HP-TLC trong phân tích dược liệu (2006)
FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page iii High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants Eike Reich, Ph.D Head of Laboratory CAMAG-Laboratory Muttenz, Switzerland Anne Schibli, M.Pharm Assistant Head of Quality Control SwissCo Services AG Sisseln, Switzerland Thieme New York • Stuttgart FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page i High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page iii High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants Eike Reich, Ph.D Head of Laboratory CAMAG-Laboratory Muttenz, Switzerland Anne Schibli, M.Pharm Assistant Head of Quality Control SwissCo Services AG Sisseln, Switzerland Thieme New York • Stuttgart FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page iv Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc 333 Seventh Ave New York, NY 10001 Associate Editor: Birgitta Brandenberg Vice President, Production and Electronic Publishing: Anne T Vinnicombe Production Editors: Grace R Caputo and Molly Connors, Dovetail Content Solutions Associate Marketing Manager: Verena Diem Sales Manager: Ross Lumpkin Chief Financial Officer: Peter van Woerden President: Brian D Scanlan Compositor: Thomson Digital Services Printer: Everbest Printing Co Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Reich, Eike High-performance thin-layer chromatography for the analysis of medicinal plants / Eike Reich, Anne Schibli p cm Includes bibliographical references ISBN-13: 978-1-58890-409-6 (US) ISBN-10: 1-58890-409-1 (US) ISBN-13: 978-3-13-141601-8 (GTV) ISBN-10: 3-13-141601-7 (GTV) Medicinal plants–Analysis Herbs–Analysis Thin layer chromatography I Schibli, Anne II Title [DNLM: Plant Extracts–analysis Plants, Medicinal –chemistry Chromatography, Thin Layer QV 766 R347h 2006] QK99.A1R45 2006 615Ј.321–dc22 2006020055 Copyright © 2007 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc This book, including all parts thereof, is legally protected by copyright Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside the narrow limits set by copyright legislation without the publisher's consent is illegal and liable to prosecution This applies in particular to photostat reproduction, copying, mimeographing or duplication of any kind, translating, preparation of microfilms, and electronic data processing and storage Important note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may be required The authors and editors of the material herein have consulted sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication However, in view of the possibility of human error by the authors, editors, or publisher of the work herein or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors, editors, nor publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of such information Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources For example, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this publication is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs referred to in this book are in fact registered trademarks or proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the text Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as proprietary is not to be construed as a representation by the publisher that it is in the public domain Printed in China 54321 US ISBN 1-58890-409-1 US ISBN 978-1-58890-409-6 GTV ISBN 3-13-141601-7 GTV ISBN 978-3-13-141601-8 FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page v To all people who believe in TLC and those dedicated to the quality of herbal medicine A thing of beauty is a joy forever John Keats FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page vi FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page vii Contents Foreword xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Introduction Analysis of Herbal Drugs What Is Chromatography? What Is TLC? 11 Modern TLC 19 Theoretical Concepts 22 General Chromatographic Principles 22 Special Aspects of TLC 33 The Stationary Phase 42 The Mobile Phase 48 The Chromatographic Result in TLC 55 Densitometry 61 vii FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page viii Practical Aspects of Modern TLC 67 Sample Preparation 68 Selecting the Stationary Phase 73 Sample Application 92 Chromatogram Development 97 Derivatization 110 Visualization and Documentation of the Chromatogram 114 Densitometry 116 Reporting and Record Keeping 121 TLC Software 125 Standardization 125 Contents Practical Recommendations 127 Typical Applications in Herbal Analysis 129 Why HPTLC? 129 HPTLC Analysis of Raw Material 132 HPTLC Analysis of Herbal Drug Preparations and Products 160 Method Development 175 Theoretical Aspects 175 Method Development in Practice 179 Validation 193 General Information 193 Validation of Qualitative HPTLC Methods 206 Validation of Quantitative HTPLC Methods 210 The Final Word 214 List of Abbreviations 215 viii Glossary of TLC Terms 218 FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page ix Appendixes A Definitions 224 B Standard Operating Procedure for HPTLC of Herbal Raw Materials and Preparations 227 C Resources 231 D Common Mobile Phases for the Screening of Unknown Herbal Drugs 233 E Most Common Nonspecific Derivation Reagents for Analysis of Herbal Drugs 234 F Worksheet 238 Index 259 Contents G Validation of Method for Identification of Eleuthero by HPTLC Fingerprint 240 ix ... High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants FM (i_xvi).qxd 8/17/06 11:18 AM Page iii High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants. .. solves the problem of quality only in theory These are some of the reasons for it: ♦ The framework of analytical approaches and legal consequences for quality control developed for (single) synthetic... The distinguishing element is the presence of a blue band at the position of parthenolide None of the other species shows it Chamomile has a characteristic yellow zone in the upper third of the