Ngữ pháp tiếng anh là những cấu trúc về ngữ pháp trong tiếng anh chỉ những sự đặt câu đúng trật tự, đúng quan hệ và hài hòa giữa các từ ngữ và yếu tố. Ngữ pháp giúp bạn tạo nên một câu hoàn chỉnh, quy phạm nhằm truyền đạt các thông tin một cách chính xác, bài bản và khoa học nhất.
bản , ^ PPhiên hi mớinhât NE NEW 55ITION TheWindy I TÙ S ẦC H G IỨ P H Ọ C TỐ T T IÉ N G A N H ^ G IẢ IT H ÍC H NGŨ PHAP TIEN®ANN ■ Tổng hợp vấn đề ngữ pháp tiếng Anh thơng dụng ■ Giải thích rõ ràng, dễ hiểu cách dùng quy luật mà người học cấn nắm vững ■ Các dạng tập phong phú giúp người học củng cô nâng cao kiến thức Đ H NHÀ x u ấ t b n G ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC Ị ĐẠI LỢI - HƯƠNG GIANG {Chủ biên) G lồl THÍCH NGỮ PHÁP TI6NG ANH Hiệu dính: NGỌC MAI & NHUNG ĐỎ Tổng hợp n h ữ n g vấn đề n g ữ p h áp tiến g A nh thông đ ụ n g n h ấ t [=£> Giải th ích rõ ràng, dễ hiểu cách dừng quy lu ật m người học cần nắm vững c=£> Các dạng tập phong phú giúp ngưòỉ học củng cố nâng cao kiến th ứ c NHÀ XUẨT BẢN ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI Banquyen © thuộc công ty cổ phần sách MCBooks Theo h ợ p ^ đồng chuyển nhượng công ty cổ phần sách MCBooks nhóm tác giả The Windy - Phan văn LỢi (Đại LỢi - Hương Giang) chủ biên Bất chép không đồng ý công ty cổ phần sách MCBooks bất hợp pháp vi phạm luật xuất Việt Nam, luật quyền quốc tế, công ước Berne bảo hộ quyền sở hữu trí tuệ MọỊý kiến góp cùa Q độc giả xin g ù í về: Ban Blân tập sách ngoại ngữ The windy - Công ty cổ phần sách MCBooks 26/245 Mal DỊch - Câu Giấy - Hà NỘI ĐT: 0437921466 Ematt: thewindyQmcbooks.vn LỜI NÓI ĐÀU B ạn đọc th ân mến! gày tiểng Anh coi ngôn ngữ quốc tế Biết tiếng Anh bạn khơng chi có hội giao tiếp với người từ khắp nơi ừên giới, m cỏ hội chinh phục kho tri thức mênh mơng cùa nhân loại, tìm hiểu sống, văn hóa, người nhiều nước khác Hẳn bạn biết ngữ pháp có vai ừò đặc biệt quan trọng việc học tiếng Anh tảng bổ ợ đắc lực cho kỹ năng: nghe, nói, đọc, viết Muốn thực hành kỹ khác cách hiệu bạn phải nắm kiến thức ngữ pháp Trên thị trường sách phong phú có nhiều loại sách ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, nhiên người học mong muốn tlm m ột sách hệ thổng cách bản, đầy đủ chi tiết vấn đề ngữ pháp tiếng Anh Đáp ứng u cầu chúng tơi xin mắt bạn đọc “Giải thích n g ữ p h áp tiếng A nh” , Cuốn sách tổng hợp chủ điểm ngữ pháp bản, đầy đủ, dễ hiểu, kèm c TỪ LOẠI TRONG TIÉNG ANH (t h e PARTS OF SPEECH) ương ĐẠI TỪ (PRONOUN) I ĐỊNH NGHĨA; Đại từ từ dùng để thay danh từ II CÁC LOẠI ĐẠI TỪ: Đại từ nhân xưng (personal pronouns): Đại từ nhân xưng đại từ dùng để chi người, nhóm người, vật a Hình thức (form); Đại từ nhân xưng có hình thức chủ ngữ tân ngữ hồn tồn khác (trừ you ít) NGƠI SỐ ÍT (SINGULAR) (P E R S O N ) I CH1y tâ n NGỮ' SỚ NHIÈU (PLURAL) N G H ịA NGỪ ■ CHỹ tân ■: NGỮ n g h ĩa N G H ĨA NGŨ' NGƠI I Me Tơi We us Chúng tơi NGƠI You you Bạn You you Các bạn NGÔI He Him Anh They them Họ, chúng She Her Chị It Ị 1 Nó b Cách dùng: Đại từ nhân xưng dùng để thay thể cho danh từ không cần thiết sử dụng lặp lại xác danh từ cụm danh từ Eg: John’s broken his leg He’ll be in hospital for a few days (John bị gãy chân Anh nằm viện vàỉ ngày.) » Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh > - Chủ ngữ động từ - Bỗ ngữ động từ to be: Eg: I love you Eg: It was I who chose this color (Anh u em.) (Chính tơi chọn màu này.) - T ân ngữ trự c tiếp gián tiếp - T ân ngữ giới từ động từ (direct object or Eg: He said he couldn’t live without indirect object of a verb) her Eg: They called us on the telephone (Anh ẩy nói anh ẩy (Họ gọi điện thoại cho chứng tơi.) sổng thiểu ấy.) Uru ý: Hình thúc tân ngữ thường dùng đại tị đứng sau be Eg: Who spilt coffee all over the table? Me/ Sony, it was me (Ai ỉàm đổ cà phê bàn? Tôi đẩy/Xỉn lỗi, đẩy.) But: Who spilt coffee all over the table? - did (Ai ỉàm đồ cà phê bàn?- Tôi làm đổ đẩy.) M ột sổ cách dùng i t - I t thường dùng thay cho vật, động vật, trẻ sơ sinh trẻ nhỏ (khi giới tính khơng biết khơng quan trọng.) Eg: I’ve bought a new watch It’s very expensive (Tôỉ vừa mua đồng hồ Nó đắt.) The baby next door kept me awake It cried all night (Đứa bề nhà bên cạnh làm thức giấc Nó khóc đêm J - It dùng để chi người muốn xác định người Sau xác định dó nam hay nữ ta dùng he she đẻ thay Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ► Eg: Who was it on the telephone? It was Vicky She just called to invite you to her birthday party (Ai gọi điện thoại đẩy ? Là Vicky Cô ẩy gọi để mời bạn tới bừa tiệc sinh nhật cô ấy.) - Đại từ it (điều đó; nó) dùng đế hành động, tình ý tưởng nói đến cụm từ câu trước Eg: When the factory closes, it means 500 people losing their job (Khi nhà máy đóng cửa đồng nghĩa với việc 500 người thất nghiệp.) - Đại từ ỉt dùng chủ ngừ già để nói thời tiết, thời gian, nhiệt độ, khoảng c c h Eg: It’s raining heavily (Trời mưa tầm tã.) It’s half past eight now (Bây tám ba mươi phút.) - I t dùng làm chủ ngữ giả chủ ngữ thật câu động từ nguyên mẫu, danh động từ mệnh đề cuối câu Eg: I was impossible to get a taxi at that time (To get a taxi was impossible at that time) (Có lẽ lức ẩy tơi khơng thể bẳt chiểc taxỉ.) It’s always sad saying goodbye to someone you love (Saying googbye to someone you love is always sad) (Sẽ rẩt buồn phải nói lời chia tay với người mà u thương.) - It cịn dược đùng tân ngữ giả, theo sau tính từ danh từ bổ nghĩa cụm từ hay mệnh đề Eg: I found it difficult to explain to him (Tôi nhận thật khổ để giải thích cho anh ấy.) - Đại từ đùng vói động từ “to be” để nhấn mạnh cho từ cụm từ câu Eg: It was Jim who lent us money (Jim người cho chúng (ôi vay tiền.) It was three weeks later that he heard the news (Đã ba tuần kể từ ơng ẩy nhận tin đó.) - Đại từ it đồi sử dụng đặc ngữ có tính chẩt thân mật Eg: Hang it all, we can’t wait for him all day (Thật bực mình, khơng thể đợi ngày được) ¥ Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ►7 When I see him, I’ll have it out with him (Gộp tơi nói cho vỡ lẽ được) If the teacher sees you doing that, you’ll catch it (Thầy mà thấy mày làm mày liệu hồn) Ì2TÌ Đại từ sở hữu (possessive pronouns): Đại từ SỜ hừu hình thức sờ hữu đại từ nhân xưng (personal pronouns), dùng để vật thuộc người a Hình thức (form): PERSONAL PRONOUNS (Dại tử nhân xưng) ; :p o s s e s s i y e M O no ^ ^ ® , (Dại tù so hull) I Mine You We Yours They Ours Theirs He His She Hers It khơng có dạng đại từ sở hữu, ĩts dạng tính từ sở hữu it b Cách dừng: ♦ Đại từ sở hữu thường dùng khơng có danh từ theo sau Nó thay cho tính từ sớ hữu + danh từ (possessive adjective + noun) Eg: Can I borrow your keys? I can’t find mine (Tơi mượn chìa khóa bạn khơng? Tơi khơng thấy chìa khóa tơi Mine = my keys,) Eg: You are using my pen Where’s yours? (Bạn dùng bút tớ Bút bạn đâu? Yours = your penj ♦ Đại từ sở hữu dùng trước danh từ mà thay tbế Eg: Ours is the third house on the left (Nhả nhà thứ ba bên tay trái.) ♦ Không dùng mạo từ truớc đại từ sờ hữu Eg: That coat is mine That coat is the mine (Cái áo tơi.) i Giải ỉhích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ► \Lirii Ý: Đồi 'khí ta đại từ sở hữu đứng sau giới từ of Sự kết hợp QQQ gọi sởhừu kép (double possessive) Eg: Tom is a friend of mine (Tom ỉà người bạn tôi.) (a friend of mine = one of my friends) I borrowed some magazines of yours (Tôi mượn vài tạp chí cùa bạn.) (some magazines of yours = some of your magazines) 57] Đại từ phản thân đại tử nhấn mạnh (reflexive and emphatic pronouns): a Hình thức (form): Đại từ phàn thân đại từ nhấn mạnh có chung hình thức: PERSONAL PRONOUNS REFLEXIVE/ EM PHATIC PRONOUNS (đại tù' nhân xưng) (đụi từ phản thân/ nhấn mạnh) I You Myself Yourself He Himself She It Herself Itself We You Ourselves They Themselves Yourselves, yourself b Cách dùng: Đại từ phản thân đùng làm tân ngữ động từ hành động động từ chủ ngữ thực tác động lại chủ ngữ Nói cách khác đại từ phản thân dùng chủ ngữ tân ngữ hành động đổi tượng Eg: When the policeman came in, the gunman shot him (Khỉ viên cảnh sát bước vào, tên cướp bẳn ('him = policed Eg: When the policeman came in, the gunman shot himself (Khi viên cảnh bước vào, tên cướp tự sát (him = the gunman Jane looks at herself in the mirror (Jane soi gương.) ►Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh > We’ve looked ourselves out (Chúng tự nhốt bên ngồi.) This regrigerator defrosts itself (Tù lạnh tự rã đơng.) Ngồi chủ ngữ mệnh đề, đại từ phàn thân cịn có thề chi thành phần khác câu Eg: His letters are ail about himself {Thư hoàn toàn viết thân anh ta.) I love you for yourself, not for your money (Tơi u em vĩ thân em khơng phải tiền cùa em.) lư u ý: Đại từ phản thân dùng sau giới từ, sau giới từ chi vị trí (preposition o f place) thường đàng đại từ nhân xung Eg: I’m annoyed with myself (Tôi cảm tháy tire giận với thân mình.) But: Mike didn’t have any money with him (Mike chẳng có chút íiền người.) In the mirror I saw a lorry behind me (Qua gương, tơi nhìn xe tải đằng sau mình.) - Đạỉ từ nhẩn mạnh (emphatic pronouns): Đại từ hhấn mạnh có hình thức với đại từ phản thân, dùng để nhấn mạnh đanh từ đại từ Đại từ nhẩn mạnh thường đứng sau từ nhấn mạnh cổ nghĩa “chính người đó, vật đó” I spoke to the president himself (Tơi nói chuyện với ngài tổng thống.) The film itself wasn’t very good but I like the music (Bản thân phtm không hay thích phần nhạc phim.) Khi nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ, đại từ nhấn mạnh đứng cuối câu Eg: I saw him it myself (Chính mat tơi thấy làm điều đó.) I myself saw him it c By + onesetf = alone, without help: By myseif/ yourself/ him self có nghĩa “một mình” (alone) khơng có giúp đỡ (without help) Eg: He likes living by himself (Ạnh ta thích sổng mình.) (He likes living alone) Do you need any help? - No thanks I can it by myself (Bạn có cần giúp khơng? - Khơng, cảm ơn Tơi làm điều mình) (I can it without help.) 10 Giài thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ^ XI than him/than he does as them/ as they have been as me/ as I as you/ as you than us/ than we were than me/I did than her/ than she is XII ✓ ✓ quicker —►quickest 1 —» me/I am elder —►older 11 as —* than I more —♦ as of 12 ✓ in weter —►wetter 13 rich —»richest more and more hot —►hotter and hotter 14 much —> many 15 ✓ XIII l.c a a c d S a a b d 10 c xrv This hotel is the most expensive, The sun is hotter than the moon You are more patient than I am/ me The table/ the desk is as big as the desk/the table Prices just get higher and higher The skirt is more expensive than the dress This crossword is the least difficult They were getting more and more excited It’s the most romantic story I ’ve ever read 10 A bus is less expensive than a taxi y Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ►577 CHƯƠNG 11: S ự ĐẢO NGỮ (INVERSION) I he would never did I remember passed so high were the waves when Peter hasarrived was Ĩ than was I aware 10 should you leave early II Never before had she been so happy Never have I heard such nonsense! Never in my life have I seen such a mess Never have our profits been higher than/ as higher as they are this year Never again would she trust her own judgment when buying antique Never before had the firm laid on such a sumptuous celebration Never have I come across such a horrifying film Never have I been so moved by a Shakespeare production Never for one moment did I think the consequences would be so far reaching 10 Never before had I tasted such a wonderful combination of flavours III In no way can Keith be held responsible for the accident In no way are the children themselves to blame for the disaster In no way is the existence of extraterrestrial life confirmed by the report At no time was I shown how to operate the machine At no time did he suspect that he was a witch At no time has the English language not been in a state of change Under no circumstance will Miss Weaver be offered the job Under no circumstance should you send money to us by post Under no circumstance can we exchange tickets 10 On any account will I go all that way to visit him again IV Not only is he your friend, but he’s mine too Not only did he book tickets for the afternoon performance but he also booked for the evening performance as well 578 i Giải thích ngữ pháp tlổng Anh ► Not only did the burglars steal a thousand pounds’ worth of electrical goods, they also left the flat in an awful mess Not only was Tom late, but he had left all his books behind Not only will you enhance your posture but you will (also) improve your acting ability (as well) on this course Not for one moment is it worth considering his suggestion /is his suggestion worth considering Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy Not once did the manager offer is an apology Not a sound did she make as she crept upstairs 10 Not until he retired did he think about having a holiday abroad V Only when I got home did I realize how dangerous the situation had been Only last week did the Agriculture Minister admit defeat Only after seeing Hamlet on the stage did I understand it Only after they had finished eating did they get round to business Only after they waited for twelve hours did their flight leave Only after did I realize who she was Only by (using) force could the door be opened Only when Tom’s apologized will I agree Only when you buy all twelve books at the same time can/will you get the 40% discount 10 Only by training hard can/will/could you become a good athlete VI Should the government be forces into another election, it would be the favorite to win Should you wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and 11.00 Should you have further problems with your printer, contact your deal for advice Should you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April Should we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately > Giải thích ngữ phảp tiếng Anh ►579 Should you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order Should the film be a box- office success, they may be a sequel Should you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here VII Were the chemical to leak, a large area of sea would be contaminated Were Germany to beat, they would face Italy in the final Were Mr Morgan still headmaster, he would not permit such bad behavior Had you given it in on time, you would have got a high mark Had she become a lawyer, as her parents’ wishes, she would have earned a large salary Had anything gone wrong, I would have been held responsible Had it not been for Henry, I might not have met you Had the coast guards been notified they could have saved the vessels Had they confirmed by phone, the airline could have warned them 10 Had it not been for his solicitor’s advice, he would have made a serious mistake VIII Not only did he spend all his money but she also bcmrowed some from me No sooner had I left the office than the phone rang Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back Not until the bell rang did he finish his work Only after several months did we begin to see the symptoms of the disease Never in my life have seen anyone drink as much as you Under the table was lying a sleeping dog Rarely had his brother been more excited Only later were all the facts made public 10 Had I realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job 11 Such was the responsible to our appeal that we has to take on more staff 12 Not only did Harry break his leg but he also injured his shoulder 13 Little did the police suspect that the judgment was the murderer 14 Should you see Helen, could you ask her to call me? 580 Giải thích ng& pháp tiếng Anh ► 15 In no way can the bus be blamed for the accident 16 So heavy was the snowfall that all the trains had to be cancelled 17 Were the government to write interest rates they would lose the election 18 No sooner had I got into the bath than someone knocked on the door 19 Such was the uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed 20 Seldom is there so much rain in March 21 Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in 22 Hardly had the play started when there was a power failure 23 Rarely has the Prime Minister made so inept a speech 24 Scarcely had we arrived home when the police called 25 On no account are press photographers allowed to take photographs backstage 26 Never before has so much money been spent to so little purpose! 27 Barely had the trial proceedings begun when the judge was taken ill IX Hardly/ Scarcely Under no circumstances Never had/have Little did Not only did Never had / Rarely had Under no circumstances Were you 10 No sooner had X had the plane taken off, when the temperature fall Does she know had he begun had the train left we turned 1to be disturbed a pupil at this / a student from did I know 10 does the company XL If Smith were to resign , I might stand a chance of getting his job The demand for tickets was so great that people queued night and day Under no circumstances is the money to be paid Not until three days had passed did we arrived at the first oasis/ It was not until three days later that we arrived at the first oasis ►Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ►581 Soon after the ship left p o rt, a violent storm developed If they had carried a compass they would have discovered the land sooner Brenda had no idea what she was letting herself in for Only when I stopped did I realize that something was wrong 9.At no time did the accused express regret for what he has done 10 The runners were too exhausted to finish the race, XII as over their heads flew the bullets, down came a heavy snow In front of the station, the two men were talking.(no inversion) 4.Behind the protesters was a line of police officers At the end of the street ran a small stream Across overgrown garden the stream was an and suddenly round the comer it came ( no inversion) In front of them was a white pillar, and on top of it stood a small, marble statue and off ran the children 582 Giải thích ngữ pháp tiéng Anh ► CHƯƠNG 12: CÂU (SENTENCES) Has Mark been to Los Angeles? Where did you buy your coat? Does Laura play tennis? Can I borrow your squash racket? Who am I speaking to? How much video recorders cost? What did you lock the door for? 10 Will you be at the club tonight? 11 Did you enjoy your holiday? 12 How long does the journey take? 13 Where are we going to have lunch? 14 Is the train on time? 15 Do Mike and Harry go camping? 16 When does the course finish? 17 What happens next? 18 Shall we go for a waik?/ Why don’t we go for a walk? 19 Have you got a motorbike?/ Do you have a motorbike? 20 May/ Can I come in? II ] How old are you? Do you live locally? Where you live? When did you leave school? Which school did you go to? Are you working now? Who you work for? How long have you been working there?/ How long have you worked there? Do you enjoy your present job? 10 Why you want to leave? 11 Can you work on Saturdays? > Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ►583 12 How you travel to work? 13 Have you got a car? 14 When can you start? III How is Christopher going to London? How many cars have the Smiths got/ the Smiths have? Where does Janet work? Why is Ann learning English? How was the film?/ What was the film like? When will the meeting take place? Who switched off the computer? Whose burglar alarm was ringing? Who(m) did Ann go to the dance with?/ With whom did Ann go to the dance? 10 How often are the Olympic Games held? 11 What is your weight?/ How many kilos you weigh? 12 What does your father do? 13 How much money you earn? 14 How far is it from here to the post office? 15 What color is the Vietnamese flag? 16 What did you buy? 17 What time are your friends arriving?/ When are your friends arriving? 18 How long will the meeting last? 19 Which shop does Susan work in?/ What kind of shop does Susan work in? 20 What did you buy this computer magazine for?/ Why did you buy this computer magazine? IV \ where my football boots are how much this jacket costs/ how much this jacket is where the books about Russia are what time the last bus leaves/ when the last bus leaves how to use this coffee machine/ how this coffee machine works how far it is to the airport where the manager’s office is 584 i Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ► when the first Olympic Games took place how old your sister is 10 why the car has stopped/ why the car won’t go aren’t they have you isn’t it are there aren’t they will he will you didn’t you they 10 can’t we 11 was it 12 shall we 13 aren’t I 14 will you 15 have you 16 will he 17 will you 18 you 19 doesn’t she 20 won’t there VI The film was great, wasn’t it? She has a lovely voice, doesn’t she?/ She has got a lovely voice, It doesn’t look very good, does it? You have had your hair cut, haven’t you? This bridge isn’t very safe, is it? It’s (very) expensive, isn’t it? Let’s listen to some music, shall we? Don’t anything silly, will you? 10 Pass me the salt, will you? VII l.b a c c a 11.a 12 a 13 c d VIII Would you like to go sailing? Are you a student here? How many cakes have you eaten? I’m too i mpatient, aren’11? Did you enjoy your trip? ►Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ►585 Where have your friends gone? Does Peter play tennis? Don’t drop those plates, will you? It’s hardly rained at all this summer, has it? 10 What has happened? 11 Who does this calculator belong to? 12 No, I hate horror film 13 Which of these magazines would you like? 14 What are you looking for? 15 Let’s sit in the garden, shall we? 16 Have you ever been to Thailand? 17 Would you like to explain what the problem is? 18 How long did it take you to get there? 19 What color are you going to paint it? 20 Why don’t people in your country show more respect to the elderly? IX Place Make Use Don’t place Don’t put Don’t leave Don’t eat Clean Keep 10 switch X What a clever boy! Isn’t she tall! How interesting the novel was! Didn’t they write slowly! What fast horses! How expensive the dress is! Wasn’t the film frightening! What warm weather! How effectively they work! 10 What a Jovely cat my friend has! 11 Doesn’t he look like his father! 586 i Giải thích ngư pháp tiếng Anh ► 12 How dirty those trousers are! 13 What awful noise! 14 How cold it is! 15 What nice shoes you’ve got on! 16 How tired I feel! 17 What an old house! 18 Isn’t that a great song! 19 How beautifully Marta sings! 20 What a beautiful smile she has! XI Helen is giving Jack some cassettes on his birthday I bought some new jeans recently This climate doesn’t suit me Diana is becoming more and more beautiful these days They have painted their front door a bright yellow! I found my purse under the bed Dad sold the old Renault to our next door neighbor yesterday Our friend sent us some tulips by express mail Bob saw Mary crossing the street in town 10 We took a bus to the airport ] She hates answering the phone all the time 12 All the neighbors supposed her to be a widow 13 Her father would not consent to her living alone in a big city 14 Can you spare me a few minutes of your valuable time? 15 It is important to go to school regularly 16 We must give the encyclopedia back to them 17 The trouble is that we are short of money ] No one heard John leave the house 19 We are waiting for John to arrive 20 The bus knocked him down ►Giải thích ngử pháp liếng Anh ►587 CHƯƠNG 13: VĂN PHONG (STYLES) L He didn’t intend to make a long journey with her Has the city government decided to build ? She isn’t interested in what she Do most school-leavers strongly desire to work I don’t think they disagree with w h at The plan didn’t succeed just because most members weren’t determined to it well During the lesson, she always looks carefully at all the sentences My friend wished to become a pilot You needn’t answer all the questions 10 Please call me when you arrive, and we’ll meet at a 11 She doesn’t know what will be because she never thinks about it 12 She said she would visit me someday 13 He decided to leave home 4.1 didn’t intend to stay here 15 She is greatly interested in music 16 The two schoolgirls exchanged their English lessons 17 He bathes every morning 18.1 arranged with the neighbors 19 She didn’t explain her plan 20 She was examined by a doctor II 10 I had an argument with the referee about his decision Are you in agreement with John about this? She usually gives her hair a brush before going out She had a number of complaints about his rudeness Because of engine trouble, the plane had to make a land on the fields Take a look at this picture I’m in love with her We must make an early start • He was in receipt of her letter of the 10th After lunch time she usually takes a rest 588 < Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ► III They tend to minimize problems They strongly desire to put aside They gave a lot of thought to their work They knew little about the job of their choice They are determined to overcome problems He pays us a visit whenever he’s in town They have tended to choose well-paid jobs Millions o f dollars are spent on advertising every year You’d better not contact her 10 I had a good sleep last night 11 Carol Stuart is a good cooker and swimmer 12 She strongly desires for a scholarship 13 The villagers cordially welcomed us 14 He doesn’t intend to leave the city 15 She is a good English teacher, 16 They have to this job at once 17 She is a careful typist IB Hardly had we begun our walk when it rained 19 This woman sleeps very little 20 My grandfather loves music 21 He drives carefully 22 She is a good singer 23 They have made all the arrangements 24 No one in his team plays football as well as him 25 She is a good tennis player 26 English is spoken in Australia 27 A hospital is being built for the poor 28 She hasn’t been seen since 1980 29 His parents were visited by him last week 30 We had a decision to go to Boston > Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ►589 MỤC LỤC LỜI NÓI ĐẦU CHƯƠNG 1: TỪ LOẠI TRONG TIẾNG ANH (THE PARTS OF SPEECH) CHƯƠNG 2: TỪ VựNG HỌC (WORD STUDY) 240 CHƯƠNG 3: CÁC THÌ (TENSES) .254 CHƯƠNG 4: s ự HÒA HỢP GIỮA CÁC THỜI (SEQUENCE OF TENSES) .289 CHƯƠNG 5: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE SENTENCES) 304 CHƯƠNG 6: CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT (REPORTED SPEECH) 321 CHƯƠNG 7: CÂU ĐIÊU KIỆN (CONDITIONAL SENTENCES) 335 CHƯƠNG 8: CÁC MỆNH ĐỀ VÀ CỤM TỪ (CLAUSE AND PHRASE) 346 CHƯƠNG 9: MỆNH ĐÈ QUAN HỆ (RELATIVE CLAUSE) .388 CHƯƠNG 10: S ự s o SÁNH (COMPARISON) 409 CHƯƠNG 11: S ự ĐẢO NGỮ (INVERSION) 428 CHƯƠNG 12: CÂU (SENTENCES) 437 CHƯONG 13: VĂN PHONG (STYLES) 469 KEY 491 590 Giải thích ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ► G IẢ I T H ÍC H N G Ữ PHÁP TIÉNG ANH NHÀ XUẤT BẢN Đ Ạ I HỌC QƯỐC GIA HÀ NỘI 16 H àng Chuối - Hai Bà Trưng - Hà Nội Điện thoại: (04) 9714896; (04) 9724770; Fax: (04) 9714899 C hiu trá ch nhiêm x u ấ t bản: G iám đ ố c - T ổ n g b iê n tậ p : TS PHẠM THỊ TRÂM B iê n tập: t h u h i ể n & CAM VÂN S a b ả n in : MCBOOKS C h ế bản: LÊ LIÊN V ẽ b ìa : TRỌNG KIÊN ^ LIÊN KẾT XUẤT BẢN CỒNG TY CỔ PHẦN SÁCH MCBOOKS Địa chi\ SỐ nhà 26, ngõ 245 Mai Dịch Cẩu Giây, Hà Nội Website: www.m cbooks.vn Mã số: 2L-171ĐH2013 In 5.000 cuốn, khổ 16x24cm, Công ty TNHH sản xuất in Quang Minh Sô KHXH: 476-2013/CXB/25-63ĐHQGHN ngày 12/4/2013 Quyết định x u ất số: 231LK-XH/QĐ-NXB ĐHQGHN In xong nộp lưu chiểu năm 2013 ... beer] ỊsTỊPanh từ đ