Note 1: Past Perfect + before + Simple Past Simple Past + after + Past Perfect Note 2: nếu từ when và as soon as dùng trong hành động ở tương lai, CT: will + V as soon as/when Simple pre[r]
(1)TENSES Một trạng thái, hành động lặp lặp lại hàng ngày, thói quen mang tính vĩnh viễn, thật Present S + am/is./are + adj / noun S + am not/isn’t/aren’t… Am/Is/Are + S …? S + V / V-s / V-es S + don’t / doesn’t + V Do / Does +S…? -> Simple dành cho ngôi thứ số ít (he, dành cho ngôi thứ số ít (he, she, it, Mary, the chair ) she, it, Mary, the chair ) Key words: everyday, every time, always, sometimes, often, never, seldom, rarely Ex: I’m tired It rains every time I leave my rain coat at home We get up early everyday The train leaves at o’clock tomorrow ( lịch trình cố định tương lai) Một hành động diễn thời điểm tại, mang tính tạm thời, thay đổi diễn -> Present Continuos S + am/is/are + V-ing S + am not/ isn’t/aren’t + VAm /is/are + S + V-ing? ing Key word: now, right now, at the moment, at present, look, listen, be careful ,… Ex: I am living with my friend until I can buy a house Look! The bus is coming Where’s your mother? - She is cooking in the kitchen The population of the world is rising very fast The usually cook, but today they are eating out I am seeing my doctor tomorrow (sự xếp, kế hoạch tương lai) Is she working this weekend? (sự xếp, kế hoạch tương lai) Một hành động diễn quá khứ có thời gian xác định -> Simple Past S + V-ed / V2 S + didn’t + V bare Did + S + V bare ? Keyword: yesterday, last (last week, last Christmas ), ago, in + năm quá khứ…, when I was a child , when she was ten Ex: My father gave me a doll on my birthday When she was a little girl, she liked to sing Một chuỗi hành động diễn liên tiếp -> Simple Past ex: It was raining yesterday My sister came home, went upstairs, took her umbrella, and went out again She left as soon as I came in Một hành động diễn thời điểm cụ thể quá khứ -> Past Continuous S + was/were + V-ing S + wasn’t/weren’t + V-ing Was / Were + S + V-ing? Key word: at the time yesterday, at pm last Friday… Ex: At o’clock yesterday morning, we were driving to Hanoi Một hành động diễn ( Past cont), bị hành động khác cắt ngang (Past Simple) Keyword: when, while Ex: When I came home, every body was having dinner She was playing tennis when she broke her arm Hai hành động diễn đồng thời Keyword: while Ex: While my mother was cooking, my father was reading Một hành động xảy quá khứ không có thời gian xác định, hành động đã qua hậu nó tại, hành động diễn quá khứ và tiếp tục kéo dài đến -> Present Perfect S + have/has + V-ed / V3 S + haven’t / hasn’t + V-ed / Have/has + S + V-ed / V3? V3 Keyword: already, just, never, ever, yet, recently, up to now = so far (cho đến nay), this is the first/second/last time, for, since, during the last years ( năm qua), once, twice, three times Ex: I have seen “Shrek” three times I love it She has been my best friend so far Lop11.com (2) My grandfather has been sick during the last few days We have been studying English for years Một hành động diễn trước thời điểm quá khứ -> Past Perfect S + had + V-ed/V3 S + hadn’t + V-ed/V3 Had + S + V-ed / V3 ? Keyword: until, by the time Ex: By the end of last March, I had studied English for years 10 Một hành động diễn trước ( Past Perfect), hành động diễn sau (Simple Past) quá khứ Keyword: before, after, when, as soon as (ngay khi), by (trứơc)… Ex: Last year, my sister gave me some money as soon as she had got paid After he had discussed with his wife, he decided to buy the house Note 1: Past Perfect + before + Simple Past Simple Past + after + Past Perfect Note 2: từ when và as soon as dùng hành động tương lai, CT: will + V as soon as/when Simple present / Present perfect Ex: I will return the book to you as soon as I finish reading it / I have finished reading it Note 3: Present Perfect since Simple Past Ex: He has been working in my company since he moved here 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Exercises When I (arrive) at this house, he still (sleep) The lights (go) out when we (have) dinner As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident While my father (read) a newspaper, I (learn) my lesson and my sister (do) her homework The children (play) football when their mother (come) back home When I (come) home, I (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday He (sit) in a café when I (see) him They (go) home after they (finish) their work She said that she (already, see) Dr Brown When we (come) to the stadium, the matches (already, begin) They told me they (not /eat) such kind of food before He (ask) why we (come) so early After they (go), I (sit) down and (rest) Before she (watch) TV, she (do) her homework It was the first time I (ever, see) such a beautiful girl Yesterday John (go) to the store before he (go) home Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) English in 1970 When John and I got to the theatre, the movie (start) already Before Alice (go) to sleep, she (call) her family When the phone (ring), I (have) dinner Daisy (agree) with other members in the last meeting What you (do) at p.m yesterday? The little girl asked what (happen) to her ice-cream He (teach) in this school before he (leave) for English She (win) the gold medal in 1986 Mr John (be) principal of our school since last year Mr Smith (teach) at this school since he graduated in 1980 My father (not watch) TV every night He (read) books instead I (meet) Arthur three weeks ago Yesterday the police (report) that they (catch) the thief My friend (thank) me for what I (do) for him last night Someone (steal) my handbag on the bus The Browns (live) in Paris for years when the Second World War (break) out Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days Don’t call me in the afternoon I usually (be) away in the afternoon Mr Clark (be) in New York months ago Mr Rossi (be) in New York until two month ago John (drive) that car ever since I (know) him People (speak) English in most of Canada Lop11.com (3) 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 The dog (wag) his tail whenever he (see) me What you (do) when I (ring) you last night I (not see) him since last Monday They (sell) all the books when we (get) there She (play) the piano when our guests (arrive) last night I (come) as soon as I have finished my work I think he (leave) as soon as he (know) the news My mother (come) to stay with us next weekend Where you (spend) your holidays next summer? Violets (bloom) in spring We (not live) in England for two years now I (never forget) what you just tell me They (prepare) the Christmas dinner at the moment When I last (stay) in Cairo, I (ride) to the pyramids on a camel that I (borrow) the day before Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970 George (work) at the university so far When he lived in Manchester, he (work) in a bank Birds (build) their nests in summer and (fly) to the south in winter I (lose) my key Can you help me look for it? My teacher wasn’t at home when I (arrive) He just (go) out How long Bob and Marry (be) married? You (receive) any letter from yours parents yet? My brother (join) the army when he (be) young Tom (study) chemistry for days and then he gave it up Miss Lee often (write) when she was on holiday He (leave) home two weeks ago and we (not hear) from him since then I (not see) her for a long time I (not can) remember when I last (see) her When the teacher came in, the pupils (play) games Columbus (discover) America more than 400 years ago Mary (come) from London Up to now, the teacher (give) our class five tests The last train (leave) the station at p.m Long ago, my younger brother often (cry) David (be) born after his father die When I (be) a child, I (want) to be a doctor Please be quiet! I (work) She (play) tennis when she (break) her arm I didn’t like exercising at first But now, I (used to / go) jogging every morning After dinner, Ken (suggest) (go) for a walk Please sit down! I (try) (watch) this TV program It (rain) every time he (go) out Nancy (submit) her résumé before she (know) the position was filled My father (smoke) any cigarette since 2002 Be careful! The ladder (fall) down When I got home, he wasn’t there He (go) out When they (go) out of the house they (take) their umbrella because it (rain) At 9.00 on next Sunday, we (have) a dinner at our friend’s house Fred and George are actors They (act) three times a day At the moment they (not act) They (watch) their films You’d better (listen) to other people instead of (talk) about yourself all the time Jimmy (throw) the ball high in the air and Betty (catch) it when it (come) down Only five years ago, there (be) a shortage of computer specialists When Sue looked into the fridge, all the food (go) I can’t find my umbrella – Don’t worry I (lend) you mine At o’clock yesterday morning we (swim) in the sea John and Sarah first (meet) in 1998, and they (be married) for three years now Some people (believe) there is life on the other planets While I (sit) in the café, I (see) a friend and she (join) me How many people (die) in the Second World War? “Where’s the cat?” “It (lie) on the sofa.” When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she (stop) (move) and (listen) carefully Lop11.com (4)