch) _ a good programme on TV last night 19 Mary (go) _shopping for me yesterday 20 I (be) _ in Ha Noi last month 21 My parents (go) _to HCM city last week 22 Yesterday we (have) _a meeting at our school 23 Mary (meet) _her parents two week ago 24 She (be) _born in 1992 25 What you (do) _last night 26 Last summer I (study) _English in Can Tho City 27 She (not visit) _her son last week 28 In 1997 there (be) _a terrible storm 29 They (build) _the house twenty years ago 30 John (do not) _come to my birthday party last Sunday Exercise 3: Put the verb in the bracket Sue ( work) _at ten o’clock yesterday morning What you ( do) at p.m yesterday?- well, I ( work) in my office At last night, Mrs Smith ( wash) _the dishes while her children (study) their lesson 4.Yesterday I ( see) an accident while I ( wait) for you on this corner 5.While I ( walk) to class yesterday morning, I ( meet) Mary I (go) fishing with my uncle last week 7.My younger brother often ( cry) at night when he ( be) years old 8.Yesterday afternoon, the boys ( break) the windows when they (play) _ football 9.He often ( catch) _ the bus to his university last year 10.I ( read) when the light ( go) out 11.They (move) to this town in 1987 12.I ( watch) this film three days ago Exercise 4: Choose the best answer It was midnight Outside it very hard a rain b is raining c rained d was raining While I was working in the garden, my son video games a was playing b played c has played d has been playing When I was a child, _ the violin a I was playing b I had played c I play d I played I _ a book when he came in a was reading b read c am reading d have read Stephen _ on the phone when I came in a phoned b was talking c has talked d has been talking We _ English at this time last week a learned b were learning c have learned d had learned The light _ out while we _ tea a went/ were having b was going/ had c had gone/ are having d has gone/ have Alan took a photograph of Sandra while she a didn’t look b wasn’t looking c hasn’t looked d hadn’t looked What _last Sunday? a did you did b was you doing c did you d had you done 10 I asleep while I television a was falling/ watch b fell/ was watching c was falling / was watching d fell / watched 11 You your new hat when I _ you yesterday a wore / met b wore / was meeting c wore/ had met d were wearing/ met 12 He was sitting in the garden when a the storm has broken b the storm broke c the storm had broken d the storm breaks 13 Tim was washing his hair while a I was cleaning up the kitchen b I cleaned up the kitchen c I am cleaning up the kitchen d I had cleaned up the kitchen 14 He in Paris four years ago a is living b will live c lives d lived 15 My father for that company from 1995 to 2005 a was working b has worked c had worked d worked Exercise 5: Circle the underlined word or phrase that is not correct When I came in, everyone were watching a film A B C D When I arrived home, my father was reading the newspaper and my mother watched TV A B C D The phone rung while I was washing the dishes A B C D When I got home form work last night, my daughter did her homework A B C D Last year my little brother win the first prize in a Music Contest A B C D He didn’t helped me carry my heavy suitcase when he saw me three days ago A B C D Make sentences based on the given words: 1/ the children/ always/ fond/ candy/ such/ chocolate/ cakes …………………………………………………………………… 2/ my teacher/ sometimes/ get/ angry/ me/ because/ I/ not homework …………………………………………………………………… 3/ Nhung/ good/ studious/ student/ and/ never/ late/ school …………………………………………………………………… 4/ my mother/ go/ work/ 6.30/ every day …………………………………………………………………… 5/ it/ seldom/ rain/ summer/ that place ……………………………………………………… 6/ she/ occasionally/ misunderstand/ me/ but/ it/ not/ matter …………………………………………………………………… 7/ my mother/ go/ market/ twice/ week …………………………………………………………………… 8/ she/ usually/ afraid/ dogs/ but/ she/ like/ cats …………………………………………………………………… 9/ how often/ you/ go/ dancing/ club/ summer? …………………………………………………………………… 10/ we/ often/ go/ there/ four times/ month/ summer ………………………………………………………………………………………… CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: Tuần ->6 SCHOOL TALK A PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT Pronunciation: / ∧ / and /a:/ / ∧/ love much study subject /a:/ dancing stars far father Examples Example Transcription Meaning up /ʌp/ lên trên, wonderful cut bun dump shutter stump /'wʌndəfʊl/ tuyệt diệu cắt bánh bao nhân nho đống rác cửa chớp gốc rạ, gốc /kʌt/ /bʌn/ /dʌmp/ /'ʃʌtə(r)/ /stʌmp/ cup hut suck bug hug must much sunny ugly shut down untrue /kʌp/ /hʌt/ /sʌk/ /bʌg/ /hʌg/ /mʌst/ /mʌtʃ/ /`sʌni/ /`ʌgli/ /'ʃʌtdaʊn/ /ʌn`tru:/ tách, chén túp lều mút, hút (v) rệp ôm chặt phải nhiều nắng, có nắng xấu xí tắt máy (máy tính) sai, khơng Example Transcription /bɑː/ bar /gɑːd/ guard /hɑːt/ heart father Meaning quán rượu, quán bar bảo vệ trái tim /ˈfɑː.ðə/ /stɑːt/ start /hɑːd/ hard /kɑːp/ carp /kɑːt/ cart /bɑːn/ barn /mɑːtʃ/ March marvelous /ˈmɑːvələs/ /smɑːt/ smart hearken /'hɑːkən/ laugh /lɑːf/ bố bắt đầu khó khăn bắt bẻ, chê bai xe bị, xe ngựa ngơi nhà đơn sơ tháng ba kỳ diệu thông thái lắng nghe (thường dùng văn chương) cười 1.WH-QUESTION 1.Question words used as subject ( Từ để hỏi dùng làm chủ từ) * Wh-question V O ? Who teaches you English every day? Who you teach English every day? *Question words use as objects or modifiers ( Từ để hỏi dùng làm tân ngữ bổ ngữ) Wh-question aux.V S Vm O ? Aux V: auxiliary verb trợ động từ Vm: main verb động từ Lưu ý: Đối với thì mượn trợ động từ tương ứng Đối với động từ khiếm khuyết (can, could, may, shall, should) ta mượn động từ khiếm khuyết làm trợ động từ Question words To ask about Who Hỏi người 10 Example Who is your English 10/ Keep _ by eating well and exercising regularly A health B healthful C healthy D healthily 4/ Supply either BECAUSE or BECAUSE OF as appropriate: 1/ “Why did you it?” “ _ Carlos told me to” 2/ I did it _ he told me to 3/ The train was delayed _ bad weather 4/ They are here _ us 5/ Just _ I don’t complain, people think I’m satisfied 6/ We can't go to Julia's party _ we're going away that weekend 7/ Have you been away, _ we haven't seen you recently? 8/ He walked slowly _ his bad leg 9/ _ his wife's being there, I said nothing about it 10/ It was not easy to deliver the letter _ there was no address on it 5/ Complete the following sentences with “for” or “since”, and the correct form of the verb in brackets: 1/ There (be) _ a phone message _ you 2/ She (be) _ off work _ Tuesday 3/ I (buy) _ something _ the new baby 4/ We (live) _ here _ 1994 5/ There (be) _ a prize _ the fastest three runners in each category 6/ She (worry) _ ever _ the letter (arrive) _ 7/ She (be) _ out of the office _ a few days next week 8/ He (work) _ in a bank _ leaving school 9/ _ the party she (only speak) _ to him once 10/ I (not play) _ tennis _ years 6/ Rewrite the sentences using the word given in brackets: 1/ We don’t trust Lan because she behaves badly (because of) → I don’t trust 2/ Phong passed the exams with good results because of his hard work (because) → Phong passed _ 3/ Mr Nam was successful in his life although he came from a poor family (in spite of) → Mr Nam was successful 4/ Mrs Hoa is still interested in playing tennis in spite of her old age (although) → Mrs Hoa is still _ 5/ Though it was raining hard outside, they insisted on leaving (despite) → They insisted _ 6/ She can’t smile because her husband died three weeks ago (because of) → She can’t 7/ Mr Son resigned earlier than his age because of his sickness (because) → Mr Son resigned 8/ Don’t shout at her although she is not studious (in spite of) → Don’t shout Exercise 7: Choose the most suitable answer We decided to leave early ………… …………….the party was boring A because B because of C although D in spite of Paul can’t go to the football game ……………………………his grades was bad A because B because of C although D in spite of Marcella was awarded a scholarship……………….her high grade A because B because of C even though D in spite of 51 We plan to spend our vacation in the mountains ………… the air is purer there A because B because of C although D in spite of She refused the job …the high salary A because B because of C although D in spite of We did the test well… …it was difficult A because B because of C though D in spite of I put the food in the fridge … I want it to get cold A because B because of C although D in spite of I couldn’t sleep ………… I was really tired A because B because of C although D despite … Janet wanted to save money, she gave up smoking A because B because of C although D in spite of 10 The flight was not delayed… …the fog A because B because of C although D in spite of 11 We have to drive around the bay …………… the bridge was destroyed in the storm A because B because of C even though D in spite of 12 The chickens have died …………….the intense heat A because B because of C even though D in spite of 13 We arrived late ………… the bad weather A because B because of C although D in spite of 14 I didn’t get the job ……… …being extremely qualified A because B because of C although D in spite of 15 … … , it was in good condition A because the car was cheap B because ofthe car was cheap C although the car was cheap D despite the car was cheap 16 Mary didn’t go to school ………… A despite being ill B although she was ill C because of being ill D because she being ill 17 …, we enjoyed our vacation A Even though it rained a lot B Because it rained a lot C In spite of raining a lot D Because of raining a lot 18 I didn’t go swimming ………………… A although the rain B because of the rain C despite the rain D because the rain 19 …… …, I arrived on time A Because the traffic was bad B In spite of the traffic was bad C Though the bad traffic D Although the traffic was bad 20 We did the test badly… … A because it was difficult B because of being difficult C even though it was difficult D despite it was difficult Exercise 8: Find ONE mistake in each sentence Students can now study at home instead of at the libraryb because the Internet A B C D Even though being ill, Mary still went to school last Monday A B C D She couldn't come in time because of she missed the bus A B C D 52 The flight may be cancelled in spite of the thick fog A B C D CHUYÊN ĐỀ 8: THE STORY OF MY VILLAGE Tuần 21 ->23 A-PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT Pronunciation: /aʊ/ and/əʊ/ cow coat town phone how bone Shout rose loudly snow ours over Example Transcription Meaning /kaʊ/ cow bò house /haʊs/ nhà now /naʊ/ foul /faʊl/ hôi hám, bẩn thỉu about /əˈbaʊt/ độ chừng, khoảng flower /ˈflaʊə(r)/ hoa allow /əˈlaʊ/ cho phép out /aʊt/ ngoài, bên how /haʊ/ plough /plaʊ/ cày route /raʊt/ tuyến đường ouch /aʊtʃ/ ngọc nạm, kim cương nạm (vào trang sức) bow /baʊ/ cung brow /braʊ/ mày, lông mày grouse /graʊs/ gà gô trắng Identify the vowels which are pronounce /aʊ/ (Nhận biết nguyên âm phát âm /aʊ/) "ou" phát âm /aʊ/ từ có nhóm "ou" với hay hai phụ âm Example Transcription /faʊnd/ found Meaning tìm thấy (quá khứ find) cloud /klaʊd/ đám mây bound /baʊnd/ biên giới, giới hạn doubt /daʊt/ nghi ngờ, ngờ vực hound /haʊnd/ chó săn 53 loud /laʊd/ (âm thanh) ầm ĩ, to mouth /maʊ/ mồm, miệng plough /plaʊ/ cày south /saʊ/ hướng nam, phía nam stout /staʊt/ bền, dũng cảm, kiên cường around county /əˈraʊnd/ sound /saʊnd/ fountain mountain /ˈfaʊntɪn/ xung quanh, vịng quanh hạt, tỉnh cách đắn, hồn toàn đủ suối nước, nguồn nước núi /ˈkaʊnti/ /ˈmaʊntɪn/ Identify the vowels which are pronounce /əʊ/ (Nhận biết nguyên âm phát âm /əʊ/) "O" thường phát âm /əʊ/ cuối từ Example Transcription gəʊ/ go no Meaning /nəʊ/ không /əˈgəʊ/ ago mosquito /məˈskiːtəʊ/ /pəˈteɪtəʊ/ potato /təˈmɑːtəʊ/ tomato /təʊ/ toe trước muỗi khoai tây cà chua ngón chân "oa" phát âm /əʊ/ từ có âm tiết tận hay hai phụ âm Example Transcription /kəʊt/ coat Meaning áo choàng road /rəʊd/ đường coal /kəʊl/ than đá loan /ləʊn/ cho vay nợ moan /məʊn/ tiếng than, tiếng rên vang goat /gəʊt/ dê moat /məʊt/ hào, xung quanh thành trì soap /səʊp/ xà phịng coast /kəʊst/ bờ biển load /ləʊd/ vật nặng, gánh nặng 54 Vocabulary crop (n) [krɔp] vụ mùa produce (v) [prə'dju:s] làm , sản xuất help (v) [help] giúp đỡ hard (adv) [hɑ:d] vất vả, gian khổ harvest (v) ['hɑ:vist] thu họach rice field (n) ['rais'fi:ld] cánh đồng lúa make ends meet (v) kiếm đủ tiền để sống to be in need of (a) thiếu simple (a) ['simpl] đơn giản, dễ hiểu 10 straw (n) [strɔ:] rơm 11 mud (n) [mʌd] bùn 12 brick (n) [brik] gạch 13 shortage (n) ['∫ɔ:tidʒ] túng thiếu 14 manage ['mænidʒ] (v) to sth : giải , xoay sở 15 villager (n) ['vilidʒə] dân làng 16 send (v) somebody to school / college ['kɔlidʒ] : gửi học phổ thông / đại học 17 techical high school (n) trường trung học kĩ thuật 18 farming method (n) [fɑ:miη, 'meθəd] : phương pháp canh tác 19 bumper crop (n) mùa màng bội thu 20 cash crop (n) ['kæ∫krɒp] vụ mùa trồng để bán 21 export (v) ['ekspɔ:t] xuất 22 thanks to (conj.) nhờ vào 23 knowledge (n) ['nɔlidʒ] kiến thức 24 bring home : [briη, houm] mang 25 lifestyle (n) [laifstail] lối sống 26 better (v) ['betə] cải thiện, làm cho tốt 27 comfortably (adv) ['kʌmfətəbli] : dễ chịu, thỏai mái 28 grandchild (n)['grỉndt∫aid] cháu (của ơng bà) 29 make ends meet [mi:t] (exp.) kiếm đủ sống 30 in need [ni:d] of many things : thiếu thốn nhiều thứ REPORTED SPEECH Các bước tiến hành - Đổi ngơi, thì, từ thời gian v nơi chốn Ex: “ I was here last night” → Tom said he had been there the night before a Ngơi: theo nguyn tắc NHẤT CHỦ, NHÌ TN, TAM NGUYN - Đổi thứ NHẤT phù hợp với CHỦ TỪ mệnh đề - Đổi ngơi thứ HAI phù hợp với TN NGỮ mệnh đề - Ngôi thứ BA không đổi Ex: “ I (ngơi 1) want to meet you (2) and your (2)sister at the meeting” → Jack (chủ từ) told me(tn ngữ) he wanted to meet me and my sister Subject Object Possessive Adjective I (1) me my You (2) you your He (3) him his She (3) her her 55 It (3) We (1) You (2) They (3) it us you them its our your their b Đổi Direct Speech Present Simple: V1 Present Progressive: am/ is/ are +V-ing Present Perfect: has/have + V3/ed Past Simple: V2/ed Past Progressive: was/were + V-ing Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Future Simple: will/shall + Vo can may 10 must Reported Speech Past Simple: V2/ed Past Progressive : was/ were +V-ing Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Past Perfect: had + V3/ed Past perfect progressive had + been +V-ing Past Perfect: had + V3/ed would/should + Vo could might 10 had to c Đổi trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn Direct Speech Reported Speech that day/ that night the day before the week before/ the previous week before then the following day the following week that those 10 there today/tonight yesterday last week ago now tomorrow next week this these 10 here CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Types and Use If Clause ( Mđề IF) Future Possible V1 /s /es → ĐK xảy IF + S + /does +not + V1 *BE: am, is ,are HT&TL Present Unreal: → ĐK xảy IF + S + HT&TL V2ed did not + V1 *BE: were 56 Main Clause ( Mđề chính) S+ S+ will shall can may Would should could might + V1 + V1 Past Unreal: → ĐK xảy IF + S + had + V3ed QK S+ would should could might + have + V3ed Ex: If it is fine, we will go I’d fly everywhere if I were a bird If you had met the president yesterday, what would you have done? Mệnh đề điều kiện đứng trước sau mệnh đề “Would have been doing” dùng thay cho “ would have done ” mệnh đề Eg : At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car because Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front.If Tom’s boy hadn’t been there I would have been sitting in front *”Had been doing” dùng thay cho “ had done “ mệnh đề điều kiện -I was wearing a seatbelt If I hadn’t been wearing one, I’d been seriously injured Trong mệnh đề điều kiện, ta thay liên từ “If ” “ Unless” (nếu .không,trừ phi) “Unless” tương đương với “If not” -If you don’t study hard, you’ll fail in the exam ->Unless you study hard, you’ll fail in the exam -If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die ->Unless she water these trees, they will die Khi ta đổi câu điều kiện với từ nối “ IF ” sang “UNLESS”, nhớ lưu ý trường hợp mệnh đề “IF” thể khẳng định không đổi sang thể phủ định dùng Unless mà phải đổi mệnh đề sang thể ngược lại -If I have time, I’ll help you -> Unless I have time, I won’t help you -If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster ->Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster -If I won a big prize in a lottery, I wouldn’t build a school for the poor ->Unless I won a big prize in a lottery, I wouldn’t build a school for the poor Ta cĩ thể rt gọn cơng thức sau: IF - clause >unless Thể phủ định ->khẳng định (mệnh đề khơng đổi) Thể khẳng định ->khẳng định (đổi động từ mệnh sang thể ngược lại) B PHẦN THỰC HÀNH CONDITIONAL SENTENCE I Exercise 1: Choose the best answer If the weather ………nice tomorrow, we …… swimming A is-go B is-will go C will be-go D will be-will go The roads will be flooded ……… we resurface and raise them A if B unless C when D so If Tom is late again, he ………….his job A loses B lost C will lose D would lose We will go skiing if it ……………this winter A snows B snowed C will snow D is snowing ………… if you take the map with you A You will get lost B You will not get lost C You get lost D You got lost Don’t worry You ………….told if there’s a change of the plan A are B will C will be D would be I will give your regards to her………… I meet her tomorrow A if B even if C when D while 57 You will waste a lot of time if you the car A takes B took C will take D don’t take You will never finish that job by tomorrow morning unless you ……some help A will get B would get C get D don’t get 10 You will become ill ………… you don’t stop working so hard A until B when C unless D if Exercise : Supply the correct form of the verb in parentheses in order to make present probable condition If Liz studies hard, she………………… ( pass) her test If I have time tomorrow, I (go)………………… shopping with you If you (turn)……………… off the light, we will be in the dark He ( send)……………… you some information if you tell him your address If Kate( be)…………… late again, she will lose her job She will be sick if she (eat) ………… all that ice-cream If we go out tomorrow evening, we (miss)………… that new programme on TV I (be………………… angry if it turns out that you are wrong If he (finish)……………… with the computer, I will put it away 10 If you (leave) …………………… now, when will you be home ? 11 You (have to)…………………… finish writing it if you want to leave now 12 If it (not rain) ……………………, we will have the party outside 13 She will ask you if she (need)……………… help 14 I (not stay) …………….out if it starts to rain hard 15 If the weather( be)……………… nice tomorrow, will we go for a long walk? Exercise : Read situations and write the conditional sentence for each one Drive carefully or you will cause accident If ………………………………………………………………………………… Be quiet or you’ll wake the baby up If ………………………………………………………………………………… 3.Unless she listens carefully , she will make some mistakes If ………………………………………………………………………………… If the weather is not bad, we can go out  Unless ………………………………………………………………………………… If I don’t have a date with my old classmates this weekend, I can go to the beach with you  Unless I ………………………………………………………………………………… Unless she drives so fast, she won’t meet accident  If ………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 4: Find ONE mistake in each sentence If we will reduce the speed of population growth, there will be less pressure on the earth A B C D Unless we don’t leave a bowl of water under the sun, it will not evaporate A B C D If we continue to use fuels at the current rate, we would soon have to face a fuel crisis A B C D If she bought that house now, she will ran out of money A B C D What you will if you can speak French well? A B C D 58 Exercises: “Would you mind if we _you by your first name?” “Not at all Please call me Tom.” A called B call C calling D want to call ’ She can t get home _ she has no money A unless B if C Until D without If I had known your new address, we _to see you A came B will come C would come D would have come If we took the 10:30 train, _ A we would arrive too early B we should arrive too early C we will arrive too early D we may arrive too early ’ It s very crowded here I wish there _ so many people A aren’t B weren’t C haven’t been D isn’t I wouldn’t go there at night if I _ you A am B was C were D had been ’ If I _ get a pole, I ll go fishing A can B could C may D might If they had enough time, they _ head south A will B can C must D might If you _ a choice, which country would you visit? A have B had C have had D will have ’ 10 Trees won t grow _ there is enough water A if B when C unless D as 11 _ she agreed, you would have done it A If B Had C Should D Would ’ 12 If you _ to be chosen for the job, you ll have to be experienced in the field A want B wanted C had wanted D wants 13 If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy _ A might be saved B have been saved C was saved D might have been saved 14 If there _, the rice fields could have been more productive A had been enough water B were enough water C would be enough water D are enough water 15 The patient could not recover unless he _ an operation A had undergone B would undergo C underwent D.was undergoing 16 If she _ him, she would be very happy A would meet B will meet C is meeting D should meet 17 If he _ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post A had had B had C has D has had 18 If I had enough money, I _ abroad to improve my English A will go B would go C should go D should have to go ’ 19 If it _ convenient, let s go out for a drink tonight 59 A be B is C was D were 20 If you _ time, please write to me A have B had C have had D has 21 If it _ tomorrow, we may postpone going on a picnic A rains B will rain C shall rain D raining ’ 22 If you hadn t watched that late mivie last night, you _ sleepy now A wouldn’t have been B wouldn’t be C might have not been D wouldn’t have been being 23 If you _ as I told you, you _ sorry now A did- would not be B had done- had not been C – would not be D had done – would not be 24 If only I _ him now A see B saw C have seen D seen ’ 25 If I _, I ll let you know A am staying B will stay C stay D would stay 26 If only I _ you wanted to invest money in business A had known B knew C have known D know 27 Linda wishes she _her car A hasn’t sold B hadn’t sold C doesn’t sell D won’t sell 28 He looked frightened as if he _a ghost A had seen B saw C would see D was seeing 29 I wish it _ a holiday today A were B will be C is D had been 30 “My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus.” “ _, we would have picked you up.” A Had we known B If we have known C We had known D If we did know 31 If I _ as young as you are, I _ in a boat round the world A were- would sail B would be – would sail C were- will sail D would- would sail 32 If he _tickets yesterday, he _ on the beach now A had booked- would be lying B had booked- would have lied C booked – would lie D books- will lie 33 If you _ less last night, you _ so bad today A had drunk- would not have felt B drank- would not feel C had drunk- would not feel D would have drunk- would not feel 34 It seemed as if he _ of it before A would never hear B has never heard C never heard D had never heard 35 _ today, she would get home by Friday A Would she leave B Was she leaving C Were she to leave D If she leaves ’ 36 “He s a very brave man.” “Yes, I wish I _ his courage.” A have B had C will have D would have 37 _he _ hard last year, he would have lost the first prize 60 A Hadn’t – studied B Had- studied C Didn’t study D If – had studied 38 We’re going to be late if _ A we not leave right now B we didn’t leave right now C we won’t leave right now D we don’t leave right now 39 “I wish this city _ so noisy.” “I know I wish we _ in the countryside.” A isn’t – live B wasn’t – live C weren’t- live D weren’t – lived 40 He acted as though he _ for days A not eat B hasn’t eaten C hadn’t eaten D didn’t eat 41 We _ the game if we’d had a few more minutes A might have won B won C had won D will win ’ 42 I _ William with me if I had known you and he didn t get along with each other A hadn’t brought B didn’t bring C wouldn’t have brought D.won’t bring 43 If you _ to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now A listen B will listen C had listened D listened 44 _ interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it A Were I B Should I C I was D If I a 45 I _ you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital A would have visited B visited C had visited D visit 46 _ then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years A Had I known B Did I know C If I know D If I would know 47 Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _ the same language? A spoke B speak C had spokenD will speak ’ 48 Unless you _ all of my questions, I can t anything to help you A answered B Answer C would answer D are answering 49 Had you told me that this was going to happen, I _ it A would never have believed B don’t believe C hadn’t believed D can’t believe 50 If Jake _ to go on the trip, would you have gone? A doesn’t agree B didn’t agree C hadn’t agreed D wouldn’t agree B Complete each of the following sentences so that it means the same as the sentence before i.t She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there  She’d ……………………………………………………………… I can’t live in the country because I can’t find a job there  I’d ……………………………………………………………… I don’t have a spare ticket I can’t take you to the concert  If I ……………………………………………………………… 61 The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow  If the children ……………………………………………………… They don’t understand the problem They won’t find a solution  If they …………………………………………………………… He sits around too much He isn’t fit  If he ……………………………………………………………… Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying  If Carol …………………………………………………… Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night  If Rita ……………………………………………………… She’s very thin; perhaps that’s why she feels cold so much  If she …………………………………………………… 10 He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart  If he …………………………………………………… 11 He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car  If he …………………………………………………… 12 My house is guarded by two big dogs That’s the only reason it isn’t broken into every night  If my house ………………………………………………………… 13 The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone  If the flats … ……………………………………………………… 14 I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you  If I …………………………………………………………………… 15 She works in the evening She has no time to play with her children  If she ………………………………………………………………… 16 I don’t want them to be upset, so I’ve decided not to tell them what happened  They …………………………………………………………… 17 I am not tall enough to join the basketball team  If I …………………………………………………………………… 18 He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car  If he ………………………………………………………………… 19 Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well  If Peter ……………………………………………………………… 20 Mary doesn’t have enough money She can’t buy a new car  If Mary ……………………………………………………………… 21 Go right now or you’ll be late for the train  If you………………………………………………………………… 62 22 He doesn’t apply for the job because he doesn’t have enough qualifications  If he ………………………………………………………………… 23 Hurry up, or we will be late for the exam  If we ………………………………………………………………… 24 They not understand you because you not often talk to them  If you ………………………………………………………………… 25 Because you speak English unnaturally, they not understand you If you ………………………………………………………………… Forms of reported speech : Các dạng câu tường thuật Statements : ( cu trần thuật, cu kể) Ex: She said, “ I don’t know what happened.”→ She said she didn’t know what had happened S + said / told + O + that S + V (one tense back) Change these sentences into Reported Speech: Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week” …………………………………………………………………………… Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks” …………………………………………………………………………… Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend” …………………………………………………………………………… Hoa said “I may visit my parents in the summer” …………………………………………………………………………… She said “She doesn’t buy this book” …………………………………………………………………………… The boys said “We have to try our best to win the match” Yes- No questions ( Cu hỏi Yes- No) Ex: He said to me, “Will you go with her father next week?”  He asked me if/whether I would go with her father the following week S + asked + O/ wondered, wanted to know + if/whether + S + V ( one tense back) Change these questions into Reported Speech: “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter …………………………………………………………………………… “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom …………………………………………………………………………… “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend …………………………………………………………………………… “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter …………………………………………………………………………… She said to me “Can you speak Chinese?” …………………………………………………………………………… Wh- questions ( Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi) Ex: He said to me, “Why did you go with her father last week?”  He asked me why I had gone with her father the week before S + asked + O/ wondered, wanted to know+ wh - word + S + V (one 63 tense back) Change these questions into Reported Speech: “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me …………………………………………………………………………… “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan …………………………………………………………………………… Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?” …………………………………………………………………………… Tuan asked Ba “Why did you go to the bank yesterday?” …………………………………………………………………………… “How long have you used this card?” Nga asked Hoa …………………………………………………………………………… Imperative ( Cu mnh lệnh) Ex: “Hurry up, Lan”, said he  He told Lan to hurry up “ Don’t eat too much,” Mary said to me  Mary told me not to eat too much S + told/ asked/ ordered/ requested… + O + to Vo ( mệnh lệnh khẳng định) + not to Vo ( mệnh lệnh phủ định) Change these questions into Reported Speech: Henry said too his mother “ Come and spend a week with us.” …………………………………………………………………………… The mother said to her son: Don’t move, please.” …………………………………………………………………………… Mike said to Henry, “ Give me my book back, please.” …………………………………………………………………………… “ Don’t play on the grass, boys,” said she …………………………………………………………………………… “ Keep a seat fro me in the lecture hall,” he said to me …………………………………………………………………………… “ Don’t make so much noise,” said he …………………………………………………………………………… Choose the best option that best completes each sentence: Ba said he some good marks last semester A gets B got C getting D have got They asked me how many children _ A I had B had I C I have D have I Thu said she had been _ the day before A here B there C in this place D where The student said that the English test _ the most difficult A is B was C will be D have been They told their parents that they their best to the test 64 A try B will try C are trying D would try She asked me where I _ from A come B coming C to come D came She me whether I liked classical music or not A ask B asks C asked D asking He asked me who the editor of that book A was B were C is D has been He wants to know whether I _ back tomorrow A come B came C will come D would come 10 I wonder why he love his family A doesn’t B don’t C didn’t D hasn’t 11 He asked her - if someone stepped on her feet A what she would say B what would she say C what will she say D she would say what 12 Jack asked his sister…………… A where she would go the following dayB where you will go tomorrow B where you have gone tomorrow D where would she go the following day 13 She said she _ A was very tired last night B was very tired the night before C had been very tired last night D had been very tired the night before 14 Emily said that her teacher _ to London _ A will go / tomorrow B went / tomorrow C would go / the next day D had gone / the next day 15 She asked _ A where was her umbrella B if who has given C who had given D that who had given 16 Robert said that his father _ to Dallas the year before A goes B went C has gone D had gone 17 The mother asked her son _ A where he has been B where he had been C where has he been D where had he been 18 Martin asked me _ A how is my father B how my father is C how was my father D how my father was 19 The host asked Peter _ tea or coffee A whether he preferred B that he preferred C did he prefer D if he prefers 20 She asked me _ my holidays _ A where I spent / the previous year B where I had spent / the previous year C where I spent / last year D where did I spend / last year 21 The guest told the host that _ A I must go now B he must go now C he had to go now D he had to go then -65 ... quan hệ) Noun replaced (Danh từ thay thế) Functions (Chức năng) Who Danh từ người Làm chủ từ Whom Danh từ người Làm tân ngữ Which Danh từ vật Làm chủ từ tân ngữ that whose Danh từ người,vật, thay... trước danh từ Whose kèm với danh từ John found a cat whose leg was broken Relative adverbs  When: When trạng từ quan hệ thời gian, đứng sau danh từ thời gian When thaycho at/on/in + danh từ... ý chí mạnh mẽ ( giáo dục phổ thơng) Ambitious(a) [æm'bi∫əs] khát vọng lớn Hard-working(a) ['hɑ:d'wə:kiη]: chăm [in'telidʒənt] (a): thông minh Brilliant (a):['briljənt] sáng láng 9.Humane(a)