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Chủ từ của is not easy là the exercise ,trong khi đối tượng thực hiện hành động do là tôi không giống nhau nên phải có phần for me.. *Khi chủ từ và túc từ của động từ chính và t[r]
(1)CẤU TRÚC ENOUGH - CẤU TRÚC ENOUGH
Cấu trúc với Enough
cấu trúc tiếng Anh, cấu trúc khơng khó đa số người học Tuy nhiên, cần lưu ý để tránh sai sót khơng đáng có Trong thi ĐH, cấu trúc enough xuất thường xuyên
Về cấu trúc enough ta có sau:
(Người): S + be + Adj + enough + to V
Ex:I am old enough to drive the car
(Vật): S + be + Adj + Enough + for somebody + to V
(Lưu ý:Trong cấu trúc sau to V khơng nhắc lại chủ ngữ mà hạ nguyên lại xuống)
Ex:This coat is warm I can wear it in winter
==>This coat is warm enough for me to wear in winter
Chú ý riêng: I don't have much moneỵ I can't buy a house
==>I don't have enough money to buy a house
Cấu trúc là: S + V + enough + Noun + to V +
Như suy ra: Enough đứng trước danh từ sau tính từ
1
3 DẠNG 1 : ChUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN ( VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI ) Dạng có mẫu sau , cơng thức khơng có nên đưa ví dụ có chổ tơ màu dấu hiệu để nhận dạng công thức
1 This isthe first time I have seen him (đây lần đầu thấy ) =>I have never seen him before ( chưa thấy trước )
Mẫu có dạng :
Đây lần làm chuyện
=> chưa làm chuyện trước The first time : lần
(2)2 I started / begun studying English years ago (tôi bắt đầu học TA cách năm ) => I have studied English for years ( học TA năm )
Mẫu có dạng :
bắt đầu làm cách + khoảng thời gian
=> làm chuyện for + khoảng thời gian
Nếu khơng có ago mà có when + mệnh đề giử nguyên mệnh đề đổi when thành since I last saw him when I was a student.( lần cuồi thấy SV )
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.( không thấy từ tơi SV )
Mẫu có dạng :
Lần cuối làm chuyện => khơng làm chuyện từ
Last : lần cuối
Since : từ
4 The last time she went out with him was two years ago.(lần cuối cô ta chơi với cách năm ) => She hasn't gone out with him for two years.( cô ta không chơi với năm )
Tương tự mẫu khác phần sau
5 It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ gặp lần cuối ) => I haven't met him for ten years ( không gặp 10 năm )
Mẫu có dạng :
Đã khoảng thời gian từ làm lần cuối
=> khơng làm việc + khoảng thời gian
6 When did you buy it ? ( bạn mua ?
=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn mua ? )
Mẫu có dạng :when : dùng khứ đơn
How long : dùng hoàn thành
(3)(4)LÝ THUYẾT ***** MỘT SỐ LƯU Ý CỦA PHẦN “THÌ” TENSE Đa số không chia phần lớn chỉ dựa vào dấu hiệu, gặp câu khơng có dấu hiệu dấu hiệu q phức tạp khơng làm Dứơi phần để áp dụng làm tập chia
Sau phần chi tiết :
PHẤN : CÁCH CHIA THÌ TỔNG QUÁT: (chỉ bao gồm đơn ) Muốn chia tốt có cách làm sau
1) Chia dựa vào dấu hiệu
Cách làm : - Chỉ việc nhìn dấu hiệu câu mà làm ex: I (meet) him yesterday
Nhìn câu có dấu hiệu yesterday nên ta chia khứ đơn -> I met him yesterday
* Ưu điểm cách làm nhanh, không cần suy nghĩ nhiều cần nhớ dấu hiệu chia làm
* Khuyết điểm gặp câu khó phức tạp, dựa vào dấu hiệu đơi lại sai khơng có dấu hiệu khơng làm
ex1 : I ( just/meet) him
Ở câu đơn em học theo kiểu nhận dạng qua dấu hiệu (just : hồn thành em làm -> I have just met him.(đúng )
ex2 : When I came ,he (just go ) out
Thấy chữ just nên chia HTHT câu trên, sai ->When I came, he has just gone out.(sai)
->When I came, he had just gone out.(đúng )
2) chia theo sơ đồ
Ưu điểm : Giải hầu hết tất dạng câu khó Khuyết điểm : Mất nhiều thời gian phân tích câu, phải hiểu nghĩa câu
Biết đựơc ưu khuyết điểm cách mà ta vận dụng, câu dễ dùng cách 1, câu khó dùng cách
Cách làm dạng sau:
Phân chia làm khu vực thời gian :
1-Ln ln ,lúc có 2-đã xảy 3-chưa xảy ra Xét xem hành động câu thuộc khu vực
*Nếu thuộc khu vực 1, chia đơn
ex: The Sun (rise) in the East and (set) in the West.(Mặt trời mọc hướng Đông lặn hướng Tây)
Thấy việc xảy lúc, xưa mà => khu vực nên chia đơn ->The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West
* Nếu thuộc khu vực xét tiếp sau:
1. Đối với câu có mệnh đề :
a) Nếu có thời gian xác định thì chia quá khứ đơn ,
Thời gian xác định hiểu xác định nào, cụ thể bao gồm chữ : ago , yesterday, last… , in + năm qua…
b) Nếu khơng có thời gian xác định dùng hiện hồn thành
khơng có thời gian xác định đựoc hiểu khơng có ghi thời gian xảy lúc có ghi ghi chung chung : recently, lately (gần ),so far (cho đến nay)…
2 Dạng câu phức : (thường có hai mệnh đề )
Cách làm : So sánh hành động : a) Nếu hành động xảy trước, sau :
Hành động trước -> khứ hoàn thành Hành động sau -> khứ đơn Ex: Ihad taken a bath before I went to school.(tôi tắm trước học ) Tắm :trước nên dùng QKHT Đi học :sau nên dùng QK đơn
b) Nếu hai hành động xảy liên tục thì Cả hai dùng thì quá khứ đơn
Ex: When I came home, I turned on the lights (hai hành động liên tục nhau)
c) Nếu hai hành động cắt ngang thì :
Hành động xảy dùng khứ tiếp diễn, hành động cắt ngang dùng khứ đơn Ex: I was eating when he came (tôi ăn đến )
(5)II Bài tập :
A Chia động từ ngoặc.
1 She wishes her father ( be) _ here now to help her 2.I wish someone ( give) _ me a job next month
3.If only I ( can take) _the trip to Hanoi with her next summer 4.I wish they ( know) _the truth yesterday
5 I wish I (see) _ that film on TV again
6 My brother wishes he (not waste) _ time when he was young 7.They wish they (come) _ to class on time yesterday morning
8.He missed an exciting football match on TV last night He wishes he (watch) it wish you ( not give ) _them my phone number yesterday
10 wish we ( understand) _all the teacher’s explanation yesterday B Viết lại câu sau cho nghĩa câu không thay đổi.
1 What a pity the weather isn’t nice. I’m sorry you don’t study hard I can’t lend you any money What a pity he doesn’t invite us to the party I’m sorry I can’t easily give the answer _ Tom isn’t here now _ They never visit us _ She is often late for school _ WISHES
1 Minh wishes he a new bike
A has B would have C had D will have
2.I wish you it again
A don't B won't C didn't D wouldn't
3.He wishes he speak English well
A can B could C should D will
4.They wish they a new house
A had B have C will have D would have
5.I wish she next examination
A can pass B can passed C could pass D could be
passed She wishes they here next time
A don't come B didn't come C won't come D wouldn't
come 7.I wish they here tomorrow
A come B will come C came D would come
8 Nam wishes he a new school bag
A has B have C will have D had
9 I wish I the exam
A pass B can pass C will pass D could pass
10 They wish they my home village some day
A visit B visited C will visit D would visit
1 My wife can’t speak French
(6)2 She won’t visit me again
I wish I’m not a millionaire
I wish You’re making a lot of noise
I wish I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night
I wish * CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1.We this car if it is expensive
A haven't bought B won't buy C didn't buy D wouldn't buy
2.If he is careful, he get good marks
A must B will C could D would
3.Hurry up or you won't the last bus
A miss B take C catch D go
4.If you want to attend the course you pass the exam
A has to B have to C had to D could
5.If you want to your English,we can help you
A improve B improved C improving D improvement
6.He can't get home he has the ticket
A if B because C unless D without
7.The result will be better if he harder
A work B works C worked D will work
8.She would come to see you if she your address
A having B had C has D have
9.Where would you go if you a car ?
A has B have C had D having
10.Where will you go if you a car ?
A has B have C had D having
11.Unless you understand, I explain it again to you
A will B am C would D was
12.I won't go unless you me the money back
A pay B to pay C paying D paid
13 What will you if you the final examination ?
A pass B passed C passing D to pass
14If it we will go to the movies
A hadn't rained B won't rain C didn't rain D doesn't rain
15If you live in this town, you earn much money
A can't B aren't C don't D couldn't
16.If you have money,you can travel abroad this summer
A many B a lots C a lot of D lot of
17.If I a bird, I 'd be a dove
A am B are C was D were
18.If the weather were fine,we dinner in the garden
(7)LÝ THUYẾT ***** CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI (TAG -QUESTIONS)
Câu hỏi đuôi câu hỏi ngắn thêm vào cuối câu ngăn cách dấu phẩy (,)
* Nguyên tắc chung lập câu hỏi đuôi:
1 Phần chính khẳng định – phần đuôi phủ định Phần chính phủ định – phần đuôi khẳng định
(Trừ trường hợp phần chính có mang nghĩa phủ định như:
" seldom, rarely, hardly, hardly ever, scarcely, barely, no + danh từ, without, never, no one, nobody, nothing " phần phải thể khẳng định.
2. chủ ngữ câu hỏi đuôi phải đại từ nhân xưng (“She” thay cho “Miss Nga” ) 3 Dùng động từ To be hoặc trợ động từ tuỳ theo phần chính.
4 Phần đuôi phủ định phải dạng rút gọn ( “don’t you” thay “do not you”
5 Nếu chủ ngữ phần chính : someone, somebody, no one, nobody, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, none neither of, these, those, plural noun (danh từ số nhiều) chủ ngữ câu hỏi THEY
Ex: No one phoned, did they? (Không gọi điện à?)
6 Nếu chủ ngữ phần chính là: everything, something, anything, nothing, none this, that, singular noun (danh từ số ít) ,thì chủ ngữ câu hỏi đuôi IT.
Ex: Something happened at Jack’s house, didn’t it?
(Có điều đó xảy nhà Jack đúng không?)
7 Request (yêu cầu) -> phần đuôi will you/ won’t you/ can’t you?
Ex1 Open the window, will you? Ex2: Shut up, can't you? Mày im có khơng?
8 Invitation(lời mời) -> "won't you?" - Take your seat, won't you? 9. Sau mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu phủ định, phải dùng will you?
Ex: Don't forget, will you? Đừng quên
10. Mệnh lệnh cách với let có hai nghĩa khác nhau:
Let's nói với ngơi thứ số nhiều (câu rủ)
Ex: Let's it by ourselves, shall we? Chúng ta làm việc mình, nhé? Let us để nói với thứ hai nên câu hỏi đuôi khác
Ex: Let us it by ourselves, will you?Xin chúng tơi làm việc mình? 11/ I think / believe/ expect he will come here , won’t he ?
( Chủ ngữ là I thì lấy mệnh đề phu làm câu hỏi đuôi)
She thinks he will come, doesn’t she?
* Nhầm ’s thành is: Nếu phía sau có v3/ ed nên xem lại, khơng phải câu bị động ’s has
* Không phân biệt ’d would hay had
- Nếu phía sau có better hay past participle( v3/ ed) đó had
- Nếu phía sau có rather/ like/ love đó would EXERCISES
(8)1 You take sugar in tea, ? The lift isn't working today, ? It never work very well, _? Everybody realized the danger, ? There was a lot of noise, ? Nobody complained, _? Mary hardly ever cooks, ? Nothing went wrong, ? He never takes advice, ? 10 You wouldn't tell anyone, ? 11 Don't drop that vase, ? 12, Let's go out tonight, _? 13 Open the door, _? 14 Sue doesn't know Ann, ? 15 There is an exam tomorrow, _? 16 We've seen that movie, ? 17 He'd never met her before, ? 18.I am not stupid , _?
19 Tom can help her, ? 20 I’m your friend, ? 21 Everything is ok, ? 22 Nothing is wrong, _? 23 Nobody called on the phone, _? 24 There wasn’t enough time, ? 25 Let’s go, _? 26 No salt is allowed, _? 27 Nothing was said, _? 28 Neither of them complained, ? 29 I am right, _? 30 Turn on the light , _? 31 Don’t be late, ? 32.You used to study in Quang Trung school , _? 33 The Braves would like to win another World Series , _?
34 Mary seldom wears her dress, ?35 Mai and Lan won’t come with us, _? 36 A huge tidal wave hit Anchorage, Alaska, in the1960s, _ ?
37 You think secondary students should wear uniforms to school, ? 38 Islam is her country’s official religion, _ ?
II Choose the correct tag question
1 You're coming to the party, ? A aren't you B isn't you C shouldn't you D are you It wasn't very difficult, _ ? A wasn't it B isn't it C was it D is it Tom is getting something for Sue, ? A wasn't he B isn't he C was he D is he It won't be anything expensive, ? A won't it B isn't it C will it D was it There's some milk in the refrigerator, _? A isn't there B wasn't it C isn't it D was it We don't need to go to the store today, _? A don't we B I C didn’t we D we Susan can bring some food, ? A won't she B will she C can't she D doesn’t he The party starts at eight o'clock, ? A isn't it B doesn't it C does it D is it
9 The movie was very long, ? A isn't it B wasn't it C was it D are they 11 There's a lot of noise outside, _? A aren't there B isn't there C is there D.was there 12 Mrs Smith is sick, _ ? A isn't she B is she C wasn't she D were she 13 The dishes are dirty, _ ? A weren't they B isn't they C aren't they D were they 14 Steven won't be at the party, ? A won't he B isn't he C will he D is he 15 The math test was very difficult, _? A wasn't it B isn't it C.weren't they D were they 16 We can go tomorrow, _ ? A won't we B can we C can't we D will we 17 I'm early, _ ? A isn't I B aren't I C are I D am I 18 This shirt is too big for me, ? A isn't it B doesn't it C does it D was it 19 Emily plays the piano well, ? A isn't it B does she C doesn't she D did she 20.Your neighbors went on vacation, _ ? A isn't they B didn't they C.aren't they D.don’t they 21 Nga and Maryam are pen pals, _ they? A don’t B are C aren’t D can’t
22 You can’t speak Chinese, you? A aren’t B are C can’t D can 23 You like jeans, _you? A are B C don’t D aren’t
(9)32 Open the door, A you B don’t you C.will you D will we 33 You used to live in Hue, you? A did B weren’t C.used to D didn’t
34 I am not late, I? A aren’t B am C D don’t 35 You have to finish your homework before playing games, ?
A you B have to you C don’t you D haven’t you 36 You don’t like love films, _ you? A are B C don’t D did
37 He enjoyed his time here, he? A didn’t B C don’t D aren’t
38 Na does not know the neighborhood very well, she ? A does B doesn’t C D is 39 She is practicing music lesson in her room, _she? A is B doesn’t C don’t D isn’t 40 The natural resources will be short in a few decades, they? A will B aren’t C won’t D aren’t
LÝ THUYẾT ***** MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ/ TÍNH NGỮ
I ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ.
- WHO: Là đại từquan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm chủ ngữ
* Khi Whom/ Which/ That làm tân ngữ mệnh đề xác định ta có thể bỏ chúng
* Có loại mệnh đề quan hệ
1/Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định:cần thiết phải có tiền ngữ chưa xác định, không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa
2/ Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định: Không cần thiết tiền ngữ xác định, khơng có nó câu vẫn đủ nghĩa Nó ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính dấu phẩy Trước danh từ thường có: this, that, these, those, my, his… tên riêng
*** Một số lưu ý:
1/ THAT : Không dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (mệnh đề có dấu phẩy) 2/ THAT : Không dùng thay cho Whom/ Which khi trước chúng có giới từ
Ex: The man is Mr Pike Mary is talking to him
-> -> ->
*Nhơ: Khi giới từ đứng cuối mệnh đề quan hệ thành phần cụm động từ ta khơng đem giới từ trước
Whom/ Which. Ex: This is the book I’m looking for it
_ Ex: That is the child You have to look after him.-> _
3/ THAT : Luôn dùng sau tiền tố hỗn hợp (gồm người lẫn vật), sau từ: every/some/anything, all, little, much, none và sau dạng so sánh nhất.
Ex: She is the nicest woman I’ve ever met -> _ Ex: The old man and two dogs made much noise They passed my house yesterday
-> Exercise
I saw the woman She wrote the book " _ 2.I know the man You want to meet him." 3.The pencil is mine The pencil is on the desk The dress is beautiful She is wearing that dress " _ The girl is my sister You took the girl’s picture." He showed me his car The engine of the car is good." _
II TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ * Relative adverb *
1/WHEN: Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian WHENđược dùng thay cho
“on/ at/ in which, then”
Ex: May Day is the day People hold the meeting on that day
Chức năng
Chỉ người Chỉ vật
Chủ ngữ Who Which Tân ngữ Whom Which
(10)-> _
2/ WHERE: Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơi chốn, đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn.WHERE được dùng thay cho “on/ at/ in/ to which, there”
Ex: Do you know the country I was born there
-> _
3/ Why: Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lý do, đứng sau the reason WHY được dùng thay cho for which
Ex: The reason hasn’t been told yet The president will come to that city for this reason
-> _ * Eg:1 Monday is the day We will come then. -> _ I never forget the village I was born there. ->
II Use a Relative pronoun preceded(đi trươc) by a preposition to combine each pair of sentences below:
1 This is a rare opportunity You should take advantage of it to get a better job _ The woman lives next door to me You gave place to her on the bus
_ The examination lasted two days I was successful in this examination
_ This is the result of our work I’m pleased with it
_ There is a No parking sign I not take notice of it
_
6 Mr Brown is the man I am responsible to him for my work (chịu trách nhiệm trước).
7 Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it
_
III Fill in the blanks with Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs where necessary
1 Let me see all the letters _ you have written
2 Mr Brown, _ is only 34, is the director of this company
3 The teacher with we studied last year no longer teaches in our school They showed me the hospital buildings had been destroyed by US bombings We saw many soldiers and tanks were moving to the front
6 Dr Fleming, _ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945 We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk
8 Is there anyone can help me this?
IV Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb
1 She is the most intelligent woman I’ve ever met this woman
_ This doctor is famous You visited him yesterday
_ These children are orphans She is taking care of these children
_ The man is my father I respect this man most
_ The man is my father I respect his opinion most
_ The professor is excellent I am taking his course
_ I saw a lot of people and horses They went to market
_ I recently went back to Paris It is still as beautiful as a pearl (ngọc trai)
I recently went back to Paris I was born in Paris nearly 50 years ago
10 You didn’t tell us the reason We have to cut down our daily expenses for that reason
11 The day was rainy She left on that day
(11)_ 13 That man is an artist I don’t remember the man’s name
_ 14 That car belongs to Dr Clark Its engine is very good
_ 15 You sent me a present Thank you very much for it
_ 16 7.05 is the time My plane arrives then
_ 17 Do you know the building? The windows of the building are painted green 18 Last week I went to see the house I used to live in it
_
V Use Relative adverb to combine each pair of sentences below:
1 This is the house We often stay in this house in summer
_
2 I’ll show you the second hand bookshop You can find valuable books in this shop. _
3 I have not decided the day I’ll go to London on that day
_ He was born on the day His father was away on that day
_ The book is a telephone directory We can look up telephone numbers in this book _
6 Mrs Brown rang Dr Brown He was going to carry out an urgent operation at that moment _
7 The airport is the most modern one We’re going to arrive at this airport
_
II Bài tậ
Kết hợp câu sau dùng đại từ quan hệ.
1 Alice is my friend Alice’s mother died last year 2.The boy will be punished He threw that stone Ann is very friendly She lives next door
4.The man is a famous actor You met him at the party last night 5.There are some words They are very difficult to translate 6.I was looking for a book this morning I’ve found it now 7.Is that the car? You want to buy it
8.Sandra works in advertising You were talking to her
9.The little girl ate sweets the whole way She sat next to me on the coach 10.Lan is a journalist Her tape recorder was stolen
11.I don’t know the name of the woman I spoke to her on the phone 12 We often go to visit our friends in Bristol It’s only 30 miles away 13 This is Mr Carter I was telling you about him
14 That is the room The meeting is held in that room
15 I’ll always remember the day I first saw that sight on that day 16.She was born in Malaysia Rubber trees grow well there
17.No one knows the school My uncle taught at that school 10 years ago 18 Please ask them the time The train stared the trip at that time
19 New Year’s Day is a day All family members gather and enjoy a family dinner then 20 There are many hotels Tourists can enjoy their holidays there
21.India is a country.The earthquake occured in this country last month 22 Bac giang is a city I was born and grew up there
23 We have not decided the day We’ll go to London on that day 24 The man made me sad the most I love him with all my heart 25.The thief was caught This was a really good news
(12)27 His book became the best seller.It was punished last year 28 Neil Armstrong lived in the USA He walked on the moon 29 Nam is very intelligent He learns in our class
30 Ha Long has grown into a big city over the past few years I visited the city last year
TAG QUESTIONS
I Complele the following sentences with correct tags.
1 You broke the window, ? They didn’t see you , _ ? He plays the gutar badly, _? I am not stupid , _ ? My wife cooks well, ? She doesn’t come here,
_ ?
7 Tom can help her, ? You won’t be late, _ ? You know Bob Winton. ? 10 You don’t know Jack Smith, ? 11 Hai can play the piano, _ ? 12 I’m your friend, ?
13 Hai lives in Hue, _? 14 Mai came to class yesterday, ? 15 Everything is ok, ? 16 Nothing is wrong, _?
17 Nobody called on the phone, _? 18 They couldn’t understand him, _?
19 He has got a car, ? 20 You are a doctor, _?
21 You aren’t a doctor, _? 22 You go to school today, _? 23 She doesn’t eat meat, _? 24 There wasn’t enough time,
?
(13)36 Luciano Pavarotti is a great singer, _? 37 It isn't very cold today, _?
38 Ms Patton assigns a lot of homework, _? 39 I didn't bring enough money, _?
40 The children won't want to go to bed early, _? 41 You have already seen Braveheart, _?
42 The movie received several Oscars _?
43 We can't keep our dog in the hotel room, _?
44 The Braves would like to win another World Series , _? 45 Basketball players don't have small feet, _?
46 Khanh will be in class tomorrow, _ ?
47 Children shouldn’t play with matches, _? 48 Someone recognized you, ?
49 You don’t like playing games, ?
50 They should have been able to it , _ ? 51 The students should keep silent, _ ?
52 Mary seldom wears her dress, ? 53 Tom and Jerry can’t live in peace, _ ? 54 The case weights thirty kilos, ?
55 Let’s help the old woman with the housework, _ ? 56 The book which I borrowed from you yesterday is from the library, _ ?
57 The John family used to live in Liverpool, _ ?
58 Mr Bao said that we should use solar energy , _ ? 59 Islam is her country’s official religion, _ ?
60 Some designers have made Ao dai modern and fashionable, ? 61 A huge tidal wave hit Anchorage, Alaska, in the1960s, _ ?
62 You think secondary students should wear uniforms to school, ? 63 Mai and Lan won’t come with us, _ ?
64 The weather isn’t very bad today, _ ?
II Choose the correct tag question.
1 You're coming to the party, _ ?
A aren't you B isn't you C shouldn't you D are you It wasn't very difficult, _ ?
A wasn't it B isn't it C was it D is it
3 Tom is getting something for Sue, _ ? A wasn't he B isn't he C was he D is he
4 It won't be anything expensive, _ ? A won't it B isn't it C will it D was it
5 There's some milk in the refrigerator, _ ? A isn't there B wasn't it C isn't it D was it
6 We don't need to go to the store today, _ ? A don't we B I C didn’t we D we
7 Susan can bring some food, _ ?
(14)9 The movie was very long, _ ? A isn't it B wasn't it C was it D are they
10 There's a dictionary on the shelf, _ ? A isn't it B isn't there C aren't there D is there 11 There's a lot of noise outside, _ ?
A aren't there B isn't there C is there D was there 12 Mrs Smith is sick, _ ?
A isn't she B is she C wasn't she D were she 13 The dishes are dirty, _ ?
A weren't they B isn't they C aren't they D were they 14 Steven won't be at the party, _ ?
A won't he B isn't he C will he D is he
15 The math test was very difficult, _ ? A wasn't it B isn't it C weren't they D were they 16 We can go tomorrow, _ ?
A won't we B can we C can't we D will we 17 I'm early, _ ?
A isn't I B aren't I C are I D am I
18 This shirt is too big for me, _ ? A isn't it B doesn't it C does it D was it 19 Emily plays the piano well, _ ? A isn't it B does she C doesn't she D did she 20 Your neighbors went on vacation, _ ?
A isn't they B didn't they C aren't they D don’t they 21 Nga and Maryam are pen pals, they?
A.don’t B are C.aren’t D.can’t 22 You can’t speak Chinese, you? A.aren’t B are C.can’t D.can
23 You like jeans, you?
A are B C don’t D aren’t
24 Hoa has lived in Ha Noi for years, she? A doesn’t B isn’t C has D hasn’t
25 Nam passed his exam, he?
A didn’t B did C doesn’t D wasn’t
26 Jane loves the food and the beaches in Viet Nam, she? A isn’t B doesn’t C does D can’t
27 Paul will come to Viet Nam next summer, he? A does B isn’t C will D won’t
28 Mary was ill yesterday, she? A is B did C wasn’t D was
29 Nam didn’t go to the English Speaking club, he? A was B does C didn’t D did
30 The progam is interesting, it? A isn’t B is C.does D doesn’t
(15)A you B don’t you C.will you D will we 33 You used to live in Hue, you?
A did B weren’t C.used to D didn’t 34 I am not late, I?
A aren’t B am C D don’t
35 You have to finish your homework before playing games, ? A you? B have to you? C don’t you? D haven’t you?
36 You don’t like love films, you? A are B C don’t D did
37 He enjoyed his time here, he? A didn’t B C don’t D aren’t
38 Na does not know the neighborhood very well, she ? A does B doesn’t C D is
39 She is practicing music lesson in her room, she? A is B doesn’t C don’t D isn’t
40 The natural resources will be short in a few decades, they? A will B aren’t C won’t D aren’t
TEST 45’ (1) I- Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1 Have you found the man you wanted? (which/ whom/ whose/ where) They went to school it was raining hard (but/ and/ though/ or)
3 The car he has just bought is very expensive (who/ which/ whom/ where)
4 The men and animals _ you saw on TV were from China (who/ whom/ which/ that) Solar energy is an source of power (effect/ effective/ effectively/ affect)
6 The movie is not interesting How about to the concert? (to go/ go/ going/ went) My father’s sense of humor distinguishes him others (in/ at/ of/ from)
8 _, hurricane and cyclone are different words for the same natural disaster (Typhoon/ Tornado/ Tidal wave/ Earthquake).
II- Put the verb into the correct form/ tense:
1. If we use more oil and coal, pollution (increase) 2. She (teach) us Math since 2000
3. People are interested in (save) energy
4. I suggest (put) garbage bins around the school yard 5. If Ba (be) rich, he would travel around the world 6. Solar energy (can/use) on cloudy days
III- Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word.
1 Tet holiday is the most important _ for Vietnamese people (celebrate) We’ll live a happier and _ life if we keep our environment clean (health) You must be when you open that door (care)
4 I’m very of my father and love him so much (pride)
V-Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means the same as the first one. 1.Although she was not beautiful, she took part in a beauty contest
(16)> She suggest that _ It’s a pity our teacher isn’t here at the moment
> I wish _ We last saw our grandfather five months ago
> We haven’t _ VI- Make sentences from the words and phrases provided.
1 Na/ would/ buy/ new computer/ if/ have/ enough money Miss Lien/ sing/ very well/ is/ my English teacher
_ KEYS FOR TEST 45’ (1) I-Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1.whom 2.though 3.which 4.that effective going from Typhoon II- Put the verb into the correct form/ tense:
1 will increase has taught saving putting were can be used III- Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word.
1 celebration healthier careful proud
V-Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means the same as the first one. She wasn’t beautiful but she took part in a beauty contest
2 She suggest that they should sing a song I wish our teacher were here at the moment
4 We haven’t seen our grandfather for five months
(17)
LÝ THUYẾT 2*****MỘT SỐ CÔNG THỨC CƠ BẢN
1/ TOO + adj/adv + (for sb) TO + v Qúa đến nỗi…không thể ( cấu trúc mang nghĩa phủ định 3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG TOO TO / ENOUGH 1)Nguyên tắc thứ :Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có :too ,so ,very , quite ,extremely phải bỏ 2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai: Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống bỏ phần for sb (cùng chủ ngữ)
3) Nguyên tắc thứ ba:Nếu chủ từ câu đầu túc từ câu sau phải bỏ túc từ câu sau (khác chủ ngữ) ex1: He is so weak He can't run -> He is too weak to run
ex2: The coffee was very hot I couldn’t drink it -> The coffee was too hot for me to drink ( Bỏ it it đờng nghĩa với coffee )
2/ ENOUGH (đủ) Enough có hai công thức :
1) adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf (tính từ ,trạng từ đứng trươc enough) ex1: He is strong enough to lift the box.(anh ta đủ khỏe để nhấc hộp)
ex2: He doesn't drive carefully enough to pass the driving test
2) enough + N (for sb ) to inf (danh từ đứng sau enough )
ex: I don't have enough money to buy a car.(tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi) * NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG ENOUGH:
Trươc danh từ có many, much, a lot of, lots of phải bỏ.
Ex He is very intelligent.He can it ->He is intelligent enough to it Ex He has a lot of money He can buy a car ->He has enough money to buy a car 3/ SO THAT (QUÁ ĐẾN NỖI CÓ THỂ / KHÔNG THỂ)
Công thức : SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + clause * Cách nối câu dùng so that
+ Trươc adj/adv nếu có too, so, very,quite bỏ + Nếu có a lot of ,lots of phải đổi thành much,many + Sau that viết lại toàn mệnh đề
Ex: He is very strong He can lift the box -> He is so strong that he can lift the box Ex: He ate a lot of food He became ill -> He ate so much food that he became ill He bought lots of books He didn't know where to put them
->He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them 4/ SUCH THAT(quá đến nỗi… )
Công thức : SUCH( a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause
-Cách nối câu dùng such that
+ Trươc adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite bỏ
+ Nếu danh từ là số nhiều khơng đếm không dùng (a/an)
+ Nếu sau adj không có danh từ lấy danh từ đầu câu vào thế đại từ vào chủ từ Ex: He is a very lazy boy No one likes him.->He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him Ex: The coffee is too hot I can't drink it
Sau chữ hot không có danh từ nên phải đem coffee vào, coffee không đếm nên không dùng a/an ->It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it
Ex :Her voice is very soft Everyone likes her ->She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her + Nếu trước danh từ có much, many phải đổi thành a lot of
ex: He bought many books He didn't know where to put them
-> He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them Exercises
(18)She is too young to see that film. You are too fat to take in the beauty contest. _ The water is quite warm I can drink it. _
BÀI TẬP : Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa: Use such…that/ so…that
1) The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him
=> He is _ 2) The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night
=> It is _ 3) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times
=> They are 4) There is so much rain that we can't go out
=> There is such. 5) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.=> He is _ 6) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more
=> It is 7) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden
=> It was _ 8) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him
=> There were such _ 9) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly
=> It was 10) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night
=> They drunk such 11) Alice had so many exercises to that she couldn't go out
=> Alice had such 12) The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help
=> She was 13) She had few friends She felt lonely. _ 14/ The bag is too heavy for me to carry
The bag is so
BÀI TẬP : Use Enough 1/ The ice is quite thick We can walk on it
2/ It wasn’t very warm We couldn’t sit in the garden
3/ He wasn’t very experienced He couldn’t the job. _ 4/ The ladder wasn’t very long It didn’t reach the window
_ 5/ The gate is very wide A truck can go through it
_ 6/ These shoes are big You can wear them
_ 7/ The boy is too short He can’t climb over the wall
(19)BÀI TẬP Use:Too…to 1/ The lesson was very difficult He couldn’t understand it
_ 2/ We can’t that test because it is very difficult
_ 3/ He is very lazy He can’t pass the examination
_ LÝ THUYẾT 3 ****** PASSIVE VOICE ( Thể bị động )
* Bảng tóm tắt cơng thức câu bị động HTĐ Am, is, are + V- ed (pp) QKĐ Was, were + V- ed (pp)
HTTD Am,is, are + being + V- ed (pp) QKTD Was, were + being + V- ed (pp) HTHT Have, has + been + V- ed (pp) MODAL
VERBS Can, could ,may,might, shall, should,will, would, ought to, be going to,Have to, used to, + be + V- ed (pp)
* Công thưùc tổng quaùt:
(A) : S + V + O
( P ) : S + be + P P + ( by O )
Cách đổi: Bước 1: Lấy Tân ngữ (O) câu chủ động xuống làm Chủ từ (S)câu bị động Bước 2: a/ Lưu ý Động từ câu chủ động To Be đó
b/ Động từ chính đổi sang dạng PP (QK phân từ)
Bước 3: Lấy Chủ từ (S)câu chủ động xuống làm Tân ngữ (O)câu bị động đặt sau By chỉ tác nhân
* Notes: ( ghi chuù )
+ Nếu chủ ngữ câu chủ đdộng (Active voice) từ : people , someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, đại từ nhân xưng ( I / you / we / they / he/ she/ It ) ta bỏ by O câu bị động
(Pasive voice)- (Ex:by them/ by people/ by someone … Bỏ ) Ex: People speak English all over the world
English is spoken all over the word
+ Nếu chủ ngữ câu chủ động từ : noone, nobody, no + noun sang câu bị động phải hình
thức phủ định
Ex: Noone helps her She is not helped
+Nếu câu chủ động có hai túc từ (O) ta nên lấy túc từ người làm chủ ngữ câu bị động Ex: My mother gives me a present
I am given a present by my mother
+ Trạng từ thể cách ( well , badly, quickly, carefully, fluently…) đứng trước PP(Ved/ )
Ex: The boss has treated them badly
They have been badly treated by the boss + Trạng ngữ nơi chốn trước by, thời gian sau by
Ex : My father saw him in the garden last night
He was seen in the garden by my father last night
Chú ý: 1/ Cụm từ thời gian đứng sau By+O (every day / last week ) 2/ Cụm từ nơi chốn đứng trước By+O (on the table/ on the wall ) 3/ Trạng từ thể cách đứng Be V3/ed ( well/ badly )
(20)3.He is asking me a lot of questions => I am being asked a lot of questions (Passive)
4.She was doing her homework at that time => Her homework was being done at that time (Passive) 5.My mother has made that cake => That cake has been made by my mother (Passive) My friend can answer this question => This question can be answered by my friend (Passive) II. Bài tập Chuyển câu sau sang câu bị động
1 They can’t make tea with cold water. They will hold the meeting before May Day. They have to repair the engine of the car. _ They may use this room for the classroom. _ The teacher is going to tell a story. Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife. _ They have provided the victims with food and clothing
_ The teacher explains the lesson. Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen. _ 10 The doctor examined the patients. 11 These boys made that noise _ 12 I can’t these exercises quickly. 13 She had finished the report by noon. 14 The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car. _ 15 We must something before it’s too late. _ 16 They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago
17 They were cleaning the floor when I arrived. _ 18 Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion ?
19 Where will your company send you next year ?
Bài tập tổng hợp về cấu trúc câu và thi
I/ PRACTICE:
1- I would rather (go) to a movie tonight than study grammar
2- Don’t forget (do) your homework tonight!
3- Many young people are interested in (protect) the environment
4- He enjoys (sit) and (do) nothing
5- I am used to (drive) on the left now
6- That little boy spends most of his time (chat) on the Internet
7- He promised (buy) her a present on her birthday
8- He advised me (consider) all the facts before (decide) (accept) the job
9- I let my friend (borrow) my bicycle yesterday
10- When I was walking past the park, I saw some children (play) badminton 11- The doctor made the patient (stay) in bed
II/ PRACTICE
1- Today is Saturday Tomorrow _ Sunday (be) 2- The building _ last year (collapse)
3- This floor never looks dirty It _ every day (clean)
(21)5- As soon as everyone _ ready, we will start (be) 6.She often _ (cry) when she was young
7- Look! The Greens happy (be) 8- Listen! The door (knock)
9- Listen! She her son She someone (not teach / phone)
EXERCISES
I Put these verbs into correct form. 1.I (walk) to work everyday
2.She (work) in a bank two years ago
3.I(go) to town yesterday, and I(buy) a new book 4.John(leave) for France tomorrow
5.He (leave) yesterday 6.He (work) here since August
7.We often(see) him on the way home 8.I seldom (go) to the cinema
9.I (read) that book already 10.They just(come)
11.I (be) in the army during the Second World War 12.I (walk) to school everyday last year 13.We(not be) there lately
14.Please be quite.I(study)
15.The swimming pool(open) at 7.00 and (close) at 18.30 everyday 16.I(not/work) this week I’m on holiday
17.How many cigarettes(you/smoke) a day?
18.I(live) with some friends until I can find a flat
19.Hurry up! The bus(come) I(not/want) to miss it 20.The River Nile(flow) into the Mediterranean
21.Son is in London at the moment He(stay) at the Hilton Hotel.He usually(stay) at the Hilton Hotel when he’s in London
22.What(your father/do) ? - He’s a teacher,but he(not/work) at the moment
23.I’m too tired to walk home I think I(get) a taxi 24.When I lived in Hanoi, I(work) in a bank
25.Lan (burn) her hand when she(cook) the dinner 26.It(rain) when I got up
27.While I(work) in the garden, I hurt my back
28.I saw Jim in the park He(sit) on the grass and(read) a book 29.Last night I(read) in bed when suddenly I(hear) a scream
30.She(play) tennis since she was eight
31.It is raining now It began raining two hours ago It(rain) for two hours 32.Ann is looking for a job She began looking six months ago She(look) for six months
(22)Last Monday,William Murphy(1) a wallet on a street He picked up the wallet and(2) a ticket inside.He noticed the number on the ticket and immediately
(3) that(4) was the winning ticket in a big competition.The prize (5) million dollars
Murphy(6) the huge prize,however.He(7) the ticket back to its owner,Laviqeur.Yesterday,Laviqeur got the prize and at once(8) Murphy a million dollars as a reward
1.a.sees b.has seen c.saw d.is seeing
2.a.find b.finds c.found d.founded
3.a.knows b.is knowing c.known d.knew
4.a.he b.she c.it d.one
5.a.is b.are c.were d.was
6.a.not collect b not collect c.did not collect d.no collected
7.a.take b.took c.takes d.taken
8.a give b.gives c.given d.gave
PRACTICE:
9- I would rather (go) to a movie tonight than study grammar 10- Don’t forget (do) your homework tonight!
11- Many young people are interested in (protect) the environment
12- He enjoys (sit) and (do) nothing 13- I am used to (drive) on the left now
14- That little boy spends most of his time (chat) on the Internet
15- He promised (buy) her a present on her birthday
16- He advised me (consider) all the facts before (decide) (accept) the job
9- I let my friend (borrow) my bicycle yesterday
10- When I was walking past the park, I saw some children (play) badminton
11- The doctor made the patient (stay) in bed PRACTICE (bài tập thực hành):
1- Today is Saturday Tomorrow _ Sunday (be) 2- The building _ last year (collapse)
3- This floor never looks dirty It _ every day (clean)
4- When she _ (see) you tomorrow, she _ (give) it to you 5- As soon as everyone _ ready, we will start (be)
6.She often _ (cry) when she was young 7- Look! The Greens happy (be) 8- Listen! The door (knock)
(23)ĐỀ SỐ 1
I/ Choose the word that has underlined part pronounced different from the others:
1.A open B blow C canoe D.cold
2 A favor B.glad C bank D happy
3 A proud B.pronoun C enough D around
4.A crystal B exciting C century D ticket
5.A pomegranate B separate C royal D itinerary
6.A weather B spread C teammate D pleasure
II Choose the best word or phrase to complete each sentences:\
1 Sydney Opera House was ( built / done / invented ) in 1973
2 We ( are having / were having / was having ) dinner when my friends arrived yesterday evening It is difficult ( to learn / learning / learn ) English
4 Tan asked Lan (or / if / does / did ) she knew his teacher
5 There are ( seasides / beaches / pagodas / tribal villages) in Sapa The student ( stands / is standing / standing ) next to the door is Hoa We are very fond ( in / at / of / with ) the game 20 questions
8 He had his father (fixed/ to fix/ fix/ fixing) his watch
9 I must go now I promised (not being/ not to be/ to not be/ not be no) late 10 I (visit/visited/ have visited/ was visiting) Cuba in 1990
11 It is (difficult/ difficultly/ difficulty/ differ) to find an expensive hotel in this town
12 you ever to America yet?(Have …been/ Were …being/Were … been/Are … been)
III.Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets
1.The house ( build ) ……….for six months
Mai has no pen again She ( always leave ) ………her pens at home We decided ( go) ……….camping yesterday
V Rewrite the following semtemces as directed.
1 You should send the letter immediately @The letter……… He said to me “ I am a student” @ He ……… 3.“ Do you like listening to music , Lan? Nam asked
Nam ………
II Write the correct form of the words in brackets (1.0 point)
2 The glass pieces are dried……… (complete)
III Complete the second sentence in such a way that it has the same meaning as the first one (2 points)
1 Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem in 1823
-> The poem ……… “We are waiting for the school bus”, said the children
-> The children ………
Bài I: Tìm từ mà phần gạch chân có cách phát âm khác các từ lại
4 A pomegranate B separate C royal D itinerary
(24)6 A guessed B compiled C finished D fetched
7 A include B heritage C liberty D prize
8 A crystal B exciting C century D ticket
II Chọn đáp án đóng cho câu sau.
9. At o’clock yesterday, we………on the beach
A are lying B have lain C lay D were lying
10.Jack likes climbing mountains He has just joined a………club
A climb – mountain B climbing – mountain C mountain – climbing D mountain – climb
11.A bill………to you at the end of the month
A will be sent B will send C will be send D will sent
12.Ann wants to know………a map of the city
A where getting B where to get C where to getting D where get
13.These computers are made………Australia
A from B of C in D by
14.It is a custom to give presents at Christmas
A habit B hobby C rule D tradition
15.Tom burnt his hand when he………the dinner
A was cooking B has cooked C cooked D cooks
16.I think I’ll stay here after all ~ You………your mind
A always change B are always changing C has always changed D always changed
17.Bob had someone………his house
A paints B painted C paint D painting
18.Have you tidied the bedroom? ~………
A Yes, I have B Yes, I haven’t C No, I have D None is correct.
19. Viet Nam is a country that exports a lot of rice A sells and transports goods to another country
B buys goods from another country into one’s own country C plants something in the ground and looks after it
D produces something
20.Jill has decided………a car
A not to buy B not to buying C to buy not D not buying
21.There is a………flight………10 am
A day / at B daily / in C daily / at D day / in
22.My brother said that he………for a foreign company
A is working B will work C works D was working
23.My friend asked me………I studied at a school in the city center
A when B whether C then D unless
III Đọc đoạn văn chọn đáp án đóng cho thông tin dới.
Well, here I am in Peru on our South America tour We got to Linda five days ago We had a good journey It took three days by bus, but we saw a lot of things on the way We didn’t much for the first two days, as a couple of the other guys were ill We spent most of the time on the beach (They are OK now!)
On Wednesday, we came up to the mountains, and yesterday we went to the old Inca city of Machu Picchu and did some sightseeing It was fantastic! We did have a lot of time there, but we saw everything and I took a lot of photos
24.Where was the author?
A In Peru. B In Africa C In South America D A & B are correct
25.The author went there ………
A by himself / herself B with some friends
C with his / her best friend D with his / her brother
26.What does the word “They” in line mean?
A days B things C the guys who are ill D most of the time
27.What did they do?
A They spent most of the time on the beach. B They came up to the mountains.
C They went to the old Inca city of Machu Picchu. D All are correct. 28.Who is the author?
A A tourist. B A tour guide. C A migrant. D A businessman.
IV Tìm lỗi sai câu sau
(25)A must kept B in C or D will 30.Paul asked me if I did leave my house unlocked
A asked B did leave C my house D unlocked
31.I had the gardener planted some trees last Sunday
A had B the C planted D trees
32.Would you like me to help you in your homework?
A Would B me C to help D in
33.Greg is always forget his keys and that really annoys me
A is always forget B his C and D annoys
V Chọn đáp án đúng điền vào chỗ trống đoạn văn sau:
The Amazon (31) ……… in a stream near the top of a mountain which is called Cerro Huagra The stream is called Huarco (32) ……… the Huarco becomes a river which is known (33) ……… the Ucayali The Ucayali then becomes the Amazon The (34) ……… of the Amazon from the (35) ……… of the Huarco to the Atlantic Ocean is 6, 448 kilometers
34 A begin B began C begins D is beginning
35 A Late B Lately C Later D Latest
36 A as B so C like D alike
37 A long B length C wide D narrow
38 A begin B starting C start D beginning
VI Chọn đáp án câu viết đúng cho câu sau. 39.When / they / arrive / we / have / dinner
A When they arrived, we had dinner B When they were arriving, we had dinner
C When they arrived, we were having dinner. D When they were arriving, we were having dinner.
40.“I am from Paris, France,” Paul said
A Paul said that he was from Paris, France B Paul said that he is from Paris, France
C Paul said that I am from Paris, France D Paul said that I was from Paris, France.
41.This festival was first held in 1930
A They first hold this festival in 1930. B They have first held this festival in 1930.
C They would first hold this festival in 1930 D They first held this festival in 1930. 42.“Do you come from Sydney, Australia?” I asked him
A I asked him if he came from Sydney, Australia.
B I asked him whether he comes from Sydney, Australia. C I asked him you come from Sydney, Australia. D I asked him did he come from Sydney, Australia. 43.What / you / plan / / your / summer vacation? A What you plan to on your summer vacation? B What you plan to on your summer vacation? C What you plan on your summer vacation? D What you plan doing on your summer vacation?
LÀM BÀI:
1
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
(26)BÀI TẬP :
Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it => It is
2) The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him => He is
3) The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night => It is
4) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times => They are
5) The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it => It was
6) The food was so hot that it turned my tongue => It was
7) There is so much rain that we can't go out => There is such
8) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy => He is
9) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more => It is
10) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden => It was
11) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him => There were such
12) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly => It was
13) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night => They drunk such
(27)15) The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help => She was
Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) This is the first time he went abroad => He hasn’t……
2) She started driving month ago => She has……
3) We began eating when it started to rain => We have……
4) I last had my hair cut when I left her => I haven’t…
5) The last time she kissed me was months ago => She hasn’t…
6) It is a long time since we last met => We haven’t…
7) When did you have it ? => How long … ?
8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal => I haven’t…
9) I haven’t seen him for days => The last …
10) I haven’t taken a bath since Monday => It is …
CÔNG THỨC : [TOO + adj/adv + (for sb) TO inf.]
-3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG TOO TO Cũng giống enough, too to có nguyên tắc sau
-1)Nguyên tắc thứ :
Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có :too ,so ,very , quite ,extremely phải bỏ - 2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai:
Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống bỏ phần for sb 3) Nguyên tắc thứ ba:
Nếu chủ từ câu đầu túc từ câu sau phải bỏ túc từ câu sau ex:
He is so weak He can't run -> He is too weak to run
(28)ENOUGH (đủ)
Enough có hai công thức : 1) adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf 2) enough + N (for sb ) to inf
Các bạn lưu ý khác công thức : tính từ ,trạng từ đứng trước enough cịn danh từ đứng sau enough
ex:
he is strong enough to lift the box.(anh ta đủ khỏe để nhấc hộp) strong tính từ nên đứng trước enough
He doesn't drive carefully enough to pass the driving test carefully trạng từ nên đứng trước enough
I don't have enough money to buy a car.(tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi) Money danh từ nên đứng sau enough
*Nếu chủ từ thực hành động (động từ chính to inf ) khơng có phần (for sb),cịn hai đối tượng khác đối tượng thực hành động to inf sẽ thể phần for sb
ex:
I study well enough to pass the exam.(tôi học giỏi đủ để thi đậu)
trong câu người thực hành động study người pass the exam (thi đậu) nên không có phần for sb
The exercise is not easy for me to do.(bài tập không đủ dễ để có thể làm )
Chủ từ is not easy the exercise ,trong đối tượng thực hành động không giống nên phải có phần for me
*Khi chủ từ túc từ động từ chính túc từ to inf túc từ đó hiểu nghầm ,khơng viết
ex:
The exercise is not easy for me to it.(sai) The exercise is not easy for me to do.(đúng)
Túc từ it đồng nghĩa với chủ từ The exercise nên không viết Tóm lại bạn cần nhớ nguyên tắc sau
3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG ENOUGH: 1)Nguyên tắc thứ nhất:
Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có : too, so, very, quite ,extremely Trước danh từ có many, much, a lot of, lots of phải bỏ
He is very intelligent.He can it
->He is very intelligent enough to it (sai) ->He is intelligent enough to it.(đúng) He has a lot of money He can buy a car
(29)2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai:
Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống bỏ phần for sb ex:
Tom is strong He can lift the box
->Tom is strong enough for him to lift the box.(sai) ->Tom is strong enough to lift the box.(đúng)
The weather is fine Mary and her little brother can go to school ->The weather is fine enough to go to school.(sai)
->The weather is fine enough for Mary and her little brother to go to school.(đúng) Tuy nhiên chủ từ câu sau có ý chung chung có thể bỏ
ex:
The sun is not warm We can't live on it
->The sun is not warm enough to live on.(we chỉ chung chung, mọi người) 3)Nguyên tắc thứ ba:
Nếu chủ từ câu đầu túc từ câu sau phải bỏ túc từ câu sau ex:
The water is quite warm I can drink it
->The water is warm enough for me to drink it.(sai) ->The water is warm enough for me to drink (đúng) SO THAT (QUÁ ĐẾN NỖI )
CÔNG THỨC :
SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + clause - Cách nối câu dùng so that
+ Trước adj/adv có too, so, very,quite bỏ + Nếu có a lot of ,lots of phải đổi thành much,many + Sau that viết lại toàn mệnh đề
ex:
He is very strong He can lift the box -> He is so strong that he can lift the box He ate a lot of food He became ill
-> He ate so much food that he became ill
He bought lots of books He didn't know where to put them
->He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them SUCH THAT(quá đến nỗi… )
Công thức :
SUCH( a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause -Cách nối câu dùng such that
+ Trước adj/adv có too, so, very, quite bỏ
+ Nếu danh từ số ít hoặc khơng đếm khơng dùng (a/an)
+ Nếu sau adj khơng có danh từ lấy danh từ đầu câu vào rồi đại từ vào chủ từ ex:
(30)->He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him The coffee is too hot I can't drink it
Sau chữ hot không có danh từ nên phải đem coffee vào, coffee không đếm nên không dùng a/an
->It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it Her voice is very soft Everyone likes her
->She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her
+ Nếu trước danh từ có much, many phải đổi thành a lot of ex:
He bought many books He didn't know where to put them
-> He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them
* Notes : ( ghi chuù )
+ Mệnh đề điều kiện coù thể vơùi câu mệnh lệnh , yê cầu câu điều kiện loại I
Ex : If you meet him , please phone me.
+ Câu điều kiện phủ định “ If ………… not “ ta coù thể thay Unless câu điều
kiện diễn tả Or thay Unless
Ex : / If you don’t study hard , you’ll fail in the exam
Unless you study hard , you’ll fail in the exam
2/ Study hard or you will fail in the exam
Unless you study hard , you will fail in the exam
* Khi ta đổi câu điều kiện vơùi “ If” sang “ Unless” , ta theo công thưùc sau :
If_ clause Unless
o Phủ định Khaúng định ( mệnh đề chính không đổi )
o Khaúng định Khaúng định ( đổi động từ mệnh đề
chính sang thể ngược lại)
Ex: 1/ If it doesn’t rain , I will go to the movies
Unless it rains , I will go to the movies 2/ If I have money , I will buy a motorcycle
Unless I have money , I willnot buy a motorcycle
+ Provided ( that ) , On condition ( that ) , As long as , So long as ( miễn , vơùi điều kiện ) ; suppose , supposing ( giả sử ) , In case ( trường hợp ), Even if ( , ) …… coù thể dùng thay cho If câu điều kiện
Ex : In case I forget , please remind me of my promise
1 At: ( vào luùc ) đưùng trươùc + Giờ ( at o’clock, at p.m…)
+ Những dịp lễ ( at Christmas; at Easter )
+ At night, at midday , at midnight , at/on (the) weekends, at once, at noon, at last, at present, at the moment, at lunchtime, at sunset, at dawn, at the same time
+ At the end (of something) vào cuối
At the end of the month, At the end of January, At the end of the film/ match
+ In the end = finally: cuối cùng, sau cùng 2.In: ( vào) đưùng trươùc:
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
(31)+ Naêm ( in 1980)
+ Thaùng ( in January/ February/ March/ April/ May/ June/ July/ August/ September / October / November / December)
+ Muøa ( in Spring/ Summer/ Autumn ( Fall)/ Winter) + Buoåi ( in the morning/ the afternoon/ the evening.) + Thế kỷ ( in the 21 st century ….)
+ In time: đuùng giờ( vừa đúng lúc làm đó)
Ex: Will you be home in time for dinner?(= soon enough for dinner)Bạn sẽ đến nhà kịp buổi tối chứ?
+ in a few minutes: ít phút + in six months: tháng
3.On :( vào ) đưùng trươùc:
+ Thưù ( ngày tuaàn ) ( on Sunday/ Monday/ Tuesday/ Wednesday/ Thursday/ Friday/ Saturday.) + Ngày thaùng (năm) ( on June 10 th …)
+ Caùc ngày cụ thể (on Christmas Day/ my birthday/ New Year’s Eve) + On ( the) weekends
+ On time: đuùng giờ, khơng chậm trễ ( chính xaùc) Ex: The 11.45 train left on time.(= It left at 11.45)
4.Since: ( từ, từ khi) đưùng trươùc:
+ Mốc ( điễm) thời gian ( since yesterday/ 2000….)
5.For: (khoảng) đưùng trươùc :
+ Khoảng ( số lượng) thời gian ( for a long time/ ages / two hours…)
6.Before: ( trươùc ) đưùng trươùc :
+ Cụm từ thời gian ( before o’clock/ meal….)
7 After: ( sau) đưùng trươùc:
+ Cụm từ thời gian ( after o’clock/ meal….)
8.Between: ( hai khoảng thời gian ) vơùi “ and” + Between ……… and ( between 7.00 and 9.00)
9 From … to/ upto / till / untill … ( từ ……… đến … ) ( from 11 am to pm , from Tuesday to Friday )
* Lưu ý: không dùng on/ in/ at trươc last/ next/ this/ every
* Câu giaùn tiếp hay câu tường thuật caùch diễn đạt câu noùi người khaùc theo từ mà yù nghóa khơng thay đổi
* Caùc loại lời noùi giaùn tiếp ( câu tường thuật ):
I/ Command and request: ( câu mệnh lệnh yêu cầu )
Loại câu mở đầu caùc động từ : told, asked, ordered, commanded, requested, …… thêm sau noù tuùc từ ( người nghe ) chưa coù động từ dùng dạng nguyên
mẫu coù “ TO “ Nếu hình thưùc phủ định ta thêm “ NOT” trươùc động từ nguyên mẫu coù
“TO”
EX: He said , “ Giveme your book, please” He told me to give him my book He asked me to give him my book
II/ Statements :( câu kể, câu phaùt bieåu)
Loại câu mở đầu caùc động từ : say / said ( to) , tell / told
THE REPORTED SPEECH/ THE INDIRECT SPEECH
( Lời nói gián tiếp)
S(người noùi) + told / ordered/ commanded + O(người nghe) + ( not) + To V
asked/ requested
(32)EX: Lan said to me, “My uncle willcomeheretomorrow”
Lan said to me ( that ) her uncle would come there the following day
Lan told me ( that ) her uncle would come there the following day.
III/ Yes _ No Questions :( Câu hỏi phải không )
Loại mở đầu caùc loại động từ : ask(ed), wonder(ed), inquire(d), want(ed) to
know ……… theo sau coù “if” “ whether” (hay không) Sau “ whether” ta coù thể thêm “or
not”
EX: Nhi said “ Do you know My Son, Nga”
Nhi asked Nga if she knew My Son
Nhi asked Nga whether she knew My Son ( or not )
IV / WH ( H) _ Questions : ( Câu hỏi coù nghi vấn từ )
Loại mở đầu caùc loại động từ : ask(ed), wonder(ed), inquire(d), want(ed) to know ……… theo sau caùc nghi vấn từ ( WH(H)_) : What, where, when, who, why, what time, how old …
EX: He said to me , “ What time does class start ? “
He asked me what time class started
** Caùch đổi từ câu trực tieáp sang câu giaùn tieáp:
Muốn đỏi từ câu trực tiếp ( Direct speech) dấu trích dẫn sang giaùn tiếp ( reported Speech) ta cần phải biết đoù loại câu , sau đoù aùp dụng qui tắc đổi loại câu đoù
* Nếu động từ mệnh đề chính đơn, hồn thành, tương lai đơn lời trích dẫn ta phải đổi đại từ ( pronouns) tính từ sở hữu ( possessive pronouns)
+ Ngôi thừ ( I , me , my, we , us, our ) đổi theo người noùi + Ngôi thưù hai ( you, your ) đổi theo người nghe
+ Ngôi thưù ba ( he, him, his, she, her, it, its, they, them , their ) giữ nguyên EX: He says, “ I’m tired now “
He says ( that) he is tired now
* Nếu động từ mậnh đề chính quaù khưù đơn lời trích dẫn ta phải đổi thì, tính từ định, trạng ngữ không gian, thời gian, đại từ tính từ sở hữu
(1) Changes in tenses of verbs (đổi động từ)
* Direct Speech * Reported Speech
+ Simple present ( HTÑ) Simple past ( QKÑ )
+ Present continuous ( HTTD) Past continuous ( QKTD )
+ Simple past ( QKÑ) / Present perfect (HTHT) Past perfect ( QKHT)
+ Simple future ( TLÑ ) : will / shall Future in the past ( TL QK)
would/ should
+ may might
+ Can could
+ must had to/ would have to
+ mustn’t was/ were not to
+ need not ( needn’t) didn’t have to
* Might, could, should, ought to giữ nguyên
(2) Demonstrative adjectives: (tính từ định)
+ This that
S ( người noùi) + ask(ed) / wonder(ed) / inquire(d) + ( O) (người nghe) + if ( whether) + S+V
want(ed) to know
S( người noùi) + ask(ed) / wonder(ed) / inquire(d) + ( O) (người nghe) WH (H)_ + S + V
(33)+ These those
(3) Adverbs of place and time : (trạng ngữ không gian thời gian)
+ now then
+ today that day
+ tonight that night
+ tomorrow the following day / the next day/ the day after
+ next week the following week / the next week / the week after
+ yesterday the previous day/ the day before
+ ago before / earlier
G REPORTED SPEECH
1/ Câu mệnh lệnh : a/ “ Stand up, please”
-> He told / asked us to stand up b/ “ Don’t stand up, please”
-> He told/ asked us not to stand up 2/ Câu kể :
* Biến đổi động từ :
Am/ is was Are were V / Vs / es V / ED
Doesn’t/ don’t Didn’t Simple past Simple past Have/ has + pp Had + pp Must Had to
Must not Didn’t have to can / will Could / would biến đổi số từ cụm từ :
this / that these / those now then
today / tonight that day / that night ago before
here there
tomorrow the next day / the following day next Tuesday the next / following Tuesday yesterday the day before / the previous day
last Tuesday the previous Tuesday / the Tuesday before * thay đổi đại từ : I -> he/ she we -> they
You -> we / he/ she