Cac chifc nang ciia BTT phdt buy duge tdc dung da chifng minh dugc lgi ich eiia san pham nay va mat kbac ciing cho thay BTT ngay cang dugc nhidu khach hang quan tam va sir dung. Dieu [r]
(1)NGHIEN cufu - TRAO DOI j | | | |
ao t h a n h todn (BTT) cd mdt lich suf phdt trien lau dai, la mdt nhifng hinh thifc lau ddi nha't eua tai trg Nhieu chuyen gia cho rdng: BTT khdi ngudn tif each day 4000 nam, tif thdi Hammurabi Hammurabi la vi vua ciia dan tdc Mesopotamia, vd'n dugc menh danh la cdi ndi eda nen van minh n h a n loai Ngay td chufc BTT dang ton tai dudi nhieu hinh thifc va quy md, nhu mpt bd phan cua mdt dinh che tai chinh Idn va phan Idn la nhOmg td chiic tU nhan dieu hanh va sd hifu Nhifng ndm 60 va 70 ciia the ky 20, so lugng cua cac td chife BTT tang dot bien bdi sU gia tang eiia lai sua't Xu budng cang ndi bat vao nhifng n a m 80, ngan hang trd nen qua ddt va Cling nhae ve nhifng quy dinh k h a t khe, cdc doanh nghiep nhd budc phai tim cac ngudn tai chinh kbac phue vu cho viec phdt trien kinh doanh ciia minh Cho den BTT da dugc suf dung rdng rai tren bau bet cdc Chau Luc vdi tdc dp t a n g trudng lien tuc va khd dn dinh
Cd rat nhieu khdi niem khde ve BTT Theo Hiep hdi BTT qud'c te (Factors Chain International), BTT la mdt dich vu tai chinh trpn gdi, ke't hgp viec tai trg vd'n lifu dpng, phdng ngifa riii ro tin dung, theo ddi ng va thu hoi ng Dd la su thoa thuan giUa don vi BTT va ngudi ban,
NGUYEN PHI/6C KINH KHA
Dal hoc Ngdn hang TP.HCM
dd don vi BTT se mua lai khoan phai thu eua ngudi bdn, thudng la khdng truy ddi, dong thdi cd trdeb nhiem dam bao kha nang ehi tra eiia ngUdi mua Neu ngUdi mua phd san hay mat kha nang chi tra vi nbOfng ly tin dung thi don vi BTT se thay ngudi mua tra tien eho ngUdi ban
Theo quy dinh chung ve boat ddng BTT qud'c te an ban t h a n g 06/2004 Hiep hdi BTT qud'c te ban h a n h , thi hgp ddng BTT la mdt hgp ddng, theo dd nha cung cap se chuyen nhugng cdc khoan phai thu (hay mot phan ciia cdc khoan phdi thu) cho mdt don vi BTT, cd the vi bode khdng vi mue dich tai trg, de thuc hien it nha't mdt cdc chife ndng sau day:
• Ke toan sd sach cdc khoan phai thu; • Thu ng cdc khoan phai thu;
• Phdng ngifa riii ro ng xau
• Tai trg cho ngugi ban, bao gom viec cho vay lan viee iing trUdc tien t h a n h todn
Npi dung bai viet se nhin lai tdng the doanh sd BTT tren the gidi thdi gian khoang 10 n a m (1998-2008) va diem lai nbUng qude gia cd doanh so BTT cao tifng khu vUc Bai viet cung xem xet doanh sd BTT tai Viet Nam tif n a m 2005, n a m dau tien phdt sinh doanh so boat ddng BTT, de'n n a m 2008
Cong nghe ngan hang
(2)I NGHIEN cufu - TRAO DOI
Doanh so' BTT the gidi giai doan
1998-2008
B i e u 1: D o a n h so BTT t r e n t h e gidi t r o n g giai d o a n 1998-2008
DOANH THU BAO THANH TOAN TOAN CAU
1400000 1200000 1000000 800000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 N A M
Nguon: imuvu.factors-chain.com
Bieu cung cap mpt cai nhin khdi qudt va day du ve doanh so BTT thdi gian qua Doanh so BTT tren toan the gidi qua 11 nam, tif 1998 den 2008 dugc the hien bdng mdt dudng cd xu hudng di len sau mdi nam Dieu cbiifng td BTT cang khang dinh vi tri quan trgng cua minh Nam 1998, tdng doanh sd BTT la 456,506 trieu EUR, doanh sd tang qua cac n a m vdi ti le kha cao va ben vifng Trong sudt 11 ndm, doanh so BTT the gidi ludn tang, vdi tdc dp tang qua eae ndm ed kbac Ty le tang cao nha't la n a m 1999 so vdi nam 1998 dat 21.99%, vdi doanh sd n a m 1999 dat 556,877 trieu EUR Bdn nam gan day, tif 2004 de'n 2007, ti le tdng deu tren 10% Tdng doanh s d n a m 2008 da dat tdi 1,325,111 trieu EUR so vdi 1,299,127 trieu EUR ndm 2007 va neu xet ve so tuyet ddi thi sau 11 nam, doanh so nghiep vu BTT toan the gidi da tang gan gap lan
Trong toan bp boat dpng BTT, doanh sd BTT qud'c te mdi n a m t a n g r a t dang ghi n h a n N a m 1998, doanh sd BTT qud'c te dat 26,672 trieu EUR, n a m 2003 doanh so' tang gap gan lan, vdi doanh sd 47,735 trieu EUR, de'n n a m 2008, doanh sd dat 176,168 trieu EUR, t a n g gap hon 6.6 lan so vdi n a m 1998 Day qua la chi so dang khich le
Tuy nhien, BTT qud'c te chie'm ti trpng khdng Idn tdng doanh sd' BTT toan the gidi Sudt ndm, tif n a m 1998 de'n n a m 2006, ti trgng ludn nhd hcfn 10% Ti trpng mdi n a m cd bien dpng nbUng khdng dang ke" BTT npi dia van giU ti trgng r a t cao tong doanh so BTT
Chau Au la thi trUdng dan dau ciia nghiep vu BTT tren toan the gidi Ndm 2008, doanh sd cua
thi trudng Chau Au dat 888,533 trieu EUR, chie'm 67.05% tong doanh sd BTT t r e n toan the gidi Doanh so t h i trudng n a y ciing gia t a n g r a t nhanh so vdi cdc thi trudng cdn lai
B a n g 1: Ti t r o n g BTT quo'c te' v a n o i dia t r o n g t o n g d o a n h so' BTT t r e n the' gidi giai d o a n 1998-2008
Nim 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Qu6c tl (Tri^u EUR) 26.672.00 33.392.00 44.843.00 41.023.00 42.916.00 47.735.00 68.265.00 86.486.00 103.690.00 145.995.00 176.168.00 Tilf (%) 5.84 6.00 7.19 5.98 5.93 6.28 7.94 8.51 9.14 11.24 13.30 Nfidja (Tri^u EUR) 429.834.00 523.485.00 578.997.00 644,659.00 681.281.00 712.657.00 791.950.00 930.061.00 1.030.598.00 1.153.131,00 1.148.943.00 Til? (%) 94.16 94.00 92.81 94.02 94.07 93.72 92.06 91.49 90.86 88,76 86.70
T^Dg doanh s6 (Triju EUR) 456.506.00 556.877.00 623.840.00 685.682.00 724.197.00 760.392.00 860.215.00 1.016.547.00 1.134.288.00 1.299.127.00 1.325.111.00 NsuSn: www.factors-chain.com
B a n g 2: D o a n h so' BTT c u a c a c thi triidfng t r e n the' gidfi t r o n g giai d o a n 2001-2008
(Ban vi tinh: trieu EUR) Nam
Chiu Au C b i u M
Chau Phi Chau A Chiu iW 2001 468.326 127.15T 5.801 'e.ms 8J20 2002 522.851 115J01 6.203 69.850 9.992 2003 546.935 104.542 5.840 89.096 13.979 2004 612.504 110.094 1.586 111.614 18.417 2005 715.486 135.630 6.237 135.814 23J80 2006 806.983 140.944 8„^13 149.995 27.853 2007 929.756 150.219 10.705 174.667 33,780 2008 888.533 1.54.450 I3J63 235.619 33J46 Nguon: www.factors-chain.com
Vi tri thif hai ve doanh so' la cudc canh tranh giifa thi trudng Chau My va Chau A Tif n a m 1998 de'n n d m 2003, Chau My giU vi tri thif hai ve doanh sd BTT NhUng ke tif n a m 2004 da cd sif dao chieu vdi sif biic phd ciia thi trUdng Chau A N a m 2008, tong doanh sd BTT cua Chau A la 235,619 trieu EUR, dd tdng doanh sd thi trudng Chau My dat 154,450 trieu EUR
O K h u wic C h a u A u
Qud'c gia cd doanh sd BTT cao nha't qua nam, tif 2001 de'n 2007 la Anh Doanh sd BTT cua qud'c gia khdng nhifng dimg vi tri sd tai Chau Au
Cong nghe ngan hang
(3)NGHIEN cufu-TRAO DOI |
ma cdn gia tang rd't n h a n h qua cac nam Va neu nhin vao n a m 2007, chung ta de dang n h a n tha'y doanh sd cua Anh da cao bon gap ddi so vdi nUdc Y, qud'c gia cd doanh sd Idn thif tai Chau Au vao n a m 2007 Cac qude gia cd doanh so Ion tiep theo d thi trudng lan lugt la Phdp, Difc va Tay Ban Nha Trong hai n a m 2006 va 2007, Chau Au da cd ba qud'c gia ed doanh sd BTT vugt qua 100,000 trieu EUR, dd la Anh, Y va Phdp Nam 2008, mac dii vdn cd doanh so BTT cao nha't Chau Au nhUng Anh khdng cdn giU dugc khoang cdch so vdi qude gia difng thif hai la P h a p so vdi cdc n a m trUdc, doanh so BTT nude Anh n a m 2008 cd su sut giam manh, tif 286,496 trieu EUR ndm 2007 xudng cdn
188,000 trieu EUR Khu vifc Chau My
Qud'c gia cd doanh so BTT cao nha't ciia Chau My chinh la My Doanh so' BTT cua nude tuong ddi dn dinh, khdng tang nhieu va deu dan nhu Anh d Chau Au Trong bdn nam, tif 2005 de'n 2008, doanh so' BTT nude n a y xd'p xi so' 100,000 trieu EUR, khdng cd bien dpng Idn, n a m 2008 dat 100,000 trieu EUR Va My la qud'c gia nha't d Chau My dat va tri dugc doanh so BTT miifc cao Qude gia ed doanh sd BTT Idn thif hai d Chau My nhieu n a m la Brazil Tuy nhien, doanh sd ciia nUde tuong ddi thap, chi miifc khoang 1/5 so vdi doanh so ciia nUdc My
O Khu vufc C h a u A
Tai Chau A, Nhat la qud'c gia cd doanh sd BTT cao nha't tif nam 2002 den nam 2007 Doanh sd BTT cd xu hudng tang qua cac nam va tUOng dd'i dn dinh Diing thii hai la Dai Loan, tiep theo vi tri thif ba va thiif tu thude v l Trung Qud'c va Hdng Kdng Rieng nam 2008 da cd sU biic phd manh ve doanh so Thif nhat doanh sd BTT ciia Nhat tang vpt tif 77,721 trieu EUR nam 2007 len 106,500 trieu EUR n a m 2008 Thii bai, lan dau tien ke tif 2002, Trung Qud'c da vugt Dai Loan ve doanh sd BTT, doanh sd BTT Trung Qud'c ndm 2008 la 55,000 trieu EUR, cua Dai Loan la 48,750 trieu EUR Mifc tang cua Trung Qud'c rat dang ghi nhan, n h a t la tif n a m 2005 de'n n a m 2007, nam sau doanh sd tdng hon gap ddi nam trUdc dd, rieng n a m 2008 dat 55,000 trieu EUR so vdi 32,976 trieu EUR nam 2007 Va rd rang day la mpt thi trudng day tiem nang
O Khu viic C h a u U c
Doanh sd BTT ciia Ue gia tdng r a t n h a n h va on dinh Nam 2001, doanh sd' ciia nude chi dat 7,910 trieu EUR, den n a m 2008, doanh sd da
len den 32,546 trieu EUR, tang hon lan so vdi n a m 2001 Rd rang nghiep vu BTT da xudt bien va phan nao da the hien dugc tam quan tai Chau Ue, tUOng lai, nghiep vu cd the edn phdt trien m a n h han nCfa
O Khu vu'c C h a u P h i
Tai Chau Phi hien chi cd bdn qude gia cd sU xuat bien cua nghiep vu BTT Trong dd, ndi trdi nha't la Nam Phi, nhung vdi doanh sd vdn edn rat khiem tdn Cac quoc gia cdn lai gdm: Morocco, Tunisia, Ai cap cd doanh so khdng ddng ke
Tdm lai, Chau Au la thi trudng cd doanh so BTT cao nhat, dd Anh la qude gia cd doanh sd cao nha't thi trUdng ciing nhu tren toan the gidi Doanh so BTT ciia Anh cao hon rat nhieu so vdi cdc nudc cdn lai va van cd xu hudng gia tang manh me Trong bdn thi trudng cdn lai ngoai Chau Au, thi Chau A va Chau My la bai thi trUdng day tiem ndng cua nghiep vu BTT Nhin sau bon nCfa ve viec van dung nghiep vu BTT thi tha'y rd rang rdng ca bdn chiie ndng ciia BTT deu dugc van dung mdt cdch Hnh boat BTT mien truy ddi cd doanh sd cao nha't, ke de'n la chiet kha'u hda don, BTT cd truy ddi va thu hd Cac chifc nang ciia BTT phdt buy duge tdc dung da chifng minh dugc lgi ich eiia san pham va mat kbac ciing cho thay BTT cang dugc nhidu khach hang quan tam va sir dung Dieu md mdt ca hpi Idn cho cac don vi BTT
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