Tuyển tập các câu hỏi tự luận và trắc nghiệm lịch sử 12 phần 2

D A P A N C A U H6I T R A C N G H I E M B A I 'can qu6'c d o n g bao h a y dufng d^y d e m 18 B C D A C D A B B 10 B 11 C 12 D 13 B 14 D 15 B 16 D 17 A 18 C 19 C 20 B 21 C 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 B 26 A 27 B 28 D 29 B sijfc t a m a t U gi&i p h n g cho t a C h u n g t a k h n g t h e c h a m t r e T i e n I g n ! T i e n l e n ! D u d i M cd V i e t M i n h , d n g bao h a y d u n g cdm t i e n l e n ! " - Lanh dao sang tao ciia Dang Tong khdi nghia: + C h i e u 16 - 8, m o t doi quan g i a i p h o n g d o n g c h i Vo N g u y e n G i d p c h i h u y da tii T a n T r a o t i e n ve g i a i p h o n g t h i xa T h a i N g u y e n , m d d a u cho Tong k h d i n g h i a g i a n h c h i n h quyen t r o n g t o a n quoc T i n h den n g a y 18 - da c6 t i n h Bai 19 C A C H MANG T H A N G TAM N U d C V I E T NAM I C A U H I 1945 l y g i a n h dUdc c h i n h q u y e n : Bac G i a n g , H a i DUdng, H a T i n h , Q u a n g N a m DAN C H U C O N G HOA D\J0C T H A N H L A P + G i a n h c h i n h q u y e n d t h u H a N o i : C h i l u 15 - 8, m e n h l e n h k h d i n g h i a v l t d i H a N o i , s a n g 16 - t r u y e n d d n , bieu ngU xua't h i e n k h d p m o i n d i , k h o n g Tl/LUAN k h i k h d i nghia them'soi C a u 1: P h a n t i c h v a chufng m i n h s\i l a n h d a o k i p thcd, s a n g t a o c u a D a n g C p n g s a n D o n g Du'cftig v a l a n h t u H o C h i M i n h t r o n g C a c h m a n g t h a n g T a m ? 6, t i e n vao n o i t h a n h , p h o i hdp v d i qudn c h i i n g n o i t h a n h , tiS'n h a n h cu5c m i t - Cach m a n g t h a n g T a m t h a n h cong ngoai viec c h u a n b i l a u d a i p h a i b i e t c h d p t h d i ccf p h a t d o n g q u a n c h u n g T o n g khdi n g h i a g i a n h c h i n h quyen t i n h k h o n g 16 t a i san N h a h a t I d n M o t rCfng cd v a n g moc l e n , qu&n c h i i n g h6 t o a n quo'c T h d i ca t r o n g C a c h m a n g t h d n g T d m dirac b i e u h i e n : + Ve p h i a q u a n c h i i n g each m a n g : da sSn s&ng n o i d a y g i & n h c h i n h quyen D a n g C o n g san D o n g D u o n g da chuan b i day d i i , san s a n g l a n h dao - Quyet dinh ciia Dang viec chdp thdi ca: TrUdc n h U n g c h u y e n b i e n m a u le cua t i n h h i n h , D a n g da t i e n h ^ n h H o i n g h i t o a n quoc tU n g a y 13 den n g a y 15 - - 1945 ( t a i T a n T r a o - T u y e n Quang) + H o i n g h i quyg't d i n h p h ^ t d o n g T o n g k h d i n g h i a g i & n h c h i n h quySn t r o n g ca nUdc T h a n h l a p l a p U y b a n k h d i n g h i a r a Q u a n l e n h so 1, k e u g o i t o ^ n dSn n o i day H o i n g h i de r a ba' n g u y e n tac c h i dao k h d i n g h i a : t a p t r u n g , t h o n g n h a t va k i p t h d i + H o i n g h i t o a n quoc ciia D a n g vi^a be mac, T o n g bo V i e t M i n h t r i e u t a p Quoc d a n D a i h o i T a n T r a o - T u y e n Q u a n g , t r o n g ng^y 16 va 17-8-1945 T h a m d u D a i h o i c6 60 dai bieu dai dien cho n h a n d a n ba m i e n , B&c - T r u n g N a m , cho cac d a n toe, cac d a n g p h a i , cdc t o n giao dudi sU chu t r i cua H o C h i M i n h D a i hoi da hiiu quyet t a n t h a n h chu trUdng T o n g k h d i n g h i a cOa T r u n g Udng Dang D a i h o i q u y e t d i ^ h : Quo'c k i la Id cd d6 v a n g , Quoc ca la b a i T i e n q u a n ca D a t t e n nude la nude V i e t N a m D a n chu C o n g hoa va cOf U y b a n d a n toe g i a i p h d n g V i e t N a m H o C h i M i n h duTng dau i! TrUde siJc m a n h ciia q u a n c h i i n g , bon d i c h cho'ng cu yeu d t C h i n h q u y e n y ' ve t a y n h a n d a n Cuoe k h d i n g h i a d H a N o i h o a n t o a n t h ^ n g I d i + G i a n h c h i n h q u y e n d H u e : S a n g n g a y 23 - 8, h a n g v a n q u a n c h i i n g ngoai M t h a n h p h o i h d p v d i cong n h a n , t h a n h n i e n va c&c t&ng Idp lao d o n g k h d c d n o i • t h a n h tig'n h a n h cuoe b i e u dUdng luc lUdng cUdp c h i n h q u y ^ n ? TrUdc k h i t h e v i j n g day n h U nUdc v d b d ciia q u a n c h i i n g , b o n d i c h d dSy k h o n g m c h o n g eU C d c h m a n g g i a n h t h a n g I d i d H u e N g a y 30 - - 1945, t a i ciVa Ngo M o n (Hue') dUdi r i f n g cd v a n g , d i e n r a f cu6c m i t t i n h ciia h a n g v a n n h a n d a n chijfng k i e n Bao D a i , o n g vua cuoi c u n g ciia che p h o n g k i e n V i e t N a m doc I d i t h o a i v i va nop a n k i e m cho each m a n g + T a i Sai G o n : M d s a n g n g a y 25 - - 1945, t i M g d o a n q u a n k h d i n g h i a cua c6ng n h a n , n o n g d a n ngoai t h a n h p h o i hdp v d i h a n g chuc v a n q u a n c h i i n g n o i t h a n h CO v u t r a n g k e m theo, t i e n h a n h b i l u t i n h , t h i uy dAnh c h i e m cdc c o n g sd ciia d i c h K e d i c h d day k h o n g d a m c h o n g cU C h i t r o n g n g a y 25 - 8, k h d i n g h i a d Sai G o n da t h a n h cong cac n d i eon l a i d N a m Bo, ke ca C o n Dao den n g a y 28 - 8, k h d i n g h i a da g i a n h c h i n h q u y e n ve t a y n h a r i d a n T h a n g I d i cua cac cuoe k h d i n g h i a H a N o i , Hug', Sai G n cd y n g h i a q u y e t d i n h d§'n t h d n g I d i ciia Cach m a n g t h a n g T a m t r o n g p h a m v i ca nUdc C h i t r o n g v o n g D a i h o i da quyet d i n h nhOfng v a n de b e t siJc q u a n t r o n g c6 l i e n q u a n d e n v ^ n m e n h ciia d a t nude C h u a n b i nhCfng cong viec cuoi c i j n g cho T o n g k h d i n g h i a H o i n g h i t o a n quoc ciia D a n g va D a i h o i Quoc d a i j T a n T r a o da t h e h i e n sU d o a n k e t , n h a t t r i q u y e t t a m g i a n h doc l a p t U ciia t o a n D a n g , t o a n d a n t a 15 n g a y ( t i ^ 14 den 28 - - 1945) cuoe T o n g k h d i n g h i a g i a n h dUdc t h d n g I d i t r o n y e n Lin dau t i e n t r o n g l i c h siJf, c h i n h quyen ca nUde ve t a y n h a n d a n fiu 2: Y n g h i a l i c h suf, n g u y e n n h a n t h a n h c o n g , n h i J n g b a i h C kinh ghi^m cua Cach mang thang Tam? - Luc n a y H o C h i M i n h da gdi t h u k e u goi d o n g bao ca nUdc duTng l e n d a n h N h a t " H d i d o n g bao yeu quy! G i d quyet d i n h cho v a n m e n h d a n toe t a da n h u : P h u K h a m s a i , Toa T h i e h i n h , Sd C a n h sat l| quan c h u n g n o i day g i a n h c h i n h quyen l§p" K h o a n g 11 g i d 30 cuoe m i t t i n h k e t t h i i c , quSn c h i i n g c h i a t h a n h n h i e u t o d n , dudi sU l a n h dao ciia V i e t M i n h , toa d i d a n h c h i e m cac cd q u a n dau nao ciia d i c h qu&n P h d p or D o n g DiTcrng chifa k i p n o i day 148 ^ t a y sai cua N h a t d D o n g Ducrng h o a n g m a n d e n circ d6, m a t b e t t i n h t h a n chie'n dau; liic n a y q u a n D o n g m i n h chUa k i p n h d y v&o D o n g Ducfng; v a n g cac k h a u b i e u " D a dao C h i n h p h i i bu n h i n " , " U n g ho V i e t M i n h " , " V i e t N a m h o a n t o a n doc + V e p h i a ke t h u : n g a y 14 - - 1945, p h d t x i t N h a t b i D o n g m i n h d d n h b a i , bon N h a t sue M d s a n g n g a y 19 - 8, h a n g chuc v a n q u a n c h i i n g n g o a i t h a n h , k6o qua cAc ciia de'n * y nghia : - Doi vai dan toe: 149 + C&ch m a n g thdng Tdm 1945 Ik mot bign c6 v i dai lich sic dan t6c, da p M tan hai tang xieng xich no le cua thuc dan Phdp va phat x i t Nhat, lat n M o ngai vang phong kien ton tai hkng ngkn n&m tren dat nude ta, lap nen nude Viet Nam Dan chu Cong h6a, Nha nUde cong nong dau ti§n d Dong Nam A + Thang Icfi cua Cach mang thang Tarn 1945, dira nUdc ta tCr m6t nudc thuoc dia t r d mot nUdc doc lap, dUa nhan dan ta tir than phan no le len dia v i lam chii nUdc nha, dUa Dang ta tif mot Dang hoat dong bi mat t r d mot Dang cam quyen + each mang thang Tam cong md mat ki nguyen mdi lich sijr dan toe: k i nguyen giai phong dan toe gdn lien vdi giai phdng giai cap cong nhan va nhan dan lao dong, doc lap dan toe gan lien vdi chu nghia xa h6i - Doi vdi the giai: + each mang thang Tam 1945 la thdng M ddu tien t h d i dai mdi cua mot dan toe nho yeu t u ddng len giai phong khdi aeh de quoc thUe dan + Thang Igi cua Cach mang thang Tam da gop phan vao chien t h i n g chu nghia phat x i t Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai + Thang loi cua Cach mang thang Tam da c6 vu manh me t i n h than dau tranh ciia nhan dan cac nUdc thuoc dia va niifa thuoc dia tren the gidi, nha't la doi vdi hai nUdc Lao, Cam-pu-chia * Nguyen nhan thang Igi: T h i n g IcJi Cach mang thang Tam 1945 la k§'t qua t6'ng hcfp cua nhCfng nhan to khach quan va chii quan - Ve khach quan: + Cuoc Chien tranh the gidi Ian thuf hai cua bon de quoc da lam cho chung cang them suy yeu Tiep la cuoc chien dau cua nhan dan Lien X6 va lUc lugng dan chu da tCfng budc lam that bai lUc luong phat x i t DiJc - I-ta-li-a - Nhat Ban Tat ca da tac dong den qua t r i n h each mang the gidi, thuc da'y cac dan toe thuoc dia dau tranh giai phong + Nhan dan Viet Nam, dudi su lanh dao ciia Dang Cong san Dong Duong, da Icfi dung dieu kien khach quan thuan Icri dd day len mot phong trao da'u tranh giai phong dan toe Den k h i lUc lucfng Dong minh va Lien X6 danh bai phat x i t Nhat d chau A - Thai Binh Ducfng vao 14-8-1945 da tao nen thdi ca khach quan cho Cach mang thang Tam thSng l o i Do la thdi ca "ngan nam c6 mot" dugc Dang ta t r i e t de lai dung, kip thdi ehdp lay, phat dong toan dan noi day khdi nghia, va da gianh dudc t h i n g \gi mau le i t mau Tuy nhien, dieu kien khach quan dd chi c6 the dUdc phdt huy thong qua dieu kien chu quan ciia ta - Ve chu quan: j + Dan toe ta von eo truyen thong yeu nUdc nong ftan, timg t r a i qua nhCfng cuoc da'u tranh kien cUdng, bat khuat cho doc lap, tU V i vay, k h i D i n g Cong san Dong Ducfng va Viet M i n h phat cao ngon cd cdu nUdc t h i moi ngudi hang hai hudng ang, nhat te dufng len cdu nUdc, cdu nha -I- Dang Cong san Dong Ducfng, ddng dau la Chu tich Ho Chi M i n h da lanh dao vdi dudng Idi each mang dung din kip thdi Vai tro lanh dao eiia Dang la nguyen nhan quyet dinh t h i n g lai Cach mang thang Tam 1945 150 • + T h i n g lai cua Cach mang thang Tam c6n la t h i n g lai cua vi§c xfiy dUng ^ c iLfang each mang, trudc tien la lUc luang chinh t r i cua q u i n chiing Tren co sd lUc Itrang chinh t r i , tCrng bude xay dUng luc luang vu trang D6 la hai life lUOng hiing hau duae Dang sOr dung hap ly n h i m phat huy siJc manh to Idn vao cuoc da'u tranh giai phong dan toe * Bai hoc kinh nghiein: - Biet giai quyet dung d i n moi quan he giufa hai nhiem vu chd'ng d&' quoc va chd'ng phong kien, tap hap moi lue luang Mat t r a n thong nhat rong r a i dUa tr^n ca sd cong nong lien minh - BiS't t r i e t de Igi dung mau t h u i n hang ngu dich, tap trung mui nhon vao kS thij cu the trUdc m i t - Biet thau sudt tu tudng bao lue each mang, ket hgp dau tranh vu trang vdi da'u tranh chinh tri, ket hgp khdi nghia vu trang d nong thon va t h i d l gianh chinh quyen - Biet tich cue chuan bi lau dai ket hgp vdi ehdp thdi ca, dung c i m phat dong toan dan khdi nghia gianh chinh quyen C&u 3: H a y n e u s\i k i ^ n c h i n h c u a C h i e n t r a n h the gidi thiif h a i tiC t h a n g n a m 1939 den t h a n g n a m 1941 v a tac dpng c u a no doi vdi e a c h m a n g Vi^t Nam thofi gian do? - Ngay - - 1939, Ddc xam chiem Ba Lan; 3-9-1939, Anh va Phap tuyen chi6'n vdi DuTc Chien tranh the gidi thil hai bung no DLTC nhanh chong danh chien, cac nudc Tay Au hau nhu khong bi ton that gi dang ke T h i n g - 1940, DuTc d i n h chiem nudc Phap Cudi nam 1940 dau nam 1941, DOfc md rong danh chiem cac nUde D6ng va Nam Au, vung ban dao Ban-Cfing Thang - 1941, phat x i t DiJfc tan c6ng Lien X6 lam cho tinh cha't va cue dien chien tranh thay.doi - d Vien Dong, quan Nhat md rong chien tranh xam lugc Trung Quoc Thang 9- 1940, phat xit Nhat nhay vao Dong Duang, timg budc bien DongDuang ' qSn cd chien tranh va thuoc dia cua chung - Sau Chien tranh the gidi thuf hai bung no, thUe dan Phap d Dong Duang da t h i hanh chinh sach thdi chien, phat xit hda bo may thong t r i , t h i n g tay dan ap Dang Cong san Dong Duang va phong trao each mang cua nhan dan ta, thUc hien chinh sach "kinh te chi huy", va vet eua cai, huy dong siifc ngUdi phuc vu cho chien tranh de quoc - K h i N h a t vao Dong DUdng, thuc dan Phap da nhanh chdng cau ket vdi Nhat • ^ n ap, hoc lot nhan dan Dong Duang Mau thuan giffa cae dan tgc Dong Ddang vdi de qude va phat xit Phap - Nhat la mau thuan ehu yeu, gay g i t nhat Van de giai phong cac dan toe Dong Duang khdi aeh ap bufc, hoc lot cua Phap - Nh$t dugc dat len hang dau va cap thiet Cau 4: P h a n tich npi dung cof ban c i i a b a n T u y e n ngdn D p c l^p (02 - 1945) ciia C h u tich H C h i M i n h ? - Ngay - - 1945, tai Quang trUdng Ba D i n h (Ha Noi), trUdc cuoc m i t tinh Idn cua hang chuc van nhan dan du cac tang Idp d Thu va cac vung lan can, Chu tich Ho Chi M i n h thay mat Chinh phu lam thdi trinh dpc Tuy§n ngon Bgc lap, tuyen bd vdi toan the qude dan va the gidi: Nudc Viet Nam Dan chu C^ng hoa ddi I 151: - N6i dung cua ban: "Tuyen ngon Doc lap" g6m ma'y di^m sau day: + Neu nhufng quyen thieng lieng khong c6 thg' xam pham difcJc, d6 1^ quyin binh d&ng giOra cdc dan toe: "Tat ea moi ngirdi deu sinh c6 quy^n binh ding Tao hoa eho ho nhCTng quyen khong c6 the xam pham dirac; nhCfng quyen a'y, c6 quyen ducJc so'ng, quyen duoe tiT quyen miJU eau hanh phue" + To c^o toi Ac eua thUe dan Phdp doi vdi nhan dan ta gan mot the ki, d6ng thdi t6' cAo sif eau ket, dp biJc b6e lot cua Phdp - Nhalt doi vdi nhSn d&n ta + Khing dinh chu quyin cua nudc ta tren hai phifcrng dien; phap li va thuc tien "Mot dan toe da gan g6e ehong Ach no le eua Phdp hcfn 80 nam, mot dan toe da gan g6c diJng ve phia Dong minh ehong Phdt xit may nam n^y, dan toe phai dirge tif do, dan toe d6 phai eiia doc lap ! va sir that da mot nirdc tu do, d6c lap" + Cua'i cung Tuyen ngon kh^ng dinh quyet tarn Mo vg d6c lap chu quySn cua nhan dan ta: "Toan the dan toe Viet Nam quyet dem ta't ca tinh than va liTc lircfng, tinh mang va eua eai de giif vOfng quyen tif do, doe lap a'y" - Tuygn ngon Doc lap la van kien lieh sijf dai, va - - 1945 mai mai ghi vao lich sijf Viet Nam la hoi IcJn, ve vang cua dan toe Viet Nam Ngay tuyen bo lap nirofe Viet Nam Dan chu Cong hoa Cau 5: Vai tro cac Nghi quyet quan ciia Dang dfi'i vdfi svt phat trien ciia each mang Vi§t Nam thoTi ki 1939 - 1945? Nghj quy6't NSi dung nghi quyg't Tac dung cua NQ Nghj quy§'t HOi nghj Trung irong (11-1939) - Giai phong dan tQC la nhi^m vy hang dau Danh dau su chuy^n hudng dung d^n ve chi dao chi§'n lupc each m^ng, giudng cao ngpn cd giai phong dSn tOc • Nghj quyet Hoi nghi Trung uong lan thi/ (5 -1941) - Thanh l§p Mat tr$n DSn tOc thS'ng nhat phan dg' DCing Dutlng - Chlj trUdng vu trang khcii nghTa - Giaong cao hon nOa ngpn cd giai phong dan tpc vi§c danh Phap - Nhat - Thanh lap Mat trgn Vi?t Minh Hoan chinh vi§c chuyen hJcing chi d$o chi§'n li/pc dupe de Hpi nghj Trung lidng lln thif - VO trang khSi nghTa la nhi^m vy cija toan Dang, toan dan ta Chi thi "Nh?t - PhSp bSn va hSnh dOng cua Chung ta" (12 - - 1945) Nghj quyet Hpi nghi toan qu6'c cua Ding tgi T5n Trao (13 - -1945) 15.3 - Phat dOng Cao trao khang Nh3t ciru nude lam tien dg cho Tdng khdi nghTa thang Tam Tgo tien 66 cho Tong khdi nghTa thang Tam 1945 - Thay khau hi?u "Danh dudi phat xit Phap - Nhat" b§ng khau hieu "Danh du6'i phat xit Nhat" - Quyet djnh phat dpng Tong khdi nghTa, gianh chinh quyIn trudc Dong minh vao D6ng Duong - L§p Uy ban khdi nghTa va QuSn lenh s6'1 Lanh dgo kip thdi, ndm vQng thdi CO li;c iirpng dupe chuS'n bi cho thang Ipi cija each mgng thang Tam [, CAU H6I TRIC NGHIEM Su Dau nam 1945, the tr^n ciia Chien tranh the gidi thuT hai d chSu d i i n nhvt the nao? A Hong quan Lien X6 ddnh bai quan doi phat xit Dilc giai ph6ng da't nude B Hong quan Lien X6 tien ddnh Bec-lin, huyet cuoi cting eua phat xit Diife C Quan Dong minh ddnh bai hoan toan phe phat xit D Quan Dong minh danh bai hoan toan phat xit Dilc, I-ta-li-a Cau Vi d6n d^u n a m 1945, liic liitfng Phap theo phai Dof Gon rao rife't chuan bi hoat dpng, chd tht/i cd phan cong Nhat? A Phat xit Nhat or chau A - Thai Binh Duong bi Dong minh gidng cho mot d6n nang ne B Phap thay khong the hoa hoan vdi Nhat duge nOa phai hanh dpng C Nhat tiep tuc buoc Phdp nhugng bo d Dong Duong D Ta't ca cac li trgn Cau 3, Vi Nhat tien hanh dao chinh l^t Phap vao dem 9-3-1945? A Nhat dang khon don trudc cac don tan cong don dap ciia Anh - Mi B Phe phat xit dang thua to C De tranh hau hoa Dong minh vao Dong Duang Phdp se dua vao Dong minh hat c i n g Nhat D Nude Phap da dugc giai phong c a u Ngay d e m 9-3-1945, Nh^t dao chinh Phap, Ban Thufofng vu Trung vCdng Dang hop va nhan dinh tinh hinh nhvC the nao? A Cuoc dao chinh Nhat - Phdp gay mot cUoc khung hoang chinh tri doi vdi Nhat, lam cho tinh the cdch mang xua't hien B " Nhat - Phap ban va hanh dong ciia chung ta" C Phap se sure ehong lai Nhat D Ta't ca deu dung Cau Khau hi$u 'Danh duoi Nhat - Phap" dutdc thay bSng khau hi?u "Danh duoi phat xit Nhat" difcfc neu trong: A Hoi nghi Ban chap hanh Trung UOng Dang (9-3-1945) B Chi thi "Nhat - Phdp ban va hanh dong cua chung ta" C Hoi nghi toan quoc cua Dang (ti^lS den 15-8-1945) D Dai hoi Quoc dan Tan Trao c a u d dia phiiofng nao dpi Vi^t Nam tuyen truyen giai phong quan va Cihi qud'c quan phoi htfp vdfi \\ic IrfoTng chinh tri pua qu^n chiing giai phong hang loat xa, chau, huypn Nh^t dao chinh Phap? A Cao BKng, Bic Can, Tuyen Quang B Cao Bang, Ha Giang, Thai Nguyen C Cao B^ng, B^c Can, Lang Son D Ha Tinh, Quang Ngai, Quang Nam Au Chi thi "Nh^t - Phap b^n va hanh dpng cua chiing ta" la cua: A Tdng bp Viet Minh B Ho Chi Minh C Ban ThUdng vu Trung UOng Dang D Doi Viet Nam truyen truyen giai phong quan 153 C S u S a u k h i N h a t d a o c h i n h P h a p , k e t h u c h i n h c u t h e t r r f d c m ^ t v a d u y n h a t c u a n h a n d a n D o n g Difofng l u c n a y l a : A T h u c d a n Phap B Phat x i t N h a t C P h a t x i t P h ^ p - N h a t D P h t x i t N h a t cau d o n g m i n h ciia Nhkt C h i t h i " N h a t - P h a p b ^ n n h a u v a h a u h d p n g c i i a c h u n g t a " c n $ i dung cd b a n l a g i ? quan den Tong khdi nghia thang T a m d Vipt Nam? A P h a t x i t N h a t b i ' D o n g m i n h d d n h b a i cau D K h d i n g h i a g i a n h c h i n h q u y e n Cau 10 C a o t r a o k h a n g N h ^ t cufu nxidc d i e n r a t r o n g k h o a n g thtri g i a n n a o ? A T i r 9-3-1945 d e n 13-8-1945 B Til 9-3-1945 d e n 30-8-1945 C TCf 9-3-1945 d e n 2-9-1945 D T i r l - - d e n 2-9-1945 1 N g a y - - 1945 d i l n r a s\i k i ^ n g i c l i e n q u a n d e n v i ^ c t i e n tdri T o n g khofi n g h i a t h a n g T a m ? A T r u n g nang D a n g va T o n g bo V i e t m i n h t h ^ n h lap U y b a n k h d i n g h i a t o ^ n qu6'c B B a n Thucfng vu T r u n g Udng D a n g t r i e u tap H o i n g h i Quan sU c^ch m a n g Bdc K i C V i e t N a m Cufu quoc quan va V i e t N a m t u y e n t r u y e n g i a i p h n g q u a n t h o n g n h a t t h a n h Viet N a m giai ph6ng quan 12 N g a y 15 - - 1945 d i § n r a sxi k i ^ n g i c l i e n q u a n d e n v i $ c tig'n tdri T o n g khoTi n g h i a t h a n g T a r n ? A H o n g quan L i e n Xo t i e u d i e t d o i q u a n Q u a n D o n g ciia N h a t d D o n g Bac T r u n g Quoc B B a n T h u d n g vu T r u n g aang D a n g t r i e u tap H o i n g h i Quan s i i each m a n g B^c K i C V i e t N a m Cufu quoc quan va V i e t N a m t u y e n t r u y e n g i a i p h n g q u a n t h o n g n h a t t h a n h Viet N a m giai phong quan 13 T h e o c h i t h i c u a H o C h i M i n h , k h u g i a i p h o n g Vi§t Bfic c h i n h thu'c dvCdc t h a n h l a p v a o thofi g i a n n a o ? A N g a y 16 - - 1945 B N g a y 20 - - 1945 C N g a y 15 - - 1945 D N g a y - - 1945 B Phat x i t N h a t r u t k h d i chau A - T h a i B i n h DUdng C Phat x i t N h a t b i D o n g m i n h d a n h b a i va t u y e n b d d a u hang D o n g m i n h k h o n g dieu k i e n D T a t ca cac sir k i e n tr§n cau 19 N g a y 15 - - 1945 d a g h i d a u a'n t r o n g C U Q C C h i e n t r a n h t h e g i d i thuf h a i , d o l a : A Phat x i t N h a t b i D o n g m i n h d a n h b a i C M l t h a h a i qua b o m n g u y e n t d x u d n g H i - r o - s i - m a v a N a - g a - n a - k i N h a t D H o n g quan L i e n X6 tan cong vao t a n huyet Bec-lin, d a n h b a i p h a t x i t Ddc C a u 19 Su" k i p n n a o dtfdc g h i da'u l a t h d i c d k h a c h q u a n t h u a n I d i d e C a c h m a n g t h a n g T a m g i a n h dxidc t h S n g I d i n h a n h c h o n g v a it d o m a u ? A Q u a n N h a t d D o n g D u a n g r e u r a C h i n h p h u T r a n T r o n g K i m c i j n g t a y sai cua N h a t h o a n g m a n g B N h a t dao c h i n h P h a p , l a m cho each m a n g V i e t N a m c h i m o t ke thCi 14 T h a n g - , H o C h i M i n h roti c a n ciif n a o v e dau D M l t h a h a i qua b o m n g u y e n tuf x u d n g H i - r o - s i - m a v a N a - g a - d a - k i t i e u d i e t phat xit Nhat cau 20, P h a t x i t N h a t d^u h a n g t h i q u a n N h a t d D o n g DvTdng c u n g b i te li$t, c h i n h p h u t a y s a i t h a n N h a t - T r ^ n T r o n g K i m h o a n g m a n g cxic de c h i dao p h o n g t r a o e a c h m a n g t r o n g c a nifofc? B RtJi T a n T r a o ( T u y e n Q u a n g ) ve H a N o i A P h a t x i t Dufc b i D o n g m i n h d a n h b a i C N h a t I a n ItfOt k h d i k h u vUc chau A - T h a i B i n h D u o n g D K h u g i a i p h o n g Vi§t BSc c h i n h thufc dugc t h a n h l a p A R d i V i e t Bfic ve T&n T r a o ( T u y e n Quang) 18 C h i e n t r a n h t h e g i d i I a n thu" h a i ke't t h u c g&n v d i stf k i p n l i c h sut n a o dtfdi day: B C h i n h p h u N h a t h o a n g t u y e n b d dau h a n g D o n g m i n h k h o n g d i l u k i $ n D K h u g i a i p h o n g V i e t Bi.c c h i n h thufc dugc t h ^ n h l a p cau D D o n g D a n g ( L a n g Son), 17- N g a y - - 1945 d i l n r a stf k i p n l i c h svC g i c u a t h e ' g i d i c l i § n cau D Phat x i t N h a t dau h a n g D o n g m i n h k h o n g d i e u k i e n C P h a t d o n g m o t cao t r a o " k h ^ n g N h a t cijfu nifdc" cau B Vigt T r i (Phii Tho) C N a R i (B^c C a n ) C P h a t x i t Dure b i D o n g m i n h d a n h b a i d B e c - l i n B Keu goi d i l n g day k h d i nghia cau A T a n T r ^ o (TuySn Q u a n g ) B H o n g quan L i e n X6 d d n h b a i quan Quan D o n g cua Nhat d D o n g B^c T r u n g Quoc A K e u goi sijfa soan k h d i n g h l a cau jau 16 D i a d a n h n a o dvtdc c h p n l a m T h u d K h u g i a i p h o n g V i Đ t B l i c ? ã ^ Day dp la thdi c d n g a n n a m c6 mpt cho n h a n d a n ta gianh dpc l^p Do la hoan c a n h v6 c u n g t h u a n Idi cho v i ^ c : A H d d n g lifng c h i t h i " N h a t - P h a p b ^ n n h a u v a h a n h d o n g cua c h u n g t a " B P h a k h o thdc N h a t g i a i quyet n a n d o i C R d i BSC Po (Cao R a n g ) ve T a n T r a o ( T u y e n Quang) C Cao t r a o k h a n g N h a t cijfu nddc D R d i Bac Po (Cao b a n g ) ve c h i e n k h u V i e t Bdc D D a n g t a d d n g dau l a C h u t i c h H o C h i M i n h k i p t h d i phAt l e n h T o n g k h d i cau 15 K h u g i a i p h o n g V i ^ t B a c r a dofi g o m h a u h e t c a c t i n h n a o ? A Cao B a n g , Bdc C a n , L a n g Son, Bdc G i a n g , P h u T h o B Cao B a n g , Bac C a n , T h a i N g u y e n , T u y e n Q u a n g , H a G i a n g n g h i a t r o n g ca nUdc Cau T h a n g 8-1945, d i ^ u k i ^ n k h a c h q u a n rat « h o n h a n dan t h u a n Idi, tao thdi c d ta v u n g l e n g i a n h l a i dpc lap, l a : C L a n g Son, Bac G i a n g , T u y e n Q u a n g , H a G i a n g , P h u T h o , Y e n B d i A S u t h a t b a i cua phe p h a t x i t d c h i e n t r u d n g c h a u A u D Cao B a n g , Bac C a n , L a n g Son, H a G i a n g , T u y e n Q u a n g , T h a i N g u y e n B Sir d a u h a n g cua phat x i t I - t a - l i - a va phat x i t Dufc 154 L ^ C Su tan cua phiit x i t Dijfc vk sif dau h^ng v6 d i l u kign cua phdt x i t N M t D Su thdng \gi ciia phe Dong m i n h C a u 22 Ngay tuf 13 - - 1945, k h i nh|ln drftfc t i n h a n g T r i m g xidng D a n g v a T o n g bp V i ? t M i n h d a : vipc N h a t ddu A Trieu tap Hoi nghi toan quoc de phdt lenh tong khdi nghia B Trieu tap Dai hoi Quoc dan tai Tan Tr^o (Tuyen Quang) de ban ke hoach tong khdi nghia C Phat dong quan chung chdp th&i ca tong k h d i nghia D Thanh lap Uy ban k h d i nghia toan quoc C&u 23 H p i nghi toan quoc c u a D a n g C p n g s a n D d n g Dtfofng hpp vao thori g i a n nao? d d a u ? A Tir 13 den 15 - - 1945 BSc P6 (Cao B&ng) B Tii 14 den 15 - - 1945 d T&n Tr^o (Tuyen Quang) giai p h o n g q u a n V6 Nguyen G i a p c h i buy, x u a t p h a t tiif T a n T r a o ve giai p h o n g t i n h nao? A Giai phong t h i xa Cao B&ng B Giai phdng t h i xa Thai Nguyen C Giai phong t h i xa Tuyen Quang D Giai phong t h i xa Lao Cai cau 29 B o n tinh gianh dufpc c h i n h quyen d tinh li vao 18 - - 1945 l a : A Ha Noi, Bac Giang, Hue, Sai G6n B Bac Giang, Hai DUdng, Ha T i n h , Quang Nam C Bac Giang, Hai DMng, Ha Noi, Hug" D Ha Noi, Sai Gon, Ha T i n h , Quang Nam c a u 30 Ngay 14 - - 1945, k h d i n g h i a g i a n h c h i n h q u y e n d t i n h l i nao? A Quang Ngai B Quang Nam C Khanh Hoa D Phu Yen c a u 31 Stf k i p n nao dtfdi day gSn vdi k h d i n g h i a d H a Npi? C Tif ngky 14 den 15 - - 1945 d B&c P6 (Cao Bang) A Hang chuc van nhan dan noi xuong dudng bieu difcfng lire lugng D TCr 16 den 17 - - 1945 Phay KhSt (Cao Bang) B Hang chuc van nhan dan noi ngoai keo vao bieu t i n h , t h i uy chiem c a u 24 H p i nghi toan quoc c u a D a n g da quyet d i n h v a n d^ gi? cac cong sd A K h d i nghia gianh chinh quyen ca ntidc C K h d i nghia no va gianh dxiac th^ng Icfi m6t B Tong khdi nghia gianh chinh quyen ca nudc D Cau A va B dung C K h d i nghia gianh chinh quyen d Ha Noi, Hu§', S a i G6n D T6'ng khdi nghia ca nUdc, gi&nh iS'y chinh quyen trtfdc k h i qu^n Dong m i n h vao c a u 25 Q u y e t d i n h T o n g k h d i n g h i a c a nxidc, g i a n h c h i n h quyen trridfc k h i D o n g m i n h vao V i e t Nam Do l a npi d u n g the h i e n Nghi quyet nao c u a D a n g ? A N g h i quyet Hoi nghi Trung ufcfng Dang Ian thijf B N g h i quyet cua Dang tai Hoi nghi toan quoc (14 den 15-8-1945) C N g h i quyet cua Dai hoi Quoc dan T&n Trko D Nghi quyet ciia Ban thifdng vu Trung tfOng Dang hop dem 9-3-1945 C a u 26 D a i hpi Quoc d a n dufofc tien h a n h ot T a n T r a o (ngay 16-8-945) gom nhffng d a i b i e u thupc c a c t h a n h p h a n nao? A Ba xtf thuoc du cac gidi, cac doan the, cac dfin toe tieu bieu y chi va nguyen vong cua toan dan B Toan the cac tang Idp nhan dan C Giai ca'p tieu ta san, hoc sinh, sinh vien, t r i thiifc ca nufdc D Cac dang phai doan the to chiJc mat tran ca nUdc C a u 27 C a c d a i b i e u d e u nhS't t r i tan t h a n h quyet d i n h T o n g k h d i n g h i a , thong q u a 10 sAc l ^ n h ciia V i ? t M i n h , l a p U y B a n d a n tpc giai phong Vipt N a m (tiifc chinh phu lam thcfi) C h u tich H C h i Minh duCng dau, l a quyet dinh ciia: A Hoi nghi toan quoc cua Dang hop d Tan Tr^o (15-8-1945) B Dai hoi quoc dan d Tan Trao (16-8-1945) C Dai hoi Dang Ian thuf I d Ma Cao (Trung Quoc) nam 1935 D H6i nghi Quan sif B^c K i (4-1945) 156 Chu 28 C h i ^ u 16-8-1945 theo l ^ n h c i i a U y b a n k h d i n g h i a , mpt dpi c a u 32 C a c doTn v i " X u n g phong cong d o a n " , " T h a n h ni^n t i e n p h o n g " g^n vdi cupc k h d i n g h i a d dau? A K h d i nghia d Ha Noi B K h d i nghia d Hue C K h d i nghia d Sai Gon D Khdi nghia d Da NSng c a u 33 Phiiofng phap da'u tranh ccf ban C a c h mang thang T a m 1945 la gi? A Dau t r a n h vu trang C Dau tranh chinh t r i B Dau t r a n h bao lire D Dau tranh ngoai giao c a u 34 " G i d quyet d i n h cho v a n mpnh dan tpc ta d a d§'n, toan quoc d6ng bao h a y d\ing day dem siifc ta m a ttf giai p h o n g cho t a " Do l a Idi k e u gpi c u a ? A Hoi nghi toan quoc cua Dang hop d Tan Trao (15-8-1945) B Quan lenh so keu goi toan quoc noi day k h d i nghia C Dai hoi Quoc dan d Tan Trao (16-8-1945) D Thir Ho Chi M i n h gLfi dong bao ca nUdc keu goi noi day tong k h d i nghia gianh chinh quyen Cau 35 " D o n g bao r a m r a p keo tdi Q u a n g trvTdng N h a h a t Idn di^ mit tinh Mat t r a n Vipt M i n h to chulc D a i b i e u Vipt M i n h dpc i u y e n ngdn, chtfdng t r i n h c u a Vipt M i n h v a k e u gpi nhan dan g i a n h c h i n h q u y S n hat T i e n q u a n c a I a n d^u tien v a n g l e n " Day l a k h o n g k h i tH cupc >nit t i n h c h u y e n t h a n h k h d i n g h i a g i a n h c h i n h q u y e n d: A Ha Noi (19-8-1945) B Hue (23-8-1945) C Sai Gon (25-8-1945) D B^c Giang, H a i Dircfng (18-8-1945) ChUatng C S u 36 T o n g k h d i n g h i a d a n h a n h c h o n g t h a n h c n g t r o n g cik nvCdc, c h i t r o n g v o n g 15 n g a y : A TO n g a y 13 den 27-8-1945 B TCr n g ^ y 14 d e n - - C T i r 15 d e n 29-8-1945 D T i r n g a y 16 d e n 30-8-1945 "Phdp cdc xieng Idp Ddn cgng chay Nhcit xich thUc ta ddnh ddu hang, ddn gdn 100 ndm thodi vi Nhdn de xdy dUng nen dan ta dd ddnh nUdc Viet Nam che qudn chu may micai the ki md lap nen che ddn d6 ddc chu hda" A 19-8-1945 cau Vua Bdo Dai B 23-8-1945 C 30-8-1945 1945 D E N NAM 1954 H6I T U L U A N a u 1: T a i s a c n o i N h a nvTdc V i § t N a m D a n chu Cpng hoa la Nha nifotc ' a dan, d o d a n v a v i d a n ? - N e u nhcrng d o n g gop eiia n h a n d ^ n d o i v d i e h i n h q u y e n N h a nifiJc Vi§t N a m D a n c h i i C o n g hna: + T h a m gia t o n g t u y e n ciif bau Quoc h o i vao - - 1946, v d i h o n % cCi t r i D 2-9-1945 N g u y e n n h a n cd b a n q u y e t d i n h srf t h d n g l ^ i c u a C a c h mang t h a n g Tarn la gi? A D f i n toe V i e t N a m v o n c6 t r u y e n t h o n g yeu niJdc, d a d a u t r a n h k i S n ci/dng ba't k h u a t t r o n g ca nirdc; t h a m gia b a u cif H o i d o n g n h a n d a n cdc cap theo t h e le t h o n g dAu p h i e u + T h a m gia g i a i q u y e t n a n d i b a n g viec thiTc h i e n "HQ gao tig't k i m " , "Ng^y d o n g t a m " ; dac b i e t t h a m gia lao d o n g san x u a t , thiTc h i e n k h a u h i e u : " K h o n g m o t tac d a t bo h o a n g !", "Tac d a t ta'c v a n g !" B k h o i l i e n m i n h cong n n g vOng ch^c, t a p h o p dUOc m o i lUc l u o n g yeu nUdc t r o n g m o i m a t t r a n t h o n g n h a t + T h a m gia xoa n a n m i i chCf b a n g p h o n g t r a o h a n h d a n hoc v u ; t h a m gia u n g ho C h i n h p h i i v d i k h a u h i e u " T u a n l i v a n g " , " Q u i doc l a p " C Sir l a n h dao t a i t i n h ciia D a n g dufng d a u l a C h u t i c h H o C h i M i n h - TiT nhOmg sir k i e n t r e n , h i r d n g d a n hoc s i n h r u t r a k e t l u a n : D C6 h o a n c a n h t h u a n l o i ciia C h i e n t r a n h t h e g i d i thuT 2: H o n g q u a n L i e n Xo + C h i n h q u y e n Nhk C a u Cof sef p h a p l i v e q u y e n t i ^ do, d p c l a p c u a d a n t p c V i ^ t + N h a n dan c6 y thilc, t r a c h n h i e m xay diTng va bao ve c h i n h quyen cua m i n h Nam c a u 2: Y n g h i a c u a n h u i n g k e t q u a d a t dtfdc t r o n g v i $ c g i a i quy#'t n a n driofc t h e h i ^ n n h u : t h e n a o t r o n g T u y d n n g o n D p c l|ip? doi, n a n dot, v a k h o k h S n ve t a i c h i n h ? A NifcJc V i e t N a m t h a t sir t r d t h a n h m o t niTdc tiT do, d o c l a p - N a n d i : San x u a t n o n g n g h i e p n h a n h c h d n g diTOc k h o i phuc, n&ng sud't lao B Nirdc V i e t N a m c6 q u y i n hiTdng t i r va d6c l a p C T o a n t h e d a n toe V i e t N a m quyet d e m t i n h t h i n v a liTc lufdng, t i n h m a n g dong t a n g l e n N a n d o i dirge day l u i - N a n d o t : D a u t h a n g - 1946, Bac B6 va Bic T r u n g Bo c6 v a n I d p hoc v d i v a e u a eai de giCr vtJng q u y e n tiT do, doc l a p ay 81 v a n hoc v i e n T r i r d n g t i e u hoc, t r u n g hoc p h d t t r i e n m a n h N o i d u n g gido due D Ta't ca deu d u n g 40 C a c h m a n g niTdc d a n b a u r a + C h i n h quyen phuc v u cho n h a n d a n vk q u a n D n g m i n h da d d n h b a i p h d t x i t Dijfc - N h a t cau V I E T N A M TIJ" N A M Bai 20 V I E T NAM S A U C A C H MANG T H A N G T A M CAU C S u N i e n d a i n a o c q u a n h $ trrfc t i e p vdTi c a u v a n s a u d f i y ? III t h a n g T a m n S m 1945 c u a V i ? t N a m c6 anh trijfc t i e p v a to Idtn d e n c a c nvfdc n a o ? huTofng doi mdi t h e o t i n h t h a n d a n toe, d a n chii - K h o k h a n t a i e h i n h : D o n g bao ca nirdc da q u y e n gop dirge 20 t r i e u bac va 370 k g v a n g D e n t h a n g 11 - 1946, Quoc h o i q u y e t d i n h liru h a n h t i e n V i e t N a m A T h d i L a n , Lao B Lao, C a m - p u - c h i a C L^o, C a m - p u - e h i a , I n - d o - n e - x i - a D T r u n g Quoc, A n D o t r o n g ca niTdc - T r e n ca sa t r i n h bay cac sir k i e n t r e n , r u t r a y n g h i a : + T h e h i e n t i n h t h a n y e u nUdc ciia d a n toe t a DAP AN CAU H6I T R X C N G H I B M BAI 19 + T h e h i e n t i n h iru v i e t ciia nirdc V i e t N a m D a n c h u C o n g hoa + T a o r a sde m a n h t o n g h g p de dau t r a n h c h o n g k e t h i i B A C A B C C B C 10 A 11 B 12 C 13 D 14 C ,15 D 16 A Cau 17 B 18 C 19 A 20 D 21 C 22 D 23 B 24 D tien no r a tai N a m B p ? 25 B 26 A 27 B 28 B 29 B 30 X 31 A 32 C 33 A 34 D 35 A 36 B 37 D 38 C 39 B 40 B + L a m eho n h a n d a n t i n t u d n g wko c h i n h q u y e n m d i cua cdch m a n g 3: V i s a o c u o c k h a n g c h i e n c h o n g thrfc d a n P h a p xam IvTtfc trufdc - N g a y - - 1945, P h a p da xa sung b a n vao n h a n d a n S a i Gon - C h g L d n - Dac b i e t , d e m 22 r a n g 23 - - 1945, dugc sir g i u p siifc cua A n h , thirc dan P h p d a n h up t r u sd U y b a n n h a n d a n N a m Bo v a cd q u a n t i r ve t h ^ n h S ^ i G n , m d dau cugc c h i e n t r a n h x a m luge nUde t a l a n thiJ h a i - NhOmg h a n h d o n g ciia thiTc d a n P h a p da t r f i n g t r g n cha dap l e n doc l a p , chii q u y e n cua d a n toe t a m a trirdc h e t l a d u n g d e n d o n g bao N a m Bo N h a n d a n 158 159 Nam B6 da kiSn quyet dijfng len cho'ng tr& nhOrng hanh d6ng xam Itfcfc cua thiTc dfin Phdp Vi vay, cuoc khang chien chS'ng thiTc dan Phdp xay trUdc tien d Nam B6 Cau 4: Sach Itfgtc ciia Dang va Chinh phu doi vdfi P h a p va TvCdng hai thcfi ki tru'cfc va sau - - 1946 c6 gi khac nhau? Tai lai c6 srf khac nhxi vay? - DuTng trudc tinh the mot liic phai doi ph6 vdi nhieu ke thCi, Dang v& Chinh phu ta da sijf dung sach Itfcrc m e m deo de phan hda ke thu Sdch lupc d6 the hi$n sU khdc nhau, la: + TrUdc - - 1946, hoa vdi Tifdng d mien B^c, tap trung I L T C lupng ddnh Ph^p d Nam Bo + Sau - - 1946, hoa vdi Phdp de duoi Tifdng khdi mien BSc - Sa di CO sU klidc vi: + Trade - - 1946, ta nhan nhuong vdi Ttfdng de trdnh cung mot luc phai do'i vdi nhieu ke thu luc lUc lircrng ciia ta non yeu + Sau ta nhan nhuong vdi Tudng de danh Phdp d Nam Bo thi Phdp, Ttfdng ki Hiep udc Hoa - Phap vao 28 - - 1946, theo dd Phdp nhuong cho Tifdng mot so' quyen Icfi d Trung Qudc va chap nhan cho Tifdng van chuyen hang hda tif Hai Phbng sang Hoa Nam, khong phai ddng thug'; c6n Tifdng chap nhan cho Phdp difa quan Bac de cimg vdi Tifdng giai phap phat xit Nhat + Tinh hinh do, dat nhan dan ta trifdc hai difdng phai lifa chon: HoSc cung mot luc danh ca Phap Ian Tifdng; ho&c hoa vdi mot ke thij de ddnh mot ke thij Ta da lifa chon difdng hoa vdi Phap de dung ban tay cua Ph^p duoi Tifdng khdi mien Bac Cau 5: Vi Chinh phu ta ki Hi^p dinh scf bp vdfi Phap? Tac d u n g cua vi§c ki Hi^p dinh scf bo (6-3) va Tam vfdfc (14 - 9) nSm 1946? - Dau tien ta nhan nhifong vdi Tifdng de danh Phap d Nam Bo, nhutig sau dd hai ke thu ciia dan toe ta xich lai gan nhau, cau ket vdi nhau, dSt nhSn dan ta trifdc hai sif lifa chon (xem phan tren), ta da chon giai phap cd lai nha't cho cdch mang, dd la hoa vdi Phap bang each ki Hiep dinh scf bo (6-3-1946) - Tac dung ciia viee ki Hiep dinh scr bo (6 - 3) va Tam ifdc (19 - 4) nSm 1946: + DiJng ban tay ciia Phap day 20 van quan Tudng va bon tay sai khdi mien Bde ma khong ton vien dan nao + Trdnh dugc cuoc chien da'u bat Igi, vi cung mot liic phai cho'ng nhieu ke thu + Tranh thu thdi gian ehuan bi cho cuoc khdng chien lau dai chd'ng thifc dan Phap, ma ta da biet trifdc the nao cung xay ; Cku 6: y i ^ao thiic dan Phap khong thiic hi?n,|dvi'rf