Bài viết tập trung tìm hiểu những nguyên nhân gây lỗi trong dịch văn bản chính luận Trung-Việt với mong muốn người dịch, đặc biệt là các sinh viên chuyên ngành phiên dịch sẽ tham khảo để từng bước khác phục tồn tại và nâng cao năng lực dịch.
N G N NGf & Bin S6NG S6 10 (240)-2015 MQT SO NGUYEN NHAN GAY L I TRONG D i c e VAN BAN CHINH LU^N TRUNG -Vlf T SOME REASONS CAUSING MISTRANSLATION OF CHINESE VIETNAMESE POLITICAL DOCUMENTS NGUYfiN THJ MINH (TS; D9i hpc Ngo^i ngu-, DHQG Hd Nfi) Abstract: The article analyzes several reasons leading to the mistranslation of Chinese Vietnamese political documents through specific examples such as misunderstanding the source texts, incorrect expressions, not reviewing the translations, not paying attention to the external factors, etc Key words: political documents; translation; errors; reasons mpt klifiu quan trpng cdn bdn qud trinh djdi, Ddt vdn dg D\ch Id chuyin d^ mft vdn bdn tii mpt ngdn qiayk (^nh vd di^ hudng din todn bf cdc khfiu ngft ndy (nguin) sang mft n ^ n ngft khdc (dfeh) sau nd Dfiy Id trd nggi (^u ti€n vd hi§t sflc phi mft cdch tnmg thdnh chftng myc ed till, cd biln, dnh hudng din chdt lupng djch Cd cdc trudng hpp nhu: khdng hilu Ididng ndm chdc vl nfi dung vd lilnh thflc (M Fyodorov, 1950) Vdn bdn chinh lugn Id logi vdn lidn the hifn ngfl phdp cua cfiu, tfl; khdng hilu tiiy tifn quy nhflng clifnh kien, bpc If nhflng quan diem chfnh chyp ngka cho tft md khdng tra tfl diln hodc xem tri, tu tudng vdi nhflng vdn dl xd hf i ndng bdng x ^ ngtt cdnh Ii€n quan Trong dii djch TrungVfin tidn chfah tu$n thudr^ dl c|ip tdi nhfing Vift, vl hai ngdn ngtt ndy cd nhilu dilm tuong phuang ehdm, chfnh sdch quan trpng cua Ddng vd ^ g , nhfhig tuong ding ay cd mang tgi thu$t Nhd nude Vdn bdn chfah lu|fa thudng dflng If t€ lpi, nhung ciing tgo nhihig chuyin ditiSucyc de soi sdng sy Idfn, gii^ cdng chflng liieu dflng Dang chu y Id cde tft Hdn Vift dd thay dii nghia sytiifit,hudng hp d ^ hogt ^ g tfch cyc, phu hpp so vdi ngh^tixmgnguy€n ngtt tilng iUm Vf dy: vdi quan dilm, tu tudng, ^ d l efla tdc gid ^ ^ tilng Hdn cd nghTa Id "sdn xudt", NhQng ton tgi phi biln djch vdn bdn dd d tilng Vift cd dm Hdn Vift Id "sinli chfnh l u ^ dupc chia theo loi ve til vd loi ve cfiu sdn" Mft vfdy khdc: v l tft, cd trudng hpp djch Ifaiia, djdi thilu, dung iC-fbf=illi Idtiiudtngtt dupe djch hi tilng Anti tix chua chfnh xde, diua thuan Vift, ; ve cfiu, tiiudng cd tli trgt ty cdc thdnh [didn cdu, Culture Indusby "nhfhig hogt dfng sdn xudt, b&o nhu trgng ngfl, ^nh ngfl Trong khudn bM ^ n , {Mn i ^ i cdc sdn phdm vfin hda vd djch vv viet ndy, chung tdi tgp trung tim hilu nhttng tiieo tieu chudn craig n ^ f p " Cflng vdi cdch djch nguyen nhan gdy nhung ^ n tgi ndi tren, vdi mong muon n g i ^ djch, d^ bift td cdc sinh vien ndy cdn cd mft cdch djch khdc td :^-f I^X j|k N ^ chi^en ngdnh f^en djdi sS tham khdo dl tiing tilng Vift sft dyng n g i ^ n fim Hdn Vift U budc khdc phyc ^ n tgi vd ndng cao nfing Iyc djch "vSn hda sdn n g ^ ^ s d n nghifp vfin hda" till sS Mpt sl nguyen nhan gdy lli djch dan doi sai vl nghia Lf ds td ^ tilp Vi^t, vdn ban chfnh lugn Trung - M ^ "sdn nghifp", tiieo Wikipedia vd cung tfieo tir Trong djch, ngudi djch can pim trai qua cdc dirai td "tdi sdn de sinh song vd kmh doanh" VI cdng d ( ^ nhu hilu vfin bdn nguon, tdi tgo vd till, SC^kJ^iUl n&i djch Id "cdng nghifp vfin hda" bieu dgt tgi l ^ g vdn ban dich, roi kiem tra Igi Theo dd, cdc nguy^ nhfin gay loi drpc x6t theo Thit hai id iSi biiu Ogt tity apt l^i Tik^ chft ylu d$p khudn mdy mdc d u trftc cfiu cfla quy trinh dd Thur nhit Id hiiu sai vdn bdn gic l^ku]h tilng Hdn md khdng chft f din cdch bilu dgt cfla S6 10 (240V201S N G N NGf & BOI S6NG 71 ti^ng V i ^ D6i vdi vdn bdn chinh lujn, nguM djch dam bdo "dO an todn" tir giSc d? chinh Uj nen thu6ng i^m chpn phuong dn djch bdm sdt nhat, ddy cung chfah Id m^t nhiing nguySn Bdn djch glc: H i ^ djnh ndy, sau dupc hai nhan dan den djch dip khudn mdy m6c, Idm xuat B6n kf kit hodn thdnh trinh tvr phdp lujt cua mil hifn nhung iSi sai v^ m^ diSi djt Vi dy: nudrc, s6 cd hi$u Ivrc vdo ngdy dupc tiiod thu|in vdn kifn trao dll giiia Chfnh phil hai nude SSffil^* I (Kinhfliuad6ng cM Biii H6ng Phiic, Bdn djch lai: Hifp djnh ndy s6 cd hifu Ivrc tni6ng dodn d^ bilu Vift Nam, dji sur nmSc Vi?t vdo ngdy dupc thod thu^n vdn kifn trao Nam t^i Trung Quoc!) doi gitta Chfdh phii hai nrnSc sau hai Bfn Cdu ndy sai trft tir cdc thdnh phan cau, nen hodn tit cdc thu tyc phdp li ciia mli nude djch ifi Id: Kinh thua d6ng chf Bid H6ng Phuc, Hojc: Sau hai Bfn hodn tit cdc thil tvic E)ji sU nmSc Vi^t Nam tfi Trung Q i ^ , Truing phdp If ctta mli nude, Hifp djnh ndy sg cd dodn diU bieu Vi^ Nam! hifu lyc vdo ngdy dupc thod thu|in vdn kifn trao doi gitta Chfnh phii hai nirdc Thtt ba lido qud bdm sdt vio vdn bin gic Ttong thvic te djch thu$t, ngu6i djch qud bdm vdo Thdr lu, khdng chif din cdc yiu li ngoii vdn bdn g6c, khdngfliodtli khdi m$t ch&, dan din ngdn ngit cttng li mft nguyin nhin lim cho bdn djch khdng "thodt", gupng 6p vk cdu chtt Vi dfeh saL Nlu chi cdn cijr vdo If thuylt djch ca dvi 3: bdn md chuyin djch thi bdn djch sf rit cling nhdc Cdc kl xdo nhd, nhiing v|n dyng thvrc te ngodi ngdn ngtt, ngodi mjt chtt sf giiip bdn djch "nha" hon Ketlu$n Cd nhieu nguyen nhdn din den sai sdt Bdn djch g6c: ( ) hai ben dS ki ( ) "Thda thujn sOa d6i lan thir gida T$p dodn diUi khf djch thuat Ttt gd dO If lujn djch, cy the Id cdc Vift Nam vd T6ng cdng ty dAu khf ngodi khoi cdng dojin djch thu$t, bdi vilt dd bdn v l quoc gia Trung Qu& li6n quan tdi Thda thu^ nhttng nguyen nhdn din din djch sai vdn thdm dd chung khu vyc thda thu|n ngodi bdn chinh lujin Cd loi gdy hilu sai vdn khoi Vjnh Bic B§" vd nhilu vdn kifn hpp bdn glc, cd chua bilu dilt chinh xde, vd rit nhieu lli gdy khdng kilm tra l^i bdn tdc kinh tl khdc djch, khdng chii ^ din cdc ylu t l ngOfli cdnh Cau tilng Trung tren cd xuit h i ^ djnh ngii da Ngudi djch cin sdng suit, nh^y cdm t S n g * H i S i ¥ » a ' A ^ ^ « j a m » * t J f t ' i > ^ ^ djch dl trdnh tfio lli Nhln tit gde d$ khdc, cd thl nghifn ciru chia cdc nguyen nhan chii ^=Jtgf3S1*&Kl8S^I|]S1*CCSra»:»«1*iSt quan vd khdch quan, nguyfn nhdn trvrc tilp vd Bdn djch goc cho thSy, ngudi djch dd hieu dupc nguyfn nhdn gidn tilp Song, bit kl tii gde dO vdn bdn, nhung qud bdm sdt vdo vdn bdn gic ndo, nhttng nguyfn nhdn phdn tfch d tren Id nen dd diln d^ rit rdi Bdn djch lai: ( ) hai b$n nhiing vin d l ngudi djch cin ndm dupc, dk dd kf ( ) "Bdn thda thu|n vl vifc ciing thdm dd tim ta dii sdch khdc phyc nhiing loi sai khu vvrc thda thu|n Vjnh Bdc BO giiia Ting djch thu^t cdng ty diu Vi^t Nam vd ting cdng ty diu md d(U duong Trung Quic" (Chinh sAa ldn thur 4) vd T A I L i f u THAM K H A O C H I N H nhieu vdn kifn hpp tdc kinh tl khdc; Hojlc: Bdn Nguyen Httu Ciu (2004V Li ludn dil thda thu|n giiia Tdng cdng ty diu Vift Nam dich Hdn Viit, Nxb Dji hpc Quoc gia Hd NJi vd ting cdng ty diu md dji duong Trung Quic vl \jj Todn Thing (2008), Ll thuyit trdt tif vifc c i ^ thdm dd khu vvrc thda thu|n Vjnh tir Irong ci phdp, Nxb Dji hpc Quic gia Hd Bdc B§ (Chinh sila lin thii 4) Npi