Tieu chi danh gia muc do xam hai cua SVNL tai VQGPNKB

SINH HOC frEU CHi DANH GL\ MirC DO xAM HAl CVA SINH vAT NGOAI LAI T~I KHU VVc VUON Qu6c GIA PHONG NHA - KE BANci vo Van Tri, Bui NgQcThanh, , Ban quem Ii' Vuan Qu8c gia Phong Nha - :1 !~ Ke Bang Email: research.pnkb@gmail.com I~ ~l Trin Xuan Mui, Nguy~n Thai Dung MonAu If, Sinh V?t ngo~~ lai xam hC;li,co anh hUOng nghiem trQ~g dSn h~ sinh thai, da d~ng sinh hQCva san xuat Ljc~ su the giai dii chUng minh, Cl)the truOng hQ'Pea ro song Nile (Lates niloticus) dii lam tuy~t chung han 200 loai ca bim dja duQ'c nh?P vao h6 Lake Victoria th?p ky 1960 Sua luQ'c (Mnemiopsis leidyi), ngu6n g6c ill vUng Bi~n Dai Tay Duang, gay m6i tham hQa cAp dinh duang nhu nh?P vao vling bi~'n Den Loai sua c~nh tranh thuc an (dQng V?t phu du) d6i vm loai ban dja va cac loai nuoi tr6ng anh hUOng nghiem trQng dSn ngh~ ca cua vling Cac 10M chuQt xarn h~i gay tuy~t chUng d6i vm loai chim bi~n va quAn th~ cua chim bi~n giam dang k~ a rnuc dQ toan cAu Cac nghien Clru dii chi co 03 loai chuQt xam h~i la chuQt den (Rattus rattus) co nguy h~i 16'n nhAt d6i vai 10M chim bi~n tiSp la chuQt Na Uy (R.norvegicus) va chUQtTau (R exulans) (IDCN, 2012) Theo M~ng lum Toan cAu Chuyen gia v~ 10ai xam h~i (ISSG) thuQc IUCN, uac tinh chi phi gay h~i va ki~rn soat ngo~i lai hang nam cua nuac My phai la han 138 tri~u la T~ Anh, hang narn phai mAt 344 tri~u USD cho vi~c di~t trir cac loai co d~i ngo~i lai gay h~i New Zealand d\l kiSn ban dAu phai chi phi tm 267 - 602 tri~u USD d~ tieu di~t loai ve gay nguy hi~rn cho t6 ong m?t, nhien di~t trir qua rnuQn nen phai d6i hoi rnQt kS ho~ch giam thi~u tac d{mg vai chi phi d\l kiSn la 1,3 tY USD giai do~n dAu Trong do, nong dan Philippin dii rnft gAn ty USD cac rnua V\l 6c bu6iv6i ph~m vi nucrc va Phong Nha - Ke Bang noi rieng, cac nghien cUu hAu nhu chua d~ c~p d~n phan loai milc dQ xam h~i CoosO' phan muc d{) xam h.~i Theo Kevin Heffernan Stewardship, 2014, milc dQ xam h~i (I-Ranks) chia lam 03 cap: Milc xam h~i cao (H), gay h~i nghiem trQng d~n cac 10cliban dja, quAn xii t1Jnhien ho?c kinh t~; Milc xam h~i trung binh (M), gay h~i trung binh d~n cac loai ban dja, quAn xii t1Jnhien ho?c kinh t~; Milc xam nguy h~i thip (L); gay h~i thip d~n cac loai ban dja, quAn xii t1Jnhien ho?c kinh t~ Mirc dQ nguy h~i trung binh Milc xam h~i tang theo cac tieu chi: Thay d&i qua trioo t1J nhien nhu dong chay, tinh chit hoa hQc cua dit; xam nh~p van cac khu VlJCt1Jnhien; gay tac dQng tieu C\lCd~n cac 10Mban dja quy hi~m va khu bao t6n t1JOOien; phan b6 rQng; phat tan d~n cac nm m6i; dn thi~t phai co ngu6n l\lc dS quan ly va kiSm soat Gk day, cac OOakhoa hQc khuy~n nghj dua cap dQ xam h~i: Xam h~i nghiem trQng (MA), Xam h~i cao (MR), Xam h~i vila (MO), it xam h~i (MI) va Rit it xam (ML), thi~u dfr li~u (DD) A , ~lilUJ~iii!JilBa~ ' _ ~fhsJle~~Q~ Dli dO'lieu Loai ngol;li Dli danh gia Tiftca Thieu dO' lieu (Data deficient - DO) Khong phai ngo

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