Thông tin tài liệu
Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group CHUYểNă NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT ă1 CỄCăTHỊă(TENSES) THỊăHI NăT Iă NăSIMPLEăPRESENT V I NG T TH NG Kh ng đ nh: S + Vs/es + O Ph đ nh: S + DO/DOES + NOT + V +O Nghi v n: DO/DOES + S + V+ O ? V I NG T TOBE Kh ng đ nh: S + AM/IS/ARE + O Ph đ nh: S + AM/IS/ARE + NOT + O Nghi v n: AM/IS/ARE + S + O T nh n bi t: always, every, usually, often, generally, frequently Cách dùng: Thì hi n t i đ n di n t m t chân ệý, m t s th t hi n nhiên Vì d : The sun ries in the East Tom comes from England Thì hi n t i đ n di n t thói quen, m t hành đ ng x y th ng xuyên hi n t i Vì d : Mary often goes to school by bicycle I get up early every morning L u Ủ: ta thêm "es" sau đ ng t t n là: O, S, X, CH, SH Thì hi n t i đ n di n t n ng ệ c c a ng i Vì d : He plays badminton very well Thí hi n t i đ n di n t m t k ho ch s p x p tr c t ng lai ho c th i khoá bi u, đ c bi t dùng v i đ ng t di chuy n THỊăHI NăT IăTI PăDI Nă- PRESENT CONTINUOUS Công th c Kh ng đ nh: S + be (am/ is/ are) + V_ing + O Ph đ nh: S + BE + NOT + V_ing + O Nghi v n: BE + S + V_ing + O T nh n bi t: Now, right now, at present, at the moment Cáchădùngăthìăhi năt iăti pădi n Thì hi n t i ti p di n t m t hành đ ng di n k o dài dài m t th i gian hi n t i Ex: The children are playing football now Thì c ng th ng ti p theo sau câu đ ngh , m nh ệ nh Ex: Look! the child is crying Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room Thì di n t hành đ ng x y ệ p ệ p ệ i dùng v i phó t ALWAYS: Ex: He is always borrowing our books and then he doesn't remember Thì cịn đ c dùng đ di n t m t hành đ ng s p x y ( t ng lai g n) Ex: He is coming tomrow L u Ủ: Khơng dùng thí v i đ ng t ch nh n th c chi giác nh : to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love hate, realize, seem, remmber, forget, Ex: I am tired now She wants to go for a walk at the moment Do you understand your lesson? THỊăHI NăT I HOÀNăTHÀNHă- PRESENT PERFECT Kh ng đ nh: S + have/ has + Past participle (V3) + O Ph đ nh: S + have/ has + NOT + Past participle + O Nghi v n: have/ has + S + Past participle + O T nh n bi t: already, not yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recenthy, before Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT Cáchădùngăthìăhi năt iăho năth nh: Thì hi n t i hoàn thành di n t hành đ ng x y ho c ch a bao gi x y th i gian Ệhông xác đ nh Ệh Thì hi n t i hoàn thành c ng di n t s ệ p ệ p ệ i c a hành đ ng kh Thì hi n t i hoàn thành c ng đ c dùng v i since for Since + th i gian b t đ u (1995, I was young, this morning etc.) Khi ng i nói dùng since, ng i nghe ph i tình th i gian For + kho ng th i gian (t lúc đ u t i bây gi ) Khi ng i nói dùng for, ng i nói ph i tình th i gian THỊăHI NăT IăHOÀNăTHÀNHăTI PăDI Nă- PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Kh ng đ nh: S has/have + been + V_ing + O Ph đ nh: S + Hasn't/ Haven't + been+ V-ing + O Nghi v n: Has/HAve+ S+ been + V-ing + O? T nh n bi t: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far Cáchădùngăthìăhi năt iăho năth nh: Thí hi n t i hoàn thành ti p di n nh n m nh kho ng th i gian c a hành đ ng đư x y kh ti p t c t i hi n t i (có th t i t ng lai) THỊăQUỄăKH ă Nă- SIMPLE PAST V I NG T TH NG Kh ng đ nh: S + V_ed + O Ph đ nh: S + DID+ NOT + V + O Nghi v n: DID + S+ V+ O ? V I TOBE Kh ng đ nh: S + WAS/WERE + O Ph đ nh: S+ WAS/ WERE + NOT + O Nghi v n: WAS/WERE + S+ O ? T nh n bi t: yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, las month, last year, last night Cáchădùngăthìăqăkh ăđ n: Thí q kh đ n di n t hành đ ng đư x y k t thúc kh v i th i gian xác đ nh CH T + ợ NG T QUỄ KH When + thí kh đ n (simple past) When + hành đ ng th nh t THỊăQUỄăKH ăTI PăDI Nă- PAST CONTINUOUS Kh ng đ nh: S + was/were + V_ing + O Ph đ nh: S + wasn't/weren't + V-ing + O Nghi v n: Was/Were + S+ V-ing + O? T nh n bi t: While, at that very moment, at 10:00 last night, and this morning (afternoon) Cáchădùngăthìăquáăkh ăti pădi n: Dùng đ di n t hành đ ng đư x y lúc Nh ng hành đ ng th nh t đư x y s m h n đư ti p t c x y thí hành đ ng th hai x y CH T + WERE/WAS + ợ NG TỐ THểM - ING While + kh ti p di n (past progressive) THỊăQUỄăKH ăHOÀNăTHÀNHă- PAST PERFECT Kh ng đ nh: S + had + Past Participle (V3) + O Ph đ nh: S + hadn't + Past Participle + O Nghi v n: Had + S + Past Participle + O? T nh n bi t: after, before, as soon as, by the time, when, already, just, since, for Cáchădùngăthìăqăkh ăho năth nh: Thí q kh hồn thành di n t hành đ ng đư x y k t thúc kh tr khác c ng x y k t thúc kh c hành đ ng Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT THỊăQUỄăKH ăHOÀNăTHÀNHăTI PăDI Nă- PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Kh ng đ nh: S + had + been + V_ing + O Ph đ nh: S + hadn't + been+ V-ing + O Nghi v n: Had + S + been + V-ing + O? T nh n bi t: until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after Cáchădùngăthìăquáăkh ăho năth nhăti pădi n: Thí q kh hồn thành ti p di n nh n m nh kho ng th i gian c a hành đ ng đư x y kh k t thúc tr c hành đ ng khác x y c ng k t thúc kh THỊăT NGăLAIă- SIMPLE FUTURE Kh ng đ nh: S + shall/will + V(infinitive) + O Ph đ nh: S + shall/will + NOT+ V(infinitive) + O Nghi v n: shall/will + S + V(infinitive) + O? Cáchădùngăthìăt ngăl i: Khi đoán (predict, guess), dùng will ho c be going to Khi ch d đ nh tr c, dùng be going to Ệhông đ c dùng will CH T + AM (IS/ARE) GOING TO + ợ NG T ( hi n t i: simple form) Khi di n t s tình nguy n ho c s s n sàng, dùng will Ệhông đ c dùng be going to CH T + WILL + ợ NG T ( hi n t i: simple form) 10 THỊăT NGăLAIăTI PăDI Nă- FUTURE CONTINUOUS Kh ng đ nh: S + shall/will + be + V_ing+ O Ph đ nh: S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O Nghi v n: shall/will +S+ be + V_ing+ O T nh n bi t: in the future, next year, next week, next time, and soon Cáchădùngăthìăt ngăl iăti pădi n: Thí t ng lai ti p di n di n t hành đ ng s x y th i m t CH T + WILL + BE + ợ NG T THểM -ING ho c CH T + BE GOING TO + BE + ợ NG T THểM –ING ng lai 11 THỊăT NGăLAIăHOÀNăTHÀNHă- FUTURE PERFECT Kh ng đ nh: S + shall/will + have + Past Participle Ph đ nh: S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O Nghi v n: shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O? T nh n bi t: by the time and prior to the time (có ngh a before) Cáchădùngăthìăt ngăl iăho năth nh: Thí t ng lai hồn thành di n t hành đ ng t ng lai s k t thúc tr c hành đ ng khác t ng lai CH T + WILL + HAVE + QUỄ KH PHỂN T (PAST PARTICIPLE) 12 THỊăT NGăLAIăHOÀNăTHÀNHăTI PăDI Nă- FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS Kh ng đ nh: S + shall/will + have been + V_ing + O Ph đ nh: S + shall/will + NOT+ have been + V_ing + O Nghi v n: shall/will + S+ have been + V_ing + O? Cáchădùngăthìăt ngăl iăho năth nhăti pădi n: Thì t ng lai hồn thành ti p di n nh n m nh Ệho ng th i gian c a hành đ ng s x y t ng lai s Ệ t thúc tr c hành đ ng Ệhác t ng lai Khi ch d đ nh tr c, dùng be going to Ệhông đ c dùng will CH T + AM (IS/ARE) GOING TO + ợ NG T ( hi n t i: simple form) Khi di n t s tình nguy n ho c s s n sàng, dùng will Ệhông đ c dùng be going to CH T + WILL + ợ NG T ( hi n t i: simple form) Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group CHUYểNă NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT ă2 S ăHOÀăH PăGI AăCH ăNG ăVÀă NGăT ă(SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT) * PH NăI:ăLụăTHUY T TrongăTi ngăAnhăđ ngăt ăph iăphùăh păv iăch ăng c ănó C ăth : • Ch ng s ìt (He, She, It,The boy, The camel,…) đ ng t chia s ìt Ex: The car was new • Ch ng s nhi u chia đ ng t s nhi u Ex: The books were on the top shelf Ex: These women wash their clothes everyday Nh ngăch ăng ătrongăTi ngăAnhăkhôngăph iălúcăn oăc ngăd ăxácăđ nhătheoăs ăítăho căs ănhi uăvìăv yăkhiă xácăđ nhăch ăng ăt ăc năL u ý tr ng h p sau: Ch ăng ăl ăm tăd nhăđ ngăt ,ăđ ngăt ănguyênăth hay m tăm nhăđ :ăđ ngăt ăchi ătheoăngơi th ă3ăs ăít Ex: Walking in the rain is not a good idea Ex: To learn a foreign language is necessary Ex: That you get high grades in the school is very important Ch ăng ăl ăm tănhómăt ăăthìăph iătìm t ăchínhăv ăchi ăđ ngăt ăphùăh păv iăt ăđó Ex: A list of new books has been posted in the library Ex: The shops along the mall are rather small S1 + of/ as well as/ with/ together with/ in addition to/ along with/ accompanied by/ no less than +S2 => ngăt ăhò ăh păv iăS1 Ex: The professor together with his three students has been called to court Ex: The mayor as well as his councilmen refuses to endorse the bill Ex: The students along with their form teacher were at the beach yesterday Ch ăng ăl ăđ iăt ăb tăđ nh: one, everyone, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, anything, something, nothing, everything => ngăt ăchi ăs ăít Ex: Nobody is at home now Ex: Is there anybody here? Ex: Everything has been all right so far Ch ăng ăkép: a• S1+ANDă+S2ă+ầ=>ă ngăt chi ătheoăch ăng ă ăs ănhi u Ex: England, Scotland and Wales form Great Britain Ex: EJohn and I are cousins Ex: The headmaster and the teacher are talking *But: The secretary and accountant hasn't come yet (M t ng i làm hai nhi m v ) The great doctor and 'discoverer is no more Whisky and soda has always been his favourite drink (trong tr ng h p danh t n i v i b ng AND nh ng chúng ch ng i, b ho c n i v i tr ng h p ch ng i thí d u hi u nh n bi t danh t th khơng có THE, cịn v i b ho c n thí tùy vào ý c a ng i nói) Ex: - Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain Ex - Fish and chips make a good meal (If we think of the items as "separate", we use plural verb) Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT NOTE: "Each" or "every" preceding singular subjects joined by "and" takes a singular verb, Ex: Each boy and each girl is to work independently b• S1+ OR +S2 => ngăt hị ăh păv i S2: Ex: Has your mother or father given you permission to use the car? c •Either+S1+ or + S2 V hòa h p v i S2: Neither+ S1+Nor +S2 Ex: Neither the students nor their teacher regrets the approach of summer • EACH/EVERY/EITHER/NEITHER + singular noun of + plural noun / pronoun + singular verb • ALL / BOTH / FEW /A FEW/ MANY / SEVERAL / SOME + plural noun PLURAL VERB of + plural noun / pronoun • ALL/ SOME /LITTLE/A LITTLE +Non count noun singular verb of+ Non count noun Ch ăng ăl danh t t păh p dùngănh ă1ăđ năv =>Văchi ătheoăSăăs ăít (GROUP / JURY/ ARMY / FAMILY / CLASS /COMMITTEE / TEAM /ENEMY/ COUNCIL ) Ex: The football team practises every day Ex: The herd of elk is in the meadow Ex: The family arrives together at 00 *Danh t t păh p ch ăt ngăth nhăviên =>Văchi ătheoăSăs ănhi u Ex: The football team buy their own uniforms Ex: John has just arrived and now the family are all here *Các danh t nh : the police, the military, the people,ăc ttle,ăpoultry,ăclergy,ầăăăăă=>ăăVăchi ă theoăSăs ănhi u Ex: The police are questioning him *** D nhăt ăt păh păđ căhìnhăth nhăb iăăbyă"theă+ă djective"ă=>ăVăchi ătheoăSăs ă nhi u Ex: The sick need medical care and tenderness Ex: The American people don't trust the news **** D nhăt ăt păh pănh ăFURNITUREă/ăLUGGAGEă/ăINFORMATIONă/ăKNOWLEDGEă/ăTRAFFICă / EQUIPMENT / SCENERY / MACHINERY (khôngăb oăgi ăcóă_Săv iănh ngăd nhăt ăn y)ă=>ăVăchi theoăSăs ăít Ex: The furniture was more expensive than I thought Ex: Traffic is heavy Ex: The traffic has increased rapidly in the downtown areas Ch ăng ăl nhómăd nhăt ăch ăs ăl ng (kho ngăth iăgi năđoăl l ng) =>V chia theo Săs ăít Ex: Twenty-two inches is a tiny waist measurement Ex: Fifty dollars seems a reasonable price ng,ătr ngăl ng,ăth ătích,ăs *Phân s /ph nătr mă+ăNă(s ăít)ă => V chia theo S s Ít Ex: A quarter of the cake is gone + N(s ănhi u) => Vchia theo S s ănhi u Ex: Half of the tables are occupied *The majority of + N (s ệt) => V chia theo S s ệt Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT + N (s ănhi u) => Vchia theo S s ănhi u Ex: The majority of the customers are happy Tiêu ®Ị sáchăbáo,ătênăc ăqu n,ăt ăch căđo năth ,ăqu căgi ,ădùăvi tă ăs ănhi uă->ăđ ngăt ăchi theoăSăs ăít Ex: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales includes many humorous characterizations Ex: The Malay States is now part of the Federation of Malaysia Các danh t ch b nhăt t,ămônăh c,ămônăth ăth o,ătênăn c,ăth ăđô: news, means, series, billiards, mathematics, species, measles, mumps, rickets, mathematics, economics,, linguistics, physics, phonetics, athletics, politics, statistics, Algiers, Athens, Brussels, Marseilles, Naples, the Philippines, the United Nations, the United States, Wales .) => đ ng t chia theo S s Ít Ex: The morning news is on at o'clock Ex: Measles is sometimes serious 10 Những danh t sau ®i s ănhi u (glasses, scissors (keo), pants, shorts, jeans, tongs (cai kep), pliers (kim), tweezers (nhip), eye-glasses, ear-rings ) ngăt chia theo S s ănhi u Ex: My trousers are torn Ex: These scissors are dull But:- A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days - This pair of scissors is sharp 11 THE NUMBER OF +N(s ănhi u)=> ngăt ăchi ătheoăs ăít Ex: The number of road accidents is increasing 12 A NUMBER OF +N (s ănhi u) => ng t chia theo S s nhi u Ex: A number of spectators were injured 13 No + singular noun + singular verb: plural noun + plural verb: Ex: No example is right in this case Ex: No examples are right in this case 14 None of the + non-count noun + -singular verb plural noun + plural verb Ex: - None of the counterfeit money has been found Ex: - None of the students have finished the exam yet 15 It + be + noun / pronoun (in the subject form) Ex - It is they who provide the modem medical aids Ex- Go and tell them it is I who did it 16 There + be + noun: (đ ng t ph thu c vào danh t ) Ex: There have not been many large-scale epidemics lately Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group CHUYểNă DANHă NGăT ăVÀă NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT ă3 NGăT ăNGUYểNăTH ă(GERUND AND INFINITIVE) * PH NăI:ăLụăTHUY T I GERUND: Ch ng: Dancing bored him painting believing watching films on Tv id, mind, enjoy M tăs ăcáchădùngăđ căbi t: a Verb + V-ing:ăD nhăđ ngăt ătheoăs uăm tăs ăđ ngăt : Propose (= suggest) Finish Admit: thú nh n Quit: t b Forgive: tha th Anticipate: trơng mong, mong Like: thìch Recollect: nh l i đ i Resent: c m thù Love: yêu thìch Avoid: tránh Recall: g i nh / recollect Imagine: t ng t ng Appreciate: tán thành Resume: cho r ng Involve: dình lìu, liên quan Consider: xem x t Resist: kháng c , ng n c n Keep: gi , ti p Delay: hoưn l i Risk: m o hi m Mind: phi n Defer: trí hoưn Remember/ forget Miss: l , nh Deny: t ch i Suggest: g i ý Mention: đ c p Detest: gh t Stop/ begin/ start Pardon: tha th , tha l i Dislike: khơng thìch Understand: hi u Prefer Dread: s Discuss: th o lu n Prevent: ng n ng a Enjoy: thìch thú Hate: ghét Postpone: hoưn l i Escape: tr n thoát Practice: th c hành Excuse: th l i Prevent Fancy: đam mê I appreciate your giving me o much of your Ex: He admitted taking the money time / I appreciate being given this opportunity Avoid over-eating He detests writing letters He didn‘t want to risk getting wet I can‘t understand his/ him leaving his wife ChúăỦ: excuse, forgive, pardon, prevent không tr c ti p theo sau b i danh đ ng t mà theo sau b i: Possessive adjective/ pronoun + danh đ ng t ho c pronoun + preposition + danh đ ng t Appreciate th ng theo sau b i tình t s h u ho c danh đ ng t d ng b đ ng Ex: Forgive my/ me ringing you up so early Forgive me for ringing you up so early You can‟t prevent his/ him spending his own money You can‟t prevent him from spending his own money Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT b common phrasal verbs + V-ing:ă(s uăm tăs ăc măđ ngăt ) carry on, end up, give up, go round, keep on, put off, set about… c Expression + V-ing:ăM tăs ăth nhăng ătheoăs uăb iăV-ing - have fun/ a good time + V-ing: vui v … - have trouble/ difficulty + V-ing: - have a hard time/ difficult time + V-ing - spend + time/ money + V-ing (present participle) He spends hours studying English every day - waste + time/money + V-ing: - sit + Danh t n i ch n + V-ing: she sat at her desk writing a letter - stand + danh t n i ch n + V-ing - lie + danh t n i ch n + Ving - can‘t help = can‘t bear = can‘t stand = can‘t resist (không th ch u đ c) I can‟t bear hearing his lies I can‟t stand seeing him here - it is no good / it is no use (vơ ìch / khơng có ìch): It‟sănoăuse phoning him at this time - there‘s no point in … - What‘s the point of… - to be busy b nr n My mother is busy cooking in the kitchen - to be worth đáng This book is worth reading - be use to = get used to = be accustomed to : quen v i - S + prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing: thìch làm gí h n làm gí = S + would rather Vinf than Vinf d go + gerund đ ch m t ho t đ ng đ c bi t đó: (Present participle) - go fishing câu cá go hunting go bowling go jogging - go shopping mua s m go camping go sightseeing go sailing - go swimming b i go dancing go running … - go hiking b dư ngo i go birdwatching go boating go canoening - go mountain climbing * C m gi i t theo sau b i V-ing: be excited/ worried about V-ing complain keep (someone) dream about/ of + V-ing prevent (someone) from V-ing talk stop (someone) think apologize blame (someone) forgive (someone) be responsible thank (someone) be tired be waste for V-ing of V-ing believe be interested succeed in addition look forward in V-ing to V-ing * Prepositionă+gerundă(gi iăt ă+gerund): Be interested in (thìch thú) think about (ngh v ) Insist on (kh ng kh ng v ) talk about (nói v ) apologize for (xin l i v ) instead of (thay ví) Be accustomed to be / get used to look forward to (mong đ i) be familiar with quen /thìch nghi v i NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT The perfect gerund: Form: having Vpp The perfect gerund đ c s d ng thay the present form of gerund (V-ing) đ c p t i m t hành đ ng đư hoàn t t kh : Ex: He was accused of having stolen her money He denied having been there The passive gerund: Form: being + past participle (present) Having + been + Vpp (past) Ex: She hates being called a dull The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche I am interested in being given money by my mother He was punished by being sent to bed without any supper The safe showed no signs of having been touched II INFINITIVES: ng t nguyên th Ch ng: - Làm ch ng c a câu: (cùng v i đ ng t : appear, seem, be) Ex: To save money now seems impossible = It seems impossible to save money (more usual) - Làm b ng c a đ ng t (be): Ex: His plan is to keep the affair secret - Làm tân ng c a đ ng t : Ex: He wants to play - Ch m c đìch: He learns English to sing English songs - Sau m t s tình t : Bare infinitive (infinitive without to) c dùng sau đ ng t make, have v i ngh nguyên c (causative) The Brown made their children clean their room The guest had the porters carry their luggage upstairs c dùng sau đ ng t giác quan nh see, hear, feel,notice, taste, smell, We incidentally saw the plane crash into the moutain The man noticed his assistant leave work earlier than usual *ăchúăỦ: Feel, hear, see, watch, smell, findă+ăOă+ăVingă(presentăp rticiple):ăb tăg pă iăđóăđ ngăl măgì Feel, hear, see, watch, smell, find + O + bare inf.: th yă iăđóăđưăl măgì u c dùng sau đ ng t let help My brother let me use computer The parents helped their children set up the tent c dùng sau đ ng t khuy t thi u tr đ ng t : can, could, will, shall, would, should, used to, had better, need, ought to, do, did … Trong c u trúc: would rather + bare infinitve/ had better To – infinitive: A Toăinfinitiveăs uăđ ngăt : D ng1: V + TO INFINITIVE : M agree: đ ng ý aim: nh m m c đìch appear: có v arrange: s p x p t s đ ng t theo sau to infinitive ask: yêu c u attempt: c g ng bother: phi n care: đ ý NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT choose: ch n 10 claim: công b 11 decide: quy t đ nh 12 demand: yêu c u Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT 13 determine: đ nh đo t 14 fail: th t b i 15 guarantee: b o đ m 16 happen: x y 17 hesitate: d 18 hope: hy v ng 19 learn: h c 20 manage: xoay x 21 neglect: l đưng 22 offer: đ ngh 23 plan: có k ho ch 24 prepare:chu n b 25 pretend: gi v 26 proceed: ti p n i 27 promise: 28 prove: ch ng t 29 refuse: t ch i 30 resolve: nh t quy t 31 seem: 32 swear: th 33 tend: có xu h ng 34 threaten: d a 35 volunteer: tính nguy n 36 vow: d d 37 wish 38 want 39 need 40 wait 41 expect 42 intend 43 would like/ would love 44 beg 45 begin/ start 46 afford: đ kh n ng 47 be willing 48 be able 49 expect 50 intend 51 beg: c u kh n 52 prefer NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT Page 10 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT Ta dùng kì hi u /'/ đ t đ u âm ti t có tr ng âm chình Trong nh ng t nhi u âm ti t có tr ng âm chình tr ng âm ph đ c bi u th /,/ Eg: father/'f :Ụ /, indication/,indi'kei∫n/, representative/,repri'zent tiv/,… B M tăs ăquyăt căđánhătr ngăâm: Tr ng âm ch r i vào nh ng âm ti t m nh (âm ti t ch a nguyên âm m nh, nguyên âm đôi ho c nguyên âm dài) Âm ti t y u không nh n tr ng âm I/ăTr ngăâmă ăt ăcóă2ăâmăti t: 1) a s đ ng t có âm ti t âm ti t th nh n tr ng âm chính: Eg: es/cape, for/get, be/gin, ac/cept Tuyănhiênăcóăm tăs ăđ ngăt ăngo iăl : / promise, /answer, /enter, /listen, /offer, /happen, /open 2) a s danh t tính t âm ti t có tr ng âm r i âm ti t th nh t: Eg: /butcher, /standard, /busy, /handsome Ngo iăl :ăma/chine, mis/take, a/ lone, a/ware, 3) M t s t v a danh t , v a đ ng t có tr ng âm khơng đ i: ad/vice/ ad/vise, /visit, re/ply, tra/vel, /promise, /picture; 4) Cịn l i đa s t có âm ti t mà có ch c n ng tr ng âm thay đ i theo ch c n ng c a t : / record(noun)/ re/cord (verb), /present(noun)/ pre/sent (verb), /desert(noun)/ de/sert(verb) II/ăNh ngătr ngăh păkhácă 1) Các t có t n b ng h u t sau có tr ng âm r i vào âm ti t đ ng tr c h u t -tion: pro/tection compu/tation - ial ; ially: me/morial, in/dustrial, arti/ficially, e/ssentially - sion: de/cision, per/mission Ngo i l : /television / / -itive: com petitive, sensitive -logy: e/cology, tech/nology -graphy; -etry: ge/ography, trigo/nometry -ity: a/bility, ne/cessity -ic; -ical: ar/tistic, e/lectric, po/litical, /practical Ngo iăl : /Arabic, a/rithmatic, /Catholic, /politics 2) Các t có t n b ng h u t sau có tr ng âm r i vào âm ti t cách h u t âm ti t -ate: con/siderate, /fortunate -ary: /necessary, /military Ngo iăl : docu/mentary, ele/mentary, supple/mentary, extra/ordinary 3) Nh ng h u t sau th ng đ c nh n tr ng âm -ee: de/gree, refe/ree Ngo iăl : com/mittee, /coffee - eer: mountai/ner, engi/neer - ese: Japa/nese, Chi/nese - ină(ch ăápăd ngăchoăđ ngăt ): re/main, con/tain -aire: questio/naire, millio/naire - ique: tech/nique, an/tique - esque: pictu/resque 4) M t s ti n t h u t thêm vào không làm thay đ i tr ng âm c a t a Ti năt : * un-: /healthy un/healthy, im/portant unim/portant … * im-: ma/ture imma/ture, /patient im/patient… * in- : com/plete incom/plete, sin/cere insin/cere … * ir- : \/relevant ir/relevant, re/ ligious irre/ligious … * dis: con/nect discon/nect, /courage dis/courage … * non-: /smokers non/smokers, /violent non/violent… * en-: /courage en/courage, /vision en/vision … Page 87 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT * re-: a/rrange rea/rrange, /married re/married … * over-: /crowded over/crowded, /estimate over/estimate … * under-: de/veloped underde/veloped, /pay under/pay … Ngo iăl : /understatement, /undergrowth, /underground, /underpants b H uăt : -ful: / beauty / beautiful, /wonder /wonderful … -less: /thought /thoughtless, /hope /hopeless … -able: /comfort /comfortable, /notice /noticeable … -al: /season /seasonal, tra/dition tra/ditional … -ous: /danger /dangerous, /poison /poisonous … -ly: /similar /similarly, di/rect di/rectly … -er/ -or: /actor, /worker, /reader … -ise/ -ize: /memorize, /modernize, /industrialize … -ing: be/gin be/ginning, su/ggest su/ggesting … -en: / length / lengthen, /strength /strengthen … -ment: en/joyment, a/musement, /government … -ness: /happiness, /thoughtlessness … -ship: /sportmanship, /relationship, /scholarship, … -hood: /neighborhood, /brotherhood … strength 5) Tr ng âm t ch s đ m: thir‘teen, ‗thirty / four‘teen, ‗forty / fif‘teen, ‗fifty … Tuy nhiên m u tr ng âm có th thay đ i Ệhi t ch s đ m xu t hi n câu Vì d : đ ng tr c danh t thí tr ng âm c a là: ‗nineteen people 6) Tr ng âm t gh p a H u h t danh t gh p tính t gh p có tr ng âm r i vào âm ti t đ u tiên / dishwasher, /filmmaker, /typewriter, /praiseworthy, /waterproof, /lightning-fast … Ngo iăl : duty-/free, snow -/white b Tính t gh p có t đ u tiên tính t ho c tr ng t tr ng âm r i vào t th 2, t n đ ng t phân t Eg: well-/done, well-/informed, short-/sighted, bad-/tempered c Các tr ng t đ ng t gh p có tr ng âm r i vào âm ti t th up/stairs, down/stairs, down-/grade, ill-/treat,… 7) Tr ng âm c a đ ng t thành ng (Phrasal verbs): a N u c m đ ng t thành ng có ch c n ng ệà m t danh t tr ng âm r i vào âm ti t th nh t Eg: 'setup (n): s thu x p 'upset (n): s qu y r y 'holdup (n): v c p 'lookout (n) ng i xem 'checkout (n): vi c toán đ r i (Khách s n, ) etc…… b N u c m đ ng t thành ng có ch c n ng ệà m t đ ng t tr ng âm r i vào âm ti t th hai Eg: to set 'up: thu x p to up 'set: làm th t v ng, to hold 'up: c m, gi to check 'out: tr phòng to look 'out: canh ch ng etc… CHUYểNă K ăN NGă 19 Că(READING SKILLS) Page 88 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT A CLOZE TESTS A cloze test consists a text passage with some certain word removed (cloze text), test taker must replace the missing words from the given options Usually students are given four choices One choice is the best answer The second is almost as good The third is off the point The fourth is the opposite of the correct answer • First, slowly read all the text without filling any of the gaps Read it two or three times until you have a clear understanding of what the text is about • Then only complete the gaps you are absolutely sure of • Next try and find out what the missing words in the remaining gaps are See which part of speech may fit in each gap (article?, pronoun?, noun?, adverb?, adjective?, preposition?, conjunction?, verb?) and pay special attention to the grammar around the words in each gap Many of the gaps may include the following: - preposition following a noun, adjective or verb (Example: good at languages) - prepositional phrase (Example: in spite of) - adverb (Example: He moved to London two years ago) - connector (Example: First, he arrives; then he sits down; finally, he leaves.) - conjunction (Example: Although he is five, he can speak five languages - auxiliary verb (Example: He has won matches) - an article or some other kind of determiner (Example: I have no time) - a relative (Example: Bob, who I met two years ago, is my best friend) - a pronoun, either subject or object (Example: it is difficult to know) - is there a comparative or superlative involved? (Example: she's taller than me) • Some sentences may seem to be complete and contain gaps that appear to be unnecessary If you find gaps like this, you will probably need the following: - an adverb (Example: He is always late) - a modal verb (Example: They can swim very well) - a word to change the emphasis of the sentence: She's good enough to be queen - The problems are too difficult • A few gaps may demand a vocabulary item consistent with the topic of the text; or a word which is part of an idiomatic expression (example: Good heavens!); or a word which collocates with another one (example: a job); or a word which is part of a phrasal verb (example: I was held up by traffic) B READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES FOR THE READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS Skim the reading passage to determine the main idea and the overall organization od ideas in the passage You not neeed to understand every detail in each passage to answer the questions correctly It is therefore a waste of time to read the passage with the intent of understanding every single detail before you try to answer the questions Look ahead at the questions to determine what types of questions you must answer Each type of questions is answered in a different way Find the section of the passage that deals with each question The question type tells you exactly where to look in the passage to find correct answers - For main idea questions, look at the first line of each paragraph - For directly and indirectly answered detail questions, choose a key word in the question, and skim for that key word (or a related idea) in order in the passage - For vocabulary questions, the question will tell you where the word is located in the passage Page 89 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT - For overall review questions, the answers are found anywhere in the passage Read the part of the passage that contains the answer carefully The answer will probably in the same sentence (or one sentence before or after) thekey word or idea Choose the best answer to each question from the four answer choices listed You can choose the best answer according to what is given in the appropriate section of thepassage, eliminate definitely wrong answer, and mark your best guess on the answer sheet Questions about the ideas of the passage SKILL I: ANSWER MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS CORRECTLY MAIN IDEA QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE What is the topic of the passage? QUESTION What is the subject of the passage? What is the main idea of the passage? What is the author‘s main point in the passage? With what is the author primarily concerned? Which of the following would be the best title? WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION The answers to this type of question can generally be determined by looking at the first sentence of each paragraph Read the first line of each paragraph Look for a common theme or idea in the first lines Pass your eyes quickly over the rest of the passage to check that you have really found the topic sentence(s) Eliminate any definitely wrong answers and choose the best answer from the remaining choices SKILL 2: RECOGNIZE THE ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE QUESTION WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS How is the information in the passage organized? How is the information in the second paragraph related to the information in the first paragraph? The answer to this type of question can generally be determined by looking at the first sentence of the appropriate paragraphs Read the first line of each paragraph Look for words that show the relationship between the paragraphsp Choose the answer that best expresses the relationship SKILL 3: ANSWER STATED DETAIL QUESTIONS CORRECTLY STATED DETAIL QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE According to the passage… QUESTION It is stated in the passage… The passage indicates that… Which of the following is true ? Page 90 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION The answers to these questions are found in the passage Choose a key word in the question Skim in the appropriate part of the passage for the key word or idea Read the sentence that contains the key word or idea carefully Eliminate the definitely wrong answers and choose the best answer from the remaining choices SKILLă4:ăFINDă“UNSTATED”ăDETAILS “UNSTATED”ăDETAILăQUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE Which of the following is not stated…? QUESTION Which of the following is not mentioned…? Which of the following is not discussed…? All of the following are true except… WHERE TO FIND THE The answers to these questions are found in order in the passage ANSWER HOW TO ANSWER THE Choose a key word in the question QUESTION Scan the appropriate place in the passage for the key word (or related idea) Read the sentence that contains the key word or idea carefully Look for the answers that are definitely true according to the passage Eliminate those answers Choose the answer that is not true or not discussed in the passage SKILL 5: FIND PRONOUN REFERENTS PRONOUN REFERENTS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE The pronoun ―…‖ in line X refers to which of the following? QUESTION WHERE TO FIND THE The line where the pronoun is located is given in the question ANSWER The noun that the pronoun refers to is generally found before the pronoun HOW TO ANSWER THE Locate the pronoun in the passage QUESTION Look before the pronoun for nouns that agree with the pronoun Try each of the nouns in the context in place of the pronoun Eliminate any definitely wrong answers and choose the best answer from the remaining choices SKILL 6- ANSWER IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS CORRECTLY IMPLIED DETAIL QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE It is implied in the passage that … QUESTION It can be inferred from the passage that … It is most likely that … What probably happened … ? Page 91 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT WHERE TO FIND THE ANSWER HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION The answers to these questions are generally found in order in the passage Choose a key word in the question Scan the passage for the key word (or a related idea) Carefully read the sentence that contains the key word Look for an answer that could be true, according to that sentence SKILL 7: ANSWER TRANSITION QUESTIONS CORRECTLY TRANSITION QUESTIONS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE The paragraph preceding the passage probably … QUESTION What is the most likely in the paragraph following the passage? WHERE TO FIND THE The answers can generally be found in the first line of the passage ANSWER for a preceding question The answer can generally be found in the last line for a following question HOW TO ANSWER THE Read the first line for a preceding question QUESTION Read the last line for a following question Draw a conclusion about what comes before or after Choose the answer that is reflected in the first or last line of the passage SKILL 8: FIND DEFINITIONS FROM STRUCTURAL CLUES STRUCTURAL CLUES HOW TO IDENTIFY THE What is the meaning of ―X‖ in line Y? QUESTION The word ―X‖ in line Y is closest in meaning to… The word ―X‖ in line Y could best to replaced by… TYPES OF CLUES Punctuation comma, parentheses, dashes Restatement or, that is, in other words, i e Examples such as, for example, e g WHERE TO FIND THE Information to help you determine what something means will ANSWER generally be found the punctuation clue, the restatement clue, or the example clue HOW TO ANSWER THE Find the word in the passage QUESTION Locate any structural clues Read the part of the passage after the structural clue carefully Eliminate any definitely wrong answers and choose the best answer from the remaining choices SKILL 9: DETERMINE MEANINGS FROM WORD PARTS When you are asked to determine the meaning of a long word that you not know in the reading sec The following chart contains a few word parts that you will need to know A SHORT LIST OF WORD PARTS PART MEANING EXAMPLE PART MEANING EXAMPLE CONTRA (against) contrast DIC (say) dictate MAL (bad) malcontent DOMIN (master) dominant MIS (error) mistake JUD (judge) judgment SUB (under) subway MOR (death) mortal Page 92 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT DEC MULTI SOL TRI (ten) (many) (one) (three) decade multiple solo triple SPEC TERR VER VIV (see) (earth) (turn) (live) spectator territory divert revive SKILL 10: USE CONTEXT TO DETERMINE MEANINGS OF DIFFICULT WORDS VOCABULARY QUESTIONS CONTAINING DIFFICULT WORDS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE What is the meaning of ―X‖ in line Y? QUESTION The word ―X‖ in line Y is closest in meaning to… WHERE TO FIND THE Information to help you understand the meaning of an unknown ANSWER word can often be found in the context surrounding the unknown word HOW TO ANSWER THE Find the word in the passage QUESTION Read the sentence that contains the word carefully Look for context clues to help you understand the meaning Choose the answer that the context indicates SKILL 11: USE CONTEXT TO DETERMINE MEANINGS OF SIMPLE WORDS VOCABULARY QUESTIONS CONTAINING SIMPLE WORDS HOW TO IDENTIFY THE What is the meaning of ―X‖ in line Y? QUESTION The word ―X‖ in line Y could best to replaced by… WHERE TO FIND THE Information to help you understand the secondary meaning of a ANSWER simple word can often be found in the context surrounding the word HOW TO ANSWER THE Find the word in the passage QUESTION Read the sentence that contains the word carefully Look for context clues to help you understand the meaning Choose the answer that the context indicates SKILL 12: DETERMINE WHERE SPECIFIC INFORMATION IS FOUND QUESTIONS ABOUT WHERE IN THE PASSAGE HOW TO IDENTIFY THE Where in the passage… ? QUESTION WHERE TO FIND THE The answer can be in any of the lines listed in the answers to ANSWER the question HOW TO ANSWER THE Choose a key word or idea in the question QUESTION Skim the appropriate part(s) of the passage looking for the key word or idea Choose the answer that contains the key word or idea SKILL 13: DETERMINE THE TONE, PURPOSE, OR COURSE TONE, PURPOSE, OR COURSE HOW TO IDENTIFY THE What is the tone of the passage? QUESTION What is the author‘s purpose in this passage? In which course would this reading be assigned WHERE TO FIND THE tone Look for clues throughout the passage that show if ANSWER the author is showing some emotion rather than just pressing facts purpose Draw a conclusion about the purpose from the main idea and supporting ideas Page 93 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT course HOW TO ANSWER THE QUESTION Tone Purpose course Draw a conclusion about the course from the topic of the passage and the supporting ideas Skim the passage looking for clues that the author is showing some emotion Choose the answer that identifies the emotion Study the main idea in the topic sentence and the details used to support the main idea Draw a conclusion about the purpose Study the main idea in the topic sentence and the details used to support the main idea Draw a conclusion about the course COLORS AND EMOTIONS Colors are one of the most exciting experiences in life I love them, and they are just as important to me as emotions are Have you ever wondered how the two are so intimately related? Color directly affects your emotions Color both reflects the current state of your emotions, and is something that you can use to improve or change your emotions The color that you choose to wear either reflects your current state of being, or reflects the color or emotion that you need The colors that you wear affect you much more than they affect the people around you Of course they also affect anyone who looks at or sees you, but you are the one saturated with the color all day! I even choose items around me based on their color In the morning, I choose my clothes based on the color or emotion that I need for the day So you can consciously use color to control the emotions that you are exposed to, which can help you to feel better Colors, sound, and emotions are all vibrations Emotions are literally energy in motion; they are meant to move and flow This is the reason why real feelings are the fastest way to get your energy in motion Also, flowing energy is exactly what creates healthy cells in your body So, the fastest way to be healthy is to be open to your real feelings Alternately, the fastest way to create disease is to inhibit your emotions Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage? A Colorful clothes can change your mood B Emotions and colors are closely related to each other C Colors can help you become healthy D Colors are one of the most exciting Question 2: Which of the following can be affected by color? A Your need for thrills B Your friend‘s feeling C Your appetite D Your mood Question 3: Who is more influenced by colors you wear? A The people around you are more influenced B Neither A nor C C You are more influenced D Both A and C Question 4: According to the passage, what color, sound, and emotion all have in common? A They all affect the cells of the body B are all forms of motion C They are all related to health D None of the above Question 5: According to this passage, what creates disease? A Wearing the color black B Exposing yourself to bright colors Page 94 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT C Being open to your emotions D Inhibiting your emotions Question 6: The word “intim tely” in paragraph is closest in meaning to: A clearly B closely C obviously D simply Question 7: The word “they” in paragraph refers to……… A emotions B people C colors D none of the above Question 8: Why does the author mention that color and emotions are both vibrations? A To show how color can affect energy levels in the body B Because they both affect how we feel C To prove the relationship between emotions and color D Because vibrations make you healthy Question 9: The phrase “s tur tedăwith” in paragraph is cệosest in meaning to…………… A bored with B in need of C covered with D lacking in Question 10: What is the purpose of the passage? A To persuade the reader that colors can influence emotions and give a person move energy B To show that colors are important for a healthy life C To give an objective account of how colors affect emotions D To prove the relationship between color and emotion CHUYểNă ă20 CH CăN NGăGIAOăTI P (COMMUNICATION SKILL) *ăPH NăI:ăLụăTHUY T Bài t p v ch c n ng giao ti p bao g m nh ng m u đ i tho i ng n, th ng d ng h i tr l i gi a hai đ i t ng A B M c đìch c a d ng t p ch n ph n khuy t đ hoàn thành đo n h i tho i ng n I Thuăth păv ăxácăđ nhăthôngătin Câuăh iăCó-Khơngă(Yes-No question) Câu h i: b t đ u b ng tr đ ng t : am, is, are, was, were, do, does, did, will, would, have, may might, can, could Câu tr l i: b t đ u b ng ―Yes‖ ho c ―No‖ đ a thêm thơng tin Ta c ng có th tr l i b ng: - I think/ believe/ hope/ expect/ guess so (Tôi ngh / tin/ hy v ng/ mong/ đoán th ) - Sure/ Actually/ Of course/ Right (D nhiên/ Ch c ch n r i.) - I don‘t think/ believe/ expect/ guess so (Tôi không ngh / tin/ mong/ cho r ng th ) - I hope/ believe/ guess/ suppose not (Tơi hy v ng/ tin/ đốn/ cho không.) - I‘m afraid not (Tôi e r ng không.) Câuăh iăch năl ă(Orăquestions) Câu h i: th ng ch a t ―or‖ yêu c u ph i l a ch n m t ph ng án Câu tr l i: câu ch n m t hai s l a ch n đ c đ a câu h i Ta không dùng t ―Yes‖ ho c ―No‖ đ tr l i câu h i Vì d : Are they Chinese or Japanese? – They‘re Japanese Pork or beef?- Beef, please/ I‘d prefer beef Câuăh iăcóăt ăđ ăh iă(Wh-questions) Câu h i: b t đ u b ng t đ h i nh what, which, who, whose, where, when, why, how đ thu th p thông tin Câu tr l i: c n cung c p thông tin nêu câu h i Vì d : What did he talk about?- His familly What was the party like?- Oh, we had a good time Page 95 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT Which of these pens is your?- The red one How often you go to the cinema?- Every Sunday Why did he fail the exam?- Because he didn‘t prepare well for it Câuăh iăđuôiă(T găquestions) Câu h i: th ng dùng đ xác nh n thông tin v i ng u xu ng cu i c u h i Câu tr l i: c ng gi ng nh câu h i Có-Khơng Vì d : Jane left early for the first train, didn‘t she?- Yes, she did Peter made a lot of mistakes again, didn‘t he?- Right, he did H iăđ ngăho căl iăch ăd nă( skingăforădirectionsăorăinstructions) L i h i đ ng: - Could you show me the way to ? (Anh làm n ch đ ng đ n ) - Could you be so kind to show me how to get to ? (Anh có th vui lòng ch đ ng đ n ) - Is there a bank near here?/ Where‘s the nearest bank? ( có ngân hàng khơng?/ Ngân hàng g n nh t đâu v y?) L i đáp: - Turn left/ right (R trái/ ph i.) - Go straight ahead for two blocks and then turn left ( i th ng qua hai dưy nhà r i r trái.) -Keep walking until you reach/ see (C th ng đ n anh đ n/ th y ) - It‘s just around the corner (Nó góc đ ng.) - It‘s a long way You should take a taxi (M t quưng đ ng dài đ y Anh nên đón taxi.) - Sorry, I‘m new here/ I‘m a stranger here myself (Xin l i, m i đ n vùng này.) - Sorry, I don‘t know this area very well (Xin l i, không rành khu v c l m.) L i xin đ c ch d n: - Could you show me how to operate this machine? (Anh làm n ch cho cách v n hành chi c máy này.) - Could you tell me how to ? (Anh hưy ch cho làm th đ .) - How does this machine work? Do you know? (Cái máy ho t đ ng th nào? Anh có bi t khơng?) L i đáp: - First, Second, Then, Finally, (Tr c h t K đ n Ti p theo Cu i ) - The first step is , then (B c đ u tiên , r i ) - Remember to (Hưy nh ) - Well, It‘s very simple (À, đ n gi n l m.) II Qu năh ăxưăgi o Ch oăh iăv ăgi iăthi uă(greetingă ndăintroducing) Chào h i: - Good morning/ afternoon/ evening (Chào.) - Hi/ Hello Have a good day (Chào Chúc anh m t ngày t t lành.) - How are you?/ How have you been?/ How are the things? (Anh d o th nào?.) L i đáp câu h i chào: - Good morning/ afternoon/ evening (Chào.) - Hi/ Hello (Chào.) - Nice/ Pleased/ Glad/ Great to meet you (Hân h nh/ R t vui đ c g p anh.) - Hi I am Peter Anh you? (Chào Tơi tên Peter Cịn anh?) - Have we met before? (Tr c đư g p ch a?) - It‘s a lonely day, isn‘t it? (Hôm m t ngày đ p tr i, ph i không anh?) Gi i thi u: - I would like to introduce you to / to you (Tôi mu n gi i thi u anh v i / v i anh.) - I would like you to meet (Tôi mu n anh đ c g p g v i ) - This is ( ây ) - Have you two met before? (Tr c đay hai anh đư g p ch a?) L i đáp câu gi i thi u: - How you ? (Hân h nh đ c g p anh) Page 96 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT - -Nice/ Pleased/ Glad/ Great to meet you (Hân h nh/ R t vui đ c g p anh.) L iăm iă(invit tion) L i m i: - Would you like to (Anh có mu n ?) - I would like to invite you to (Tôi mu n m i anh ) - Do you feel like/ fancy having ? (Anh có mu n ) - Let me ( ) ng ý l i m i: - It is a great idea (ụ ki n t.) - That sounds great/ fantastic/ wonderful/ cool/ fun (Nghe có v hay đ y.) - Yes, I‘d love to (Vâng, r t thich.) - Why not? (T i không nh ?) - OK, let‘s that ( c, c nh th đi.) T ch i l i m i: - No, thanks (Không, c m n.) - I‘m afraid I can‘t (Tôi e r ng không th ) - Sory, but I have another plan (Xin l i, nh ng tơi có k ho ch khác r i.) - I‘d love to but (Tôi mu n l m nh ng ) - Some other time, perhaps (L n khác v y nh ) R ăv ăv ăch oăt măbi t (leaving and saying goodbye) Báo hi u s hi u chào t m bi t: - I‘m afraid I have to be going now/ I have to leave now (E r ng bây gi i ph i đi.) - It‘s getting late so quickly (Tr i mau t i quá.) - I had a great time/ evening (Tôi r t vui/ có m t bu i t i r t t v i.) - I really enjoyed the party and the talk with you (Tơi th t s thìch bu i ti c trò chuy n v i anh.) - Thank you very much for a lovely evening (C m n v bu i t i t v i.) - Good bye/ Bye (T m bi t.) - Good night (T m bi t.) L i đáp: - I‘m glad you had a good time (Tôi r t vui anh đư có th i gian vui v ) - I‘m glad you like it (Tôi r t vui anh thìch nó.) - Thanks for coming (C m n anh đư đ n.) - Let‘s meet again soon (H n s m g p l i nh ) - See you later (H n g p l i.) - Good bye/ Bye (T m bi t.) - Good night (T m bi t.) - Take care (Hưy bào tr ng.) Khenăng iăv ăchúcăm ngă(complimentingă ndăcongr tul ting) L i khen ng i: - You did a good job! Good job! (Anh làm t t l m.) - What you did was wonderful/ desirable/ amazing (Nh ng gí anh làm đ c th t t v i/ đáng ng m / kinh ng c.) - You played the game so well (Anh ch i tr n đ u r t hay.) - Congratulations! (Xin chúc m ng.) - You look great/ fantastic in your new suit (Anh trông th t t b đ m i.) - Your dress is very lovely (Chi c áo đ m c a ch th t đáng yêu.) - You have a great hairstyle! (Ki u tóc c a b n th t t!) - I wish I had such a nice house ( c gí tơi có ngơi nhà xinh x n nh th này.) L i đáp: - Thank you I‘m glad you like it (C m n R t vui anh thìch nó.) - You did so well, too (Anh c ng làm r t t t.) ng Page 97 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT - Your garden is fantastic too (Ngôi v n c a anh c ng t v y.) - Thank you I like yours too (C m n Tơi c ng thìch ) C mă nă(th nking) L i c m n: - Thank you very much for (C m n r t nhi u v ) - Thank you/ Thanks/ Many thanks (C m n r t nhi u.) - It was so kind/ nice/ good of you to invite us (Anh th t t t / t t đư m i ) - I am thankful/ grateful to your for (Tôi r t bi t n anh ví ) L i đáp: - You‘re welcome (Anh đ c chào m ng.) - Never mind/ Not at all (Khơng có chi.) - Don‘t mention it / Forget it (Có gí đâu ng nh c n a.) - It‘s my pleasure (to help you) (Tôi r t vui đ c giúp anh.) - I‘m glad I could help (Tơi r t vui có th giúp đ c anh.) - It was the least we could for you (Chúng tơi đư có th làm đ c h n th n a.) Xinăl iă( pologizing) L i xin l i: - I‘m terribly/ awfully sorry about that (Tôi h t s c xin l i v u đó.) - I apoligize to you for (Tôi xin l i anh v ) - It‘s totally my fault ( ó hồn tồn l i c a tôi.) - I didn‘t mean that Please accept my apology (Tôi không c ý làm th Xin hưy ch p nh n l i xin l i c a tôi.) - It will not happen again I promise (Tơi h a u s khơng x y n a.) - I shouldn‘t have done that (L đư không làm th ) - Please let me know if there is anything I can to compensate for it (Hưy nói cho tơi bi t tơi có th làm gí đ bù đ p l i u đó.) L i đáp: - It doesn‘t matter (Không đâu.) - Don‘t worry about that ( ng lo.) - Forget it/ No problem/ Never mind/ That‘s all right/ OK (Không sao.) - You really don‘t have to apologize (Th t anh không c n ph i xin l i đâu.) - OK It‘s not your fault ( c r i ó khơng ph i l i c a anh.) S ăc măthôngă(symp thy) L i di n đ t s thông c m: - I‘m sorry to hear that (Tôi l y làm ti c bi t r ng ) - I feel sorry for you (Tôi l y làm ti c cho anh.) - I think I understand how you feel (Tơi ngh tơi có th hi u đ c c m giác c a anh th nào.) - You have to learn to accept it (Anh ph i h c cách ch p nh n u thơi.) L i đáp: - Thank you very much (C m n r t nhi u.) - It was very kind/ nice/ thoughtful/ caring/ considerate of you (Anh th t t t/ t t / sâu s c/ chu đáo.) III Yêuăc uăv ăxinăph p Yêuăc uă(m kingărequests) L i yêu c u: - Can/ Could/ Will/ Would you please ? (Anh làm n ) - Would you mind+ V-ing ? (Anh có phi n khơng n u ?) - Would it be possible ? (Li u có th ) - I wonder if (Tơi t h i khơng bi t có đ c không.) L i đáp: ng ý: - Sure/ Certainly/ Of course (D nhiên đ c.) Page 98 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT - No problem (Khơng v n đ gí.) - I‘m happy to (Tơi sưn lịng.) T ch i: - I‘m afraid I can‘t I‘m busy now/ I‘m using it (Tôi e r ng không th Bây gi b n/ tơi dùng nó.) - I don‘t think it‘s possible (Tôi cho không th đ c.) - It‘s OK if I it later? (Lát n a có đ c không?) Xin ph p (asking for permission) L i xin ph p: - May/ Might/ Can/ Could I ? (Xin ph p cho ?) - Do you mind if I ?/ Would you mind if I ? (Anh có phi n khơng n u ?) - Is it OK if ? (Li u có n khơng n u ?) - Anyone mind if (Có phi n khơng n u ) - Do you think I can/ could ? (Anh có ngh tơi có th ?) L i đáp: ng ý: - Sure/ Certainly/ Of course/ Ok (T t nhiên r i.) - Go ahead/ You can (C t nhiên.) - Do it! Don‘t ask (C làm đi! ng h i.) T ch i: - I‘m afraid you can‘t (Tôi e r ng không đ c.) - I don‘t think you can (Tôi cho r ng không đ c.) - No, you can‘t/ No, not now (Khơng Bây gi thí khơng.) IV Th năphi năho căch ătrích L i than phi n ho c ch trìch: - You should have asked for permission first (L anh ph i xin ph p tr c.) - You shouldn‘t have done that (L anh không nên làm u đó.) - Why didn‘t you listen to me? (Sao anh l i không ch u nghe nh ?) - You‘re late again (Anh l i tr ) - You damaged my mobile phone! (Anh l i làm h ng chi c n tho i di đ ng c a r i!) - No one but you did it (Anh ch không khác làm u đó.) L i đáp: - I‘m terribly sorry I didn‘t meant that (Tôi thành th t xin l i Tôi không c ý làm v y.) - I‘m sorry but I had no choice (Xin l i nh ng tơi khơng cịn s l a ch n khác.) - I‘m sorry but the thing is (Tôi xin l i nh ng chuy n th ) - Not me! (Không ph i tôi!) V B yăt ăqu năđi măc ăng iănói ngăỦăho căkhơngăđ ngăỦ (agreeing or disagreeing) ng ý: - I (totally/ completely/ absolutely) agree with you (Tơi hồn tồn đ ng ý v i anh.) - Absolutely/ definitely (D nhiên r i.) - Exactly! (Chình xác!) - That‘s true / That‘s it ( úng v y.) - You are right There is no doubt it (Anh nói Ch ng cịn nghi ng gí v u n a.) - I can‘t agree with you more (Tơi hồn tồn đ ng ý v i anh.) - That‘s just what I think (Tôi c ng ngh th ) - That‘s what I was going to say (Tơi c ng đ nh nói v y.) Không đ ng ý ho c đ ng ý m t ph n: - You could be right but I think (Có th anh nh ng ngh ) - I may be wrong but (Có th tơi sai nh ng ) - I see what you mean but I think (Tôi hi u ý anh nh ng ngh ) - I just don‘t think it‘s right that (Tôi không cho u ) Page 99 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT - I don‘t quite agree because (Tôi không h n đ ng ý b i ví ) - You‘re wrong there (Anh sai r i.) - Personally, I think that (Cá nhân tơi thí cho r ng ) H iăv ăđ ăr ăỦăki nă( skingăforă ndăexpressingăopinions.) L i h i ý ki n: - What you think about ? (Anh ngh gí v ?) - Tell me what you think about (Hưy chi bi t anh ngh gí v ) - What is your opinion about/ on ? (ụ ki n c a anh v nh th nào?) - How you feel about ? (Anh th y th v ?) L i đ a ý ki n: - In my opinion,/ Personaly (Theo tơi thí ) - I my view, (Theo quan m c a tôi, ) - It seems to me that ( i v i tơi có v ) - As far as I can say (Theo đ c bi t thí ) - I strongly/ firmly think/ believe/ feel that (Tơi hồn tồn ngh / tin/ c m th y ) - I must say that (Tơi ph i nói r ng ) L iăkhuyênăho căđ ăngh ă( dvisingăor making suggestions) L i khuyên ho c đ ngh : - If I were you, I would (N u tơi anh thí tơi s ) - If I were in your situation/ shoes, I would (N u tơi hồn c nh c a anh thí tơi s ) - It‘s a good idea to ( m t ý hay đ y.) - You should/ had better (Anh nên ) - It is advisable/ recommendable to (Anh nên ) - I would recommend that (Tôi khuyên ) - Why don‘t you ? (Sao anh không ?) - What about/ How about ? (Còn v thí sao?) - Shall we ?/ Let‘s (Chúng ta hưy ) L iăc nhăbáoă(w rning) L i c nh báo: - You should/ had better or/ if not (Anh nên n u khơng thí ) - You should/had better Otherwise, (Anh nên n u khơng thí ) Vì d : You should wear a safety helmet while riding or you‘ll get a fine You shouldn‘t smoke in here Otherwise, you‘ll ruin the carpet L i đáp: - Thank you/ Thanks (C m n.) - I will it (Tôi s làm th ) L iăđ ăngh ăgiúpăđ ă(offering) L i đ ngh giúp đ : - Can/ May I help you? ( giúp anh.) - Let me help you ( giúp anh.) - How can I help you? (Tơi có th giúp gí cho anh?) - Would you like some help?/ Do you need some help? (Amh có c n giúp khơng?) Ch p nh n l i đ ngh giúp đ : - Yes, please (Vâng) - That is great (Th t t.) - That would be great/ fantastic (Th t t.) - It would be nice/ helpful/ fantastic/ wonderful if you could (R t t n u anh có th làm v y.) - Thanks That would be a great help (C m n c anh giúp thí tơt q.) - As long as you don‘t mind ( c ch n u anh không phi n.) T ch i l i đ ngh : - No, please (Không, c m n.) Page 100 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NGăANHăTHPT - No That‘s OK (Không đâu.) - Thanks, but I can manage (C m n, nh ng làm đ c.) Víăd ăminhăh ă1: Ch n m t ph ng án thìch h p t ng ng v i A, B, C ho c D đ hoàn thành câu sau: - Mike: ―Our living standards have been improved greatly ‖ - Susan: ― ‖ A Thank you for saying so B Sure I couldn‘t agree more C No, it‘s nice to say so D Yes, it‘s nice of you to say so H ng d n: B: áp án Mike đ a ý ki n c a minh (expressing opinion) v m c s ng hi n t i (Living standards) Susan đ a l i tán thành v i Mike (expressing degrees of agreement) Sure Iăcouldn‟tă greeămore (=I agree with you completely!) (Ch c ch n th Tơi hồn toàn đ ng ý v i anh.) A: ―Thank you for saying so ‖ đ c dùng đ c m n m t l i khen C: ―No‖ có ngh a ph đ nh không dùng đ c v i ‖ it‘s nice to say so‖ (B n th t t t nói nh th ) D: ―Yes, it‘s nice of you to say so‖ đ c dùng đ đáp l i m t l i khen Víăd ăminhăh ă2: Ch n m t ph ng án thìch h p t ng ng v i A, B, C ho c D đ hoàn thành câu sau: - ―Do you feel like going to the stadium this afternoon?‖ - ― ‖ A I don‘t agree I‘m afraid B I feel very bored C You‘re welcome D That would be great H ng d n: ―Do you feel like going to the stadium this afternoon?‖ (Anh có mu n đ n sân v n đ ng chi u không?) ( ây câu đ ngh ) D: áp án ―That would be great ‖ ( i u th t t.) ây l i đáp tr c câu đ ngh A: Ph ng án sai ―I don‘t agree I‘m afraid ‖ (Tôi e r ng không đ ng ý.) Câu nêu s không đ ng ý, nh ng n u ng i th hai không đ ng ý v i l i đ ngh thí ng i t ch i nêu lý B: Ph ng án sai ―I feel very bored ‖ (Tôi c m th y chán n n.) Câu không liên h ch t ch v i câu đ ngh C: Ph ng án sai ―You‘re welcome ‖ (R t vui đ c ti p anh.) Víăd ăminhăh ă3: Ch n m t ph ng án thìch h p t ng ng v i A, B, C ho c D đ hoàn thành câu sau: - Cindy: ―Your hairstyle is terrific, Mary!‖ - Mary: ― ‖ A Yes, all right B Thanks, Cindy I had it done yesterday C Never mention it D Thanks, but I‘m afraid H ng d n: Cindy: ―Your hairstyle is terrific, Mary!‖ Cindy: ―Mary, ki u tóc c a ch t qua ‖ ây l i khen ng i Mary đáp l i l i khen ng i b ng cách c m n B: áp án ―Thanks, Cindy I had it done yesterday ‖ (C m n Cindy Hôm qua nh ng i làm đ u l i.) A: ―Yes, all right ‖ (Vâng, đ c r i.) ây l i cho ph p làm gí C: ―Never mention it ‖ (Khơng có chi.) Câu dùng đ đáp l i l i c m n, D: ―Thanks, but I‘m afraid ‖ (C m n, nh ng e không th đ c.) ây l i t ch i m t yêu c u I/ă – nh ph nhăh ngăchungămônăh c: c tr ng c a môn Ti ng Anh ki n th c xuyên su t có liên quan v i t n m sang n m nh ng vòng tròn đ ng tâm m r ng Các ch đ ng pháp đ c h i đ minh h a không c t p nh nh ng n m tr c nh ng l i d gây nh m l n yêu c u h c sinh ph i có ki n th c n n t ng Page 101 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net ... https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NG? ?ANH? ?THPT 3) Dùng c m danh t (đ ng cách danh t / ng đ ng v ) Dùng m nh đ quan h có d ng: Which/ăWho+ăBEă+ăDANHăT ă/C MăDANHăT ă/ăC MăGI... beg: c u kh n 52 prefer NG ăPHỄPăTI NG? ?ANH? ?THPT Page 10 https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NG? ?ANH? ?THPT D ng2: V + O + TO INFINITIVE - Danh t / đ i t làm tân ng (objects) sau,... care: đ ý NG ăPHỄPăTI NG? ?ANH? ?THPT choose: ch n 10 claim: công b 11 decide: quy t đ nh 12 demand: yêu c u Page https://TaiLieuOnThi.Net Tài Liệu Ôn Thi Group NG ăPHỄPăTI NG? ?ANH? ?THPT 13 determine: đ
Ngày đăng: 02/05/2021, 01:18
Xem thêm:
