The diversity of medicinal plants at huu lien nature reserve huu lung district lang son province

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM FORESTRY UNIVERSITY STUDENT THESIS THE DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AT HUU LIEN NATURE RESERVE, HUU LUNG DISTRICT, LANG SON PROVINCE Advanced Education Program Developed in Collaboration with Colorado State University, USA Code: 7850101 Student: PHAN THI THU HA Student ID: 1453090702 Class: K59B Natural Resources Management Course: 2014 - 2018 Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Vu Quang Nam Hanoi, 10/2018 CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT LIST OF ACRONYMS ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2: GOALS, SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AND OBJECTS CHAPTER 3: STUDY SITE 10 Natural condition .10 Socio - economic condition 12 CHAPTER 4: METHODS 14 4.1 Desk research method .14 4.2 Field survey method 14 4.3 Medicinal plant resources survey form 14 4.4 Sample treatment method .15 4.5 Data processing and analysis 15 CHAPTER 5: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 17 5.1 List of medicinal plants in Huu Lien Nature Reserve 17 5.2 Diversity of medicinal plant used by phylum, genera and species 17 5.3 Diversity in medicinal plant habits 20 5.4 Diversity of medicinal plants in endangered level 20 5.5 Diversity in medicinal plant uses 22 5.6 Diversity in medicinal parts used 23 5.7 Propose sustainable conservation, spread development of the valuable medicinal plant species in Huu Lien NR 24 REFERENCES 27 APPENDICES 29 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Assoc Prof Dr Vu Quang Nam, for the continuous support of my student thesis study and research, for his motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge He instructed me to complete this graduation thesis I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors of the Vietnam Forestry University, Faculty of Forestry, teachers in the field for their support in all aspects so that I can complete the project I would also thank to Director Nguyen Huu Hung, Director of Huu Lien Nature Reserve, for facilitating me to research here I would also thank to all informants, who support me for my interview, supplied medicinal plant, the treatment as well My research would not have been possible without their helps Lastly, I would like to thank my family for their support and encouragement throughout the learning process And thanks to all my friends who have helped me to complete this graduation thesis LIST OF ACRONYMS NR Nature Reserve VRB Vietnam Red Book NTFPs Non-timber forest products PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal RDP Rural Development Program SB Spectrum Biology WHO World Health Organization ABSTRACT The medicinal plants in Huu Lien Nature Reserve have not been well documented, although medicinal plant resources are declining and many species are endangered This study intends to document information on medicinal plant in Huu Lien Nature Reserve and to preserve the value species as the biomedical remedies in the future The open-ended and semistructured interviews are the methods to document information of medicinal plant use for treatment of human ailments Resulting from this study showed that a total of 80 plant species According to the survey results, a total of 626 species of medicinal plants are present in Huu Lien Nature Reserve and botanically identified as belonging to phyla, 387 genera and 122 families Most of the species are belonged to Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae) with 606 species (96,81%) and some main families are Fabacea, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae Liano-phanerophytes (15,81%), nano-phanerophytes (13,1%), microphanerophytes (11,98%) are the major growth forms The major plant parts used are leaves (38,82%), stems (17,41%), all parts (15,5%), roots (14,38%) and barks (13,89%) There are 34 threatened species listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam (2007), Decree 32/2006/NDCP, IUCN Red List (2012) and Decree 160/2013/ND-CP With appropriate natural conditions to develop medicinal plants, the present study highlights important medicinal plant species by validating their traditional uses High value plant species can improve local economies by developing plan for conservation, sustainable uses and developments CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Since ancient times, people have used medicinal plants to treat and improve health; medicinal plants are not only used for treatment but also for food and spices Today, medicinal plants still play an important role in protecting the health of people living in the buffer zone Moreover, medicinal plants and medicinal plant knowledge are also part of the culture of ethnic minorities However, many useful and valuable medicinal plants have not yet been recognized and widely used It is therefore important to have specific studies and investigations to assess the diversity of medicinal plants in order to provide new and essential data to form the basis for the development of strategies in the planning, manage, protect and develop valuable medicinal plants Huu Lien Nature Reserve, Huu Lung district, Lang Son province is the place where the medicinal plants are extremely rich Huu Lien Nature Reserve was established on August 9, 1986 It is located in the high latitude area and is the transition from tropical to sub-tropical and the terrain is mainly limestone Limestone is a very special ecosystem of our country, it contains a valuable biological resources Located on the Cao Bang - Lang Son limestone range, in the southwest of Lang Son province; Huu Lien Nature Reserve is a place of high biodiversity value as well as diversity of medicinal plants Since its establishment, Huu Lien Nature Reserve has not yet been fully researched on the diversity of medicinal plants on the basis of surveys, data collection and specimens In addition, the protection of natural medicinal plant resources is becoming an urgent need to serve current and future economic and social objectives Therefore, to have a scientific basis for conservation effectively, it is necessary to investigate, collect, statistics and detect all medicinal plants available in this area I research with the title: “The diversity of medicinal plants at Huu Lien Nature Reserve, Huu Lung district, Lang Son province” History of medicinal plants in the world Medicinal plants are a valuable non-timber forest product According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a product is considered herbal when the main ingredient consists of a part of the plant that remains in its original form after being processed If there is a chemical or mineral mixture then the product is no longer herbal The medicinal plant is capable of synthesizing the chemical compounds contained in it which are used for important biological functions of plants or are used against insects, fungi and herbivores The development of mankind is associated with the use of medicinal plants Ever since its appearance on the planet, humans have been known to use plants to sustain life They used plants for food and materials, and then discovered that plants were able to prevent and treat diseases Over time, the experience of using medicinal plants is accumulating and widespread This is the basis for the formation and development of medicinal plants in traditional medicine With the development of mankind, human knowledge has been enhanced, especially the science has developed; the use of medicinal plants has been expanded and has great effect on the improvement of human health Studying the history of medicinal plants of ethnic groups and territories, which is of great interest to many researchers and the researchers also give evidence of the variety of medicinal plants In his book "Chronological History of Plants" published in 1878, Charles Pikering states: As early as 4271 BC, the Middle Eastern people used many species of plants for food and medicine Based on archaeological evidence, Borisova B (1960) points out that: By 5000 BC, medicinal plants were widely used and it was the target of appropriation (with women, food crops, flowering plants) in tribal wars Thus, the importance of medicinal plants has been discovered very early, the collection and exchange of precious medicinal herbs has been practiced since ancient times by warriors Australia is known as the cradle of the world's oldest civilization It is said that the Australian settled here more than 60,000 years ago and formed the practical knowledge of native medicinal plants Many of these species, such as the Eucalyptus globulus, which are found only in Australia, and it is used to treat very effectively However, the knowledge of Australians on herbs was lost when Europeans settled Today, most herbs in Australia come from the West, India, China and the Pacific Rim European herbs are very diverse and are based primarily on classical medicine Galen (131-200 SCN) is a physician of Marcus Aurelius who was the ancient Roman emperor; Galen has a profound influence on the development of herbal medicines He has written hundreds of books and has been applied in medicine in Europe for over 1500 years In the first century AD, a Greek physician named Dioscorides wrote the herbal book called "De material Medica" This book contains 600 herbs, which strongly influenced Western medicine and were the main reference books used in Europe until the seventeenth century The book is translated into many languages such as Old English, Persian and Hebrew In the middle Ages, the doctrine "Signs" confirmed that there was a connection between the appearance of a tree as the "sign of divinity" and its medical use For example, the mottled leaves of Pulmonaria officinalis look like lung tissue and this tree is very effective in treating lung diseases In Africa, the diversity of traditional herbal medicine is greater than in other places Since ancient times, Africa has used medicinal plants for treatment Old manuscripts from ancient Egypt (1950 BC) have listed dozens of medicinal plants and their uses In the papyrus of the Ebers (around 1500 BC) records more than 870 prescriptions and formulas, 700 herbs and diseases, including lung disease and wounds from crocodiles Trade in medicinal plants between the Middle East, India and Northeastern Africa has occurred at least 3,000 years ago From the 5th to the 13th century AD, the Arab herbalists were leaders in the advancement of medicine In the mid-13th century, Ibn El Beitar was a botanist who published "Medical Problems" This book lists the types of medicinal plants in North Africa China and India are famous for their traditional medicine At the beginning of the second century, Chinese medicine was known to use medicinal plants for treatment as: Using Tea (Thea sinensis) to clean the wound and bathe the scabies In the book "Chinese Medicine Tree" published in 1985 listed a variety of plants for treating diseases such as: The roots of Momordoca cochinchinensis to treat venom, inflammation of the lining Momordoca cochinchinensis seed treatment for swelling, joint pain, malaria, hematoma, etc… Recently, scientists around the world have discovered more precious properties of Ganoderma lucidum in the treatment of diseases of the liver, bile, organ cancers and also prevent and against AIDS (Pharmaceutical Institute, 2001) Ancient Indian civilization developed over 5000 years along the banks of the Indus River in southern India In the Vedas epic, which was written in 1500 BC, retains much of the valuable knowledge of the herbs of that period In particular, many plants are considered "sacred" for the particular god, such as: Aegle marmelos is a tree for Hindu gods, Lakshmi (the god who brings wealth and luck), Samantha (the god of health) and Aegle marmelos planted near the temple In addition, Bulgarian national medicine where it is considered "National of Rose", they use roses to treat a lot of diseases They used flowers, leaves, roots to cure hematemesis and edema Today, science has demonstrated that roses contain a significant amount of tannin, glycoside, and essential oils This oil is used not only for perfumery but also for many diseases Medicinal plants are becoming a trend in the world In the past 30 years, the American Institute for Cancer has investigated and selected more than 40,000 medicinal plants and found hundreds of medicinal plants capable of treating cancer In the United States, 25% of prescription medications with strong medicinal properties are derived from one type of rose (Cantharanthus roseus) Especially in Madagascar, this tree is used to treat children's blood cancer and it is effective, increasing the survival rate of children from 10 to 90% The medicinal value of the medicinal plants is a biologically active compound contained in medicinal plants So, study of medicinal plants by compound groups was conducted and received good results However, this research direction requires a large source of funding, modern equipment and a team of highly qualified professionals Thus, studies are being conducted in developed countries and in some developing countries According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1985, out of 250,000 species of lower plants and higher plants, nearly 20000 plant species are used as medicines or as active ingredients for drug processing In India, there are about 6000 species of medicinal plants, over 5,000 species in China, in some Southeast Asian countries over 2000 species and tropical regions of America more than 1900 species According to WHO, the use of medicinal plants is increasing, with 80% of the population using traditional medicines in developing countries China is the most populous country in the world and has a growing national medicine, is the largest producer and exporter of herbal medicines, accounting for 30% of world trade (1991) and next to Korea, USA, India and Chile Singapore and Hong Kong are major exporters of herbs in Asia And Japan, USA, Germany, France, Italy, Malaysia, Spain and USA are the main markets About 53 countries supply medicinal plants to Germany including India, Argentina, former Yugoslavia, Greece, China, Poland, Egypt, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Zaire, Albania, the Netherlands and France (FAO, 2013) This suggests that for industrialized countries the use of medicinal plants for traditional medicine has also grown Medicinal plants are economical and it provides many modern and traditional medicines to protect and improve human health According to Jukovski (1971), there are 12 centers of plant biodiversity in the world: China - Japan, Indochina - Indonesia, Australia, India, Central Asia, Near East, Europe Siberia, South Mexico, South America and North America Many medicinal plants have been cultivated for a long time in red centers such as Hemp, Opium, Ginseng, Cloves, Nutmeg, Cinnamon, Mint, etc… For the purpose of human health care, for the development of society and for the fight against incurable diseases, there must be a combination of Eastern medicine and Western medicine, between modern medicine and traditional medicine From the experience of traditional medicine has helped people discover useful drugs for the future History of medicinal plants in Vietnam From ancient times until now, medicinal plants still play an important role in maintaining the health and happiness of the Vietnamese people Vietnam has a total area of 330,541 km and favorable natural conditions, three quarters of the territory is hilly Vietnam has many complex effects of two circulation systems: Southwest monsoon and northeast Therefore, Vietnam has a tropical climate, hot and humid and heavy rain; that gives Vietnam a variety of plants, the flora of Vietnam has over 12,000 species of higher plants (Nguyen Tien Ban, 2005, List of plant species in Vietnam) With abundant flora, Vietnam is a country with great potential for medicinal plant resources in Southeast Asia In addition, traditional medicine through the thousands of years of the North was greatly influenced by traditional Chinese medicine From 2900 BC, through the remaining Han Nom scripts and legends, our ancestors knew to use plants to spice, stimulate appetite and The earliest document on Vietnamese medicinal plants is “Miracle of Vietnamese medicine” and “Great morality in art of medicine” of Tue Tinh This document describes more than 630 remedies including 13 for all diseases and 37 for typhoid Tue Tinh is considered as the saint of Vietnamese medicine, the initiator and founder of the foundation of the country’s medicine with an independent, self-controlled, and practical viewpoint of “Vietnamese herbal medicine treats Vietnamese people’s diseases”, meaning that Vietnamese medicine is used to treat diseases for Vietnamese people By the 18th century, Hai Thuong Lan Ong Le Huu Trac published the second largest book “Y Tong Tam Linh” compiled in nearly 40 years with 28 episodes and 66 volumes It is said that the book “Y Tong Tam Linh” is the quintessence of human medicine and Vietnamese traditional medicine After the August 1945 revolution, especially after the liberation of the North in 1954, Vietnamese scientists have many advantages in collecting and researching medicinal plant resources Do Tat Loi has been researching for many years and published many documents on the use of plants and animals of ethnic minority people Especially in 1957, he edited the set of "Vietnam remedies and medicinal plants" including volumes In 1961, the book was reprinted in two volumes, in which the author describes and indicates the use of more than 100 medicinal plants From 1962 to 1965, Do Tat Loi published "The Medicinal Plants and Medicines in Vietnam" in volumes In 1969 it was reprinted in two volumes, in which the author introduced more than 500 remedies from medicinal plant, animals and minerals In the seventh edition (1995) the number of medicinal plants reached 792 species, this is a valuable book on science and practice, combining traditional science and modern science In 1960, Pham Hoang Ho and Nguyen Van Duong published the "Vietnamese Herbs" In 1966, pharmacist Vu Van Chuyen published the book "Summarize Medicinal Plant Families Characteristics" and was printed in 1976 In 1980, Do Huy Bich, Bui Xuan Chuong introduced the "Handbook of medicinal plants in Vietnam", with 519 species of medicinal plants, including 150 new species discovered In 1976, Vo Van Chi in his doctoral dissertation, he collected 1360 medicinal plants belonging to 192 families of angiosperms in the North In 1976, Vo Van Chi listed 1360 medicinal plants belonging to 192 families of angiosperms in the North in his doctoral thesis In 1991, at the second national workshop on medicinal plants in Ho Chi Minh City, the report has shown that Vietnamese medicinal plants have 2,880 vascular species, belonging to 254 families in phyla In 1996, Vo Van Chi reported that medicinal plants in Vietnam had 3,200 species (including mushrooms) By 2005, the Institute of Pharmacology recognized in Vietnam more than 3,984 medicinal species belonging to 307 families of phyla; nearly 90% of them are natural medicinal plants, mainly in forest communities, with only 10% are grown Most recently, the statistics of Vo Van Chi in the "Dictionary of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants" (2012) with the number of medicinal plants is 4,700 species The number of medicinal plants found has increased steadily over time This proves that if the research continues, the resources of medicinal plants in Vietnam may be larger and estimated to be up to 6,000 species Nguyen Tien Ban, et al (2003, 2005) published the book "List of Vietnamese Plants" which is an important book in the flora of Vietnam In recent years, the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources has a lot of research on the knowledge and experience of using medicinal plants by ethnic minorities in Vietnam The research on traditional medicinal plants of the Thai, Muong, Dao, Tay and Nung ethnic groups has updated and supplemented data for traditional Vietnamese medicine There are key distribution areas of medicinal plants: North West, North East, Red River Delta, North Central, Eastern Truong Son, South Central Coast, Central Highlands, South East and Mekong Delta; and concentrated in centers of biodiversity such as Bach Ma, Lam Vien, Hoang Lien Son, Cuc Phuong, Yok Don and Cat Tien Many of them are classified as rare in the world such as: Panax vietnamensis, Panax pseudoginseng, Lilium brownii, Taxus wallichiana,… Especially, Panax vietnamensis (Vietnamese ginseng) is one of the most saponin ginseng, higher than the rare ginseng in the world such as Korean ginseng, Chinese ginseng On the other hand, medicinal plant resources are threatened by over-exploitation Government and non-governmental organizations have made great efforts in preserving medicinal plant resources, many projects and researches on the protection of medicinal plants have been implemented such as: Conservation of medicinal plants of the Dao ethnic group in Ba Vi, Ha Tay – CREDEP, preserve and develop medicinal plants in Sapa, … 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 Húng láng B ch Dải nhỏ Lá men cavaleri Lá men trung quốc Lá men Lá men nháp H m huốt Tía tơ Tu hùng tai Xôn d i Hoa xôn Thuẫn ấn đ Tiêu kỳ dính HỌ LONG NÃO B p lơng Dây tơ xanh Re gừng Màng tang H H H H H H H H S H H H H H 307 308 309 310 Mentha aquatica L M arvensis L Microtoena insuavis (Hance) Dunn Mosla cavaleriei Levl M genusnensis Maxim M dianthera (Buch.-Ham.) Maxim M scabra (Thunb.) C.Y Wu Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Slecsen Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Hassk Salvia plebeia R Br S splendens Ker.-Gawl Scutellaria indica L Teucrium viscidum Blume 58 LAURACEAE Actinodaphne Cassytha filiformis L C bejolghota (Buch.-Ham ex Nees) Sweet L cubeba (Lour.) Pers 311 L glutinosa (Lour.) C B Robins Bời lời nhớt T 312 Neocinnamomum lecomtei Liou 59 LECYTHIDACEAE Re lecomte HỌ LỘC VỪNG T 313 Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn L c vừng T 60 LEEACEAE Leea guineensis G.Don L indica (Burm.f.) Merr L manillensis Walp 61 LOGANIACEAE Gelsemium elegans (Gardn & Champ.) Benth HỌ GỐI HẠC Gối h c trắng Củ rối đen Trúc vòng HỌ MÃ TIỀN Lá ngón 314 315 316 317 T L T T T T T L 44 CTD, THU CTD, THU THU THU THU, CTD, Kh CTD, THU, Kh THU THU CTD, CDB, THU THU THU, CTD CAN, THU THU THU genus,6 species THU, CDB THU, Kh LGO, CTD, THU CTD, CDB, THU LGO, THU, AND, CDB THU genus, species LGO, THU, AND, CAN genus, species THU THU THU genus, species THU, DOC 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 Strychnos walligenusana Steud ex DC 62 LORANTHACEAE Helixanthera parasitica Lour 63 LYTHRACEAE Ammannia baccifera L R rotundifolia (Roxb.) Koehne 64 MALVACEAE Abelmoschus moschatus Medik Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Urena lobata L 65 MELANTHIACEAE Paris polyphylla 66 MELASTOMATACEAE M sanguineum Sims Memecylon edule Roxb Osbeckia genusnensis L 67 MELIACEAE A odorata Lour Aphanamixis grandiflora Blume Chukrasia tabularis A Juss Cipadessa baccifera (Roth.) Miq Melia azedarach L Toonna sinensis (A Juss.) M Roem T surenii (Blume) Merr Trigenuslia connaroides (Wight & Arn.) Bentv 68 MENISPERMACEAE Cocculus laurifolius DC Stephania longa Lour S rotunda Lour S sinica Diels Tinospora sagitata (Oliv.) Gagnep Hòng nàn HỌ TẦM GỬI Chùm gửi HỌ BẰNG LĂNG Mùi chó mọng Vảy ốc trịn HỌ BƠNG Bụp vang Cối xay Ké hoa đ o HỌ HẮC DƯỢC HOA Thất diệp chi hoa HỌ MUA Mua bà Sầm bù Mua tép HỌ XOAN Ngâu G i nước hoa to Lát hoa Dọc khế Xoan Tông dù Xuyên m c Hải m c HỌ TIẾT DÊ Dây hồ cầu Lõi tiền Bình vơi Bình vơi tán ngắn Củ gió 45 T E S H S S S H S T S S T T T T T T L L L L L L THU genus, species THU genus, species THU AND, THU genus, species THU, CTD THU THU genus, species THU genus, species THU LGO, AND, THU THU genus, species CAN, CTD, THU LGO, THU LGO, CTD, THU THU LGO, THU, DOC AND, LGO, THU LGO, THU LGO, THU genus, species THU, DOC THU THU THU THU VU IIA IIA IIA VU 342 Tinospora sinensis 69 MIMOSACEAE Dây đau xương HỌ TRINH NỮ L 343 Adenantera microsperma Teysm.&Binn Muồng r ng r ng T 344 345 346 A procera (Roxb.) Benth Argenusdendron clypearia (Jack.) I Nielsen A lucidum (Benth.) I Nielsen 70 MOLLUGINACEAE Mollugo pentaphylla L 71 MORACEAE Cọ thon Mán đĩa Mán đĩa trâu HỌ CỎ BỤNG CU Cỏ bụng cu HỌ DÂU TẰM T T T 348 Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch Sui T 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 Mít bồ đề Dướng Si đỏ Ngái vàng Ngái lông dày Trâu cổ Sung Đa lệch Vú bò đơn Sung mũi T T T T T L T T S L Sung bầu T THU 360 361 Artocarpus styraciffolius Pierre Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Heór ex Vent Ficus benjamina L F fulva Reinw ex Blume F hirta Vahl var roxburghii (Miq.) King F pumila L F racemosa L F semicordata Buch.-Ham ex Smith F simplicissima Lour F subulata Blume F tinctoria Forst.f ssp gibbosa (Blume) Corn Maclura cogenusngenusnensis (Lour.) Corn M fruticosa (Roxb.) Corn THU genus, species LGO, THU, CAN, TAN LGO, THU, TAN THU, TAN, LGO LGO, THU genus, species THU genus, 17 species LGO, AND, TAN, THU AND, TAN, THU THU, CAN, TAN, Kh THU AND, THU, Kh THU CAN, THU THU, AND THU THU THU Mỏ qu nam Mỏ qu bụi L L 362 Streblus asper Lour Ruối T 363 S ilicifolius (Vidal) Corn Ruối ô rô L 364 Trophis scandens (Lour.) Hook & Arn Duối leo L THU, AND THU CAN, AND, THU, TAN CAN, AND, THU, LGO THU, AND, CAN 347 359 46 H VU 72 MYRICACEAE Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham ex D.Don 73 MYRSINACEAE A conspersa E Walker A elegans Andr A lindleyana D Dietr A quinquegona Blume A silvestris Pitard A virens Kurz Embelia laeta (L.) Mez E parviflora Wall ex DC M indica (Rozzh.) A DC M japonica (Thunb.) Moritzi Myrsine semiserrata Wall in Roxb 74 MYRTACEAE Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr & Perry HỌ THANH MAI Dâu rượu HỌ ĐƠN NEM Cơm ngu i trần Tâm quang Cơm ngu i tuyến Cơm ngu i năm c nh Lá khôi Cơm ngu i đ c Chua méo Thiên lý hương Đơn cưa Kính Thiết tồn HỌ SIM Vối T 378 Psidium guajava L Ổi T 379 380 Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk S cuminii (L.) Skells 75 OLEACEAE Fraximus floribunda Wall in Roxb J subtriplinerve Blume Ligustrum indicum (Lour.) Merr Olea dioica Roxb 76 ONAGRACEAE Ludwigia perennis L 77 OPILIACEAE Meliantha suavis Pierre 78 OXALIDACEAE Sim Vối rừng HỌ NHÀI Tu chanh Dây vằng Râm Lọ nghẹ HỌ RAU DỪA Rau mương hoa nhỏ HỌ SƠN CAM Rau sắng HỌ CHUA ME ĐẤT S T 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 381 382 383 384 385 386 47 T T T T T T T L L T T T T L T T L T genus, species LGO, THU, AND genus,11 species THU THU THU AND, THU THU THU THU THU THU, AND AND, THU TAN, CDB, THU genus,4 species VU VU VU THU, AND, TAN AND, THU, LGO, TAN THU, AND, LGO, THU, AND genus,4 species LGO, THU THU THU, CAN LGO, THU genus, species THU genus, species AND, THU genus, species VU VU 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 Averrhoa carambola L Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC Oxalis corniculata L O corymbosa DC 79 PASSIFLORACEAE Adenia heterophylla (Blume) Koord Passiflora foetida L 80 PIPERACEAE Peperomia pellucida (L.) H.B.K Piper longum L 81 PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago major L 82 PLUMBAGINACEAE Plumbago indica L 83 POLYGALACEAE Polygala tricornis Gagnep 84 POLYGONACEAE Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haraldson Polygonum barbatum L P genusnense L P glabrum Willd P odoratum Lour P persicaria L P plebejum R Br Rumex maritimus L 85 PORTULACACEAE Portulaca oleracea L 86 PRIMULACEAE Lysimagenusa candida Lindl L decurrens Forst f L fortunei Maxim Khế Chua me me Chua me đất hoa v ng Chua me đất hoa đỏ HỌ LẠC TIÊN Thư diệp dị diệp L c tiên HỌ HỒ TIÊU Rau cua Tiêu tím HỌ MÃ ĐỀ Mã đề trồng HỌ ĐI CƠNG Đi cơng (hoa) đỏ HỌ VIỄN CHÍ Viễn chí ba sừng HỌ RAU RĂM H thủ ô đỏ Nghể râu Thồm lồm Nghể nhẵn Rau răm Nghể đ o Mễ tử liễu Dương đề t u HỌ RAU SAM Rau sam HỌ ANH THẢO Trân châu trắng Trân châu đứng Rau tinh tú 48 T T H H L L H L H L S L H L H H H H H H H H H AND, THU AND, THU THU, AND THU, AND genus, species THU, AND THU, AND genus, species THU, AND THU genus, species THU, CTD genus, species CAN, THU genus, species THU genus, species THU THU, AND THU THU CTD, THU THU THU THU, Kh genus, species THU, AND genus, species THU THU CTD, THU VU 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 L insignis Hemsl 87 PROTEACEAE Heliciopsis lobata (Merr.) Sleum 88 RANUNCULACEAE C leschenaultiana DC Ranunculus cantoniensis DC R sceleratus L 89 RHAMNACEAE Berchemia lineata (L.) DC Gouania javanica Miq G leptostachya DC Sageretia theezans (L.) Brongn Ziziphus oenoplia (L.) Mill 90 RHIZOPHORACEAE C lanceaefolia Roxb 91 ROSACEAE Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb A viscidula Bunge Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke Potentilla sundaica (Blume) Kuntze P mume Sieb & Zucc P persica (L.) Batsch P salicina Lindl P pashia Buch.-Ham ex D Don Rhaphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl Rubus alcaefolius Poir R leucanthus Hance R parvifolius L 92 RUBIACEAE Hedyotis acutangula Champ ex Benth H auricularia L Trân châu hoa vàng HỌ CHẸO THUI Bàn tay ma HỌ MAO LƯƠNG Hoa ông lão java Mao lương quảng đông Mao lương đ c HỌ TÁO Rung rúc Gồ an java Dây gân hẹp Canh châu Táo rừng HỌ ĐƯỚC Săng mã thon HỌ HOA HỒNG Long nha thảo Móc b c trĩn Dâu núi Bơ sớn sâu Mai Đ o Mận Mắc coọc d i Đ o bánh xe Mâm xôi Ngấy trâu Ngấy tía HỌ CÀ PHÊ An điền c nh nhọ An điền tai 49 H T L H H L L L S T T H H H H T T T T T S L L H H THU genus, species LGO, THU, AND genus, species THU, AND THU THU genus,5 species THU, Kh THU THU THU, AND THU genus, species THU genus,12 species THU THU THU, AND THU THU AND, THU AND, THU LGO, AND, THU AND, THU AND, THU THU, AND THU, AND 10 genus,20 species THU THU 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 H capitellata Wall ex G Don var mollis (Pierre ex Pitard) T N Ninh H corymbosa (L.) Lamk H verticillata (L.) Lamk Hymenodictyon orixense (Roxb.) Mabb Morinda citrifolia L M officinalis How M umbellata L M cambodiana Pierre ex Pitard M dehiscens Craib M rehderiana Hutch O japonica Blume Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr P indica L Psychotria siamica (Craib) Hutch Randia spinosa (Thunb.) Poir Uncaria homomalla Miq U macrophylla Wall ex Roxb U rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq ex Havil 93 RUTACEAE Acronygenusa pedunculata (L.) Miq Citrus grandis (L.) Osb Clausena excavata Burm.f C indica (Dalz.) Oliv Euodia lepta (Spreng.) Merr Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham in Wight & Arn M integerrimum (Buch.-Ham.) ex Colebr.) Wight & Arn M minutum (Forst.f.) Wight & Arn Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lamk.) DC D cẩm L THU Cóc mẳn An điền vịng Vỏ dụt Nhàu chanh Ba kích Nhàu tán Bướm b c cambốt Bướm b c tự khai Bướm lông X nhật Rau mơ lông Dọt s nh ấn đ Lấu lông hoe Găng tu hú Câu đằng bắc Câu đằng lớn Câu đằng mỏ HỌ CAM QUÝT Bưởi bung Bưởi Hồng bì d i Mắc mật Ba ch c H H T T L L L S S H L L T T L L L T T T T T THU THU LGO, THU TAN, AND, THU THU THU, TAN THU, AND THU THU THU THU, AND THU THU TAN, THU THU THU, AND THU genus,11 species THU, AND THU, CTD, AND THU, CTD CTD, AND, THU THU, CTD Thần x hương L THU Mắt trâu bìa nguyên T THU Kim sương Muồng truổng T T THU THU, CTD 50 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 Z nitidum (Roxb.) DC Z scandens Blume 94 SAPINDACEAE Cardiospermum halicacabum L Dimocarpus fumatus (Blume) Leenth Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh Pometia pinnata Forst & Forst f Sapindus saponaria L Xerospermum noronhianum (Blume) Blume 95 SAPOTACEAE Madhuca pasquieri (Dubard) H.J Lam 96 SAURURACEAE Gymnotheca genusnensis Decne Houttuynia cordata Thunb Saururus genusnensis (Lour.) Hort ex Loud 97 SCHISANDRACEAE Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A C Smith 98 SCROPHULARIACEAE Adenosma caeruleum R Br Lingazpia polygonoides (Benth.) Yamaz Limnophila genusnensis (Osbeck.) Merr Lindernia anagallis (Burm f.) Penn L antipoda (L.) Alst L crustacea (L.) F Muell L mollis (Benth.) Wettst Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl Scoparia dulcis L Striga lutea Lour Torenia glabra Osbeck 99 SIMAROUBACEAE Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston Xuyên tiêu Ho ng m c leo HỌ BỒ HÕN Tầm phong Nhãn rừng Nhãn dê Trường mật Bồ Vải guốc/Ké HỌ HỒNG XIÊM Sến mật HỌ GIẤP CÁ Lá rấp suối Giấp cá H m ếch HỌ NGŨ VỊ TỦ Na rừng HỌ HOA MÕM CHÓ Nhân trần Lê ga dày Rau om Lữ đằng cong M n đất Lữ đằng cẩn Lữ đằng mềm Hơng Cam thảo nam Vng phá vàng Tơ liên nhẵn HỌ THANH THẤT Thanh thất 51 L L L T T T T T T H H H L H H H H H H H T H H H T THU, CTD THU, CTD genus,6 species THU AND, THU, LGO, THU, AND LGO, THU, CDB LGO, THU LGO, THU, AND genus, species LGO, THU, CDB genus, species THU CTD, THU CTD, THU genus, species THU, AND genus,11 species THU, CTD THU THU, AND, CTD THU THU THU THU LGO, THU THU THU THU genus, species LGO, THU, TAN EN VU VU 100 SOLANACEAE Datura metel L Lycianthes biflora (Lour.) Bitter Nicotiana tabacum L Physalis angulata L Solanum procumbens Lour S torvum Sw S violaceum Ortega 101 STERCULIACEAE Abroma augusta (L.) L f Helicteres hirsuta Lour Pterospermum heterophyllum Hance Sterculia lanceolata Cav S nobilis Smith in Rees S populifolia Roxb 102 SYMPLOCACEAE HỌ CÀ C đ c dược C ngủ Thuốc Tầm bóp Cà gai leo C nồng C d i hoa tím HỌ TRƠM Tai mèo Thâu kén lơng Lịng mang Sang sé Trơm mề g Bài cành HỌ DUNG 501 Symplocos groffii Merr Dung groff T 502 503 S lancifolia Sieb & Zucc S paniculata Wall ex D Don Dung thon Dung táo T T 504 S racemosa Roxb Dung chùm T 505 103 THEACEAE E groffii Merr Linh đồi T 506 E japonica Thunb Linh lông T 507 Sgenusma superba Gard & Champ in Hook Vải thuốc cưa 104 THYMELAEACEAE HỌ TRẦM Rhamnoneuron balansae (Drake) Gilg in Engl Dó giấy & Prantl Wikstroemia indica (L.) C A Mey Niệt dó ấn đ 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 508 509 S S H S L S S T S S T T T HỌ CHÈ T 52 genus, species CAN, THU THU THU THU THU THU AND, THU, genus,6 species THU, AND THU LGO, THU AND, THU AND, THU LGO, THU genus, species LGO, THU, CDB, TAN LGO, THU, CDB THU, CDB LGO, THU, AND, TAN genus,3 species THU LGO, THU, TAN, AND CAN, LGO, THU genus, species T THU, Kh S DOC, THU 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 105 TILIACEAE Excentrodendron tonkinense (Gagnep.) Chang & Miau Grewia hirsuta Vahl G langsonensis Gagnep Microcos paniculata L Triumfetta pseudocana Sprague & Craib T rhomboidea Jacq 106 ULMACEAE Trema orientalis (L.) Blume 107 URTICACEAE B nivea (L.) Gaudich D urentissima (Gagnep.) Chew Elatostema balansae Gagnep Gonostegia hirta (Blume) Miq G pentadra (Roxb.) Miq Laportea violacea Gagnep Maoutia puya (Hook.f.) Weed Oreocnide frutescens (Thunb.) Miq ssp nivea (Gagnep.) N T Hiep O integrifolia (Gaudich.) Miq O tonkinensis (Gagnep.) Merr & Chun Pellionia heteroloba Wedd P radicans (Sieb & Zucc.) Weed in DC P repens (Lour.) Merr P peltata Hance P peploides (Gaudich.) Hook & Arn P plataniflora Wright Pouzolzia sanguinea (Blume) Merr P zeylanica (L.) Benn 108 VERBENACEAE HỌ ĐAY genus,6 species Nghiến T LGO, TAN, THU Cò kè long nhám Co mai thao Bung lai Gai đầu lông Gai đầu hình thoi HỌ DU Hu đay HỌ GAI Gai Mán voi Cao hùng balansa Thuốc dịi lơng Thuốc dịi ngũ hùng Han mán tía Gai ráp T S T S S S H H L H S S LGO, SOI, THU THU SOI, CDB, THU, Kh THU THU genus, species LGO, SOI, THU, AND 10 genus,18 species SOI, THU THU, DOC AND, THU AND, THU AND, THU DOC, THU SOI, THU Nái trắng S SOI, THU Nái mép nguyên Nái bắc b Phu lệ dị thùy Phu lệ rễ Tai đá Nan ông Nan ông núi đá Th ch cân thảo Bọ mắm rừng Bọ mắm HỌ CỎ ROI NGỰA S S L H H H H H H H THU THU THU THU THU THU THU THU SOI, AND, THU THU genus,13 species T 53 EN IIA 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 Callicarpa candicans (Burm f.) Hochr C longifolia Lamk C rubella Lindl Clerodendrum canescens Wall ex Schauer C genusnense (Osbeck) Mabb C genusnense (Osbeck) Mabb var simplex (Mold.) S L Chen C cyrtophyllum Turcz C serratum (L.) Moon Lantana camara L Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene Premna corymbosa (Burm.f.) Rottb et Willd Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl Vitex negundo L 109 VIOLACEAE Hybanthus sulffruticosus (L.) Baill Viola betonicifolia Smith in Rees 110 VITACEAE Ampelopsis cantoniensis (Hook & Arn.) Planch C japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep C oligocarpa (Lévl & Vaniot) Gagnep Cissus repens Lamk Vitis pentagona Diels & Gilg LILIOPSIDA 111 ARACEAE A siamense Engl A tenuipes Engl Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G Don A odora (Roxb.) C Koch Anadendrum montanum (Blume) Schott Nàng nàng Tử châu d i Tử châu đỏ Ngọc nữ hoa răm Ngọc nữ thơm S S S S S THU, DOC THU, DOC THU THU THU, CAN B ch đồng nữ S THU Bọ mẩy Ngọc nữ Ngũ sắc Dây lức Vọng cách Đi chu t Ngủ trảo HỌ HOA TÍM Cỏ tim phịng Hoa tím nhọn HỌ NHO S S S H T S T THU, CDB, AND THU, AND THU, CAN THU CTD, THU THU THU, CTD, CAN genus, species THU THU genus,5 species Chè dây L Vác nhật Vác trái Dây chìa vơi Nho rừng LỚP HÀNH HỌ RÁY V n niên Thuốc rắng Ráy Dọc mùng Thăng m c núi L L L L H H THU THU THU THU, AND AND, THU 13 familias, 38 genus, 72 species genus,13 species H THU H THU, CAN H THU, AND H THU, CAN L AND, THU 54 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 Arisaema balansae Engl Homalomena occulta (Lour.) Schott Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites Pothos genusnensis (Raf.) Merr P repens (Lour.) Druce Rhaphidophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott Typhonium blumei Nicol & Sivad T trilobatum (L.) Schott 112 ARECACEAE Areca catechu L A pinnata (Wurmb) Merr C tetradactylus Hance C mitis Lour C monostachya Becc Livistona genusnensis (Jack.) R Br 113 COMMELINACEAE Commelina benghalensis L Floscopa glomeratus (Roem & Schult.) Hassk F scandens Lour Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan 114 COSTACEAE Costus speciosus (Koenig) Smith 115 CYPERACEAE Cyperus diffusus Vahl C pilosus Vahl C rotundus L Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb Rhynchospora rubra (Lour.) Makino Scirpus juncoides Roxb 116 DIOSCOREACEAE Thiên nam tinh Thiên niên kiện Ráy gai Ráy leo trung quốc Ráy leo Lân tơ uyn Bán h blume Bán h nam HỌ CAU Cau Búng báng Mây nếp Đùng đình Đùng đình bơng đơn Cọ xẻ HỌ THÀI LÀI Thài lài lông H H H L L L H H H THU, CAN THU, AND, CTD THU THU THU THU THU THU genus,6 species CAN, THU, TAN THU, CAN, AND ĐAN, THU, Kh THU, AND, SOI, Kh THU, AND, Kh CAN, THU genus,4 species THU Cỏ đầu rìu H THU Cỏ đầu rìu hoa chùy Thài lài xanh HỌ MÍA DÕ Mía dị HỌ CĨI Cói hoa xịe Cói lơng Hương phụ Cói b c đầu ngắn Chủy tử đỏ Cói giùi bấc HỌ CỦ NÂU H H THU THU, Kh genus, species THU, AND genus,6 species THU, Kh ĐAN, THU, CTD THU, CTD, Kh THU, Kh THU THU, Kh genus, species T T L T T T H H H H H H H 55 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 Dioscorea bulbifera L D cirrhosa Lour 117 LILIACEAE Crinum asiaticum L C latifolium L Ophiopogon genusngii F.T Wang & T Tang O reptans Hook.f Peliosanthes humilis Andr P teta Andr Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce 118 ORCHIDACEAE Dendrobium aduncum Wall ex Lindl Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schlechter Pecteillis susannae (L.) Raf 119 POACEAE Apluda mutica L Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin Cymbopogon caesius (Nees ex Hook & Arn.) Stapf C citratus (DC ex Nees) Stapf Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers Eragrostis ferruginea (Thunb.) Beauv Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv Indosasa crassiflora McClure Lophaterum gracile Brongn Miscanthus floridulus (Labill.) Warb ex K Schum & Lauterb 120 SMILACACEAE Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana (Kunth) Maxim Smilax bracteata Presl S glabra Wall ex Roxb Củ d i Củ nâu HỌ LOA KÈN Náng Náng r ng Cao cẳng nhỏ Cao cẳng Sơn m c Sâm cau Ngọc trúc HỌ LAN Hồng câu Thanh thiên quỳ B ch phượng HỌ HÕA THẢO Cỏ hoa tre Cỏ may H H THU, CAN, AND THU, TAN genus,7 species THU, CAN CAN, THU, DOC THU THU THU THU THU genus,3 species CAN, THU THU THU, CAN genus,10 species AND, THU THU, Kh Sả hôi H CTD, THU Sả chanh Cỏ g Tinh thảo sét Cỏ tranh Trúc đốt to hoa d y Đ m trúc diệp H H H H T H CTD, THU THU, Kh THU, Kh THU, Kh THU THU Chè vè H THU, Kh L L L genus, species THU THU THU, AND HỌ KIM CANG Khúc khắc Cậm kệch Thổ phục linh 56 L L H H H H H H H H H H EN IIA 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 S lanceifolia Roxb S megacarpa A.DC S perfoliata Lour 121 STEMONACEAE Stemonema cogenusngenusnensis Gagnep 122 TACCACEAE Tacca chantrieri Andre T plantaginea (Hance) Drenth 123 ZINGIBERACEAE Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd A globosa (Lour.) Horan A malaccensis (Burm f.) Rosc A officinarum Hance A villosum Lour A xanthioides Wall Curcuma aromatica Salisb C longa L Zingiber officinale Rosc Z purpureum Rosc Z zerumbet (L.) Smith Kim cang mác Kim cang to Côm Lang HỌ BÁCH BỘ Bách b nam b HỌ RÂU HÙM Râu hùm hoa tía Hồi đầu HỌ GỪNG Riềng nếp Sẹ Riềng malacca Riềng Sa nhân Sa nhân ké Nghệ trắng Nghệ Gừng Gừng tía Gừng gió L L L L H H H H H H H H H H H H H 57 AND, THU THU THU genus, species THU genus, species THU THU genus, 11 species THU THU CAN, AND, THU THU, AND THU, AND, CTD THU, CTD THU THU, AND THU THU THU VU  NOTE:  Level of endangered - Vietnam Red Book (VNRB) 2007: CR - Critically Endangered, EN - Endangered, VU – Vulnerable - IUCN Red List (2012): EN – Endangered, VU – Vulnerable, NT - Near threatened, LC - Least concern - Decree No 32/2006 / ND-CP: Group IA: forest plants strictly banned from exploitation and use for commercial purposes; group IIA: forest plants restricted from exploitation or use for commercial purposes - Decree 160/2013 / ND-CP: lists of endangered, precious and rare species prioritized protection  Habits: H – Herb; T – Tree; S – Shrub; L – Liana; E – Epiphyte  Uses: LGO - Trees for timber; AND - Edible plants; CAN - Ornamental trees; CTD Trees for essential oils; TAN - Trees for tannins; CDB - Oil giving plants; SOI+DAN Trees for fiber; DOC - Toxic trees; Kh - Other uses 58 ... research with the title: ? ?The diversity of medicinal plants at Huu Lien Nature Reserve, Huu Lung district, Lang Son province? ?? History of medicinal plants in the world Medicinal plants are a valuable... the southwest of Lang Son province; Huu Lien Nature Reserve is a place of high biodiversity value as well as diversity of medicinal plants Since its establishment, Huu Lien Nature Reserve has not... essential data to form the basis for the development of strategies in the planning, manage, protect and develop valuable medicinal plants Huu Lien Nature Reserve, Huu Lung district, Lang Son province