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(1)LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT VỚI “To V”
Reported speech with to infinitive
Khi lời nói gián tiếp lời đề nghị, mệnh lệnh, ý định, lời hứa, lời yêu cầu, độn g từ tường thuật với động từ nguyên mẫu theo sau thường dùng để truyền tải nội dung lời nói • Động từ tường thuật + tân ngữ + động từ nguyên mẫu [ to infinitive]
Động từ tường thuật: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn, want., beg, instruct, persuade…
• Động từ tường thuật + động từ nguyên mẫu [ to infinitive]
Động từ tường thuật: agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide
Would you/ Could you / Will you/ Can you -> asked+ sb + to + V
Would you mind + V-ing /Do you mind + V-ing -> asked + sb + to +V
Would you like/ Will you -> invited + sb + to + V
a Đề nghị, lời mời: S + invite + (O) + to V … S + offer + to V …
Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink?”
⇒ He invited me to go out for a drink
b Yêu cầu: (động từ tường thuật ask) S + asked + someboby + for + something
Ex: In a restaurant, the man said; “I’d like a bottle of red wine, please”
⇒ The man asked for a bottle of red wine
c Khuyên bảo: S + advised + O + to V … Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said
⇒ My mother advised me to study harder
Lời khuyên thường bắt đầu bằng: - You should / You ought to V - If I were you, I would/ should … - You had better …
- Why don’t you …
Eg: "Why don’t you repaint our room? ⇒ She advised me to repaint their room
d Lời nhắc nhở
Remember… chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp ta áp dụng cấu trúc sau Don’t for get
S + remind(ed) + someboby + to Infinitive verb
Ex: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”
(2)e Sự đồng ý quan điểm như: all right, yes, of course (áp dụng cấu trúc sau): S + agreed + to verb…
Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said
⇒ He agreed to wait for me
f Câu trực tiếp diễn tả điều mong muốn như: would like, wish: S + wanted + O + to verb…
Ex: “I’d like Lan to become a doctor,” my mum said
⇒ My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor
g Từ chối: S + refused + to V … Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”
⇒ He refused to lend me his car
h Lời hứa: S + promised to V…
Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday”
⇒ He promised to send me a card on my birthday
PRACTICE
Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech with infinitives
1 “Remember to write to me soon,” she said to me She reminded
2 “You’d better spend more time learning to write,” I said to the boy I advised
3 “Would you like to have dinner with us tonight?” Mike said to Linda Mike invited
4 “Please, please turn off the T.V, John,” said Tom
Tom begged
5 “Don’t lean your bicycles against my windows, boys,” said the shopkeeper The shopkeeper warned
6 “Open the safe,” the robber said to the bank clerk The robber ordered “Leave this space clean, David,” she said
She told “Shall I open the window for you, Edna?” he said He offered “I’ll wait for you I promise,” he said to me
(3)11 “Don’t forget to take the holiday,” Mark said to me Mark reminded me 12 “You should take a holiday,” Jane said to David Jane advised
13 “I thought you took a holiday last summer,” Tom said to Sophia John expected Sophia
14 “Taking a holiday would be a good idea,” George said George proposed 15 “You really must take a holiday, Linda,” Jim said Jim told 16 “Don’t touch that switch, Peter,” I said
I warned 17 “Read this document before you sign it,” he said to her He advised 18 “Will you help me, please?” she said to me
She asked 19 “Please as I say,” he said to me
He begged
20 “Don’t forget to prune the roses,” my aunt said to Alfred My aunt reminded
21 “Would you like me to help you with the cooking, Tom?” Laura said Laura offered
22 “If you don’t pay the ransom, we’ll kill your son,” the kidnappers said to them The kidnappers threatened
23 “I won’t answer any questions,” Paul said Paul agreed
24 “Would you like to go camping with us next weekend?” Andrew said to Cindy Andrew invited
25 “Don’t forget to join in the contest tomorrow morning, Robin,” Jessica said Jessica reminded
26 “Would you like me to clean the room for you, Alvin?” she said She offered
27 “If I were you, I would join the voluntary team tomorrow, Tom,” said Eve Eve advised
(4)29 “I really think you should see a doctor, Lucia ” said Thomas Thomas advised
30 “No, I’m sorry, I won’t work on Saturday,” said Victoria Victoria refused ………
31 “If you like, I’ll help you the decorating, Carol,” said Charles Charles offered ………
32 Louis said, “Yes, all right, I’ll share the bill with you, Lisa” Louis agreed ……
33 “Carol, speaking English,” he said
He told ………
34 “Fill in the form, sir” the receptionist said to the guest The receptionist asked … 35 “Mind your own business,” Ethel told me Ethel told ………
36 “Don’t repair the computer yourself,” she said to him She warned ……… 37 “Don’t give yourself up” he told his girlfriend He advised ………… 38 “Don’t go out without me,” Harry told Sally
Harry begged …… 39 Allen said, “I’d like you to visit my house, Jack” Allen wanted ……
40 “Don’t forget to post the letter for me when you go out,” my wife said to me My wife reminded ………
41 “Could you possibly speak more slowly, please?” the student said to the teacher The student asked ………
42 “Guard, take him to the prison,” said the king The king ordered ………
43 “Can you translate this sentence into English for me?” Maria said to Mark Maria asked …………
44 “Don’t forget to send your uncle a birthday card tomorrow,” Mary said to her son Mary reminded ………
45 “Please come to our wedding,” John said to his boss John invited ………
46 “I’ll pay for the next round,” Bobby said Bobby agreed ………
(5)Susan warned ……… 48 “I won’t go to bed,” Ron said
Ron refused ………
49 “You should talk to your advisor,” Bill said to Linda Bill advised ………
50 “Take that chewing gum out of your mouth immediately!” the teacher said to Tom The teacher ordered ………
ĐÁP ÁN
1 She reminded me to write her soon
2 I advised the boy to spend more time learning to write Mike invited Linda to have dinner with them that night Tom begged John to turn off the TV
5 The shopkeeper warned boys not to lean their bicycles against his/ her window The robber ordered the bank clerk to open the safe
7 She told David to leave that space clean He offfered to open the window for Edna He promised to wait for me
10 John invited Mary to come with him 11 Mark reminded me to take the holiday 12 Jane advised David to have a holiday
13 John expected Sophia to take a holiday the previous summer 14 George proposed to take a holiday
15 Jim told Linda to take a holiday
16 I warned Peter not to touch that switch
17 He advised her to read that document before she signed it 18 She asked me to help her
19 He begged me to as he said
20 My aunt reminded Alfred to prune the roses 21 Laura offered to help Tom with the cooking
22 The kidnappers threatened to kill their son if they didn’t pay the ransom 23 Paul agreed not to answer any questions
24 Andrew invited Cindy to go camping with them the next weekend 25 Jessica reminded Robin to join in the contest the next morning 26 She offered to clean the room for Alvin
27 Eve advised Tom to join the voluntary team the day after 28 Raymond reminded Flora to buy some bread
(6)30 Victoria refused to work on Saturday
31 Charles offered to help Carol the decorating 32 Louis agreed to share the bill with Lisa
33 He told Carol to speak English
34 The receptionist asked the guest to fill in the form 35 Ethnel told me to mind my own business
36 She warned him not to repair the computer himself 37 He advised his girlfriend not to give herself up 38 Harry begged Sally not to go out without him 39 Allen wanted Jack to visit her house
40 My wife reminded me to post the letter for her when I went out 41 The student asked the teacher to speak more slowly
42 The king ordered guard to take him to prison
43 Maria asked Mark to translate that sentence into English for her 44 Mary reminded her son to send his uncle a birthday card the day after 45 John invited his boss to come to their weeding
46 Bobby agreed to pay for the next round
47 Susan warned her children not to run around the edge of the swimming pool 48 Ron refused to go to bed
49 Bill advised Linda to talk to her advisor
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