12/A/employment B/ determine C/ encounter D/ obstacle 13/A/ infer B/ certain C/ master D/ access 14/A/ tolerate B/ outnumber C/horrible D/ continent 15/A/particular B/ significant C/sati[r]
(1)PHONETICS I VOWELS (Nguyên âm)
1 [ ] hit, sit, fit, kick, kiss
2 [ ] heat, seat, lead, bee, see, he, she [ ] head, set, get, let, bread, shed, net [ ] bad, sad, man, hand
5 [ ] class, fast, grass [ ] not, got, hot
7 [ ] four, floor, pour, nor, walk [ ] put, book, push
9 [ ] room, soon, noon
10 [ ] but, some, come, hut, cover, color, money, honey, blood, flood 11 [ ] girl, work, word, world, hurt
12 [ ] teacher, worker, traveler, visitor II DIPTHONG ( Nhị trùng âm)
1 [ ] mine, nice, high, rice, by [ ] day, name, came, great
3 [ ] boy, destroy, noise, annoy, enjoy [ ] hear, near, hear, fear
5 [ ] sure, poor
6 [ ] no, so, go, show, only [ ] now, how, out, house [ ] air, hair, chair
9 [ ] tube, suit, new III TRIPTHONG ( Tam trùng âm)
1 [ ] hire, fire [ ] hour, our IV SILENT CONSONANTS :
1 Silent [h] : hour, honor, honest, heir
2 Silent [t] : listen, often, whistle, mustn’t, castle Silent [b] : comb, bomb, debt, thumb, climb Silent [s] : isle, island, aisle
5 Silent [k] : know, knife, knight, knot, knee, kneel V PRONUNCIATIONS OF “V-ED”
V-ED : có cách phát âm
1 [Id] : đứng sau từ có âm tận [t,d] (t d) EX: wanted, needed, collected , divided, decided
2 [t] đứng sau từ có âm tận là: [ s, p, k,f , , ] ( s, x, p, k, c, f , gh ,sh ,ch) EX : watched, ploughed, laughed, washed
3 [d] Những trường hợp lạI EX : studied, carried, tried, played
(2)VI PRONUNCIATIONS of “ NOUNS/ VERBS +S/ES’’ [IZ] Các từ số âm tận [ , , , , ]
(s, x , sh, ch ,ge.ce,z)
EX: watches, washes, classes, taxes, voices, buzzes, languages, villages [S] Các từ số âm tận [f,k,p,t, ] ( f, gh, ph, k, c, p, t, th ) EX: stops, laughs, books, streets, physics, maps, photographs, works [Z] Các trường hợp lại
EX : rooms, plays, carries, tries VII
1 TH [ ] this, that, these, those, the, them, their, father, brother, weather, either, neither, bathe, breathe
[ ] thank, think, thing, thin, sixth, theory SH [ ] she, show, shine, English, rush, wash S [ ] sugar, sure
4 CH [ ] church, change, chicken, watch, chain, March, match [ ] machine, chef, parachute, champagne
[ k ] school, mechanic, scholar, scholarship, chemist, chemistry, architect, ache,
archaic, backache, stomach, echo, chaos, chaotic, character, psychology G [ g ] go ,get, gun, game, girl
[ ] gesture, gentle, germ, geography, geology, giant, gist, general, stage, page,
change,village, luggage, language
6 C +E / I / Y [ s ] city, cell, cease, bicycle, circus, ceiling, cyclo, voice, rice, place, sentence
C +the rest [ k ] can, cat, coin, coat, contain, class GH [ f ] laugh, cough, rough, enough
[ ] thought, through, plough
8 tion [ ] nation, illustration, separation, education [ ] question
9 wh [ w ] why, where, when, which, whether [ h ] who, whom, whose
10 [ju: ] new, knew 10.breathe (v) / breath (n)
bathe (v) / bath (n) south (n) /southern (adj)
(3)STRESS (Trọng âm)
1 Những từ có hai vần vừa danh từ( tính từ) vừa động từ : danh từ ( tính từ) nhấn vần đầu, động từ nhấn vần thứ hai
Nouns / Adjectives accent conduct contrast import insult present rebel refuse survey prospect Verbs accent conduct contrast import insult present rebel refuse survey prospect
Nouns / Adjectives dictate export frequent increase object produce record subject torment intern Verbs dictate export frequent increase object produce record subject torment intern 2.Word Stress
A/ Prefixes ( tiền tố) Suffixes ( hậu tố) : không nhận dấu nhấn EX:unhappy, hopelessness, development, unhealthy, incomplete
B / Những từ tận cùng: -ADE, -EE, -ESE, EER, -OO, -ETTE,-ESQUE: nhấn vần cuối
EX: bamboo, shampoo, refugee, cigarette, charade, persuade, agree, Chinese, Career, volunteer, taboo,monsoon, kitchenette, picturesque, stauesque C/ Những từ tận : -IC, ION, IAL, -UAL, -IAN, -IAR, -ULAR, -IENCE, -IENCY, -IENT, -IANCE, -IUM, -IOUS, -EOUS, -UOUS…nhấn trước chúng EX: atomic, description, commercial, intellectual, musician, familiar, impatience, Economic, education, companion, mechanic, colonial, continual, Asia,
bacteria, efficient, efficency, opium, stadium, gymnasium, delicious, disadvantageous, continuous, ambiguous
D/ Những từ có vần trở lên tận bằng: -OUS, -ATE, -TUDE, -ITY, ETY, -ICAL, -LOFY,-GRAPHY, -METRY, -NOMY nhấn vần “thứ ba” từ sau trước
EX: activity, exaggerate, latitude, capacity, astronomical, geology,
Geography, astronomy, autonomous, educate, celebrate, illustrate,longitude Variety, community,political, mechanical
EXCEPTION
Dấu nhấn vần “thứ hai” : canal, cigar, finance, manure, marine, mature, patrol Police, possess, romance
NOTES: -logy(n) logical (adj)
EX: psychology, technology, geology -nomy (n) - nomical (adj)
Ex economy, astronomy
EXERCISES
I- Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest :
1 a mention b option c federation d question
(4)3 a climate b comprise c notice d divide
4 a house b happen c hair d honor
5 a took b look c blood d, good
6 a almost b not c gold d post
7 a catalogue b past c cast d class
8 a issue b divide c library d dictation
9 a read b ready c reach d teach
10 a city b my c sky d cry
11 a fashion b elephan c champagne d casual 12- a cotton b colorful c comfort d compass 13- a uniform b ticket c tide d inspiration
14- a want b wall c walk d label
15- a hack b habitual c habit d hag
16- a economic b equal c ethic d evening
17- a chair b champagne c children d church
18- a depend b design c deposit d desk
19- a bear b tear c heart d pear
20- a put b luck c subject d publish
21- a mountain b found c ground d double
22- a thing b hiking c climbing d sight
23- a bought b plough c brought d course
24- a relax b blanket c hamburger d pagoda
25- a grocery b locate c local d long
1- a experience b except c excellent d exchange
2- a union b unit c until d university
3- a campus b relax c locate d fashion
4- a qualify b baggy c grocery d scenery
5- a cried b published c ordered d sprayed
6- a labour b label c land d favourite
7- a remote b relax c reputation d respond 8- a comprise b comment c communicate d compulsory
9- a sure b purpose c surf d further
10- a minority b deny c costly d widely
11- a interested b fighting c library d find
12- a november b movie c notion d notice
13- a gratitude b discover c wild d building
14- a almost b hot c gold d post
15- a title b little c middle d children
16- a referee b see c goalkeeper d cheer
17- a garbage b mass c trash d flat
18- a popular b population c forest d melody
19- a seat b seaside c search d seaport
20- a random b machine c ramo d rap
21- a environment b webside c widely d live
22- a dump b thumb c bulb d full
(5)24- a prevent b press c prepare d prescript 25- a polar b pollute c polite d political
26- a torch b sport c record d colorful
27- a tower b slow c flower d down
28- a balloon b hand c band d bamboo
29- a prepare b prepayment c preposition d prescribe 30 a competition b competence c competent d compete
31- a flow b row c know d now
32- a fly b hobby c energy d ordinary
33 a dump b bulb c nuclear d plumber
34- a receive b replace c regularly d reduce
35- a label b slavery c late d last
36- a groom b room c bloom d flood
37- a lunch b lung c lunar d luxury
38 a generous b general c get d gentle
39- a flow b flower c show d meadow
40- a season b search c seal d seam
41- a boat b float c coat d coarse
42- a shove b boss c shot d long
43- a stream b team c tear d teach
44 a choose b stood c floor d took
45- a south b mouth c course d house
46- a behave b lake c bake d battery
47- a earthquake b easy c Easter d eat
48- a funnel b fun c fund d further
49- a cycle b widely c typhoon d fly
50- a intermediate b immediate c medium d medicine
51- a great b bread c break d steak
52- a carrier b carriage c car d carrot
53- a children b child c line d sign
54- a eight b weight c freight d heighten
55- a bury b hurry c hungry d thunder
56- a locate b celebrate c nominate d private
57- a hobby b honest c humor d hole
58- a dynamite b terrify c symbol d deny
59- a love b oven c prove d lovely
60 a account b aboard c acquaintance d alien
61- a voice b volume c volcano d volunteer
62- a crazy b sample c grade d spacecraft
63- a spot b object c hole d model
64- a launder b laundry c laugh d launch
65- a catalogue b card c catwalk d hat
II/chọn từ có vị tr í trọng khác so với từ lại:
(6)5/ a/ problems b/ consuming c/ necessasy d/ cavemen 6/A/ comfort B/ enemy C/ nation D/ career 7/ A/ poisonous B/ contain C/ chemical D/ science
8/ A/ information B/ calculation C/ machinery D/ introduction 9/ A/ succeed B/ centre C/ nothing D/ stronger 10/ A/ protect B/ especially C/ important D/ woman 11/A/exception B/ scholarship C/ transition D/ discover