This page will explain the rules for forming the past progressive tense, This page will explain the rules for forming the past progressive tense, and how it is used.. and how it is use[r]
(1)A Guide to Past Tense Verbs
A Guide to Past Tense Verbs
Presented By
Presented By
(2)The word "tense" comes from Latin
The word "tense" comes from Latin
tempus
tempus
,
,
meaning time In grammar, "tense" refers to the
meaning time In grammar, "tense" refers to the
form of the verb itself:
form of the verb itself:
•
Tense indicates completeness or continuance If
Tense indicates completeness or continuance If
the event is complete, it's past; if the event isn't
the event is complete, it's past; if the event isn't
complete, it's present.
complete, it's present.
•
We use past tense (preteritum) to tell about
We use past tense (preteritum) to tell about
something that happened at a specific time in
something that happened at a specific time in
the past, or to tell about something that
the past, or to tell about something that
(3)The
The simple past tensesimple past tense is one of the most common tenses in is one of the most common tenses in English Its form is the same with all subjects It is usually
English Its form is the same with all subjects It is usually
formed by adding -ED to the verb This page will explain the
formed by adding -ED to the verb This page will explain the
rules for forming the tense with regular verbs
rules for forming the tense with regular verbs
*
*The simple past tense regular verbs, are created just by The simple past tense regular verbs, are created just by adding -D or -ED However, with some verbs, you need to
adding -D or -ED However, with some verbs, you need to
also change the ending
also change the ending
Here are some examples: Here are some examples:
•
Verb ending in e, Add –D Verb ending in e, Add –D live - livedlive - lived•
Consonant + y Change y to i, then add –ED Consonant + y Change y to i, then add –ED try - triedtry - tried•
One vowel + one consonant (but NOT w or y) One vowel + one consonant (but NOT w or y)Double the consonant, then add –ED Double the consonant, then add –ED tap tappedtap tapped commit – committed
commit – committed
(4)When the verb in the independent
When the verb in the independent
clause is the past tense, the verb in the
clause is the past tense, the verb in the
dependent clause is usually in a past
dependent clause is usually in a past
tense as well The past tenses are: the
tense as well The past tenses are: the
simple past
simple past
, the
, the
past progressive
past progressive
, the
, the
past perfect
past perfect
, and the
, and the
past perfect
past perfect
progressive
(5)When you are writing about a subject, be sure to
When you are writing about a subject, be sure to
keep it in the same tense throughout your paper
keep it in the same tense throughout your paper
Do This:
Do This:
•
I saw a bear climb a tree, and then I wrote
I saw a bear climb a tree, and then I wrote
about him.
about him.
•
Jenny mixed the cake, while I whipped the
Jenny mixed the cake, while I whipped the
frosting.
frosting.
Do Not Do This:
Do Not Do This:
•
I saw a bear climb a tree, and then I write about
I saw a bear climb a tree, and then I write about
him.
him.
•
Jenny mixes the cake, while I whipped the
Jenny mixes the cake, while I whipped the
frosting.
(6)The
The
simple past
simple past
tense
tense
•
Last year, I
Last year, I
traveled
traveled
to Japan.
to Japan.
•
They never
They never
went
went
to school; they always
to school; they always
skipped
skipped
.
.
•
I
I
finished
finished
work,
work,
walked
walked
to the beach, and
to the beach, and
found
found
a
a
nice place to swim.
(7)In the simple past tense, negative and question forms are
In the simple past tense, negative and question forms are
made using the auxiliary verb "do" (in its past form, "did")
made using the auxiliary verb "do" (in its past form, "did")
followed by the simple form of the main verb
followed by the simple form of the main verb
This page explains the rules
This page explains the rules
•
Simple past statement : I had a car
Simple past statement : I had a car
You ate my toast.
You ate my toast.
•
Informal negative : I didn't have a car.
Informal negative : I didn't have a car.
You didn't eat my toast
You didn't eat my toast
•
Formal negative : I did not have a car.
Formal negative : I did not have a car.
(8)
The past perfect refers to a time
The past perfect refers to a time
earlier than
earlier than
before now
before now
It is used to make it clear that one event happened before
It is used to make it clear that one event happened before
another in the past It does not matter which event is
another in the past It does not matter which event is
mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which one
mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which one
happened first
happened first
•
I
I
had saved
had saved
my document before the
my document before the
computer crashed.
computer crashed.
•
When they arrived, we
When they arrived, we
had already
had already
started
started
cooking.
cooking.
•
The train
The train
had just left
had just left
when I arrived at
when I arrived at
the station.
(9)The
The past progressive tensepast progressive tense is commonly used in English for actions is commonly used in English for actions which were going on (had not finished) at a particular time in the past which were going on (had not finished) at a particular time in the past This page will explain the rules for forming the past progressive tense, This page will explain the rules for forming the past progressive tense, and how it is used
and how it is used
Subject BE-ING FORM Examples:
Subject BE-ING FORM Examples:
•
I was
I was
singing.
singing.
(10)Definition:
Definition:
The Perfect Progressive tense is used to
The Perfect Progressive tense is used to
express the time that has elapsed between two
express the time that has elapsed between two
points in time The Past Perfect Progressive
points in time The Past Perfect Progressive
expresses the time elapsed between the beginning
expresses the time elapsed between the beginning
of a continuous action that began in the past and
of a continuous action that began in the past and
another point in time in the past.
another point in time in the past.
•
The police
The police
had been looking
had been looking
for the robber for two
for the robber for two
months before they finally found him.
months before they finally found him.
(11)Past Tense Verbs
Past Tense Verbs
Regular versus Irregular
Regular versus Irregular
How to Identify Them
How to Identify Them
*
* REGULAR VERBS:REGULAR VERBS:
The The regularregular verbs show past tense simply by adding “d” or “ed” such as: verbs show past tense simply by adding “d” or “ed” such as:
• care becomes carecare becomes caredd and talk becomes talk and talk becomes talkeded This is also true of the past This is also true of the past participles for regular verbs as there is no change in their spelling
participles for regular verbs as there is no change in their spelling
*Examples of regular verbs, (simple past):*Examples of regular verbs, (simple past):
• They They played played football all day.football all day
• He He pitchedpitched a perfect baseball game a perfect baseball game
• Debbie Debbie caredcared for three babies for three babies
• The children The children jumpedjumped rope until lunchtime rope until lunchtime
*Examples of regular verbs, (past participles with their *Examples of regular verbs, (past participles with their helping verbs):
helping verbs):
• They They have playedhave played football all day football all day
• He He has pitchedhas pitched a perfect baseball game a perfect baseball game
• Debbie Debbie has caredhas cared for three babies for three babies
(12)Irregular Verbs
Irregular Verbs
IRREGULAR VERBS:IRREGULAR VERBS:
•
The The irregular irregular verbs are verbs that change in spelling to show their verbs are verbs that change in spelling to show their past tense Mastering the spelling of these irregular verbs must be past tense Mastering the spelling of these irregular verbs must bedone by repetition and studying Their past participle is usually done by repetition and studying Their past participle is usually another spelling of the verb and needs a helping verb such as: another spelling of the verb and needs a helping verb such as: have, having, has or had The main verb with the helping verb have, having, has or had The main verb with the helping verb
forms a perfect tense forms a perfect tense
*Examples of irregular verbs, (simple past):*Examples of irregular verbs, (simple past):
•
More customers More customers ate ate here today than Saturday.here today than Saturday•
Students Students spokespoke at the convention last month at the convention last month•
The flowers The flowers grew grew beautifully in the garden.beautifully in the garden•
She She drankdrank all of the orange juice all of the orange juice
*Examples of irregular verbs (past participles) with their *Examples of irregular verbs (past participles) with their
helping verbs, (past perfect tense):helping verbs, (past perfect tense):
•
More customers More customers have eatenhave eaten here today than Saturday here today than Saturday (13)Works Cited
Works Cited
•
Rodrigues, Dawn, and Myron C Tuman
Rodrigues, Dawn, and Myron C Tuman
Writing
Writing
Essentials
Essentials
2nd ed New York: W W.
2nd ed New York: W W.
Norton and Co Inc., 1999.
Norton and Co Inc., 1999.
•
Aaron, Jane E
Aaron, Jane E
The Little, Brown Essential
The Little, Brown Essential
Handbook for Writers
Handbook for Writers
2nd ed New York:
2nd ed New York:
Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc.,
Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc.,
1997.
1997.
(14)Works Cited
Works Cited
“
“Past Perfect Progressive.” Past Perfect Progressive.” My English TeacherMy English Teacher 2002 15 Dec 2005 2002 15 Dec 2005 <www.myenglishteacher.net/past_perfect_progressive.html> <www.myenglishteacher.net/past_perfect_progressive.html> “
“Summary of Verb Tenses.” Summary of Verb Tenses.” Leo Literacy Education Online Leo Literacy Education Online 22 Sept 22 Sept 2000 15 Dec 2005
2000 15 Dec 2005 <http://<http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/tenseleo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/tense s.html>
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"Forming the Simple Present Tense."
"Forming the Simple Present Tense." English Language Center Study English Language Center Study Zone
Zone 1998-1999 15 Dec 2005 1998-1999 15 Dec 2005 <
<http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pres.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/pres.htm>.> Fulwiler ,Toby, Hayakawa, Alan R
Fulwiler ,Toby, Hayakawa, Alan R The College Writer’s ReferenceThe College Writer’s Reference 33rdrd Ed 2001
(15)Works Cited
Works Cited
• Basic Rules Basic Rules Verbs: Past Tense Verbs: Past Tense 2000 15 Dec 2005 <2000 15 Dec 2005 <
www.stolaf.edu/depts/norwegian/grammar/past-tense.htm
www.stolaf.edu/depts/norwegian/grammar/past-tense.htm>.>
•
"Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling." "Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling." Online Writing Lab.Online Writing Lab 2004 15 Dec 2005 2004 15 Dec 2005
<<http://http://owl.english.purdue.eduowl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar//handouts/grammar/>.>
• ““Online English Grammar.” Online English Grammar.” edufind.com edufind.com 2005 15 Dec 2000.2005 15 Dec 2000
<
// < www.stolaf.edu/depts/norwegian/grammar/past-tense.htmwww.stolaf.edu/depts/norwegian/grammar/past-tense.htm <