Study on the diversity of medicinal plants at muong phang forest dien bien province

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY STUDENT THESIS Title STUDY ON THE DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AT MUONG PHANG FOREST, DIEN BIEN PROVINCE Major: Natural Resources Management Faculty: Forest Resources and Environmental Management Student: Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Student ID: 1453091510 Class: K59A Natural Resources Management Course: 2014 – 2018 Advanced Education Program Developed in collaboration with Colorado State University, USA Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Vu Quang Nam Hanoi, June 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Assoc Prof Dr Vu Quang Nam, for the continuous support of my student thesis study and research, for his motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge His guidance helped me in the time of research and achieve this thesis Beside my advisor, I would like to thank Mr Tien and all the staff in Muong Phang Historical and Landscape Forest Management Board who provide me many useful knowledge about Muong Phang forest and Muong Phang commune I also would like to thank Mr Phuc and Mr Tuyen, the local physician and local people, who are helped me to investigate and identify medicinal plants in Muong Phang forest I would like thank to local people and local physicians in Muong Phang commune who gave me many informations and traditional remedies of Thai ethnic Lastly, I would like to thank to my family, who always support me in doing research Xuan Mai, Ha Noi, September 2018 i CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF ACRONYMS iv ABSTRACT I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Medicinal plants resource in Viet Nam 1.2 The use of medicinal plants in Vietnam 1.3 Study on the diversity of medicinal plants at Muong Phang commune II RESEARCH GOAL AND OBJECTIVES 2.1 Goal 2.2 Objectives III METHODOLOGY 3.1 Study Site 3.1.1 Natural conditions in study area 3.1.2 Land Resources 3.1.3 Forest resources 3.1.4 Economic and Social conditions 3.2 Data collection 3.2.1 Field work 3.2.2 Community survey 3.3 Data processing 11 3.4 Study on the diversity 12 ii IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 13 4.1 The diversity of medicinal plant used by phylum, families and species 13 4.2 The list of species in study area are in Redbook 16 4.3 The diversity of medicinal plants by plant habits 17 4.4 The diversity of medicinal plants by use 17 4.5 Some traditional remedies of ethnic minority in the study area 21 4.6 Propose sustainable conservation of medicinal plants in Muong Phang forest 28 4.6.1 The importance and potential of medicinal plants in Muong Phang commune 28 4.6.2 Situation of harvesting medicinal plants and threatening to medicinal plants 30 4.6.3 Propose sustainable conservation, spread development of the valuable medicinal plant species 31 V CONCLUSION 32 VI REFERENCES APPENDIX iii LIST OF ACRONYMS IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature PRA Rapid / Rural Appraisal CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Muong Phang forest 10 Figure 2: Top 10 families which have the most species been found 19 Figure 3: The plant habits of medicinal plants in Muong Phang forest 21 Figure 4: The list of pathology which can be treated by 273 species of medicinal plants 23 LIST OF TABLES Table1: The distribution of Taxon on medical plants 17 Table 2: Top 10 families which have the most species been found 18 Table 3: The list of medicinal plants in Muong Phang forest which belongs to Redbook 20 Table 4: Some pathologies which can be treated by medicinal plants in the study area 22 Table 5: The variety of remedies by plants 26 iv ABSTRACT Located in the northern mountains of Vietnam, Muong Phang forest is not only a historical forest, but also flora extremely diverse Many of the species are capable of being used for healing, so it is considered as a potential forest for medicinal plants Most of the medicinal plants here are used on the experience of indigenous peoples, mainly the Thai Đen ethnic However, due to no systematic study and recording, many medicinal species have not been recorded as well as many medicinal plants have not been discovered all about usage This research was conducted to study the diversity of medicinal plants in Muong Phang forest in Dien Bien district To the research, methods include investigating medicinal plants as directed by local physicians and forest managers In addition, methods of interviewing local people are also applied Through investigate, There are total of 273 medicinal plant species was recorded in the study area belong to 95 families, phyla: Magnoliophyta and Pteridophyta There are seven species listed in the Vietnam Red Book (2007), one in the CR (Critically endangered), three species in the EN (Endangered) and three species in the VU (Vulnerable) Total 33 of pathology were recorded to be capable of treating by 273 species which have been found These diseases are Sedative; Poliomyelitis; Detoxity; Asthma; Snake bite; Malaria; Bone pain; Acute rheumatic; Diabetes; Diseases of the heart and blood pressure; Haemorrhoids; Hepatitis; Meningitis; Infertility; Cirrhosis; Brain hemorrhage; Dysentery; Calculus of kidney; Acne; Acute nasopharyngitis; Burn; Menstruation; Low milk supply; Gastropathy; Fracture; Viagra; Mumps; Toothache; Bleed; Tuberculosis; Kidney disease; Diarrhea; Bronchitis Along with the diversity of medicinal plants found, further development of medicinal plant research and preservation, if is implemented, will bring benefits such as the preservation of precious natural plants or even increase the local economic I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Medicinal plants resource in Viet Nam In all cultures of mankind from ancient times to now, people have always considered plants as a source of medicine for healing In the world, up to now 35,000 to 70,000 species of plant species have been used for healing purposes Plant resources are extremely important to each country, including Vietnam Viet Nam is a temperate country with favorable conditions for the development of organism and various ecosystems According to IUCN statistics, our country has more than 12,000 species of higher plants with many medicinal plants Not only plays a role as green lungs regulate the climate, forest flora also bring a great potential of medicinal plants in particular with the resources in general medicine According to the national survey just from 1961 to 1985, National Institute of Medicinal Materials has recorded in our country has 1836 species of 263 plant families have been recorded can be used as medicine.According to the scientist Vo Van Chi, this number has reached 4700 species of 1200 genera of over 300 families, meaning that all families in the flora of Vietnam have some species that can be used as medicine Among them, over 90% of the species are natural medicinal plants The amount of medicinal plants we know has increased dramatically This proves that if investigated fully the flora of medicine in Vietnam can be much larger The medicinal plants are widely distributed throughout the country with eight focus areas: North West, North East, Red River Delta, North Central, Eastern Truong Son, South Central Coast, Central Highlands, South East and Mekong River Delta; Focusing mainly on centers of biodiversity are Bach Ma, Lam Vien, Hoang Lien Son, Cuc Phuong, Yok Don and Cat Tien Of the listed species, there are many species that are classified as rare in the world such as Ngoc Linh ginseng, Panax Bipinnatifidus (Tam That hoang), Bulbus Lili (Bach Hop), Taxus Wallichiana (Thong do) in which, Ngoc Linh ginseng (or Vietnamese ginseng) is among the most saponin ginseng, higher than the ginseng has long been studied in the world such as Korean ginseng, Chinese ginseng 1.2 The use of medicinal plants in Vietnam In Vietnam, the research on medicinal plants has been carried out very early, associated with the names of many famous doctors such as Thien Su Tue Tinh with "Nam Duoc Than Hieu" written about 499 medicines Of these, 241 are derived from plants Hai Thuong Lan Ong Le Huu Trac with the "Linh Nam Ban Thao" includes two books: 496 copies of inheriting of Thien Su Tue Tinh, 305 copies subscribed for additional use or new discoveries Along with modern medical methods, traditional remedies with most of the ingredients are derived from medicinal plants that have been widely used throughout the country According to the statistics of the pharmaceutical industry, the country has about 40 traditional medicine hospitals and traditional medicine departments in the general hospitals There is 5000 people practice in traditional medicine with nearly 4000 clinics About 700 species are usually mentioned in traditional medicine books, 120 species are commonly used by the people as common medicinal plants for family treatment Moreover, in recent years, although many pharmaceuticals are produced by chemically synthesized pathways, more than 50% of Viet Nam's currently used drugs are derived from plants They provide up to 50 to 60,000 tons of pharmaceuticals used in our country each year and exports (botanyvn.com) Today, finding highly active biologically active ingredients for medicine is a very interesting trend for scientists Many medicinal herbs have been used to extract active ingredients such as Berberine from Coscinium fenestratum (Vang dang), Rutin from Shophora japonica (Hoa Hoe), Beta-carotene and Lycopene from Mormodica cochichinensis (Gac), Strychin from Strychnos nux-vomica (Ma Tien) , Papain from Papaya (Carica papaya), Diosdenin from Dioscorea deltoidea, Curcumin from Curcuma longa (Nghe vang) , Methol from Mint (Metha arvesis) In which, many important active ingredients such as quinine, morphin, strychnin must be extracted from medicinal materials that cannot go by chemical synthesis Along with the ancient and modern research, the experience of using medicinal plants in Vietnam comes largely from ethnic communities.The unique in the use of medicinal plants is reflected in the experience of individuals or of each ethnic community The biodiversity of medicinal plants is closely related to the diversity of national cultural identity and the medical knowledge of each country Vietnam is the home of 54 ethnic groups, except Kinh ethnic, most of whom are ethnic minorities Each ethnic group has different experiences using different medicinal plants The diversity of medicinal plants in each region of the country combined with the experience and understanding of each of ethnic group has created a treasure of traditional medicine extremely valuable 1.3 Study on the diversity of medicinal plants at Muong Phang commune Muong Phang is a small commune in Dien Bien province As well as other mountainous districts in the north, the socio-economic situation is still difficult Traffic is not very favorable as well as the economy has not developed so the access to modern medicine here is difficult The use of medicinal plants as well as traditional medicine is an important factor in the life of the local population Over the generations, the knowledge and experience of using medicinal plants to cure is increasingly accumulated The residents are mostly ethnic people, so the medicine is used to bring the knowledge and experience of the typical Thai people, transmitted from one life to the other The medicinal plants here are mostly exploited from the Muong Phang forest This is a primary forest located in the historical area so the research on plant resources in general and medicinal plant resources in particular is not really focused Almost no research has evaluated the diversity of medicinal plants and their uses here Therefore, I choose the thesis “STUDY ON THE DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AT MUONG PHANG FOREST, DIEN BIEN PROVINCE” to study and evaluate the diversity of medicinal plants in Vietnam and provide proposes appropriate exploitation and protection options II RESEARCH GOAL AND OBJECTIVES 2.1 Goal Provide the diversity of medicinal plants and propose some solutions of appropriate protection to sustainable management to medicinal plant resources at the Muong Phang forest in Dien Bien Province 2.2 Objectives  Assess the diversity of medical plants in Muong Phang forest  Assess the importance and the potential of medicinal plants in Mương Phang commune  Proposing some solutions of appropriate protection and sustainable management to medicinal plant resources  Establishing a list of medicinal plants at the study site III METHODOLOGY 3.1 Study Site No Phylum  Magnoliophyta Family Species Caesalpiniaceae Senna tora (L.) Roxb Treating Dysentery No Phylum Family Species Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae) Ampelop-teris prolifera ( Retz) Copel Pteridophyta Adiantaceae Adiantum flabellu Latum L Pteridophyta Dryopteridaceae Pteridrys australis Ching Pteridophyta Aspleniaceae Asplenium normale D.Don Pteridophyta Lindsaeaceae Stenoloma chusanum (L) Ching Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium conforme C.Chr Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium xuosum (L.) Sw Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw Pteridophyta Pteridaceae Pteris semipinnata L 10 Magnoliophyta Menispermaceae Stephania rotunda Lour  Treating Calculus of kidney No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Malvaceae Abelmoschus manihol (L.) Medic (Hibiscus Manihol L.) Magnoliophyta Araliaceae Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Eclipta alba Magnoliophyta Musaceae Musa acuminata Colla  Treating Acne No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Sapindaceae Acer oliverianum Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Pronephrium triphyllum (Sw.) Holttum [abacopteris triphylla (Sw) Ching] Pteridophyta Blechnaceae Blechnum orientale L Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium xuosum (L.) Sw  Treating Acute Nasopharyngitis No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Malvaceae Hibiscus abelmoschus L (Abelmoschus Moschatus Moench-) Magnoliophyta Araliaceae Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr Magnoliophyta Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L Magnoliophyta Acoraceae Acorus tatarinowii Schott Pteridophyta Cyatheaceae Cyathea spinulosa Wall Ex Hook., 1844 Pteridophyta Adiantaceae Adiantum flabellu Latum L Pteridophyta Blechnaceae Blechnum orientale L  Treating Burn No Phylum Magnoliophyta Family Malvaceae Species Hibiscus abelmoschus L (Abelmoschus Moschatus Moench-) Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Eclipta alba Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Cyclo sorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Nakai  Treating Menstruation No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Malvaceae Abroma augusta Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Achillea millefolium L Magnoliophyta Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L Magnoliophyta Amaranthaceae Achyranthes hidentata Blume Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Pronephrium triphyllum (Sw.) Holttum [abacopteris triphylla (Sw) Ching] Magnoliophyta Balanophoraceae Balanophoraceae  Treating Low milk supply No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Malvaceae Abelmoschus manihol (Hibiscus manihol L.) (L.) Medic Pteridophyta Adiantaceae Adiantum capillus Veneris L Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium xuosum (L.) Sw Magnoliophyta Polygonaceae Polygonum multiflorum Thunb Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Or  Treating Gastropathy No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Acanthaceae Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Cyathocline purpurea Magnoliophyta Vitaceae Ampelopsis cantoniensis Planch Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Ampelop-teris prolifera ( Retz) Copel Magnoliophyta Menispermaceae Stephania rotunda Lour  Treating Fracture No Phylum Magnoliophyta Family Malvaceae) Species Abelmoschus manihol (L.) Medic (Hibiscus manihol L.) Pteridophyta Aspleniaceae Asplenium nidus L Pteridophyta Polypodiaceae Pseudodrynariacoronans (Wall Ex Mett Ching [Aglaomorpha coronans (Mett.) Copel]  Viagra No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Araliaceae Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr Magnoliophyta Balanophoraceae Balanophoraceae  Treating Mumps No Phylum Family Species Pteridophyta Blechnaceae Blechnum orientale L Magnoliophyta Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L  Treating Toothache No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Araceae) Acorus tatarinowii Schott Pteridophyta Polypodiaceae Pseudodrynariacoronans (Wall Ex Mett Ching [Aglaomorpha coronans (Mett.) Copel]  Treating Bleed No Phylum Family Species Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Cyclo sorus parasiticus (L) Farw Pteridophyta Woodsiaceae Diplazium donianum (Mett.) Tard – Blot Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Eclipta alba Pteridophyta Dicksoniaceae Cibotium barometz  Treating Tuberculosis No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Sapindaceae Acer fabri Hance Pteridophyta Ophioglossaceae Helmintho stachys Zeylanica (L) Hook  Magnoliophyta Orchidaceae Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schultze Treating Kidney disease No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L Pteridophyta Cyatheaceae Cyathea spinulosa Wall Ex Hook., 1844 Pteridophyta Lygodiaceae Lygodium xuosum (L.) Sw Pteridophyta Pandanaceae Pandanus tectorius Soland  Treating Diarrhea No Phylum Family Species Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Cyclo sorus acuminatus (Houtt.) Nakai Magnoliophyta Araliaceae Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L.) Merr Magnoliophyta Sapindaceae Acer oliverianum Magnoliophyta Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Cyclo sorus aridus (D.Don) Tagawa Magnoliophyta Musaceae Musa acuminata Colla  Treating Bronchitis No Phylum Family Species Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Achillea millefolium L Pteridophyta Adiantaceae Adiantum capillus veneris L Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Cyclo sorus aridus (d.don) Tagawa Pteridophyta Gleicheniaceae Dicranopteris dichotoma (thunb) Bernh Magnoliophyta Asteraceae Eclipta alba Pteridophyta Ophioglossaceae Helmintho stachys zeylanica (l) Hook Magnoliophyta Orchidaceae Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schultze Magnoliophyta Convallariaceae Polygonatum kingianum Coll Et Hemsl Pteridophyta Thelypteridaceae Pronephrium triphyllum (Sw.) Holttum [abacopteris triphylla (Sw) Ching] 10 Magnoliophyta Lindsaeaceae Stenoloma chusanum (l) Ching 11 Magnoliophyta Talinaceae Talinum fruticosum  The list of families which have been found as medicinal plants in the study area NUMBER FAMILY PHYLUM ACANTHACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA ACERACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA AMARANTHACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA ACORACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA ACTINIDIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA ADIANTACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA AMARANTHACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA ANACARDIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA ANCISTROCLADACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 10 APIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 11 APOCYNACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 12 ARACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 13 ARALIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 14 ASCLEPIADACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 15 ASPLENIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 16 ASTERACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 17 BASELLACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 18 BEGONIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 19 BETULACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 20 BIGNONIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 21 BIXACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 22 BLECHNACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 23 BRASSICACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 24 BURSERACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 25 CAESALPINIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 26 CAPPARACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 27 CAPRIFOLIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 28 CARICACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 29 CLUSIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 30 COMBRETACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 31 COMMELINACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 32 CONVOLVULACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 33 COSTACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 34 CUCURBITACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 35 CYATHEACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 36 DAVALLIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 37 DICKSONIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 38 DILLENIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 39 DIOSCOREACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 40 ERICACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 41 EUPHORBIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 42 FABACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 43 GLEICHENIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 44 HYDRANGEACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 45 HYPOXIDACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 46 LAMIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 47 LAURACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 48 LECYTHIDACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 49 LEEACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 50 LILIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 51 LINDSAEACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 52 LOGANIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 53 LORANTHACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 54 LYGODIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 55 MALVACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 56 MELASTOMATACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 57 MELIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 58 MENISPERMACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 59 MIMOSACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 60 MORACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 61 MYRTACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 62 OLEACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 63 OPHIOGLOSSACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 64 ORCHIDACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 65 OSMUNDACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 66 OXALIDACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 67 PIPERACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 68 POACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 69 POLYPODIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 70 PROTEACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 71 PTERIDACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 72 RHAMNACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 73 RHIZOPHORACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 74 RUBIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 75 RUTACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 76 SAPINDACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 77 SARGENTODOXACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 78 SAURURACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 79 SCROPHULARIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 80 SMILACACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 81 SOLANACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 82 STERCULCEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 83 STERCULIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 84 STYRACACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 85 SYMPLOCACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 86 TALINACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 87 THEACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 88 THELYPTERIDACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA 89 THYMELEACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 90 TILIACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 91 URTICACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 92 VERBENACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 93 VITACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 94 ZINGIBERACEAE MAGNOLIOPHYTA 95 WOODSIACEAE PTERIDOPHYTA  Local people and local physicians who are surveyed:  Local people Number Name Address Lường Văn Ún Bản Phăng Cẩm Thị Ón Bản Phăng 3 Lò Thị Biển Bản Phăng Lò Thị Loan Bản Phăng Cà Thị Điệp Che Căn Lường Thị Niên Che Căn Lù Văn Phức Co Khô  Local physician Number Name Age Number of year as a physician Address Lò Thị Tinh 58 30 Bản Phăng1 Quàng Văn Phúc 56 40 Che Căn Lò Thị Loan 49 20 Bản Phăng Lù Văn Việt 67 30 Bản Phăng Questionnaires:  For local people Name: Age: Living area: Can you give me some names of medicinal plants in Mương Phăng forest that you heard about it before? Can you give me some names of medicinal plants in Mương Phăng forest that you usually saw it? Do you often go to a hospital or a physician in your area when your family’s member is sick? (If the answer for question is a physician) what are the names of diseases that you often go to a physician when you got it? Do you know the medicinal plants that are often use to fix that disease? Have you ever use medicinal plants to fix the disease by yourself? Have you ever gather any medicinal plants? If have, what is medicinal plant that you often gather? Can you show me the area where you gather it? Do you know what medicinal plants are often collected by local people in Muong Phang forest for resale?  For local physicians Name: Age: Number of years as a physician: Living area: What are the main diseases that you often fix by medicinal plants? What are the main medicinal plants that you often use? Did you often use medicinal plants that are collected by yourself or you buy it from seller? (If the answer for question is they buy it) where did you buy it? (If the answer for question is they collect it by yourself) you describe the place that you often collect medicinal plants? What are the main diseases and remedy that you often use to fix for peoples? Can you give more traditional remedies that you know? Photographs of medicinal plant species in the study are  Some medicinal plants have been harvested and planted at home Disporopsis longifolia belong to Asparagaceae Stephania rotunda Lour belong to Menispermaceae Roots of species Talinum fruticosum Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schultze Some medicinal plants are planted and semi-processed for sale by local people Interview local physician Interview with local Interview local physician from Che Can village from Ban from Che Can village and physician Phang village forest managers Interview local people Interview local people from Ban Phang village from Che Can village Cyclosorus acuminatus Adiantum flabellu Local people at Ban Phang Cibotium barometz Sargentodoxaceae Fallopia Multiflora Isodon lophanthoides Achyranthes hidentata Ampelopsis cantoniensis Planch Historical site: Living and working of the top ranking Investigate the study site Investigate the study site general VO NGUYEN along the trail at the GIAP at Muong Phang forest historical site ... medicinal plants and their uses here Therefore, I choose the thesis ? ?STUDY ON THE DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AT MUONG PHANG FOREST, DIEN BIEN PROVINCE? ?? to study and evaluate the diversity of medicinal. .. list of medicinal plants at the study site III METHODOLOGY 3.1 Study Site Figure1: Muong Phang forest 3.1.1 Natural conditions in study area  Geographical location Muong Phang forest belong to Muong. .. planted forest, and bareland In the east of the Muong Phang forest, there is a peak of 1,658m high, the highest peak of the forest on the border with Dien Bien Dong district In the west, the forest