Song Vinh Te khong chi la mpt cong trinh t h i y ldi phuc vu san x u a t nong nghiep va ddi song dan sinh cho dan cU hai nudc Viet Nam, Chan Lap dpc bien gidi tfl An Giang den Ha Tien ma[r]
(1)16 Nghiin cdu Ddng Nam A 8/2010 ^ ^ ^ MOT SO NET VE TO CHUC HANH CHINH TREN VUNG DAT NAM BQ TU DAU THE KY XVII DEN GIUTA THE KY XIX NGUYEN DLfC NHUE I.Thdi cac chiia N g u y e n Tinh tfl khi chua Nguyen Phuc Nguyen lap sd t h u t h u e d Prei Nokor (Sai Gdn) va Kas Krobei (Ben Nghe) va c i quan quan den ddng ddn an gifl vao n a m 1623 den n a m 1757, toan bp mien dat Nam Bp chiu sU quan Iy toan dien cua chinh quyen cac chfla Nguyen d Dang Trong N h a m k h i n g dinh va tien h a n h thUc thi c h i quyen t r e n vung dat mdi, cac chua Nguyen da thiet lap va cung co' he tho'ng chinh quyen dia phUdng, td chflc quan dpi va trien khai cac hoat dpng kinh te theo mo hinh chung c i a xfl Dang Trong L a n h thd Dang Trong tfl sau N g u y i n Phflc Khoat XUng vUdng (1744) dupc chia lam 12 dinh Vflng dat N a m Bp cd dinh la Tra'n Bien (Bien Hda), Phien T r a n (Gia Dinh) va Long Hd (Vinh Long) Rieng H a Tien dat lam t r a n , cd chflc Do do'c dflng d i u va giao cho ddng hp Mac (con chau Mac C i u ) quan Iy Dinh T r a n Bien, tri sd ddng tai huyen Phflc Long, q u a n thupc gdm Ky Iuc, Cai an, Tri ba moi chflc ngudi Sd thupc cd ty Xa sai, Cau ke ngudi, Cai hdp ngudi, ty Tudng t h i n lai Cau ke ngUdi, TS Nguyin Diic Nhue, Vien Sii hoc Cai hpp ngudi, T h u hdp ngudi, Lai vien 10 ngUdi Dinh Phien T r a n , Ii sd ddng tai huyen Tan Binh, q u a n thupc gdm Ky Iuc, Cai an, Tri ba moi chflc ngudi Sd thupc cd ty Tudng t h a n lai Cau ke ngudi, Cai hdp ngudi, Thu hdp ngUdi, Lai vien 10 ngudi Dinh Long Hd li sd ddng tai chau Dinh Vien, quan thupc gdm Ky Iuc, Cai an, Tri ba moi chflc ngudi Sd thupc thi cd Ty Tudng t h i n Iai, ty Xa sai, so' vien chflc nhu dinh T r a n Bien He tho'ng q u a n thupc d cac p h i , huyen, tong dupc quy dinh n h u sau: Moi p h i , huyen deu cd chflc Tri p h i , Tri huyen d i n g d i u va bp p h a n g i i p viec nhu De lai Thong lai, H u a n dao Ngoai ra, d moi phu deu cd cac chflc C h a n h hp k h a m ly, De do'c, De linh, p h i ky luc, p h i t h u ky moi c h i c mpt ngudi Moi huyen cd cac c h i c Cai tri, Huyen t h u ky mdi chflc ngudi, Duyen lai ngudi Dudi huyen la cac tdng, xa vung ddng bang va cac thupc (tUdng dUdng tdng), thon, phudng, n a u m a n d mien nfli hay mien bien Moi tdng thi Cai tdng ngudi; cac thupc thi moi thupc De linh, Cai thupc mdi chflc ngUdi, ky thupc ngUdi, Cai tdng ngUdi, Duyen lai ngudi (2) Nguyin Dire Nhue - Mdt sd net ve to chdc hdnh chinh trin vimg ddt Nam Bd d cap xa, cac chfla Nguyen dat cac chflc Tudng t h i n va Xa trudng Nhflng xa cd 999 ngUdi trd xuo'ng dat 18 Xa trUdng va Tudng t h i n ; 400 ngUdi trd xuo'ng dat Xa trudng va Tudng t h i n ; 119 ngudi trd xudng dat Xa trudng hay Tudng t h i n Nam 1726, chfla Nguyen dat cac thupc Nhflng thupc cd 500 ngUdi trd len thi dat Cai thupc, Ky luc; 450 ngudi trd xuo'ng thi dat Ky thupc; 100 ngudi trd xuo'ng chi dat Tudng t h a n Ve ddn vi Thugc, tac gia Le Quy Don cho biet: "Hp Nguyen md m a n g coi Nam, dat p h i huyen cac ndi g i n nui, rflng, dpc song bien, thUdng dat lam thupc, cho cac phudng, thon, nau, m a n le te le vao, dat n h a n vien coi op, cflng giong n h u cac tong; cd cho t h u thdc to rupng, cd cho t h u tien nop thay, lam so tuyen dinh, so dan cd the biet dUdc, so^ dan cd the biet dupc, c i a cai phfl t h u e cflng nhieu, cflng la ky vay Cac chflc vien coi Thupc khong dupc xep vao quan chflc dia phUdng ma trUc tie'p Npi p h i q u a n ly'^^ Trong he tho'ng q u a n c h i c dia phUdng ke tren, hp Nguyen dat rieng mpt ngach chuyen t h u t h u e gpi la Bdn dUdng quan bao gdm cac c h i c De do'c, Phd de do'c, De linh, Phd de Imh, Ky luc, Ky p h i , Thu ky nom so sach va Cai tri, Cai p h i don doc thu thue d cap p h i , cac c h i c Thu ky, Duyen lai p h u trach sd sach va t h u thue d cap huyen Nam 1779, sau len ngoi chua, Nguyen Anh cho dat cong dUdng d cac dinh T r a n Bien, P h i e n T r a n va Long Hd, ddng chien thuyen, chfla q u a n lUdng de do'i phd vdi n h a Tay Sdn, ddng thdi p h a n chia dia gidi b a dinh Tra'n Bien, Phien T r a n va Long Hd: Dinh T r a n Bien linh huyen (Phflc Long), cd tdng (Tan Chinh, Binh An, Long T h a n h va Phuc An) 17 Dinh Phien T r a n Iinh huyen la Tan Binh, cd tdng (Binh Dudng, Tan Ldng, Phuc Lpc va Binh Thuan) Dinh Long Hd ddi lam dinh H o i n g Tra'n, linh chau la Dinh Vien, cd tdng (Binh An, Binh Dudng va Tan An) Dao TrUdng Ddn la ndi ye'u dia c i a ba dinh nen chfla Nguyen cho dat Iam dinh TrUdng Ddn (nay la tinh Dinh Tudng), Imh huyen (Kien An), cd tdng (Kien Dang, Kien H u n g va Kien Hda) d moi dinh deu dat cac c h i c lUu thu, cai ba, ky luc de cai tri Rieng mien dat Gia Dinh cdn la ndi nhieu rflng rfl d i m lly, nen chfla Nguyen cho mp dan tdi d, dUdc tfly tien lap ap vd hoang Chua Nguyen lai cho dat chin trUdng kho' nap rieng (cac kho Quy An, Quy Hda, C a n h DUdng, Thien Mu, Gian Thao, Hoang Lap, Tam Lach, Ba Canh, Tan Thinh) de t h u thue, so'thue nhieu it khong deu ^^\ Khoang n i a sau the ky XVIII, tac gia Le Quy Don cho biet so' lieu ve cac thon nau, dinh so' va rupng dat d dinh t r a n Tran Bien, Phien Tra'n va Long Hd nhu sau: Dinh T r a n Bien, sd^ thon huyen Phuc Long la hdn 250 thon, d a n so' c h i n g 8000 ngudi, le t h u e rupng la hdn 2000 hoc Cac n a u ve cac thupc Canh Dudng, Thien Mu, Hoang Lap c h i n g 40 thon nau, dan so' 1000 ngudi, le nop t h u e cd 20 chie'c chien thuyen (khoang 1000 ngudi, dupc mien sUu, bd sung vao lUc lUdng t a m binh canh gifl cac c i a bien, d i u ngudn) Cac n a u ve thupc O Tat chflng 30 nau, dan so'udc 500 dinh, 10 chiec chien thuyen TrUdng Gian Thao, so' rupng cd chflng 60 sd Dinh Phien Tra'n, so' thon thupc huyen Tan Binh hdn 350 thon, s d d a n hdn 15.000 ngUdi, le thue rupng hdn 3.000 hoc So' thon thupc Quy An hdn 100 thon, so' dan (3) 18 hdn 3.000 dinh, chien t h u y e n 50 chiec, le thue rupng hdn 5.000 hoc So' thon thupc Tam Lach 100 thon, sd dan 4.000 dinh, chien thuyen 70 chie'c, sd rupng hdn 5.000 t h i a So' thon trai Ba Canh, Ba Lai, Rach Kien 100 thon, chien thuyen 70 chiec, sd rupng hdn 4.000 t h i a Dinh Long Hd, so' thon chau Dinh Viln 350 thon, sd dan 7.000 ngUdi, sd rupng 7.000 t h i a Nhin chung td chflc h a n h chinh va bp may quan ly thdi ky d i u cdn ddn gian, mflc dp tap t r u n g b a n che nhUng it nhieu thong qua qua t r i n h boat dpng c i a bp may quan Iy, quyen lUc thUc te cua cac chua N g u y i n viec kiem soat rupng dat, n h a n dinh, to thue da dUdc thUc thi xudng t a n cd sd Ngoai ra, cac chfla Nguyin cflng td chflc lUc lUdng q u a n dpi kha dong dao d cac dinh t r a n n h l m bao ve chu quyen tren vflng dat mdi To chflc quan dpi thdi cac chua Nguyen gdm hang quan: quan Tuc ve bao ve Kinh t h a n h Phfl Xuan, t h u p h i c i a x i Dang Trong tfl n a m 1736; quan cMnh quy thudng trUc d cac dinh va thd binh d cac dia phUdng LUc lUdng quan dpi dUdc to chflc d cac dinh T r a n Bien, PMen Tran, Long Hd va t r a n Ha Tien k h a manh, n h a m gifl gin an ninh t r a t tU t r e n dia b a n va bao ve lanh tho trUdc sU xam Ian cua Xiem La, giflp dd Chan Lap cd npi bien Gifla the ky XVIII trd di, che dp phong kien d Dang Ngoai va D a n g Trong budc vao giai doan k h u n g hoang t r i m trpng Tfl nhflng n a m cuo'i cua t h a p nien 40, phong trao noi day cua nong dan d Dang Ngoai dien r a r i m rp va rpng k h a p d Dang Trong, nhflng n a m d i u the ky XVIII cflng da dien r a cac cupc ndi day Ie te cua n h a n dan chddng Iai chinh quyen Nam 1708, ddng bao t h i e u s d m i e n Ba Ria ndi day Nam 1746, ddng bao thieu sd d Nghiin cihi Ddng Nam A 8/2010 Tra'n Bien Dudng Bao Lai va Diep Ma Lang d m dau ndi day Tiep dd, n a m 1747, tai Tra'n Bien lai nd mot cupc noi day mot ngUdi Hda kieu la Ly Van Q u a n g d m d i u nhUng hi LUu t h i N g u y i n CUdng Cai cd dao H u n g Phuc la Tdng Phudc Dai hdp q u a n d a n h dep, b i t dupc Van Q u a n g va dd dang 57 ngUdi N g u y i n Phuc Khoat t h a y la ngUdi T h a n h nen khong giet vpi, deu h a nguc^^\ Sau Vo vUdng Nguyen Phuc Khoat m a t (1765), chinh quyen Dang Trong cang suy ddi Nguyen Phflc T h u i n len no'i ngoi chua mdi 11 tudi, mpi quyen h a n h deu t a p t r u n g vao tay quyen t h a n TrUdng Phflc Loan TrUdc sU hoc lot to thue, lao dich, binh dich cang nang ne, n h a n dan Dang Trong tie'p tuc ndi day p h a n k h a n g N a m 1770, tai Ha Tien, mpt ngudi linh la P h a m Lam va mpt so' ngUdi JaVa, Chan Lap da d m d i u mpt cupc noi day vfl t r a n g 15 thuyen chie'n vdi hdn 1.000 ngUdi t h a m gia Day la cupc noi day cd quy mo ldn dUdc dong dao q u i n chflng n h a n dan ung hp Nam 1771 cupc khdi nghia nong dan Tay Sdn bung nd tai ap Tay Sdn (Binh Dinh) vdi lUc lUdng nghia quan budi d i u len den vai ngan ngUdi Nam 1773, nghia quan t h a n h Quy Nhdn va phat trien the lUc Quang Ngai, vao Binh Thuan Ldi dung luc chinh quyen Dang Trong suy sup trUdc sflc tien cong cua quan Tay Sdn, nam 1774, quan Le - Trinh tien cong vao Nam Nghia quan Tay Sdn t a m thdi hda hoan vdi quan Trinh de tap trung lUc lUdng tieu diet quan Nguyin Sau quan Trinh rflt ve Bic, mien Quang Nam quan Tay Sdn quan gifl Tfl nam 1776 trd di, vflng dat N a m Bp trd t h a n h dia ban t r a n h chap gifla cac chua Nguyin (tfl n a m 1778, dai dien chinh thflc la N g u y i n Anh) va Tay Sdn (4) Nguyin Ddc Nhue - Mdt sd net ve to chdc hdnh chinh trin vdng ddt Nam Bd Quan Tay Sdn nhieu l l n quan Iy dUdc Gia Dinh n h u n g lUc lUdng mdng va yeu nen khong gifl dupc va bi quan Nguyen a n h chiem Iai Thang n a m 1801, N g u y i n a n h chiem dupc Quang Nam, t h a n g chiem t h a n h Phu Xuan, trieu dinh Tay Sdn hi b i t g i n het Den t h a n g n a m 1802, Nguyen a n h chie'm dUdc Bac Ha, vUdng trieu Tay Sdn sup dd hoan toan To chdc hdnh chinh dudi trieu Nguyen: d Nam Bg Ngay mflng t h a n g n a m N h a m T u a t (tfle 1-6-1802), Nguyen a n h len ngoi Hoang de, dat nien hieu la Gia Long, md dau cho vUdng trieu Nguyen Kinh dong d T h u a n Hda (Hue) Vung dat N a m Bp ddng mot vai tro r a t dac biet quan trpng qua t r i n h giup dd Nguyen a n h cho'ng lai n h a Tay Sdn, lap nen vUdng trieu Nguyen Do dd sau len ngoi, Gia Long cflng n h u cac vi vua ke nhiem (Minh Menh, Thieu Tri) dac biet quan t a m den vflng dat Nam Bp Ngay sau vUdng trieu N g u y i n dUdc xae lap, n a m 1802 vua Gia Long quy dinh xep dat Iai he tho'ng q u a n chflc d cac dinh tra'n ca nUdc Theo Ie chuan thi: tra'n P h i e n An, Bien Hoa, Vinh Thanh, Dinh Tudng deu dat T h u ky, Cai an, Tri ba, ty Xa sai, ty Tudng t h i n lai Dao Long Xuyen, dao Kien Giang deu dat Cai an, Tri ba, vien dich cac ty tfl thupc Iai ty trd len, ndi nhieu viec, it viec deu khong cd so' dinh trUdc Lai chuan chpn nhflng ngudi thong hieu chinh sU ma lam dupc viec, bd vao ty ta thfla hflu thfla b a n tran*^''' Rieng p h i Gia Dinh, tfl n a m 1800, N g u y i n a n h cho ddi t h a n h t r a n Gia Dinh, va den nam 1802, dat cac chflc Tdng t r a n , Phd tdng tra'n, Cai ba, Cai an, Tri ba 19 N a m 1808, vua Gia Long cho ddi Gia Dinh tra'n lam Gia Dinh t h a n h , dinh Phien Tra'n lam t r a n Phien An, dinh Tran Bien lam t r a n Bien Hoa, dinh Vinh Tran lam t r a n Vinh Thanh, dinh Tra'n Dinh lam t r a n Dinh Tudng; d cac t r a n thi nang huyen len t h a n h p h i , nang tong Ien t h a n h huyen (tran Phien An cd p h i , huyen; t r a n Bien Hoa cd p h i , huyen; t r a n Vinh T h a n h cd p h i , huyen; thupc t r a n Dinh Tudng cd p h i , huyen; hai dao Long Xuyen va Kien Giang cflng dat la huyen Long Xuyen va Kien Giang, moi huyen deu dat tdng Moi huyen dat mpt chflc Tri huyen Ddng thdi chuan dinh so' n h a n vien cho Ta hflu thfla ty, CMem h a u ty, LUdng y ty cua cac t h a n h dinh tran N a m Minh M e n h thfl (1822), n h a Nguyen cho ddi dinh so' vien chflc d hai thfla ty va cac t h a n h dinh tran Ngach cfl t h a n h Gia Dinh 138 ngUdi, t a n g lam 160 ngudi; Bien Hda 60 ngUdi, t a n g lam 74 ngudi; Phien An, Dinh Tudng 118 ngUdi, giam cdn 108 ngUdi; Vinh T h a n h 118 ngudi; Ha Tien 46 ngudi, van theo ngach cu Cai hdp thUc t h u trUdc, thi ddi bd chanh bat p h a m t h u lai; t h u hdp ddi bd chanh c i u p h a m t h u lai® [ : Do'i vdi cap huyen, t h a n g 2, n a m Gia Long t h i 12 (1813), n h a N g u y i n bat d i u dat Tri huyen Gia Dinh, moi huyen ngudi, ken cac tri huyen t h a m nien d bo'n dinh trUc Ie va hai t r a n Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh de sung bo Ddng thdi sai chpn dat xay dUng Iy sd cac p h i huyen Theo ghi chep cua Trinh Hoai Dflc, den nam 1816 he tho'ng cac ddn vi h a n h chinh tfl cap t r a n de'n xa thon d N a m Bp nhu sau: - Tran Phien An gdm p h i (Tan Binh), huyen (Binh DUdng, Tan Long, Phflc Lpc, T h u a n An), tdng, 460 xa, thon, phudng, lan, ap (5) 20 Nghiin cdu Ddng Nam A 8/2010 - T r a n Bien Hoa gdm p h i (Phuc Long), huyen (Phflc Chinh, Binh An, Long Thanh, P h i c An), tdng va 310 xa, thon, phUdng - Tran Dinh Tudng gdm p h i (Kien An), huyen (Kien Dang, Kien Hung, Kien Hoa), tdng va 314 thon, I p - Tra'n Vinh T h a n h gdm p h i (Dinh Vien), huyen (Vinh Binh, Vinh An, Vinh Dinh, T a n An), tdng va 353 thon, phudng, ap, trai, xdm - T r a n Ha Tien cd huyen (Kien Giang, Long Xuyen), tdng va 103 xa, thon, xdm, pho', dpi, nau, thupc, sd, sdc - Khu vUc Ie thupc t r a n Ha Tien (chUa dat danh hieu phu, huyen, tdng) gdm 52 xa thon, xdm, pho', sd, thupc, dpi, sdc Trong dd: Ngudi Viet 19 xa, thon, thupc NgUdi Minh HUdng, ngudi T h a n h (Hoa kieu) pho', sd, xdm, thupc NgUdi Cao Mien 26 sdc - Nam 1819 thi t r a n Phien An so' dinh 28.200 ngudi, dien thd hdn 4.800 sd; Bien Hoa so' dinh hdn 10.600 ngudi, dien thd hdn 2.800 sd; Dinh Tudng sd dinh hdn 19.800 ngUdi, dien thd hdn 7.000 sd; Vinh Thanh s d d i n h hdn 37.000 ngUdi, dien thd hdn 9.900 sd; Ha Tien sd dinh hdn J.500 ngUdi, dien thd 60 sd Rieng n a m 1813 so' dinh d Gia Dinh t a n g len 26.000 ngUdi Cung vdi qua t r i n h kien toan he tho'ng hanh chinh cac cap, tfl cuo'i the ky XVIII va thdi Gia Long tren vung dat N a m Bp viec xay dUng cac t h a n h tri, t r a n lyndi dat bp may cai t r i - dUdc day m a n h d dpc tuyen bien gidi (ca dUdng bp lan ven bien) giap r a n h vdi Cao Mien va Xiem La, nha Nguyen cho lap nhieu ddn bao, t h u sd cd binh linh ddng gifl Ve cd ban n h a Nguyen r a t chfl trpng den viec phdng t h i bien gidi, y thflc ve viec bao ve c h i quyen lanh thd quo'c gia r a t r5 rang D i u thdi Minh Menh, n h a N g u y i n v i n gifl nguyen he tho'ng h a n h chinh cac d p thdi Gia Long Gia Dinh t h a n h bao gdm t r a n Phien An, Bien Hoa, Vinh Thanh, Dinh Tudng va H a Tien Dudi t r a n la cac ddn vi h a n h chinh d p p h i , huyen, tong, xa N a m Minh M e n h thfl (1823), nha Nguyen cho dinh lai p h a m t r a t cac chflc d p h i huyen P h i dat Tri p h i , t r a t Tdng ngfl pham, huyen dat Tri huyen, trat Tdng Iuc pham, d tdng dat chflc Cai tdng Trong thdi M i n h Menh, xuat phat t i dieu lien thUc te: rupng dat k h a n hoang cang nhieu, dinh so' hp k h a u cang tang nen n h a Nguyen cho lap them nhieu ddn vi h a n h chinh mdi (tdng nang Ien t h a n h huyen, huyen t h a n g t h a n h phi ) Trong hai n a m 1831- 1832 Minh Menh tien h a n h cai each h a n h chinh tren pham vi ca nUdc, ma trUdc het chia dat cac tinh d Bac T h a n h Tfl Thfla Thien trd Bic dat Iam 18 tinh T h a n g 10 nam Nham Ngp (1832), t h a n g sau Tong t r a n Gia Dinh t h a n h la Le Van Duyet che't, Minh M e n h tien h a n h chia dat cac tinh tfl Thfla Thien trd vao N a m S i p xep ddn vi h a n h chinh d N a m Ky sau n a m 1832 nhU sau: Tinh Phien An: gdm p h i Tan Binh, Tan An va huyen Binh DUdng, Tan Long, Phuc Lpc, T h u a n An, Tan Hoa Tinh Bien Hod : cd p h i Phuc Long va huyen Phuc Chinh, Phuc An, Binh An, Long Thanh Tinh Vinh Long : gdm p h i Dinh Viin, H o i n g An, Lac Hoa va huyen Vinh Binh, Vinh Tu, Tan Minh, Bao An, T u a n Nghia, Tra Vinh Tinh Dinh Tudng : cd p h i Kien An va (6) Nguyen Ddc Nhue - Mdt sd net ve td chiCc hdnh chinh trin viing ddt Nam Bd huyen Kie'n Hung, Kien Dang, Kie'n Hoa Tinh An Giang : cd p h i Tan Thanh, Tuy Bien va huyen Vinh An, Vinh Dinh, Dong Xuyen, Tay Xuyen Tinh Hd Tien : cd p h i Khai Bien va huyen Ha Chau, Long Xuyen, Kien Giang Cac tinh An - Bien (Phien An, Bien Hda), Long - Tudng (Vinh Long, Dinh Tudng), An - Ha (An Giang, Ha Tien), thi Tdng do'c kiem lam viec T u i n p h i Tdng do'c An - Ha lai kiem cd viec bdo hg nUdc Chdn Lgp Bien Hoa, Dinh Tudng va Ha Tien thi dflng Bo' chinh quyen gifl I n va lam viec T u i n p h i Hai ty Bo' chinh, an sat, moi ty cd Thong p h a n va Kinh lich Bat, C i u pham t h u lai den Vi n h a p luu t h u Iai, tinh to hay nhd ma nhieu hay it khac Cac tinh Bien Hoa, Dinh TUdng, Ha Tien, moi tinh dat L a n h binh quan, dflng quan Tong t a m pham, Phien An, Vinh Long, An Giang, moi tinh dat Lanh binh quan dflng q u a n C h a n h t a m pham va Phd l a n h binh quan, dflng quan Tdng tam pham Ngoai viec xep dat q u a n chflc d cac p h i huyen, viec tai chinh, t h u e khda, kho tang, trUdng sd va xay dUng Iy sd tinh, p h i , huyen cflng t h a n h tri, ddn bao d cac dia phUdng va quan he ngoai giao vdi cac nUdc lan bang (Xiem, Chan Lap) cflng dupc kien toan ddt d i each h a n h chinh l l n Tfl sau n a m 1832, viec d i td, xep dat cac ddn vi h a n h chinh d p p h i , huyen, tdng thudng xuyen dien r a tren cd sd cac thon ap dUdc h i n h t h a n h qua qua trinh k h a n hoang Song song vdi viec kien toan he tho'ng h a n h chinh, thdi Minh Menh va 21 Thieu Tri, tinh h i n h chinh tri, quan dU tren vflng dat N a m Bp d i l n r a t phflc tap, dac biet la q u a n he gifla trieu Nguyen vdi Xiem La r a t cang thang, dd npi bp trieu chinh Chan Lap thudng xay r a m a u t h u a n t r a n h chap bupc n h a Nguyen phai can thiep, nen nha Nguyen r a t quan t a m den viec cung co' xay dUng he tho'ng t h a n h tri, ddn bao t a n sd, nha't la d nhflng vflng bien gidi Dac biet, cuo'i thdi Gia Long sang d i u thdi Minh Menh, mpt nhflng cong t r i n h thuy Idi cd quy mo n h a t d Nam Bp dupc thuc hien d i u trieu Nguyen la cong cupc dao song Vinh Te Cong trinh dao k e n h Vinh Te keo dai khoang n a m (1819-1824), huy dpng khoang hdn 50 van binh dan ngUdi Kinh va ngUdi Chan Lap cflng t h a m gia Song Vinh Te khong chi la mpt cong trinh t h i y ldi phuc vu san x u a t nong nghiep va ddi song dan sinh cho dan cU hai nudc Viet Nam, Chan Lap dpc bien gidi tfl An Giang den Ha Tien ma cdn dupc xem n h u la mpt hao bao ve vflng bien gidi Tay Nam cua Viet Nam Ngay t i thap nien 20 (the ky XIX), song Vinh Te cd the dUdc xem la dudng r a n h tUdng do'i gidi gifla Viet Nam va Campuehia tfl Chau Doc den Ha Tien./ C H U THICH Le Quy Don: Phu bien tgp luc sdd, tr, 155 Bgi Nam thUc luc Chinh bien De nhat ky, Tap I, sdd, tr 208 Bgi Nam thUc luc Tien bien Q 10, Tap I, sdd, tr 155 Khdm dinh Bgi Nam hgi dien sit le Chinh bien, Q, 12) Bgi Nam thUc luc Chinh bien De nhi ky, tap II, sdd, tr 227-228 (7)