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Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 CTC Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work - T asks them to compare answers with another pair.. - T calls on some Ss to go to the board to write their answers.[r]
(1)Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Week: Unit : Theme: Education Period: Topic: Volunteer work Date: VOLUNTEER WORK Part A : READING I Objectives By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to : - Develop such reading micro – skills as scanning for specific ideas and skimming for general information - Use the information they have read to discuss the topic II Materials Text book III Anticipated problems Ss may need help with the discussion task , so T should be ready to help them IV Procedure Time Steps 6’ Work arrangement Group work WARM UP Competition game – Hangman - T divides the class into big groups and draws each of them a gallows on the board Team A Team B - T explains to Ss that they are going to play a “Hangman” game The rule is that T gives a secret word and the groups will take turn to guess it by telling what letters they think there are in this word If Ss choose a letter that appears on oe more times in the secret word, the letters and their positions will be revealed and Ss can keep on guessing the next letter On the other hand, if Ss guess a letter that isn’t in the secret word, them a piece of man being hanged will be added to the gallows and they will lose their turn to the other groups Ss will get one point for each letter they can guess correctly When the game is over, T will count how many points each group has collected and the group with more points will win the game - T leads the game, and in this lesson, the secret word is “volunteer” T draws the same number of dashes as the number of letters in this word For this word, T’d need dashes like this: _ - The activity will lead to the lesson naturally 10’ Pair work whole class & BEFORE YOU READ Discussing the picture and saying - T asks the whole class to look at the picture on page 46 and asks them some Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An Lop11.com (2) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work questions: + What is the old woman doing in the picture ? + What does this mean by “Little Moments Big Magic”? + What does the picture tell you ? Suggested answers: + The old woman is teaching the boy to read + The phrase means that your little contribution and help may lead to significant results/may greatly change a person’s life + The picture tells me that everyone, no matter what they are young or old, can volunteer work - T asks Ss to work in pairs to read the short poem/saying on page 46 and answer the question and discuss its meaning - T calls on some Ss to present their opinion T may give some comments and her suggestion: The saying means that if you help somebody by giving them some money, it’s just a temporary solution It’s better to instruct them how to make money legally by teaching then necessary working skills Pre-teaching vocabulary - T might elicit or teachthe meanings of the following words Volunteer: Ss may have understood the meaning of the word in the previous activity, so T may introduce its related words quickly + to volunteer to sth/volunteer for sth: t×nh nguyÖn, tù nguyÖn lµm g× + volunteer(n): t×nh nguyÖn viªn + voluntary(a): done willingly, not because you are forced(tù nguyÖn); doing a job without wanting to be paid for it(t×nh nguyÖn) + voluntarily(adv) The aged = the old (người già) Orphanage(n): a place where children without parents live (tr¹i trÎ må c«i) To overcome: vượt qua, khắc phục E.g: She’s overcome the bad habit of talking loudly in public To participate in = to take part in (tham gia) To suffer sth: chịu đựng cái gì Remote = far away(xa x«i) - If there is some time left, T may ask some Ss to make sentences with the above words to check their understanding Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (3) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) 5’ Theme: Education WHILE YOU READ Topic: Volunteer work Whole class, individual work Setting the scene You are going to read a passage about volunteer work While you are reading, & pair work the tasks in the textbook TASK Instruction: Fill each blank with one part of speech of the word “volunteer” - T elicits different parts of speech of the word “volunteer” and write these words on the board: Volunteer(v/n), voluntary, voluntarily - Then T instructs Ss to read through the sentences provided in the task to identify the part of speech of the word to fill in each blank For example, in sentence the word to fill in should be an adjective, in sentence an adverb, in sentence a noun, and in sentence a verb Ss should also pay attention to the word preceding the blank to fill in the right form of the word For instance, in sentence the word preceding the blank is ‘some’, so a plural noun should be filled in - T asks Ss to work individually to the task and exchange their answers with other Ss - T asks Ss for their answers and gives the correct answers Answers: voluntary voluntarily volunteers volunteered 8’ TASK Instruction: You are to read the passage and choose the best answer from A,B,C or D for each of the following sentences - T asks Ss how to this task If they don’t remember, T may instruct them to use some strategies to the task: + First, skim the sentences to understand them As Ss this they underline the key words For instance, in sentence Ss can underline volunteers, help, sick or old, homes + Ss locate the information in each sentence in the text and read this part carefully + Next, Ss read the choices given to choose the most suitable one + To complete sentence 5, Ssread the passage and try giving it a title Then Ss search through the list of the titles provided in the task to find the most suitable one Ss should make sure the title chosen covers the entire text and not just one idea within it - T asks Ss to work individually to the task, then discuss their answers with their peers - T calls on somw Ss to give their answers and asks other Ss to say whether they agree or disagree - T gives feedback and the correct answers: Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (4) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education A(line 1-2, para 2) D(line3-4, para 2) B(line 3-4, para 4) D(last para) B(A: too general; C and D not cover the whole text) Topic: Volunteer work TASK Instruction: You are required to answer the questions in the book - T asks Ss how to this task If they not remember, T may instruct them to use some strategies to the task: + First, skim the Qs to understand them As Ss this, they: * underline the key words For instance, in Q1 Ss can underline What, high school, college Ss, hospitals, orphanages, homes for the aged * decide what information they need to find in the text * look for Qs words like “why” which indicates Ss should read for specific thing like a reason + Go back to the first question and locate the information for the question by finding the key words in the passage and mark the place + Read the part carefully to find the answer Ss can use their own words + Continue with the rest of the Qs - T asks Ss to work individually to the task, then discuss their answers with their peers - T calls on some Ss to write their answers on the board and ask them to explain their choices - T gives the correct answers: They read books to the people there, play games with them or listen to their problems (line 7-10, para 1) They give care and comfort to them and help them to overcome their difficulties (line 2-3,para 3) They volunteer to work in remote or mountainous areas (line 5-6, para 3) 8’ 2’ Pair work,group work & whole AFTER YOU READ Instruction: You are required to work in pairs to discuss the question in the class textbook - T asks Ss to work in pairs to discuss the question in the book - T goes around to help Ss when necessary - When all pairs have finished, T asks every pairs to share ideas - T calls on some Ss to report their ideas to the class - T gives feedback Whole class WRAPPING UP - T summarises the main points of the lesson - T asks Ss to learn by heart all of the new words and the extra activity as homework Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (5) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Week: Unit : Theme: Education Period: Topic: Volunteer work Date: VOLUNTEER WORK Part B: SPEAKING I Objectives By the end of the lesson,Ss will be able to talk about different kinds of activities related to volunteer work II Materials Textbook, pictures, handouts III Anticipated problems Ss may not have enough vocabulary to talk about the topic, so T should be ready to provide help IV Procedure Time 8’ 7’ Steps Work arrangement Group work WARM UP Competition game – Describing the pictures - T divides the class into small groups of 3-4 Ss and gives each group a set of pictures Ss are required to describe the activity in each picture in one sentence only Which group finishes first and has the most correct and meaningful sentences will be the winner Suggested answers: The student is teaching the poor children The Ss are taking part in directing the traffic The medical Ss are examining the old people The Ss are taking care of the disadvantaged children The Ss are taking part in a Blood Donation activity The Ss are collecting the rubbish The Ss are helping the soldiers to build the road The Ss are helping the examinees during the University entrance exam period Whole class & TASK pair work Instruction: You are required to decide which of the following activities are volunteer works - T asks Ss to work in pairs to decide which of the activities in the book are volunteer works Ss should also explain why a certain activity is not volunteer work - T calls some Ss to give their answers ands for comments from other Ss - T elicits other volunteer activities from Ss Suggested answers: 1.The activities which are not volunteer work: taking part in an excursion and participating in an English speaking club + Reason: You take part in these activities for yourself, not to help other people Some other volunteer activities: taking part in environmental conservation activities, donating blood, directing traffic, guiding foreign sports teams around Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (6) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education when they go to Vietnam to compete 15’ Topic: Volunteer work TASK You are goimg to make conversations based on the given Whole class & pair work Instruction : suggestions - Before Ss the task, T asks them to read the model conversation onpage 50 Then Ss read the list of volunteer activities and the exact things related to them - T can elicit or explain some words quickly: War invalid:thương binh Martyr: liÖt sü Intersection : ®êng giao - T gets across to Ss that one activity in the first column can go with several activities in the 2nd column T may require Ss to match each activity on the left with corresponding activities on the right Suggested answers: Helping people in mountainous areas - Teaching the children to read and write - Give them money Help old and sick people - Cleaning up their houses - Doing their shopping - Cooking meals Helping disadvantaged or - Teaching the children to read and handicapped children write - Listening to their problems - Playing games with them - Taking them to places on interest Taking care of war invalids and the - Listening to their problems - cleaning up their houses families of martyrs - Doing their shopping - Cooking meals Taking part in directing the traffic - Directing vehicles ar the intersections - Helping old people and young children to cross the road - T may design a handout for this activity to help Ss talk more naturally and to lead to the next task Ss may choose one or more activities to talk about , and they change the role after one activity Student A Student B You want to take part in the volunteer You are participating in a volunteer work your friend is doing work Answer your friend’s questions Ask him/her all the information you about the work You can use the information in TASK want to know You can use suggestions below: to answer the questions Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (7) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education - kind of volunteer work - exact things to - frequency of doing the work - length of time spent for the work - your friend’s feeling when doing the work Topic: Volunteer work - After Ss have finished T calls on some pairs to act out their conversation - T elicits feedback from the class and gives final comments 12’ TASK Instruction: Now you work in groups to talk anout a kind of volunteer work your partner in the previous task to help other people - Before Ss the task, T may ask Ss to read through the example in the book T encourages Ss to use transition signals such as also, besides, moreover, etc to make their talk more coherent - Now Ss work in groups to talk about one activity their partner takes part in They may say that: Mai usually takes part in directing the traffic She directs vehicles at the intersections Besides, she helps old people and young children to cross the road She enjoys the work very much because she likes helping people - T goes around to observe and collect typical errors - T calls on some Ss to talk about the activity they take part in - T elicits feedback from the class and gives final comments After that, T writes the errors she has corrected on the board to elicit correction from Ss and offers correction if necessary 3’ Whole class WRAPPING UP - T summarises the main points of the lesson - T asks Ss to the EXTRA EXERCISE as homework Week: Unit : Period: Date: VOLUNTEER WORK Part C : LISTENING I Objecitves By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to develop such listening micro-skills as intensive listening for specific information and taking notes while listening II Materials Textbook, cassette tapes, handouts III Anticipated problems Ss may not be familiar with the note-taking task so T should provide them some tips to deal with tha task Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (8) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) IV Procedure Time Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work Steps Work arrangement Group work 5’ WARM UP Competition game- Slap the board - The aim of this activity is to help Ss revise the vocabulary items Ss learnt in previous lesson - T puts the vocabulary items on the board in any order For example, T may write the following words and phrases on the board: war invalid, martyr, intersection, the aged, orphanage, remote, suffer - T calls on some Ss to form teams, and one person from the team runs to the board, as a representative T gives Vietnamese translation for one of the words gets the point The representative changes, ready for the next word - After minutes, the team with more points will be the winner 10’ BEFORE YOU LISTEN Discussing the questions - T asks Ss to read through the Qs and choices on page 51 and makes sure understand all them - T asks Ss to discuss the Qs in pairs - T calls on some Ss to report on their partner’s answers Vocabulary Pre-teaching - Before eliciting/Pre-teaching the new words, T helps Ss to pronounce the words given in the book T may read aloud first or play the tape and ask Ss to repeat in chorus and individually - T elicits / teaches some of these words and those taken from the listening passage: Fund-raising activies: hoạt độmg gây quỹ Donation(n): vËt/tiÒn quyªn gãp Informal school: trường học không chính thống Organization for Education Development: tæ chøc ph¸t triÓn gi¸o dôc Co-operate(v): hîp t¸c Disadvantaged children: trÎ em thiÖt thßi Co-ordinate(v): phèi hîp Sponsor(n): nhµ tµi trî - T may get Ss to make sentences with the words and give corrective feedback - T sets the scene: Now you are going to listen to a passage about Spring School, a special school in Ho Chi Minh city 10’ Whole class, individual work & pair work Individual work, group work & WHILE YOU LISTEN Instruction: You are going to listen to the passage and fill in the missing whole class information in each sentence - Before Ss listen and the task, T instructs Ss how to this kind of Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (9) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work exercise: + Firstly, Ss have to read the sentences carefully As they this they should: * underline the key words For example, the key words in sentence are Spring School, Ho Chi Minh city * try to work out what they are going to hear * decide what they need to listen out for For example, the word to fill in the blank in sentence should be an adj, while in sentence a number + noun/noun phrase may be needed + After that, Ss listen to the tape and take notes of the answers Ss should make sure that their sentences are grammatically correct - T plays the tape once for Ss to the task - T asks for Ss’ answers and writes them on the board - T plays the tape the second time for Ss to check their answers - T asks Ss to work in groups of to compare their answers Individual work, 9’ - T checks Ss’ answers by calling on some Ss If many Ss can’t complete the pair work & class sentences, T plays the tape one or two more times and pauses at the answers work for them to catch - T gives the correct answers: informal 30 street children 250 children 1988 10 Volunteers, June TASK Instruction: You are going to listen to the tape again and answer the Qs; - Before Ss listen to the tape again to the task, T may ask them to try to answer the Qs with the things they remember from the previous times of listening - T plays the tape again for Ss to the task T might also want to remind Ss that while listening they need to focus on the key words in each question - After playung the tape, T gets Ss to work in pairs and check their answers - T calls on some Ss to give the answers and elicits feedback from others If many Ss can’t complete the task, T might want to let Ss listen one more time and pause at the answers for them to catch Suggested answers: It provides classes to disadvantaged children in Ho Chi Minh city Dance, theatre, singing, and circus classes were set uo in 1999 Because they need money to continue their English and Performance Arts classes They dance, sing and play music at one of the largest hotels in Ho Chi Minh city Because they need help to contact sponsors and expand the school activities Tapescript: (in T’s book) 8’ AFTER YOU LISTEN - T gets Ss to work in groups to summarise the story about Spring School, Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 10 Lop11.com Whole class group work & Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (10) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work using the suggestions Each group member has to take notes of the discussion - T calls on some Ss to present their summary - T elicits feedback from the class and gives final comments 3’ Whole class WRAPPING UP - T summarises the main points of the lesson - T asks Ss to learn by heart all new words and the extra exercise as homework Week: Unit : Period: Date: VOLUNTEER WORK Part D: WRITING I Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to write a thank-you letter to a donor to acknowledge the donor’s contribution II Materials Textbook, handouts III Anticipated problems Ss may not have sufficient vocabulary to write about the topic, so T should be ready to assist them IV Procedure Time Steps 6’ Work arrangement Group work WARM UP Quiz – A formal letter (To remind Ss of some rules of writing formal letters in English) - T prepares a handout with a quiz about writing formal letters in E The quiz consists of several incomplete statements Ss work in groups to complete these statements as quickly as possible The group with the quickest and most correct answers will be the winner Quiz You write your address in of the letter The address of the receiver should be written on , starting below our address You can write on the right or the left on the line after the address you are writing to When letter starts Dear Sir/Madam, you end it with When the letter starts Dear Dr Smith, you end it with Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 11 Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An Lop11.com (11) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work It is not a good idea to use such as I’m or can’t Answers: the top left – hand corner the left the date Yours sincerely Yours sincerely contractions 13’ Preparing Ss to write - T asks Ss to read the sample letter on page 52 and discuss the purpose(s) of the letter in pairs - T calls on some Ss to give the answer T gets across to Ss that: (1) the sample letter is written to thank a donor for donating money; (2) thank-you letters to donors serve important perposes: they acknowledge the donor’s contribution and help cultivate a relationship, making it more likely for the individual/ organization to donate again, and they serve as proof of the donation for income tax purposes ( and are a must for donations over $250 ) - T asks Ss to read the letter again and Task individually When they finish, Ss exchange their answer with another student - T checks Ss’ answers by asking some Ss to read their answers out loud - T elicits corrective feedback from other Ss and gives the correct answers when necessary Answers: * The opening of the letter: sentence * The donated amount: sentence * The way(s) the money is used: sentence * The way the receipt is issued: sentence * The gratitude to the donor: sentence * The closing of the letter: Yours faithfully - T may introduce some other expressions that can be used in this kind of letter For example: + On behalf of , I’d like to thank you for your generous donation of $ Your contribution makes it possible for us to + Thank you very much for your generous donation of $ in support of + As a result of your gift, we will be able to continue the care for the new orphans we have taken in since the tragedy + I’d like to take this opportunity to thank you for your generosity in donating 16’ Individual work Writing - Before Ss write the letter, T asks them to read the instruction carefully - T gets Ss to write the letter in 15 minutes - T goes around to observe and offer help A sample letter: 54 Hang Giay street Hoan Kiem District Hanoi Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 12 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (12) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work The Director River Travel Chuong Duong street Hoan Kiem District Hanoi 30 May 2007 Dear Sir/ Madam On behalf of New Future School, I’d like to thank you for your generous donation of VND million Your contribution will make it possible for us to build our school library A good library can help the Ss very much in their studying We will issue a receipt as soon as possible Once again thank you very much for your kindness We hope to receive more assistance and cooperation from your company in the future I look forward to hearing from you soon Yours faithfully, Le thi Thanh Principal of New Future School 8’ Pair work whole class FEEDBACK ON SS’ WRITINGS - T asks Ss to exchange their writing with another student for peer correction - T goes around and collects mistakes and errors - T collects some writings for quick feedback - T writes Ss’ typical errors on the board and elicits self and peer correction T provides correction only when Ss are not able to correct the errors - Finally, T provides general comments on the letter 2’ Whole class WRAPPING UP - T summarises the main points of the lesson - For homework, T asks to improve their writing , taking into consideration their friends’ and T’s suggestions and correction and the extra exercise Week: Unit : Period: & Date: VOLUNTEER WORK Part E: LANGUAGE FOCUS I Objectives By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to : - Distinguish the sounds / w / and /j / - Pronounce the words and sentences containing these sounds correctly - Use gerunds, present participles, perfect gerunds and perfect participles appropriately II Materials Textbook, handouts III Anticipated problems Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 13 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (13) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work Ss may find it difficult to differentiate between gerunds and present participles, so T should be ready to explain IV Procedure Time 10’ 10’ Steps Work arrangement Whole class, individual work PRONUNCIATION - T models the sounds /w / and / j / for a few times and explains the and pair work differences in producing them + The phonetic sound / w / is a voiced labial-velar approximant It is articulated with the back part of the tongue(the dorsum) raised toward the soft palate ( the velum) and the lips rounded + The phonetic sound / j / is a voiced palatal approximant It is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate - T plays the tape(or reads) once for Ss to hear the words containing these sounds Then T plays the tape(or reads) again and this time asks Ss to repeat after tha tape(or T) Pronouncing words containing the sounds - T reads the words in each column all at once - T reads the words once again, each time with a word in each column to help Ss to distinguishthe differences between the sounds in the words - T reads the words and asks Ss to repeat them - T asks Ss to practise pronouncing the words in pairs - T goes around to provide help - T asks some Ss to pronounce the words and gives correction if necessary Practising sentences containing the target sounds - T reads the sentences and asks Ss to underline the words with the sounds and write / w / and / j / under them - T asks Ss to practise the sentences in pairs - T goes around to provide help - T asks some Ss to read the sentences and gives feedback Whole class, individual work GRAMMAR and pair work Gerund a presentation: - If necessary T reviews the form and uses of gerunds To save time T may give Ss the handout below: A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding ‘-ing’ The gerund always has the same function as a noun (although it looks like a verb), so it can be used: a as the subject of the sentence: * Reading helps you learn English b as the complement of the verb ‘to be’: * Her favorite hobby is reading c after prepositions The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition: Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 14 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (14) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work * She is good at learning E * They are keen on windsurfing This is also true of certain expressions ending in a preposition, e.g in spite of , there’s no point in : * There’s no point in typing the assignment * In spite of missing the train, we arrived on time d after a number of ‘phrasal verbs’ which are composed os a verb + preposition /adverb Example: To look forward to, to give up, to be for/ against, to take to, to put off, to keep on: * I look forward to hearing from you soon (at the end of a letter) * He kept on asking for a discount e in compound nouns Example: * a driving lesson, a swimming pool, bird-watching, train-spotting It is clear that the meaning is that of a noun, not of a continuous verb Example: * the pool isn’t swimming, it is pool for swimming in f after the expressions can’t help, can’t stand, it’s no use, good, and the adjective worth: * I can’t stand being stuck in traffic jams * It’s no use/good trying to persuade him * It might be worth changing the title of the book b.Practice Exercise - T asks Ss to Exercise individually and then compare their answers with another student - T calls on some Ss to read out their answers - T elicits peer correction and gives correct answers if necessary Answers: hearing bending behaving meeting spending waiting starting Present participle a Presentation - If necessary T reviews the form and uses of present participles To save time T may give Ss the following handout: The present participle of most verbs has the form V-ing and is used in the following ways: a) as part of the continuous form of a verb Example: * I am working * She was dancing b) after verbs of movement / position in the pattern: verb + present participle Example: * My mother used to go shopping everyday Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 17 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (15) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work * He came running towards me This construction is particularly useful with the verb ‘to go’, such as go diving, go fishing, go swimming c)After verbs of perception in the pattern : verb + O +present participle Example: * I heard someone playing the guitar * I can smell something burning! Note: There is a difference in meaning when such a sentence contains a bareinfinitive rather than a participle The infinitive refers to a complete action, but the participle refers to an incomplete action, or part of an action Compare: * I heard Mai playing the piano.(= she had started before I heard her, and probably went on afterwards) * I heard Mai play the piano (= I heard her complete performance) d) as an adjective Example: * It was an interesting film * It’s a bit worrying when the police stop you e) with the verbs spend and waste, in the pattern: verb + time/money expression + present participle Example: * I spend hours a day travelling to work * Don’t waste time playing computer games ! * They’ve spent $4,000 buying that watch f) with the verbs catch and find, in the pattern: verb + O + present participle: With catch, the participle always refers to an action which causes annoyance or anger: * If I catch you stealing my apples again, I’ll tell your parents This is not the case with find, which is unemotional: * We found our dog lying in the bedroom * They found their mother sitting in the garden g) to replace a sentence or part of a sentence: When actions occur at the same time, and are done by the same person or thing, we can use a present participle to describe one of them: * He sang to himself He walked down the road Singing to himself, he walked down the road When one action follows very quickly after another done by the same person or thing, we can express the first action with a present participle: * He put on his coat and left the house Putting on his coat, he left the house The present participle can be used instead of a phrase starting as, since, because, and it explains the cause or reason for an action: * Feeling tired, he went to bed early (= because he felt tired ) * Knowing that she likes roses, he gave her a bunch of red roses on her birthday b Practice Exercise - T asks Ss to exercise in pairs Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 18 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (16) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work - T asks them to compare answers with another pair - T calls on some Ss to go to the board to write their answers - T asks other Ss to feedback and gives correct answers: burning/rising reading lying shopping preparing trying modernizing Perfect gerund and perfect participle a Presentation - T teaches /reviews the form and uses of perfect gerund and perfect participle T might give Ss the handout below: Perfect gerund: - Form: having + p2(having seen, having worked ) - Use: + The perfect gerund can be used instead of the present form of the gerund when we are referring to a past action Example: He was accused of deserting his ship = He was accused of having deserted his ship However, the perfect gerund is used to emphasize completion in both the past and the future Example: The retired teacher recalled having taught Perfect participle: - Form: having + p2(having done, having read ) - Use: + The perfect participle can be used instead of the present participle when one action is immediately followed by another with the same subject Example: Switching off the lights, we went to bed = Having switched off the lights, we went to bed + The perfect participle emphasizes that the first action is complete before the second one starts Example: She bought a bike and cycled home – Having bought a bike, she cycled home + The perfect participle is, however, necessary when there is an interval of time between the actions Example: Having failed twice , he didn’t want to try again + It is also used when the frist action covered a period of time Example : He had been living trere for such a long time that the didn’t want to move to another town – Having lived there for such a long time , he didn’t want to move to another town B Practice : Execise : Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 17 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (17) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work - T asks Ss to Execise individually and then compare their answers with another student - T calls on some Ss to read out their answers - T elicits peer correction and gives correts anwers if necessary Answers : having Having tied Having been Having read having been having taken Production: Describing a park - T shows the Ss the following picture and asks Ss to work individually in three minutes to write a short description of the longest description and use the most gerunds and participles will be the winner The wniner will read out his / her description and other Ss give comment Ss may use the given sentence to begin their description : it was a nice Sunday yesterday , and when I went to Green Park , the biggest park in the town , there a lot of people Suggested description : I saw some people walking leisurely on the grass while some others were lying , talking to one another Many young people were sitting on the grass to ejoy the sun while some old people were sitting under big umbrellas , reading their books In the far corner , I could see some children and their parents eating their picnic lunch At that time I wished to have my family with me so that we could ejoy the peaceful momet together 2’ WRAPPING - T summarises the main points of the lesson - For homework , Ss review the points that have been covered in the lesson and the extra exercises EXTRA EXERCISES I Coplete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses I can’t help (feel ) worried about the sittuation in the East Middle I think most people prefer (ride ) in comfortable cars to (walk) She loves (swim) .in the lake Don’t keep on (shout) like that; you will wake up your mother I enjoy (rest) in the afternoon after (try) to finish (do) .my English homework II Rewrite the sentences replacing the italic part with a present participle or a perfect participle She was talking to her friend and forget everything around her Since we watch the news everyday we know what’s going on in the world They are vegetarians and don’t eat meat The boy asked his mother’s permission and then went out to play As he had drunk too much, he didn’t drive home himself Answers: I feeling riding/walking swimming shouting resting/trying/doing II Talking to her friend, she forgot everything around her Watching the news everyday, we know what’s going on in the world Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 17 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (18) Giaùo aùn Tieáng Anh 11 (CTC) Theme: Education Topic: Volunteer work Being vegetarians, they don’t eat meat Having asked his mother’s permission, the boy went out to play Having drunk too much, he didn’t drive home himself Giáo viên: Đoàn Thị Vẹn Trinh- Tổ Anh Văn 17 Lop11.com Trường Trung Học Phổ Thông Tân An (19)