Vai trò của hoạt động dịch trong việc học thuật ngữ tài chính ngân hàng đối với sinh viên biên phiên dịch trong cuốn sách tiếng anh tài chính ngân hàng

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION GRADUATION PAPER THE ROLES OF TRANSLATION ACTIVITIES IN LEARNING FINANCIAL AND BANKING TERMINOLOGY IN THE BOOK “ENGLISH FOR FINANCE AND BANKING” BY ASSOC PROF DR NGUYEN XUAN THOM TO FELTE STUDENTS MAJORING IN TRANSLATION Supervisor: Nguyễn Thị Thanh Vân, M.Ed Student: Đỗ Thị Ngoan Course: QH 2011 F1 E20 HÀ NỘI_2015 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƢỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ KHOA SƢ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHĨA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP VAI TRỊ CỦA HOẠT ĐỘNG DỊCH TRONG VIỆC HỌC THUẬT NGỮ TÀI CHÍNH NGÂN HÀNG ĐỐI VỚI SINH VIÊN BIÊN PHIÊN DỊCH TRONG CUỐN SÁCH “TIẾNG ANH TÀI CHÍNH NGÂN HÀNG” CỦA PGS.TS NGUYỄN XUÂN THƠM Giáo viên hƣớng dẫn:Nguyễn Thị Thanh Vân, M.Ed Sinh viên:Đỗ Thị Ngoan Khóa: QH2010.F1.E20 HÀ NỘI – 2015 I hereby state that I: Đỗ Thị Ngoan, QH.11.E.20, being a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (TEFL) accept the requirements of the College relating to the retention and use of Bachelor’s Graduation Paper deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the origin of my paper deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the librarian for the care, loan or reproduction of the paper Signature Đỗ Thị Ngoan Date: June, th 2015 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS On the completion of this thesis, I wish to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Nguyen Thi Thanh Van, M.Ed who gave me benefit of her wisdom and her expert knowledge in English for Specific Purposes as well as her constant encouragement from the very first stage of shaping the idea for the thesis, working out the research proposal to the final stage of writing up the thesis Without her critical comments and valuable suggestions, this study could not have been completed I owe a special debt of gratitude to my lecturer Nguyen Thuy Phuong Lan who shared with me valuable experiences in choosing the topic and gave me useful lectures during the course of English for Finance and Banking I also take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all lecturers in the Faculty of English Language Teacher Education, ULIS, VNU for their useful lectures Next, my grateful appreciation goes to participants from 11E20, 11E18, and 11E19 Without them, this study cannot be accomplished Last but not least, I would like to thank my parents, my friends who have been a constant source of encouragement, support, love, and care during the course of my writing i ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of translation activities in the acquisition of financial and banking terms in the “English for Finance and Banking” course Next, it attempted to provide recommendations for better integrating translation activities into the course This study was based on a brief theoretical literature overview, analysis of the results from the survey questionnaires and the translation test The findings of the survey suggested that translation was an effective tool for students’ acquisition of financial and banking terms in the “English for Finance and Banking” course in the Faculty of English Language Teacher Education, ULIS, VNU ii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Statement of the research question 1.2 Research objectives 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Significance of the study 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Organization of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Terminology 2.1.1 Definition of terminology 2.1.2 Main characteristics of terminology 2.2 Translation 2.2.1 Definition of translation 2.2.2 Translation as an ELT methodology 2.2.3 Translation as a vocabulary builder 2.2.4 Translation activities in the “English for Finance and Banking” course CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY 11 3.2 Materials 11 3.3 Data collection procedures 12 3.4 Data analysis 12 iii CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 14 4.1 The efficiency of translation activities in learning financial and banking terms 14 4.2 Suggestions for better applying translation activities to the course 28 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS 30 5.1 Conclusions 30 5.2 Limitations and suggestions for further studies 31 REFERENCES 32 APPENDIXES 34 iv LIST OF TABLE AND FIGURES TABLE AND FIGURES Table Participants’ translations of the most commonly mistranslated terms and recommended translations by the researcher Figure Participants' improvement in their translation of financial and banking terms Figure Students' evaluation of the importance of financial and banking terms in the course Figure Students' perception on their acquisition of financial and banking terms through translation activities Figure Students' perception on their opportunity to apply financial and banking terms during translation activities Figure Students' perception on their teacher's explanation of new terms Figure Students' perception on their opportunity to have translation errors related to financial and banking terms corrected by the teacher Figure Students' perception on their ability to discuss the translation of financial and banking terms with their partners Figure Students' perception on their understanding of the content of financial and banking terms through translation activities Figure Students' perception on the importance of translation activities to their acquisition of financial and banking terms v ABBREVIATIONS FELTE: Faculty of English Language Teacher Education EFL: English as Foreign Language ESP: English for Specific Purposes vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION This chapter aims to present the research statement, research objectives, research questions, research significance, scope of the research, and the organization of the study 1.1 Statement of the research question The financial system plays a vital role in the functioning of any economy as a whole, and banks are central to the financial system The financial system has become even more important to Vietnam, a developing country trying to further integrate into the global market During its globalization, there is a significant increase in financial and banking activities with other countries As a result, the number of financial documents in English is ever-increasing, creating a considerable need demand for understanding these documents for successful transactions Given the importance of comprehending financial and banking documents, there is a question, which is how to fully understand financial and banking texts in English William and Chesterman (2002) attach great importance to high level of knowledge and proficiency of the related terminology in an attempt to understand technical texts, including ones in economics In addition, Leonardi (2009) believes that a large number of culture-bound terms are one of the characteristics of business and financial texts which students should know to boost their comprehension of the text It is evident that terminology plays a pivotal part in technical texts in general and financial and banking texts in particular There is a number of learning strategies of terminology, namely repetition, dictionary, social strategies and so on Among them is the strategy of learning terminology through translation activities The researcher was studying the course “English for Finance and Banking” at the time of this research, and translation is among the most popular REFERENCES Baker, M (1998) Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies Routledge Catford, J C (1965) A linguistic theory of translation Oxford: OUP Do, H C (1981) Các bình diện từ vựng từ tiếng việt Hà Nội: NXB ĐHQGHN Nguyen, T G (1998) Từ vựng học tiếng việt Hà Nội: NXB Đại Học Trung Học Chuyên Nghiệp Luu, V L (1977) Về vấn đề xây dựng thuật ngữ khoa học Hà Nội: NXB Lao Động Xã Hội Laufer, B & Girsai, N (2008) Form-focused instruction in second language vocabulary learning: A case for contrastive analysis and translation Applied Linguistics, 29 (4), 694-716 Leonardi, V (2009) Teaching business English through translation Jounal of Language and Translation Newmark, P (1981) Approaches to translation Oxford: Prentice Hall Newmark, P (1988) A textbook of translation Oxford: Prentice Hall International Newmark, P (1995) A textbook of translation New York: Prentice Hall Newson, D (1988) Making the best of a bad job: The teaching and testing of translation Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Association Nida, E A (1964) Toward a science of translating Leiden: E J Brill 32 Pratt (1991) “L’importance de la Traduction a Vue Pour l’Enseignment de l’Interpretation et de la Traduction” Proceedings, XII Congrés Internacional de la FIT, Belgrado Robinson, P (1991) ESP today: A practitioner's guide London: Prentice Hall International Sofer, M (1999) The translator's handbook Rockville: Maryland Tran, T (n.d.) Factors affecting ESP vocabulary learning at Hanoi Community College MA thesis, ULIS, HN 33 APPENDICES Appendix 1: Translation Test Instruction: This test consists of 20 E-V or V-E sentences extracted from the book “English for Finance and Banking” by Assoc Prof Dr Nguyen Xuan Thom Put a tick next to the best translation for each item, particularly, pay attention to equivalents for financial and banking terms in bold Question 1: Trong phần trước, thấy công dụng đo lường giá trị tiền tệ xuất phát từ mục đích xác định sở để trao đổi a In the first part, we can see that the function of money as a measure of value is derived from the purpose of lay the foundation for exchange b In the first part, money as measure of value is originated from the need to determine an exchange basis c In the first part, money’s role as a measure of value is derived from the need to identify a medium of exchange Question 2: Trong chế độ hàng đổi hàng, việc mua bán liền có nghĩa muốn bán phải mua a In Goods for goods exchange system, that buying and selling go together means to sell is to buy at the same time b In good for good formula, buying and selling always go along with each other, this means it’s compulsory to sell if participants want to buy c In the barter system, acts of sale and purchase of an individual go together, which means to buy something, an individual must at the same time sell something else 34 Question 3: Chính người nhận thấy tiền có đặc tính khoản tức dễ dàng huy động vào toán a Therefore, people consider money a currency of payment which means it can be easily mobilized for payment b Therefore, people can realize the function of debt paying ability in money which means “easily to mobilize and to pay c Therefore, people realize that money has high liquidity, which means money is easily used for payment Question 4: Có lẽ ngoạn mục tăng giảm cung ứng tiền thông qua hoạt động thị trường mở, nơi ngân hàng trung ương bán mua số lượng lớn chứng khoán trái phiếu kho bạc phủ a Most spectacularly, central banks can increase or decrease the money supply by using open market operations, in which they sell or buy a great number of securities such as government bonds b Perhaps the most spectacular thing is the increase or decrease of the money supply through activities of the open market, in which the central banks can sell or buy a great number of securities such as government bonds c Possibly the most spectacular thing is to increase or decrease the money supply through the open market, where central banks buy or sell a great amount of securities like government bonds Question 5: Kết dự trữ ngoại tệ giảm sút khiến địa vị kinh tế quốc gia suy yếu theo a Consequently, foreign currency store decreases, which brings about the decline of national economy status 35 b This results in the decrease of foreign currency accumulation, and accordingly impairing the nation’s economic status c Consequently, foreign currency reserve drops, which lowers the nation’s economic status Question 6: Những người có mức thu nhập ổn định công nhân viên chức, cán hưu trí…nay nhận thấy mức thu nhập thực tế giảm sút giá tăng, sức mua đồng tiền giảm a People whose have fixed income such as workers, jobholders, retired people…now realize that their own income have shortened because of rising price and falling purchasing power of money b Fixed-income people such as officials and retired people now realize their real incomes have dropped as a result of price increase and falling purchasing power of money c Fixed income people such as the official and the retiree realize that their income reduce due to both increase in price and decrease in purchasing power Question 7: Ngược lại kinh tế có biểu phát triển nóng, ngân hàng trung ương tăng lãi suất tiền cho vay nhờ hãm bớt tăng trưởng kinh tế a In contrast, if the economy shows signs of overheating growth, central banks can increase lending interest rates to curb the economic growth b However, if the economy develops so hot, central banks will increase interest rates so that they can reduce the economic growth 36 c On the other hand, if the economy has symptoms of hot growth, central banks can raise the discount rates to reduce economic growth Question 8: Sở giao dịch chứng khốn doanh nghiệp nhà nước doanh nghiệp cổ phần, hiệp hội có tư cách pháp nhân hoạt động kinh doanh chứng khoán a Stock exchange may be a state-owned enterprise, or joint-stock enterprise, or association with legal personality securities business b A stock exchange may be a state-owned enterprise, a joint-stock company, or a legal entity running stock business c Stock exchange can be a state-owned or joint-stock enterprise or an association with legal person status operating in securities business Question 9: Sở giao dịch chứng khoán New York thị trường chứng khốn có tổ chức lâu đời lớ nước Mỹ a New York stock transaction office is the biggest and long-standing organized stock market in America b New York Stock Exchange Department, the biggest one in the US, has appeared for a long time c New York Stock Exchange is the oldest and biggest stock market in the USA Question 10: Thay nhận tiền gửi tiền cho vay công việc thông thường ngân hàng, ngân hàng trung ương (như cục dự trữ liên bang Mỹ ngân hàng Nhật Bản) kiểm soát kinh tế cách tăng hoăc giảm mức cung tiền 37 a Instead of receiving and lending money loans just as other commercial banks usually do, central banks (such as Federal Reserve System or Bank of Japan) regulate the economy through increasing or decreasing the money supply b Instead of receiving deposits and providing loans just as other commercial banks, central banks (such as Federal Reserve, or Bank of Japan) regulate the economy through increasing or decreasing the money supply c Instead of receiving and lending as common function of every bank, central banks (like the Federal Reserve or Bank of Japan) control economy system through increasing or decreasing the money supply Question 11: Việc làm tăng cung ứng tiền nhanh chóng hiệu ứng nhân rộng a This will lead to a rapid expansion of the money supply thanks to the multiplier effect b This will quickly increase the money supply due to scaling effects c Accordingly, the money supply will rise because of the mounting effect Question 12: Thực chất ngân hàng trung ương luôn tạo tiền, tung tiền để mua trái phiếu thị trường mở a In fact, central banks always create money, they pump money to buy stocks in the open market b In fact, central banks always generate money, they buy bonds in open market 38 c In fact central banks always creates money, it injects money to buy securities in the open market Question 13: Đây hậu tất yếu việc giá đối ngoại đối nội đồng tiền, khiến tỉ giá hối đoái tăng… a This is an inevitable consequence of currency depreciation in the internal and external value that makes foreign exchange rate increase b This is an unavoidable consequence of the situation in which money loses its domestic and foreign values, causing exchange rate to increase c This is an inevitable consequence of the devaluation of foreign and domestic money, which increases foreign exchange rate Question 14: Có thể nói lạm phát thứ thuế vơ hình đánh vào thu nhập ổn định người ăn lương a Inflation is probably said to be an intangible tax levied on fixed incomes of wage people b It is possible to say that inflation is an invisible tax levied on fixed income of workers c Inflation is possibly considered an intangible tax imposed on wage earners with fixed incomes Question 15: Đánh thuế theo lợi ích tức gắn khoản thuế người phải đóng góp với lợi ích mà người hưởng a The benefits-received principle of taxation requires a person to pay tax for benefits he gains 39 b Tax imposed according to benefits is to attach taxes a person has to pay to benefits he enjoys c Benefits taxation means combining taxes a person has to pay with benefits he gets Question 16: Thus, government fiscal spending and tax policies should be used to maintain full output and employment levels a Chính sách chi tiêu thuế tài phủ nên sử dụng để trì sản lượng việc làm đầy đủ b Do đó, phủ cần áp dụng sách tài khóa chi tiêu thuế để trì mức sản lượng tối ưu tồn dụng nhân cơng c Chính phủ cần áp dụng sách thuế chi tiêu tài để giữ mức sản lượng việc làm tối đa Question 17: People with relatively fixed incomes, particularly those in lowincome groups, suffer during accelerating inflation, while those with flexible bargaining power may keep pace with or even benefit from inflation a Những người có thu nhập ổn định,đặc biệt làm việc cơng ty có thu nhập thấp bị ảnh hưởng lạm phát gia tăng, người có sức trả giá linh hoạt theo kip hay chí thu lợi từ lạm phát b Những người có thu nhập ổn định tương đối, đặc biệt người nhóm thu nhập thấp phải chịu đựng thời kỳ lạm phát tăng tốc người có khả mặc linh hoạt theo kịp chí có lợi từ lạm phát 40 c Những người có thu nhập tương đối ổn định, đặc biệt nhóm người có thu nhập thấp phải chịu gánh nặng lạm phát gia tăng người có khả xoay xở tài lại theo kịp chí có lợi nhờ lạm phát Question 18: Officials may also anticipate paying larger budgets with tax revenues from inflated incomes a Các quan chức thu đƣợc tiền thuế nhiều nhờ thu nhập bị thổi phồng b Các quan chức đốn trước việc trả ngân sách nhiều với doanh thu thuế từ thu nhập bị thổi phồng c Các quan chức phải trả tiền thuế nhiều thu nhập bị thổi phồng Question 19: Government spending rises because many programs are explicitly, or informally, indexed to inflation rates to preserve the real value of government services and transfers of income a Chi tiêu phủ tăng chương trình cơng khai hay khơng cơng khai tính theo số lạm phát để đảm bảo giá trị thực dịch vụ phủ cung cấp việc thu nhập đƣợc chuyển đổi b Chi tiêu phủ tăng nhiều chương trình thức khơng thức tính theo tỉ lệ lạm phát để giữ giá trị thực tế dịch vụ phủ khoản chuyển giao thu nhập 41 c Chi tiêu phủ tăng nhiều chương trình cơng khai hay khơng thức tính theo số lạm phát để giữ giá trị thực dịch vụ phủ nhƣờng lại thu nhập Question 20: Those dependent on assets with fixed nominal values, such as savings accounts, pensions, insurance policies, and long-term debt instruments, suffer erosion of real wealth a Những người phụ thuộc vào tài sản với giá trị danh nghĩa cố định TK tiết kiệm lương hưu, sách bảo hiểm văn kiện nợ nần dài hạn phải gánh chịu xói mịn cải b Những người phụ thuộc vào giá trị danh nghĩa cố định tài khoản tiết kiệm, lương hưu, sách bảo hiểm tài liệu nợ nần dài hạn chịu đựng xói mịn tài sản thực c Những người phụ thuộc vào loại có giá trị danh nghĩa cố định tài khoản tiết kiệm, lương hưu, sách bảo hiểm, cơng cụ nợ dài hạn phải gánh chịu xói mịn giá trị thực tế tài sản Thank you for your cooperation! 42 Appendix 2: Survey questionnaires I Introduction I am conducting research on “The roles of translation activities in learning financial and banking terminology in the book “English for Finance and Banking” by Assoc Prof Dr Nguyen Xuan Thom to FELTE students majoring in translation” This questionnaire asks about your personal thoughts and opinion about the efficiency of translation activities and your constructive suggestions for how to better apply translation activities I value your honest and detailed responses Your responses will be kept in the strictest confidentiality Thank you so much for taking your time to complete this questionnaire II Questions The efficiency of translation activities Question 1: How you evaluate the importance of financial and banking terminology in the course? Please put a tick in the box next to your answer □ Very important □ Important □ Neutral □ Unimportant Direction: for question from to7, please indicate your level of agreement or disagreement with each of the statements Place and “X” mark in the box of your answer Question Statement Strongl y agree Agree Neutra Disagr Strongly l ee disagree 43 Question Through translation activities, you acquire some equivalents financial of and banking terms Question In translation exercises, you can apply the financial and banking terms in each chapter Question During your translation teacher activities, explains new financial and banking terms in Vietnamese Question Through translation activities, your teacher points out your translation errors regarding financial and banking terms Question During translation activities, you are encouraged to discuss the translation of financial and banking terms with your partners Direction: For questions from to 13, please put a tick in the box of your answer Question 7: To what extent you understand the meaning of financial and banking terms through translation activities? 44 □ Good understanding □ Understanding □Neutral □ No understanding Question 8: How did you find translation exercises in learning financial and banking terminology? □ Very useful □ Useful □ Neutral □ Useless Suggestions for how to better apply translation activities Question 9: What method you think to be the best for your acquisition of new financial and banking terms? □ New terms are explained more thoroughly □ There are more post-translation activities to help students with the process of new terms recycling and acquisition □ Students should be better equipped with background knowledge before starting the course □ Other (please specify): …………………………………………………… Question 10: How you evaluate the difficulty level of translation materials? □ Very difficult □ Difficult □ Neutral □ Easy Very easy Question 11: What is your favorite translation activity in the course? □ Translation exercises after each chapter □ Sight translation □ Other (please specify): …………………………………………………… 45 Question 12: What is your favorite way of new terms’ explanation? □ Explaining in English □ Explaining in Vietnamese □ Explaining through examples of the new context □ Let students predict through the context and the hint Thank you so much for your cooperation!  46 ... HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƢỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ KHOA SƢ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP VAI TRÒ CỦA HOẠT ĐỘNG DỊCH TRONG VIỆC HỌC THUẬT NGỮ TÀI CHÍNH NGÂN HÀNG ĐỐI VỚI SINH VIÊN BIÊN PHIÊN DỊCH... ĐỐI VỚI SINH VIÊN BIÊN PHIÊN DỊCH TRONG CUỐN SÁCH “TIẾNG ANH TÀI CHÍNH NGÂN HÀNG” CỦA PGS.TS NGUYỄN XUÂN THƠM Giáo viên hƣớng dẫn:Nguyễn Thị Thanh Vân, M.Ed Sinh viên: Đỗ Thị Ngoan Khóa: QH2010.F1.E20... Benefits taxation Chính sách chi tiêu Các sách tài khóa thuế spending and tax policies tài chi tiêu thuế phủ - Chính sách thuế chi tiêu tài 17 Flexible bargaining power - Sức trả giá linh hoạt Khả mặc