Tải GIÁO TRÌNH HÁN NGỮ 5 QUYỂN HẠ và THƯỢNG PDF TIẾNG VIỆT [Mới]

TuhocOnline.edu.vn.. Ban bien dich va bien soan sach ngoai van.. HaiPhongVip.[r]

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NHA XUAT BAN DA.I HOC QUOC GIA HA N<)I "

BAN BIEN DICH

Chu bien: Trio Thj Thanh Liem

Hoang Khai Hung (Huang Ke Xing) - Hoang Tra - Nguyen Thuy Nga N guyen Thi Thanh Thuy - Dinh Thi Thanh Nga

Pham N gee Ham - Nguy Sn Thi Thuy Hanh - Tr~n Thi Thanh Mai Dao Phong Luu - Pham Van Quay - Hoang Van Tufrn Tr~n Hoai Thu - Vii Thi Thu Thuy - Nguyen Thi Luyen

T!P III - QUYEN THVQNG

•

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HANYU JIAOCHENG

~w~~rH 3=ffiffl

ffi HJ}

t

GIAO TRINH HAN NGU

DAI HOC HA N<)I DAI HOC DAI NAM

HaiPhongVip

https://www.youtube.com/user/haiphongvip2010/videos

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•

B{> Ghio trinh Han ngft moi cua tac gia Duong Ky Chau chu bien, Nha

xuat ban Dai hoc N gon ngfr Bile Kinh phat hanh lfin duce sira d6i va b6 sung tren CO' so cua b{> Giao trinh Han ngft tnroc day ma quy doc gia da

dung thac sy tieng Han - Giang vien chinh Trfin Thi Thanh Liem chu bien dich va bien soan b6 sung

Giao trinh Han ngft moi voi nhtrng thay d6i vS thir tu cac bai hoc, phan giai thich, tu moi, n{>i dung da duce tac gia b6 sung va d6i moi, vay nguoi hoc se co the tiSp thu nhfrng kien thirc rnoi hon, hieu qua hon va tich hoc t~p se duce nang cao hon

B{> Glao trinh Han ngft ftn ban lfin gom t~p (chia cuon)

T~p co 30 bai, gom cuon, m6i cuon 15 bai Tap co 20 bai, g6m cuon, m6i cuon 10 bai Tap co 26 bai, gom cuon, m6i cuon 13 bai

B{> Giao trinh Han ngft ftn ban moi gom 76 bai voi noi dung tir dS

dSn kh6 Bi\t dfiu tir luyen t~p ngfr am CO' ban cua tieng Han, tir d6 tien hanh

giang day kSt ciu ngfr phap, ngfr nghia va ngir dung; cuoi cung Ia giai doan giang day ngfr doan, thong qua S\J' hieu biet sau hon vs ngfr phap va van dung tu ngir, de nang cao hon ntra kha nang bieu dat doan van cua nguoi hoc,

M6i bai hoc bao gom cac phan: Bai kh6a

2 Tu moi Chu thich

4 Ngfr phap, ngfr am Luyen t~p

Giao trinh Han ngft moi co 3300 tu moi Phfin bai khoa va noi dung dam thoai co quan h~ chu diem d6ng nhat voi bai luyen doc phan bai tap, tren CO' so bang tu moi cua tung bai Chu diem bai khoa bao g6m nhieu Iinh

V\J'C dai song hang ngay, gioi thieu nhirng kien thirc vs dftt mroc va ngiroi Trung Quoc nham tang cirong su hieu biet d6i_v6i dftt mroc Trung Hoa Giao trinh duce bien soan theo htrong m~u cau dS true tiep di vao thvc hanh giao tiSp, nhung cung giai thi~u khai quat ciu true ngu phap cua tiSng Han hi~n d~i Cac phfin chu thich bai neu ro nhfrng kiSn thuc vs ngon ngfr va b6i canh van h6a Trung Hoa

Phfin bai t~p cua giao trinh chu y ren luy~n ky nang giao tiSp, mo phong va b6i duong tri nh6 cho sinh vien

DS h9c hSt giao trinh nay cfin 600 tiSt h9c, sau h9c hSt sinh vien c6 the tiSn hanh h{>i tho~i thong thuang va co the d9c hiSu cac bai van don gian c6 S\J' h6 trq cua tu diSn

LOI GIOI THitU

HaiPhongVip

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Truong Nganh tieng Trung - Truong Dai hoc Dai Nam Ha Noi

Th~c si Tran Thi Thanh Liem

De giup sinh vien tiep xuc voi am dieu, ngfi dieu chuan xac, am sac cua tieng Trung hien dai, giao trinh co mot be) bang ghi am cac chuyen gia noi tieng, giau kinh nghiem thuc tien cua Trung Qucc dQC chuan xac, <lien cam cac phan luyen tap, bai khoa Va dan dQC cac tu moi

Do thoi gian bien dich qua gap, viec bien dich va ho sung khong tranh kh6i nhung sai sot nhat dinh, rat mong dong nghiep va hQC Vien, sinh Vien gop }' ho sung de CO the dap ung nhu cau cua nguoi hQC

Ban bien dich va bien soan sach ngoai van

HaiPhongVip

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I -, i*x

=- ~iru

- ' i£lf ~i~

tm , irDi-a m ~ c - ) ® ·

c=) *

( 15 ) -

-, i*X =- ~ifu

= i£lf ( - ) iJl~i~

( =) ĐEEĐ 1=Et-tl!.-*OO~H1-1Ơ

c =) ~131.JHimm- r ~rt7 ili* [ill' ifui-affli! ( - ) t~-=f

( =) -tJJ C - ) ~n* ( till) *f't ( Ji) RM-

( /\) x-t-=f

(-1::) ITT]

( )

https://www.facebook.com/HaiPhongVIP.chinese

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II

-, i*X

=' ~iri]

- , imi!Jfltt ( - ) -AUL+ -tfL +~Iii···

( => ~:ct (-=.) fij1[

([ill) ~ft

( li) )A

( /\ ) Z9J + lf + Z9J + lf

( 39 )

ldAINI

-, i*X

=,~im

=' iriJi-a Jfltt ( - ) *

c = > i9J irIJ + r ( =) i9Jiri] + l:

( [ill) $~

( li ) -tfL i/f

( 28 ) ua Bae Kinh

(-=.) ~~

( [9) X···X··· ( li) %JJIJ

(6)

Ill ( Im) ft~

(Ji) *

(/\) -···-··· ·

- i*X = ~i,Pj

-ti:~(-) ~~*-H¥~~mEt9

( =) -MzB"JIH~ ( - ) ~#ffifJM!ttP~ Im'\ iP]i!fflrt ( - ) ~t~

( =) - + ;}JiP]

( _= - ) .:ft ~JH\ f}c

( 66 )

- i*X

z ~iP]

- " ti:ff ( - ) 11fu T, {tlti1i:i!ftM$45 ( =) ft$ikt~~~{iJ?.45~Et9$ ( _=.) j£:(£ftti::WJ!1:iiJJtB'9Bt1~

NL iP] i! ffl t! ( - ) -N iJl

<=) jt~

( =) ~:(£ (Im) ffl1t~ (Ji) ~r

( 52 )

u

11111

(7)

N

- if)(

= ~iP]

- " ¥±ff ~Jr.~)tt-}¥1J!~*f*~~M-*1m rm iP]i!Jflrt < - ) fffPJ

<=) g:1:

(-=) iL~~ ( Im) -Ji ( Ji) ffl~" 1JJ

( 92 ) y~n tinh yeu

16111 = ~ifi]

-=- aft ( - ) ~ittOO.r

<=)m~~~~ffl§~Nilim~r~T rm ifiJi! Jflr! < - ) igjWJ + T

<=) **

(=) A~

( Im ) ftu ftu (1i) ;gT

(/") ~~

( -t) ;Jtrp ( }\) &5£~ ( - ) i~:ƠJE~

<=) ĐfĐ~Jm

( 78 ) uy~n ngu

1111

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N

-. iJx

=" 1: iii]

- " ¥±ff ~1P-8"Ji:f-t¥1J~~*fj(~~M-*rl9

Im" iiiJi!fflt! ( - ) {ffey (=.) ~- ( =) iL~~

(Im) -:ii

( Ji) 1JJ~" 1J}

( 92 ) ' y~n tinh yeu

Mii

=" 1:.iii]

-=- aff < - ) ~,ttoo£

<=) ~~~1:.~ffl§~N*m~r~T

Im - iiiJ i! JfH! ( - ) Z9J iiiJ + T

(=.) **

(-=.) A~ ( Im) ftuftu ( Ji) 7-JT (/\) ~ff ( t) ~~ ( )\) &Jtr.~

( - ) illi¥ JE~

(=.) §l§Tfi

,./

( 78 ) .,,

(9)

v -, i:fx

-=, ~ipj

- , ri:,, c - ) ftfn~JL-,~ m~reft:tJ1:t£Him ··· C-=) tFf!fHfL, +~~a_t

( - ) ftB~$:0nJ 8'-JtIA T

Im, iPliafflr! C - ) H c-=) m C-=-) tr~ ( Im) LV.J§

(li) tf]

( /\) f~~~

( 117)

·.·gminhlen

.,,

-, i~tt

.=, ~iP]

-=., ri:ff ffi~Ifj

Im' iPlift J:flr! ( - ) 'If]~

(.=) iU~ ( -)

(Im) '**

(li) ~

( /\) xt··· ···~HJt

( 104)

giac hanh phuc -·

(10)

v

-, i*X

=,~WJ

- ' i£ff (-) ~ffEkJL-,~tfL~re~:o~:(:EHLtm···

c=) ~~1fH1L, +~~a_t

(-=.) ~B~nx:0PlffJfIAT [ill' iP]i-a fflr! ( - ) *

( =) }iWj (-=.) ~~ (Im) k,{J§ ( Ji)

( /\) f~?.~

(117)

gminh len

Mii

-, i*X

=, ~iP]

- , tl:ff $~I~

[ill ' iP] i~:,J:ij 1! ( - ) r{1j ~

C=) ¥U~ ( -) ( [ill) ~* (Ji) ~

c /\) x1··· ···*i3t

( 104)

iac hanh phuc

(11)

VI

- il>C

= '\ 1:.iP]

-=" tiff C - ) nz:fJ~itM

( =) {.,-fJJJJLtfiJiJl T

C-) M~~~ im iP]m mrt c - ) ,@:ff

c=) xt~ C =:) ~'tB

C Im) ~1i (Ji) lV-1'1 (/\) *

(145) J:ngtidi dau de

-

- il>C

= 1:.iP]

-= ttff -¥W$~

im ·-j,P_J i-a m rt c - ) jd"J

( =) ~~"Jffjj[P)

(-) Q~

(Im) Jc*-

(li) +?t

C/\) %~-j,Pj + r~

(130)

1oi da nhln thay dia bay

-

(12)

VII

(181)

MDIM

slue: Dap an mot s6 bai tap de tham khao ( 173 ) ,,-,,')W'i;;:.: <

\ • ?x' -.,,;J- ~ ,:,;,>;

-

( -) ~

C tm ) II]~ 'tB

( Ji) tt ( /\) -tff-1£ ( -t) 1Jxt

c ;\.) & rm

C 11) -··· t;Jt~···

-~ ilx

=~ 1:.-tm

- ~ ff ff ( - ) ~*

c=) 1J:t

C-) 1£*-f-Blf, ten-atxt

([ill) *~

(Ji) ~§~B'-1$-ippq~~L!t

tm ~ -tmiim~ c - ) ,~~tz C =) ,~,1i

(158) {~ g noi nguoi dan

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(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

(24)

~~~x~~,~~~**i':ifr~, ~~#+~, ~~, ~-h

~~~-~~~~~~o~~~±*,~*~~#*%~~~,~m

i -f ~ ~ ~ ~ , lzsl Jtt , ~ ~ itt JJJ3 h" :fp ~~ ix i-3- ~ :t- Yip ~ i , -tE- -t» -f

~~~*~~*%~1~mo~m~1, *~~kli1~o~~~' ~

~1tl-f-YJG~~tt~iJL~Al tf ~ '3f >J iX.i-3-o J~,,(f~+Ji1 ~f~-f ~J~

J, ,~£~-iJL~f:tl{r-J~*o

• il)( Kewen Text - Bai dQC· ··· 111111

~ i* ~ ~ a~ at 1,1

BAI KHI DI XA NHA

Lesson

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(1) "ft" m!tEtEl§~JL? "ft" 7'11t~ "Ji:.~m1f iJl.~ ili B"J~~,,? (2) "ft" 7'11t~~*9=100?

( 3) "ft" 11'00~~~7'11t~~DitffJt-Ht?

( 4) Jt-Ht7'11t~~Jc~:i: "ft" ¥U9=1 l~B~? J5*7'11t~XIAJ:i:T?

(5) Jt-BJ:xt "ft" m:te T 1t~~>Jt? ( ) iJiJl ~ iJUt § B ~ ~mt 8"J '11 l5l a

@l~i.l3ticJ~ Answer the questions according to the text

Tra lai cau hoi theo noi dung bai hoc

~'f~~ro, x_~'t't*1i, ~~~~~~~~i~, ~~~

±o ~;}]~~>), 1tffit1t:k:~!£~0

7-1 i.l 1-lt 1f1 it,(; , ~ ~ 't-!- 1 i j\ :t- .tr ~ -i~ , ~it~ xt ~ 1f1 a'-J i: ;fp

MM~~~'f~~ro,*+£M~~~h-~~wo~~~' &

:if't't,£.1f"~JL, %i}f~1f1~~ 'f ~a'-J rJJo ~~El Jo rJ~JlttJ, 1-lt

m~~~Y*jt~,#~~a~a'-J~~I~o

~~-Jt-$.;re_~~.itliJL*ho ~~1Jat, 1-ltizlizl!l:~~~1.f~~l-t, M i~~~Dl ~El o ~ J1J x_ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a'-J ;tf +, ~ a'-J ffl ~El~- r ~ ~it 1

tl:f *- 0

~~~1~~~-*~?MM~, ~~h~M*$?

~~w,~r~*~~~~,~~~~*o~~~~~~~~~

ix i% , tJ .i1J 'f ~ i! + -i; :t- ifrJ x lf- ~ a'-J ~ ~-!- ~ ~ o ~ xt x_ ~ i>l , ~ t:; f~ * k ' j)G 1t I J' mi - ;tf ' ii gJ G ~ 1 0 ~ ~ J!k _ft_~!£~ ' gJ ff]

gJ ~~* ~ 1rii-lf-, ftro-1t~ ~4 ro ~ .tr ~o x_ ~~it~ a'-J ,t±t~,

~~r~*~~~~~~a'-J, ifrJA~m~~~~a'-J~*~~a'-J,~R

(26)

just

(tuong phap) idea

(lam)

thay doi, doi khac

each nhin, quan diem sap, sap sua

to change t

ti11ng

tu ve sau,

sau

viec, su viec

m future; Irom now on

to consider ; Can nhac, xem xet,

con~itleratic~n tinh toan

u nre- l rai lre« thong dong, nhon nho

d9c lap, tu l~p

to be

chim bird

but ( used !.o connect nhung, va

two opposite

In meanmg that show

a contrast) : and ( usf·d to connect t \VO pa rts that are c1msisknl m mr-aniug )

truth noi that, lei noi that

with regard to : ve, doi voi

conconung : to

ancient; nge-old co kinh, co xua

so; therelore- ; do, vi the, boi vay

for this reason

a' expected ; dung la, qua nhien

sure ~ n·;illv

(su tinh)

(cai bien) (kim hau) (dieu)

(d9cl~p)

(tu tai)

(khao lu) (co lao)

(nhi)

·( thuc thoai)

(d6i vu)

(qua nhien) (nhan thu) (da ban)

sh1qing gaibian xiangfa

lfn

jTnhou

r ,.:f1 'i

\ -Y; I

22 1J(&

( :g)

19 ~,tt

20 ?t~

18 ~16

16 ro ~ (fl)) zlzoi

17 :t ~ ( iJJ g) kaolu

ctun nice er gulao shrhuc dulvu gu6ran yTnd duoban

dushenqnu (d9c sinh nfi) only

to hide the

truth

lien Iac, bat moi

giau, che d~y,

giau giem gai mot

to contact

(lien he)

(man)

(thuc hien) to

man

licnxi shlxicn

vucnwcnq (nguyen vong) desire wish;

aspiration

zhonqvu (chung vu) finally: a!

y muon, su

mong muon

rot C\lC, CUOi Cung lam, thuc hien

New Words - Tu moi ···

14 rli ( -~6)

15 ~i :iL ( j{}j)

{ ii)

( Jli)

( ,g)

c 1r)

( ffl] '!j / )

12 -t-;t 13 ifiJ

10 ~11:i 11 xt-t

7 J-f

8 mJ Jtt

9 *-?t

c miJ)

(igJ)

4 *i

s e~ tJt t ~J)t

&11:inl Shenqc!

(27)

·4

"'-:+ u. -'-r /.:J::"" means "l' ive r 10r a year " "u-!rf" nghia la "song nam"

i;;t-~ live freely abroad for a year

Tu thoai mai nuoc ngoai song mot nam

"M-!if" 8°Jt~~m-!ifo

"ii~i!" is used to introduce the words that follow, usually one's opinions, ideas

or feelings Also "ii1i:.-.£ it" , "ii~s{J"

"ii~it" de <lien dat each nghi chan that cua minh, cung co the noi " i.5l1L"£ it"

hoac " ii~B"J"

( ) ix ~ 1'!; , 4' R :t- Yrfi i#- aJ.i ~ ;tj" aJ.i ~ '7i" ~.t 11Jr 1tf o

c ) ix ~ 1'!; , ~ -t!! JL §J; - ,kjt ~ ,t- J~ '7i" a

(3) ix.~ 1'!;, ~ - ,~t JL~;f: Af!,-i- o truth N6i that

, ,,.;, < •

< !: l~

r?:"x,_, ,

Notes - Chu thich P

II ftff Zhushl

23 ~# efr ( ) plnrnlnq (phanh mang) lieu, bat chap,

bat rnang

24 ~ ( soi (tac) nhet, dut, bit, nut

25 ~ J31J 1rbie (li biet) to ; to chia tay, rci ho

26 !}_ wang (vong) to ngong, mong doi

to

27 ~ { ) hui (huy) to ,:

\ vay

28 HtUEl ) yon lei (nhan l~) tears nude mat 29 '°v' •V' ~ ~-1'% ' licnlion (luyenluyen khong no rdi xa,

bu she bat xa) quyenluyen

30 ~l1# { ) zhufu (chuc pho) to dan do, can d~n

\

to ur~e

31 it·~ fang xTn (phong tam) lo set an tam, yen long

at rest

32 *-~ bicodc (bieu dat) to express <lien dat, trinh bay

or )

/ "

to convey; lo voice

33 ;ffil~ ,~ ,~ ) xicnqnion (tuong niem) lo mi ss nh&,nghiden

(28)

"-tJJ" , a pronoun, often collocates with "$" It cannot be followed with " B"J"

when used as a noun modifier

"-tJJ" la dai tu, thuong dung ket hop voi " f~" Khi dung lam dinh ngfi tu sue cho danh tu thl khong ket hop duce voi " 13'9 "

Cl) tA-:!-Jf-X~~' 4\itJG,ti:~*i':!f~~, dJ,~#-t~, tif)t, i!

-+» ~ s: ff~ ~ 4\ fr-] x -Ht 1tk fr-] 0

;;:;:~

)bing Tat ca.lmoi thu

"-tJJ" Jrdtimo *~~$, ~#o ~1tRi "$" 1IWc~ffl o f'l::5;£i1H~tffi

i; iP]Bt~~~W "B"J" o

"t1r" is used to indicate a result, usually an expected one, finally materializes after a long time of expectation or a lot of efforts

"tt-=f" dien ta ket qua CUOi cung da dat duoc trai qua su CO gang, cho dci lau dai,

phan nhieu chi hy VQng dat duce

( ) 4\ 1!l-¥- itJG ~ -1!._ ~t ~ ;,fJL ~ *- lf l!l '* >] i5l ~ ' JJ\!, ,ti_ i! ~ ~ -1!._ jf -t

~ JJ\! , I~£~ iJL;f: ttl fr-] ~ * O

(2) ~ii~:}], 1-tl!Afr~J:.1:k ':!fo

( 3) 4\ 1!l-f itJG ti ;t ;t * J}J\ ' 4'- ~4\ jf-f' ;t flj 1 0

C 4) ~ ~ ~ittr-J ~ 1! jf r ~JJ\! o

t last Cuoi cung, rot CUQC

*m~M~*~~B"J~hE;X~~,&~te~T¥#~*o~#~*$~*

:rJHt ¥U B"1 o ~ ~~;~, ~ ~ ,/ ;.<~

Usage - Ngu phap ···

" - r T" is used as an adverbial It indicates that an act ' a circumstance ' or a change takes place , emerges or finishes quickly

" - r r" dung lam trang ngu de <lien dat hanh dong xay nhanh, thoi gian ngan, Nhan manh dong tac hoan thanh, tinh huong phat sinh hoac thay doi nhanh ch6ng thoi gian ngan

(L) JLlf-;f:~, ~-r-t*i!~ ~ 1 o

c2) -ii "Ji.-", ~-r-titJG!~~*-10

(3) ~~.lk.M, -r-tJ.A~~~J:Afr*-10

Iii inJittJfli! crvo yongfa

Bong dung nuoc mat toi cu trao

"-rr" ffl*f'l=~ffio *m~f'1=1[Hjc, BtfaJ1&~0 s.¥.1JJ1£1&~B"JBtfaJpq~

f'l::%Jft' 'twtfl ttl J,ruE;X~1t2t~

Tim tf::i * Tears suddenly welled up in my eyes

ti" •

(29)

".RM" indicates that under some circumstances one has no other choice but to what is stated after ".RM"

;'0 cannot but Danh phai

< ) *- 9c f9f tll iJLlt- *- ~ f:F:J , 1t ~ , *- ~ T ~- *- r o

( 4) k ~ -j,}L i1t ~ # P-i , $ a'-J #, ;r)G ~* a'-J , i1t P-i y~ 16 , #, *- P.t

-R tt-R -:k=f-1

"*~" indicates a fact is just as expected or as described by others It is used before predicate verbs, adjectives or subjects

"*~" bieu thi su rat giong nhu du tinh, nhu da n6i Thuong dung truce dong tu,

vi ngfi hinh dung tu hoac chu ngfi

o) $.J~ tB ~ rn ~ a'-J **-ilf r x -BJ:, 1-tt1n u1r r , *-.t.t ~ *-~ ~ 0

( ) U}f Jl}J ~ i}t }J~ ~ ,t,&_ $ a{] * X -:kt l1t x._ 1t_ 11: , $ -k l1t J - 1k , *- ~ ~4fo

Jt; sure enough ; really Dung nhu, qua nhien

3'£ - JEE! 'ft

~~-ltxko

~o *- used to expresses a hypothesis Bien thi gia thiet

( ) $ ~ ~~ !£ -k , ~o *-.k ~ 14- * %-i}f X -BJ: , 1-lt 1f1 i -f ~ ~ ~ -;f; o

( 2) ~o *- ~ J;i] f1! , ~ Y~ *-.f\ ~ o

( 3) ~o *-1t ~, ~ *-*&~ , iJG-i- tJL~ t1e, a

( 4) ~o *-.~ 4\, ~ - ;t.-i- gx_,,+J Jt<At a

" :~m * · · · " E JiI Pf ~ 1JD !IJJ iP] " B"J iE" a

"~I]*···" can be followed by the particles "B"Ji!" Sau" ~D*· · · ·" co the them tro tu" B"Ji!"

( 5) ~o *- r f:F:J a'-] -i'-5, $.1f1 i£ -i- l1~?

( 2) $ tJJ + ~ ~ d},-:kf ' ;r)G ~ t~ ft 0

( ) Mtl *-at~~ 1tl i J~ ~ ~ >) ·tt , 1.a ~ J~,ff t» ~ >) ·tJ 1 o

(4) ~£a'-J iJJ){f$.*-iJL, ~~}J~~~~o

(30)

"rm" is used in the written language to link two parallel adjectives or adjectival phrases that complement each other

" rm" trong van viet, dung de noi hai tinh tu hay hai cum hinh dung tu quan h~ ding lap, bieu thi bo sung cho

( ) ~x -tl: Jlil s!t1,:i=- k ;f,tLJ:(_ 'cl: a ;tm ~ ~" .s:

I~'~ IA fp '

pung, nhung ma

-t.;@i! o iitiM1'#-JLl B"J%~iiu~%~iiuiWJtll, *~1f.tfH~ fto

:~~

,., ~~:%~"~ ',t

Note: "xtr" can be replaced by "xt" in any sentence; but in some sentences

" xt " cannot be replaced by " xt r"

Chu y: Nhung cau dung" xtr" deu co the thay thebang " xt", nhung cau dung" xt" co the mot so thay bang" xtr" duoc, nhung cung co cau khong the thay bang" xtr"

( 4) Jl~ ~ 1f1 xt~1~~~ ,tt a

~~~ii: * Ml~ 1f1 xt-f~1~~~,tt o

(3) xt-t x.1t, ~~1~ iA.Jl-{r-J o

( 4) J jfl \:f ~ A ii -ii5", xt-t jlt_ ~ ix_ i-g- P)f-j,JL ~t jJ ~f 't ~ ~ JI}J o

~~: m "xtr" B"J1ilrt~~~~m "xt"; 1.s m "xt" B"J1il-=f, ~ ®~fm

~m "xtr" o

( ) i>L ~ -i'f; , xt-t ¥f *- ~1ti 1t z , ~ i£ ~.t !JI, -kt a

(2) xt-ti!.~l'iil~, *-~~1~8*~0 * ~1f1;i~xt-ti!.~l'iil~8

*~o

"xtr" dung truce danh tu, nhung it ket hop voi dong tu, tu khac

"xtr" ~J:IFf~iWJwJ; 1i:J;-lj~wJ, ihWJtllito

"xtr"' may be used either before or after nouns' and is rarely used before verbs and adverbs

to , concerning , to Ve, doi voi

" J=Hf" bieu thi mot tinh huong nao do, khong co su lua chon nao khac, chi co the nh ti the

Cl ) x._ -EJ:- ~-fl~ {JJ.J ~tJ * ~ xt {JJ.J , iJG ){ -kt ~ ~ ~ -i- ~ # r o

c 2) + Ilir J: ,t, ~ "F ~ r f:F:J , ~ ~.t ~ f:F:J ~ , ){ * '* ~ f:F:J 1-t w i~

( 3) at~ B>lJ:.~ Im *-at t.J ~ ~.t~ /A'-~ i\ ~ r ' ){-kt~ ttl fJL~

( ) Ji 1J1J 1t ! M1J * {JJ.J i~ ~ iJG-k , ){ -kt -1t * - ,t o

(31)

luquo yTngshl xionqlion licnxl

Phan biet am, dieu chongyu

xTnlT

,# fo4'-

( m) _i:~~

~-It+ lf ~'

,# f- t J: * 0

'3i ::0: Phonetics Exercises Ngu am

ls::1 J=I

(1) mifmifnl Pronunciations and tones

t-}-t zh6ngyu ftA~

'' £ xTnli ,~Jl:

''->

*~ lionx] t! >]

-;to* ruguo Jt:ii

flsl Jt vincl -JJ~.t

JEJ '~'I\$ 4'- xiangnian 1Jlit

(2) ~JHj Read out the following poem DQC tieng

Y6uzT yfn (Tang) Meng Jioo

er mu shou zh6ng xion , Y ouzl shen shone yT

Un xfng ml ml fenq, Yl kong chf chf guT Shei yon cun coo xTn, Bao de son chOn huT

E xerc1ses - a1 Bai ta ~P · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

Iii ~>J Lionxl

C3) it#tl!Jj1A$n;t rm ~n"t o

c 4) ~i!;rtit ~-t~~, ôA\ ~1Ã rm"t1-Ơ-n o

(5) ~ ~ ~r?B~AfU~' rm lf 00 r*1 ~ !::; ~~af.1lfr r O

It is also used to link adjectives, verbs and clauses to indicate a turn in meaning In this case, it is used similar to "{f3 ~" and "tlJ"

Noi hinh dung tu, dong tu, phan cau de bieu th] su chuyen ngoat Cach dung giong

" 19 ·,_:JE l=t " va ' " ±n " "'!.J •

(32)

(7) $.~i!, ~o *-~~ 14- * %-i)f X ~ a{] 11,, 1~1f1 i -f ~ 1?- ~ ~,

P)f YA ff~ ~ 1~ 1f1 0

cs) Mtl J1J t IJ:l a{] at1ii, ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ >J ·tIL 1.a ~JJt1f.~ ~ -Jr ,

i!.Jt-~ ,~, JL o

( 9) A : 1~ ;fr Jf.1tl f+ ~ ?

B: $ jf:,1.f $ a{] ,t:l~ ~ :ftvifi it~~ o

( 10 ) i!!:- Jil J: a{] iJJ * ,tt ~ 1f 3t 1-t tf , 1~ ~ jt 1-ff A a{] ,t:l ~~ 1?- ( ) $.-!¥-iiJG ~' ~t ~ tJL4?- j1J * J~-!- ;t ;t , A, k ~ ~ ~ 1:

~JYl 0

(2) :k.~lf.~YA$, $.~~~~~ i±o

( ) ~ :f-P it ~ 1!f * , - ;t_4?- -1' ~ * o

(4) k~f9!-tlliJLA,k~r:m, 1~;t, r~Alr o

(5) ~-Jr~ YA$, ;t :1-Pi!$.~ i ~ X ~ o

0 ~ ii.] fa~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks

Chon tit thich hop dien vao cho tr6ng

~JjtJ_!~, ~JJt~1: ~JYl-1'

~{.j1J1i ~{.j1Jifil_~ ~trfL4h

~lf*.i :J! ~Jf*_~ I~ , " * ~ , '+ r-b;t~ :)L_

11,+~ 1),* ;}] I ,~-i k.k 'if

1J{b ttl J1 1J{b J:_ 4- W] 1J{b J:_ ~ tJL

.tft-4tift ~#-4t~ >) ~#-4t .J:,1t

ittx.~~ i itt~:t~~ ;_ itt JJ}J ~ ~ ;_

itit,~ -1'iX1~ it-1' r1~

G ii.] i~ Read out the following phrases Tu ngu

(33)

· 10

c 6) ~ 1f1 Jr J !lJtJJ k-!-4'9 tv , 1,t~JL i!G1tl~ 1f1-~-!- a

(~-!I_ ~:t)

( rtrJ rtrJ Jl )

- *_.tjp~t<-1-t-!- 1 0

( rtrJ ' rtrJ Jl )

( y~)6 ~)6)

_ -!-4tl-1-t;ri,~, JL

(3) ~ :k ~ *-*- , jfj~~jfl~Jffc ~ :iio

( 4) ~ Jr J a}] k T 2f- Jc-£- lfl~ $J ~ ~ ll ,

4\o ( t.tro y~)6)

( 5) ~ ;t,(f ~ JL ~ ~ 1f- i5l -i-g-, t.t ro-!- Ji1J fl-) k ~ ~ >J tf J!)

-

( Jr J ~ :t)

( 1) ~t ~1~lf1~1tzM-~t' ~ ki- 0

(2) 'ffc~it( 1 , k ~t~,(f 'l~ ~ i_ >] ,

, '~ J' ~iX.~ tt! ~*o

(6) 1Ja;*-at, -%-%~~~ 1tl% :j;~, :t#-4ft- 1i.~

ffif.£~, ~~:j;~kj, ffif~~~ Jo

(7) }]}] A_ Jr-$- ~* *JLJ:h' ~ Ji1l at ~1-tt ~ :~ ~ %

,tf f , ~ aJ.i Dtl im ~ )1.L tt! *- o

-

(1) *-tfJ!)flro, ~~t 7~aJ.i it1io

C 2) 'F JJI v~ ro , ~ ilcA-i: ~ ~L 1tk ,t,& a

-

(3) ~~ tJJ-f~d], v~ro, ;1-%-i)f~~~tl:!J!), ~~J,-1

v~ro ~,~,JL~ k ~*o

c 4) ~l!iM~~f1J tf J!) v~ro, *+ !lJlJJ~ ~Jr+ l£.-i'-&- a

(5) ~1tl fif~~'~J: *J~~~, A,*-~+~ -!l_f~f- ~JJt _

t1J1;?

(34)

· 11 ·

(-Jff-Jff)

o

0 (%-+)

-

( 4) 1t ;fr~ ¥1 {-f-=j-,

c s ) 11!; oo ~ r , ~ ~ 1n ~ *-;t ~ ,

( ) Mtl *- ¥1 at 1,t ~ ~ >J ·rn- , ;t Yip iJL , ii - ~ JJ iJG -Jff 1 a J~ 1f ,

t-%Jlii-k1, (*it)

(2) k.~iJL, ~#-ir-lf-*-i-&.~, 1t¥J~tJG~-Jff-¥J, 1t;t, ~~

.:trr-+-+, o C*~)

(3) }J~R._, ~i! 1 ~' a ( X-Jff)

( -tJJ) ( -tJJ)

C-r-r)

( -r JL)

( %-+)

( yJGJt)

c r)

0 ~ ,£ fiJ =f Complete the sentences Hoan cau

(1) i!AtJGJlB~~C%i}f1;t¥1Da

(2) A Mtl J1J B ~~ :Y: ¥] at1it, ~J1J C ;i~Jl D }]~ ~ 1/Jrjf a

( 3) A }1~1.i;t A B ~~k.-Jff, C 4f1!1J 1 D a c 4) ~ ~, A m B 1t a~ c i~ ~ D , iif v~ PJb?

(5) A ~J1J B J~1f Ci£~~*-, D ~*- 1 a

(6) ~A~,% B ®' C -~JL, D ~Jl~1 a

(7) i!-1 .£$JJ A ~yJG~~ B J1J C Ji.1tiL4h Do ( ) ~ .:tr Jr- A it B 1¥1 C iJG -k i*1 ::t J~At D a

Put the words in the brackets in the proper places

Chon tu ngoac dien vao cho

-jff P]b?

( :tr Jr- ~ J.t )

( ) ~t ~ ~ v 7-J JJL(f ± J;jt ~ 1~ iE.1£ Bf_ a ( ?k ~ ~ )

C 10) ft!!AfJ~Jtii 1, iif~t~ ~ *-¥iit\1] a ( ?k~ ~)

( :tr Jr- ~ J.t )

-k~i*i? 1t~Jl~,-k, Pm1f1

(7) A: :!-1¥1 1t ;tf" f+ ~ ?

B: ~i£~~ -Jff~o

(8) A: 1t ~

-~-k, ,t-~{-f-?

B: ii:~ -r,

(35)

· 12 ·

0 ~ffi1i] Correct the sentences Sita cau sai (2) A f1J 'f ~ v~ro ~i£)lit{-f

B.ro*~fr1~~,~~~~'t~~~~~~fifr-J£~

C.'t't-~~i~~~~~~~**aki;t

D k~~~f_~a}] ~fr-)££

(1) A JGJt.)l~kfr-)£~, 't't1~~;t1fA~

B ~fr-)~~ )l-,t- ~ a}] ,J,J,h\

C.*~~kfr-J~~,~~~;t~~~fr-J££ D ,J, at1ii, ~ 't ~;t 11~ ~ a}] fr-)£~ ji 1iJ 1£~ Link the sentences into paragraphs

Lien ket cau doan van

o (f{< j-)

_ =ft~ ~1n i£~ ,1' ~~Ji o ( xt r) ( ;y)G)l)

-

(6) f~it~:h,

(7)

( ) ~ 11JJ~ J L ~ ,1' i!J-!- ,

(36)

· 13 ·

-f~~,~~*-t~at,1m~m-~oo ~tlr-~±

aa ~at, ~il~~~~Jl: k~~~~-+Affl,~~~® --

- 6J 1~ : " ~ 1n ~ ~ 1t a'' ;t J1J ~ 6J 1~ , ~ ~ utt ~m - 'F -t it 51.L 1

@ 0 ~,j1Jy,l~~Jm~1f1~]1j J, ~.Jl-~,~tJL~~~~o 1.a

s *-t ~ ~ ~~+~ i:J~dJ,*f-1, ~R*f%]1JJm~, ~@ -

~~fl~ Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho

(R*f) ( 2) ~ JJ I* M ~ ~ ]1J at , ~ !JJ ~ -Jr , fftl ~El ~ 51.L 1 ttl *- , ~ #

,~~~ I ~ h .;i;f?

q q, , I\$ ~ Y/U •

B rJtl'tWt£~~*~?

(1) JI]~ it1t ~~:kt, 1t ~.t~ at fa], 1.a ;t J1J M ~ ~ ~=+-f, 1t i£

'E1 kfr r.; -? k /, ~~?

}<_ :,f;- )ff- J ' ;& ~ 1-JL

A rJu1iJr~1t~'tWt£ r iJl.EJ{J?

Cl) J_t,ff.~~~1!~~-f~J,tT, ,~£~-ix.~t:B~~*"o

(2) ~n-~Lf~~14-:f%i}f:kt, :kt%-f~~~:to

(3) ;t:ktJJ~ ~ ~~~~ -H t, ~ ~ u~jEJ ~-r -f 51.L 1 tB *-0

ffj~~~ Language and context Bieu dat theo tinh huong

(37)

· 14 ·

1 ~A~ jiezhi (gioi chi) (finger) nrur D nhan ( deo tay)

2 j1] ke (khac) to carre z to cut khac, cham tro

3 M JilJ g011 (col~) to encourage co vu, dong vien

4 1~~i gudu (co doc) lonely; alone mot minh, co d<)c

5 f6•t.ft houhul (hau hdi) to regret hoi han, nuoi tiec

6 "ft 10 (1<;1c) to fall he hind sot, de quen ( roi, ha, sa sut.i.)

i~ ft~ ii] Supplementary words Tu bo sung

r.t x , ~ 8 f,J ~f '*a~ , + ~ ra ·t-B} f,J t I1=l *- iE{f ~ f,J ~f '* ;;~~t 1µ a~ at, i! f,J 1-1l.;t~ ,(; lf.J t I1=l k ~ ± 0 ® l:i ~ ~ 1i.- ~

#i&, *~~i*!~-#tJLr~-k"ti.i " 1fi.ffeo ~1Jt1f,(;•tt-r-f-J(fi

Jo ~afBftJ:., ~f;t£~j].~,RJik~X.~, *ik_k_~~i$!ik~l1S- _l_~1f1

rn 2:> .t.h §!h :s? jk_ -t!= lla /.'€1 -r J- sa: Ja a 1- 2:> "~ :!tit ~b -t!= -:1;:-I- rJp • 1- -t!= /.f7 ~ l:J ~ WJ ~,,J~o ~ ;", -1'.J< E11'-if ,,.1' AXJ , '1-Y<-A ~ /I J ,-flj~ -6 -1'J< JJ'.5l +, 1- L-1'.J< 1~ ·~·

~o{f.#i&-1!.,~~M~~~~#~~,AT~lf.J~~~~o®

~ff.J~Mr,~{f.J~**~~~~itm~ro

it! f;t]f;, fl~ ~~~ik~.f1J ~ ~-:t-»t, ~{f.J x #"1txt m G lf.J -k JL-

t+ xt 1t ~ , 1,:_~ 8 f1J t/G 1t lE1 .f1J 1 m G ~ - t+ o i1' -i1' fl~ ~ ~ - ~ A ,

® ~~tl1=l, ~t:f711=lA.~rJt.iff.JrMo

~ffio~Jt~t:f711=l~~,~~R~T~~~M~o~~~,~~-A

~tt ~ ~ .f1J J~{f , ~ 1 I1=l i*J lf.J M ~ _l_ # ~" ~ JI!J ~" llNfJ ~ Y~ >'r , Jt

~~lf.JJl~~~T~~~M~o® ~~~m,~{f.lfl1=lff.J

1- ,1;~Jl~f 't:J~~i1µ.;fi~ {f.J O

M~.f1Jt:J7l!J-~Jl, ~(1) -- ~~~8Wititl1 ~f;to {f.~

1 "1 1.i lf I1=l {f.J "1 iJL O

-~A.*-.f1J-ff-11=l~~' ® -- ~)tfij_i_a'-), tJJ~8.flJ~

(38)

(39)

(40)

(41)

(42)

(43)

(44)

(45)

(46)

(47)

(48)

(49)

(50)

(51)

X*-*- 1, k.~1~ a A.111't

1r * ~ ,11<- a l1t JG a_t ,t,& , 1.1,t - k

a'-1 A.111 $ ~k f1J >'r i1L 1ii ffe, Jfiff k JL o

Il:; 1$- i1L ' /~ ®} _£ ~ ~ *- ffe ~ A 1-lt

· 28 ·

$- *- O -kl; ~tt ;fp I J' 1:k -f 111 Jr J,t 1.ff it it

1t 1t ~ , 1-tt 111 ,Ii_ ,iA J: ~,J -A~ , ,Ii_~ WJ ,~! ;tm , /~ ®J Y fL itli r ~~A a'-J ~k Ji,

0 ~ :fr, 3t Ji, 0 ~_9l ;fr,®}, ~~ 14", ~ i.4' *

:!~ ;fr, + 3- ~k · · · · f 1J !tt_ ~ ~ v~ ~ f 1J *

m -Bt Jil ~ i~ fl-J ,4 A o

t~~k~~~g, -~~~~,X,~,~~+~~a

itJG ~ it ;f~ ~~ j:" * iJL P~ , N"" 3- }]

f 1J Ji }] }t_ ~ ~ , /, }] .f tJ r-: }] }t_ X ~' iL}] flJ + - }] Jt.~k~' + _:::.}]

f1J ~ -= ~ ~ _:::.}] ]i_ ~ ~ o

$-k* 1, ~ti'>R 1, ~-Jt 1,

* ~ IJi.:fr, r o A 111 JJ3l 'F ~ *, ;t~ J:

II il::t Kewen Text - Bai doc · · · · · · · ·

~=:i* ~t :t: a~ m .$

BA.13 BONMUAOBACKINH

(52)

· 29 ·

~~;tf"M-~x.Aa

~t-t-lf-tlTlM-a'-J.$l1~ltikk r o k~~,t-~~1~, ~~r

~, ~1tl~Y~1J~o :k.1it J: f1J ~Jl~f+t, J1J ~Jl~*-o -Ej:-.f1J %J ,t., A.1f1

~ % ~k !1J ~~ >'r -!- J;t O }]~ ~~ ill aJ.i i.I

l1t s: ~k k lTl ~ nFf aJ.i ~ ~ o *- ~ ill "

;t i1 l1t , Jl ~t ~ A J1'l $ ~ aJ.i 5* #J o

l!l s l1 Ji 1r1 JtJJ faJ , iE Jl ~t -t

-11=- tf ~ ~ lTl ~ aJ.i at 1,1 o -Et J1J l!l

R l1, ± l!l ~~1tl J ,:#A.~~~;t-,J

JfJ 1R $J] J1J ~t :Y: *- it< ,:# o ~ s: 1:t ~t

J1J k-#; fl r 3:h -!- ~ ;t , itJG ~ ~µ i! , ~ ,t- -J; ::t- a'-; l!l ~ -Jto ~ K 1-rf J ~ 11=-

~ , 1:t itJG ~ ~ !iJ, fJJ 9¥ % R " 1~ ~ io + aJ.i t l!l A.Jl J ~ 1~ ,tt o ~ it 1:t

~~J:.~,t-~fi{r-J~~' ~J:.~~~*~-lfa'-JA.mo

*~a'-; Im~' 1t 1:t 1f11f ~t -t" 1±- tf I!] !i 5* 1-rf-f #; {Jt ~ 0

1 o 1tl ] A.~* J:.JRbtm tJL-i- >'r iiL ,ij{l

;tm o Ji-f 111 - ,~ JL ~ ~ 'ffJ ,{' , 1i ~

Jt J: it 11~1 i;t 11~1 , Jfi ~ A , Jr ~ {l ,

'J' )}ft {o I J' -f 1! 1.rf i.I i.I a'-; , »tA.rf Pf ~

~To ~ti:A.$~k~0 ~~3!s-}1f-, ~k~JlTJLJhk~, i_:-_11=

k~~iiL, iiL~, iiL~, iiL~, ~*~ilA.~$~~ao

-11., ~ J h .s, :t: -r: ~ -C ~ 1 "E1

-tu lf, WJ ;: ~ /I' rp r § , 'l_g_Jl:,

~Jl 'F r ~, A.1nitJG~1tii l1-{+

1n - iiL Jt - iiL JWr , K 1-rf ,t~ +Jc mi ~ t.} o

~t :Y: a'-; ~ k tt tt ,{' , 1.8 Jl flt~ - -]f- , £ -f- -2 1tl flt {o O J1J ~ k ,

A.1f1$~kvt "*A~", - ~JL o A.A =-.li.,t- JJJl ~, ~ ~ ~~Jt ~ ~1f-

(53)

dap nguoi tuyet huong t&i

vay quanh

noi lau, lau, canh n6ng

snowman ; snow

piled up HJ a human

dui xueren (doi tuyet nhan)

· 30 ·

15 foJ 1.i ( i}J) xiangwang (huong vang) to yearn for; to look forward to

hotpot; chafing

dish

to enclose; to surround

(vi)

wei

(hoa oa) 14 IJ1

13 k ~ ( :),; ) hu6gu6

(khinh tung) light: relaxed; than

no! fee Ii ng nervous

12 4.£:f.} (Jr~;) qTngsong

(du nhan) visitor: sighbh::r: du khach

tourist

(hien dac) to look; to seem; ro, ndi len

to uppcar

vung, mien coi, thao, ga ho

qudn ao mua dong

quan ao mua xuan

co gai ho

cheothuyen cheo

thuyen, xuong, day du, tran day 10 i#A ( .1';) vouren

~ iJj) chonqrnon (sung man) to cram;

lo be full < if

boat~ ship

(thuyen)

( 7i) chu6n

( {,;;) chunzhuonq (xuan trang) spring clothing

( '.fl) gOniang (co nuong) girl

( ri ) hu (ho) lake

hu6 chu6n (hoach thuyen) to row a boat

( !)J) hu6 (hoach) to row

to lake off

large urea

( g) dongyT ( i}i) tuo

(dia khu) (thoat)

(dong y)

( i;) d1q0

( :~) bufen

2 J~ IK

3 JJjl ~~ ~*- -M;~[l

7 iiA \i]-Jfil

\1]

~{;

9 ~i~

II ~iitJ Shenqc! New Words - TU moi ··· I!

(b9 phan) part; section; phan, bo phan

share cac (noi)

§l~il::X:fa]~ Answer the questions according to the text Tra ldi cau hoi theo bai hoc

C 1) jt* -ip~ JL-1'-*ll? &1'-*ll hAJLJI iUJLJI? 1$ff100*~? c2) jt*B"J~x~~ft?

(3) jt*B'-J~x~~~?

( 4) jt*B"Jq:.7e~~ft? (5) jtJ?:B'-Jfkx~~~?

( 6) {$ff] 00 *~*~ 8"J Im*~~~? if~ ttl *Jf iJl-iJlo

(54)

· 31

than thien

(huu hao) friendly

tn

luong thien, tot bung

yeu men ) re'oi

shonlicnq (thien Iuong) good and

kind-hearted

diligent: industrious; can cu, cham chi

hurdworking

( Jf;) qfnl6o

rujln (nhu kim) now; Loduy;

at presont

Ngay Qucc khanh

biet bao, biet

nhuong nao

ngay nay, bay gia

to a great extent

( JI~) vouhco

Gu6q1ng Jie (quoc khanh National Du1

tiet)

du6me (da ma) what; how;

xinh dep, dep

beautiful

(canh sac) scenery: ViCW ~ SCCJlt' phong canh

(mi le)

(nhiet ai)

(can lao)

(tien hoa) fresh flowers hoa tuoi

(moi) every time moi, cac

(qua) melon dua

(qua) fruit qua

(giao ngoai) outskirts : countrvside ngoai

around u city

duong pho chinh

to be reckoned as exceptiona] [v ( or bad, etc )

h\ comparison

mam street

(dai nhai)

(so)

37 h: -M

35 ~R

36 ,~ ~

34 1JJ ~

33 jtl'.14" ( -r'r)

( g) jlnqse

( Jf~) mein

29 *-_ ~

30 J- ~

31 l!l '*- 11 32 37 ~ ( °{/ifJ )

(1';) gua ( i;) gu6

( ~fr ) jiaowai ( {i\il) mei

( :r; ) dajie ( Zi ) xianhua

g~t hai, thu hoach dem, tinh toan

( ,$!;) sh6ucheng (thu thanh) harvest; crop

(±)]) shu

tran, van

( a cL:1::-.::;i Ii r

a sport

(truong)

( thuy tuyet a ti me] V snow pronl I:SC>, tuyet roi bao

trieu phong d ; a <now hieu mua mang

nien) year, a rich vear boi thu

to

lo

lo freeze

; to danh

d6ngcung

to

to have a snowball

fight: to

snowballs al each

danh dong

danh tran tren tu yet

to pile up; tu

(da)

(dong)

rul xue

zhao feng ni6n chong do dong

do (da tuyet

xuezhcnq truong) (doi)

(

(iJJ) duT

23 k1it

(Di ~

24 -,1-t.J 25 ~ 26 ~ 27 *- 28 3(~ >'r

21 JJtA

22 it

20 J~

19 J#.,~ ~!s

+lr-

;tr

18 '*

Jft

17 ;tr~1t

(55)

· 32 ·

"~ WJ + r" dien ta dong tac hoan mangy nghia thoat khoi off"

" Verb + r " indicates the completion of an act , suggesting a sense of " taking The structure " * + noun + * + verb" is used to introduce a topic For verbs we can only use "iJt, ~, ijf" or " rt, tt$Jt, )tf)r" etc , e g

Cau true" * + danh tu + * + dong tu" dung de giai thieu mot chu de muon noi den

Chi dung han che voi cac dong tu" iJl, ~, ijf" hoac" rt, tt$Jt, Jti-Jr" v.v Vi du: (I) tJG ~~~;f~ :t: *-1JLi1~, tJG~± ~ :k ~7}~ LR-ff, ~~ ~X

~k~ lZ}J .$ ~ O

c 2) i~- i% aJ.i - Jt~ i% * ~t r >'r ~ ~ >1 :t- s: J;t ~ ii aJ.i , ~ " r ,, 1~

" ~~" ~ GJ #] )f] * *- iJL , 1P< % A Ia ~ ~ , 1.a Jk_ i£ )t ~ :9;µ i!

:t~~mo

( ) ~ A 1*.i !£ ~ 1]<.-f- *- iJL , :tll ~ i£Jk_ -f P< ,tJt #J o

* + ~ ill] + * + $1 iWlo ~ ~ kA ;tit 1' JI 00 t£ te it !IL $1 ill] Q ~& r " iJt, ~ ,

i4" ~~ "It , tt*3t' ?ti-Jr" ~ fJt!.m:

Usage - Ngfi phap ··· II inJitf JfH! crvu yongfa

3 -J- ~ Fk Shlsnnlfnq (Thap Tam Lang) the Ming Tomhs Thap Tam Lang H uong Son Mount

Xiang Shan (Huong Son)

Bae Hai

Beihai Park (Bae Hai)

Beihai

~~ Zhucnmfnq Proper Names Dia danh

38 *~ ( \ '+!/ r:- \ J qTn'ai (than ai) dear than yeu, than men 39 ~ ( zk}J) yuan (nguyen) to hope; to wish; nguyen, tu nguyen, chuc

to like

40 -t~ ( H}) ptnq'on (binh an) and sound yen a, binh an

(56)

· 33 · " ~ ~" is usually used in exclamatory sentences to indicate a high degree The

Biet bao

( 4) ~;t JlA~# J:: m 1t $ tl!-!- 1 o < s) 1~;bl~ ~ *-J:: r + ~~ o ( 6) ~4 lri~ -t~ J:: 1 *- ~ 0

nao do,

It may indicate a movement from low to high , or the reaching of a goal

Bieu thi nguoi hoac v~t di chuyen tu thap len cao, hoac dat duce muc dich nhat dinh Bieu thi ket qua cua hanh dong, doi mang nghia "tiep xuc lai voi nhau"

( 1) -.f1J ~k., A.1f1 ~R5l r ~~, t~J::.~*-o

< 2) ~J~ if r * J::., 4JJ! J:: n , 11m 1n iJGJl

O

( ) Mtl :4l at ~ >J ·ti , - lr 16 ~ t:.J t~ ~ J:: ~ 1 J~ "7i" , ~ ~ :t ;f, -Jt 1 0

This sfracfare indicates an act having a result; sometimes suggesting a sense of "joining together"

"~" indicate a movement from high to low in position

"~" bieu thi nguoi hoac v~t di chuyen tu cao xudng thdp hoac phuong huong tu cao xuong thap

< ) it ~ ~ 1n ,t}t ± T , ~ 1n J:: i*- r o

< 4) ~~ -iJJ 1-i~f.L r r nttim o (5) ~ 1f11'A~£Jl r il-l -!-11~0

( 6) 1~~t 'F 1J<.-!- Je:A~ -=f >Fi 1 J:: :4l o

( 1) -.f1J~k.A.1f1~R5l r ~~, t~J::.~*-o ( 2) ~ -itlli iJUJ5l "F »: tl , t~ J:: ~~i o

*ffi AJ!x ¥ ~ ~ ~ f'p EE ~ !it rt] 11£!1.t ' ~~*~!it ' IU :it 11£!1.t O fltl ~a :

(57)

· 34 ·

'.:li :tc Phonetics Exercises Ngct•am

li:a J=I

(1) *3¥-ii-*3¥00 Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, dieu

~/ ~ '7J buten ~ 7J'" bu fen

JR,#- luy6u J.! d7 1Ty6u

~R shcnlionq ~a ~ shangliang

<ef-* xianhua l*J 1,"f; xicnhuc

1~

;fpf- hepfng f; -jf- heblnq

f-Jh guangchang ir gongchang

E B' A

xerc1ses - a1 tap · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · lml tl>J Lionx!

"-tiLif" indicates conjecture or uncertainty It is put before a verb, adjective or a subject as an adverbial

" -ti1 if" mang nghia phan doan chua khang dinh, thuong d~t truce dong tu, hinh dung tu hoac chu ngu de lam trang ngu,

( 1) -k J v~)6, ~-it1t~~J-_i!_~ :k afl a'-J Jh\ rf1 o

( 2) ~ -t+-f , ~ -it~ 'F r=F:J o ii.fl* r=F:J ~11e o

( ) lf~ 1 11e ' ;}~ i! Jtl: 'f ~ lf~ 1 ' 1t a'-] ~~-it y)G * 1 0

( 4) fl] JJil1f.~i£~.l*-' ~-ittJG~ *- 1 ' ~ 1f1 ~~l-1{t 0

( ) ~ -it 1t ~ ~ J-_ i! ~ :k aFf a'-] Jh\ "$" ' ~ J-_ i! Jtl: ;t~ ,tt ~*a'-] A 1f1

probably; maybe C6 the usage is quite similar to that of " ~"

"~~ "thuang duce dung nhieu cau cam than bieu thi rmrc dQ rat cao

( ) ~ Jl 1t ~t fl] :k * fl r ~%-!- ~ ~ , y)G ~~µit , i! ~ -i; :t- a'-] gJ ~

-:ko ,lt- ~ 1.rf % ~ lf- ~ o

(2) 1t-i-1YJG~~i!, }J~£a'-J~~~%~:ko (3) % ~ «« ,~lll'7J !

( ) ~t ti:! gJ ~ >] % ~ ~ $ ~ lll'7J !

(58)

· 35 · ( 1) ±!Ji~ ~, 1tA.rf4t $.t91 o

( 2) £ $}] )(.~ 1f1-i-/~ ~ 11e 0

(3) :ktxt m Ga{] ~!R 1i ,(; o

( ) }}~ ~ ,t- -i.l -tl!:- ~ ~ ~ a'-1 A.~ + ~ a{i J,t-Ji o -<l: J h + a ~;7 -'-'f=' ãJJ -J:;;- ~ ;,Ơ

( ) -i'X t.l 'J U ;~ 1-if i.:s~JFJ ,~ JiL J o

(6) ~-iJL~it ~ ~, 'f ~ i£ ~J::., ~ ){~-,t-~~ 'f ~ ~o

( 1) ~.t ~ -i- ~ ~ m aJ.i A , 1t ~ 4'-3;µ i! }]~ ~ - ,t- *- oo a{] ;~ -jJ- o

( ) ~ 1f1 a'-J A f* :f Pf , ~ !f_ ~ -tl!:- ~~ ~ A f* s -Jif ~g) ~

( ) MU -i- at ~ ~ 4'- ~ f 1J ~ ~ , 4'- !rJ ~ o 1.9 ~ , -Jto * 1:t i-g- i im 1 ,

~~-~*f-Mfi _, ~~~~~!R1o

oo) t ~ a'-1 $-11 *El~ 1n a'-1 ±-i~ 11 tf, ~~ -,t-± ~ a{]

11 a o

(3) ~ i.R] fl~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks

Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho

k~~ -~~ ~~.i~IK ~~#t~

Jf./j11j 1: '" ' o 'u fL i~ ~!J! ~i~ ~k_ !f ~ ;1fj ' ~+!- , = ,, Fl

ll 1.rf 1tl ~ t~ f=7 1'f=1 /.tl -e: ~ s 1.rf 1tl ,ti,r ,tf( ll 1.rf 1 tl jz_ !J!

.!I.e -if (<iJ /,

foJ 1.i ~ !=, :t: foJ 1.i t-#71 ~ foJ 1.i 1cif ~ ,tt fo11.i *-*~*-

it 1-rf J:: it~J:: 4t1~ifl~ itJ~ oo ~ 1-rf *r

*- FJrl a{i M-:ktl *- ,fff a'-] i~ -}j :k , - a'-] fJfl • .:s!- ~ ,y *- oo a{] tx f

J ~ ;t,t,tt J~*-* J ~%-El J ~ i! izl a{] J~ "7i"

-tA J , ~:fPf 1~ ~1-1t -tA~ , , ;f: 11~ ;t~~A.K

i.R] i! Read out the following phrases DQC lien nhieu am tiet

lie rl goo zhco wan l'i' xue pico nice yu hue xiong

qiO goo q1 shuonq

f.J 'Ji -#-~ -!:=J 1-o 1t /f:1-

:fk ~~*

( 2) ~A if Read out the following idioms DQC tieng

(59)

· 36 ·

C#J+r)

c 6) A : ~ /i'- ~ 1; ,~ ~ :t-f? 1t ~ r tl~?

B: ;tT, ~F't*fo 1tliA -- o

(#J +J:_)

cs) A: 1t J~{f xt~-2 a'-J ± ~ >J ,~ r tl~?

B:-f>l*T,~ o

-

_ o

B:

_ o

( 3) A: A a'-J ~ R~ ~ ~p il 7'11t ~ , lfl_i!t ,& ftAJL o

B:

_ o

( tt)

_ o

(1) A: 1-lt~ >JI~~ -H-?

B:

( ) A : JJ~ )t /i'-1t ~ :t-f {J).J J~ ~ ?

B:

~ p)t ~~ Complete the following dialogues Hoan bai hoi thoai

,.1l,~.J- 6

_ ,f{j ,1, ~ :.=r J O (#J +J:_)

(6) 1t~~il, ~'%-%-&MPJfJIJ~/i'-iAf ,t)t O ( i ~)

( 7) ftt1f1 /i' r ~1tz ~ ' :!.: 3t O ( tt)

( 8) ~ 1f1 -Pt~ 1-lt- ~ve ' ( ~-it)

(2) ~ ~ J-J~ -f J1J a.t

(3) ;t~k.*-

(4) ,,fb 'El~ 'El

,J, Y< " Y<

(5) ~~ ~4'-lf-

CI ) '*" *- iJL ve , ~JIJ *- 'f I!1 at , -tl!At i1J Af!, ~ o

, 1£~ i.i ~ $.1* ~ 1*- o Ct JL)

-

_ ve' ~~1t;ti{f.~_£ ( #] + r)

___ r, ~~, 1J1t~'t't-!-.t\~? C#J +J:_)

~ p)t 1:iJ T Complete the sentences Hoan cau

(60)

· 37 ·

~ffi1:i] Correct the sentences Sua cau sai

( ) A i1ii Jl }]~ .itt:.1t I J, o/ ;!; - ,tf i~ 1if Jg ~ i:tl fil .$-

B 1.a ~~it~ Jl, J)ll?&.~J ~ ~ i£~Jl~.itt: m 1t $- C ~~~T~~*~~+~~~~tB-4-;tf"*l

D ~~~~k~~mff.$-~~~~1-~

(I) A il.1t ~ ftJ Ilk #Jr~ x_;tf" ,~, JL,fe ,~

B ~ 1n ~.itt:.~ >'r-i,J ~t ~tt~~ i,J1tz i 1tzi m 1t 4-

c.~~i~mff4-~A4-, ~4-~ff~t~~*~~, **

ii 1:iJ .1£~ Link the following sentences into paragraphs Lien ket cau doan van

(61)

· 38 ·

rxJtl rxJ1J r;li 1 at JL-=f , »t.1-'ff-1R ~ * 0 it at, - f4-ffit ~1J *, t~ *- ~ , 1XJ1J ;t

if.Jc_~~ fr!i kl:., ~ ~P1t z at 11~~(2) ,W.-£:; o 1R 'f*-/fJG-Jf k~ -t-f- 1$J ,~tr , * {P ~ A.-T-t- ~.tr , l-Ait JL 1.i r1;1 , ~ lf:- .:1t J£121, 1.i w k., -t!!.r~~f ilt- ~·,J, at, *.111 x_~k 1* m~ o ® ~ T ~k,

* J~@ J L -t- , ~ :1-P ,!- z 11' * o iE1I:- it at , - xt-+ ~A.Jr ~

-@ m ~ foJ *.111 itiiLYl *-, ~ 11J *.111 a{] -t+-t-, fff1 A.- x,

lbl:.® ~ili~*.111, ix.: ''1t-=f-,J,, ,#Tm%-~w/a{J/'

Mg,~ ~~~X~~~m~iz11o

l$J t a{] M_ JJj 1~ * if !JI~~ it rJfJ ~ ~ ~p -H ;g a{] lf- ~£ A , R ~pm 1{t 11111- ~ri ,'j', 1 1t, 1.8 Jc_~ 7'1 ~ at~k~ ~ T -u_;g ;fP ;~J.tl:, ® iti~ m ~J:t1I:-if.it11-*.1n ~x o

~~fl~ Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho

B r ltrt rift ,~.:E §!_ r+r '* IJ=£ /, \ ~ ?

• I' ~ J:l'J IF'J ,,-?-.}Jll }~,~' A lJG

( ) ;f P 1{t/ ~1±- - ~ JJf # SJ J +-+ i , ~ f if~ ~J: 1{t/ jt{t o ( ~ _t )

(2) 1R~~k-~1~~ I 1t1 #t~, ,!- :2 iJL? C rPJit)

A r00Bt1tJ-=fiiktE1t~tw:IFF iJlB~?

( l) *.1111~ ~;fPf o

( ) A- Jc_~ ~ :Jts +-+ 11~ !

(3) *.A-~~1~o

·jw~*~ Language and context Bieu dat tinh hinh thuc te

(62)

· 39

'fk,¥.o

k * -:: -f ~J1 l-1R , ~

~ - ;k_ * f 1J 'f }IJ , ,# ~t ~

i%i*-**~1~/i'-£

$}]' * ~ 1/~ 16' s: flj 'f 11=1

- Jtr *" ;g a'-J ffit ~ rR Jt< 1-r

- Ii'- Jl o ~ at ;t :1-J:1 il , m G xt 'f 11=1 a'-J ~ *- ;· 1 a

'f*lf-_&.JJ~-f, ~~1t~k*, ~*1t~-t_&., ~fl G~~5t

M_ 0 - iK_ ~ :tP }]}] s ~ 1 - '1'- ~ f} , ~ '1'- ~ f} yt_ -ft~ 'f 11=1 j:_ 1t a'-) , 1~ ;1f

~~a~~~~~, *~'fk,~*~~~~~#?MM~il1~~

;ffil ,- J J- / " 4.!Jc, .\-: r,,t "" L "?, .:-1- -~ £:i:i '.R /.fl, s.z ·,_1; • • -1:-'" -<l: tl- L 1 1- ,± ·~· IA ' I '7) /.In J1X ' ;(~ 1-JL ' ~ -J~ ~ J iin1 t'-f 1 ~ XJ O 8.JL ~ 1-f ' ::J'X /l'j -1- A - J

(-) !I ~

Text - Bai doc · ·· · ··· ··· ··· ··· · ·· · ·· ··· ·· · ··· ·· · ··· ···

II iJ}C Kewen

LY TUONG

BAI4

(63)

·40 ·

Jfilli' $ ~ 4t - _l tf x ~' 1ll-Jif 11Jr'

~ill~ :t: x 0 y ill~ - GJ

~i~' iJ:.~ ~~ 11lli 1lli O ~ GJ ~i~Jl: ;f: f{:_}Jj )A.~ ,'t ~ Jl?FJ~.I.' ~~

;tf" A ~t f.ii f.ii 1t_ 1t_ A 5JJ o

~*tr1=1~~~~r,~~a'-JWl~±~il$.~~r~~~~;tf"*

ii~~#*-o~-&at~$.~~-+A.~~~~,~at~*~*~

~*101±-~tf,$.~JLT~~' ~JL1~~a'-JffeA.o1f.~tf$.~~

-EJ:-i>i.: "1t 1f1 a'-] 1~ -k JL tt 1 , ~ JJlt 1 , xt ~ SJ " xt m G ~ ~ -i- 1

y)G ~ ,tf ' ~ x 1 ;,; - + tf f1=1 JJJ] }L O

1i~-:Y:~1~~, ~~~Y,~~~A1$.~~~, ~$.-i-1~

:t: ill i ;tf" ~ a'-] J~ -}j" ' ~ ~ $ ~ -i- .I; ,1} a'-] *- 4- # 0 ~ ]1J ~ at 1,i ' ~

~,~~~~*o~~,~~4t~*~o$.-~~~~ig-~-Jif, ~~

m Gt ~ita'-JJ:f~~o

tf t it-Jt=J-, ;f: ii, ~ ;f: 4t *-~i»i 1.i r ?" ~iJL: "J~1f iE * s 1rrJJJ, $ ;tf" ~ J L , ~ 1f1 of vA 3- 7ffl ~ SJ , $ ~ 1,t !! ll i% , 1,7' ~ ~ $ !! !!

:bRit tf i&.ftJ 1 -fll i m i'fi o 1.a Jl, it ,ki&.ftJ fiJ i,fi at, 1t~4t1.;f ftJ ]1J A a'-J ~

JI/J o - ,k , ~ »: 4- -i- rtJ :Y: o $ xt rtJ :Y: - , ~t J L ~ ;f: 1 Jij- , k 4- .f 1J rtJ ,i a'-J

~M~Jl~~' ~~*"~*~' ~~~-i-~~~k.4-#,$.~;f:~

., ~ k -;» .• i ~ m ~ -J::- ,; L , ~

i[_o ::tX ~ ~J"{!!; n:J , 1~ 3:: -:ft-/FJ '"" J ~ ,~ o

~ 1f ~ xt diJ a'-J - + ~ii ~tl , -Jt=J-1t ;t tB r $ a'-J ,~ :f , :rJG m * i% 1'ol $ Jl

;f:Jl WI~ 1-, ~ ~;f: ~ ~~~JI/Jo ~a'-1 *-i-g-ix.A.rfill-Jif o $.:rJGxt~iJL 1

m G i&.flJ a'-] m i'(i O :ltt iJL: " ]1J ,fe I~ ' $ ~ Jl 1±- r*1 $ 'F 4- ' "F 4- YA 16 '

1t y)G 1& $ *- µe_ "

:rJG i!A-t , $.1f1 -Jr -kfi x ii o ~ Jl r*1 $ - fofr k ~ ~ ~ 1- o ~ iJL :

"Jh -x 'El lb la~ ~ -;:;r ::-, ~ lb r-J .:1:-.~.J h u- hi1 5?- W l,- kk " ~ "' ",,

)< 'j,J, ;,·& ,'1& , ::rx 0J VA'¥ ,,,J, .;j:-1 1=t-J :r t:J'J - ~ Jx ,y 0 -z: ~ ~ o .::rx 1JL: ~

(64)

· 41 ·

[E]~ilx fa]~ Answer the questions according to the text

Tra lei cau hoi theo noi dung bai hoc

( 1) "ft" jgft-z.~~J3 i:r::t? 1/F~?

(2) "ft" ~~JJOfEi:p 00~1t-z.Bt1l? *f~{t-z.?

( 3) "ft" tE7*:iiii:f=1~¥U T 1t,z B9xi? ~itM WJTJW!?

( 4) "ft" jg{t-z.~~*i:p 00? "ft" a"JJ]!f~~1t-z.? 1/F~?

(5) "ft" ~~T ~3t{t,z.~? 1fFPJr:i:13!3t~ll!b?

c > "ft" *i=f=1 OO~kstraJ T? ftjg1t-z.1ft1ft ~~ Jdtuftu±m~? 1/F~:etll!b? jg

1t-z.?

(7) "ft" 1J1t,z.~1!£:ttr-*? 1J1t,z.Jlt1i § B1lVlJ~?

x_ -J:t *-1i v~ $ @1 l!1 ' 1.e Jl'

~ ;ffil ~ -r At .-h rb rf' ~7} r-b r-b tl

-=t')( ,~~ =f')( -r- J=l~ o 71\ T 1==1 U:1 '-r , '-r "J

ix ig-, ~Jl$ m G ~.tt f1t.i ilffto

A.1 fJt.i i[_ ff$- _L 1=] ;t_ ~ i}! J1J ~ # ~

{-f fJt.i al ifi , ~ s: - if! J1J ~ ifi ;y)G if!_

tm , ,t ~ Pf ~t Jfx-1-¥- A rJJ ~? $ ;)t

;t.~#r -!-o ~Yip~'$ii!%h$.i>l:

~#tJGJlJtt;f1J o

$ at.i ~ 1$ Jl ~ - ~ ix ig- ~ Yip , ~ ~ -kt ix ig- ,t ~ ~t ~ ix i-fr ~ Yip ~?

~~11J ~JL, tJG 'Yt1-¥- m G 1i Pf~, ~ + i"-P r , ~ t~ ~ ll ,J, 1t-r-

1 ' 7'} 1t ~ - it! J1J al ifi ;y)G x ~? 7'} 1t ~ ~ ~t ~ 11 - Jt~ ~?

$.,~it~ p~~ r ~.l- ~k.: ~ t~!fi ~ m ,t- ~ JL-;:?;~1-, ~~~ A.~t ~fi!

~~A rJJoJlff,~A rJJ,~~~#~**fJt.i~ho

1;; I~ "

'lo o

(65)

cau vong mua gio y nghia

· 42 ·

J caih6ng (thai hong) rainbow

20 -;t:J ir

(phong'vti) wind and nun; hartlship ; difficult'

fengyu 19 ffit m

rnean1ng

value ; eHPcl;

to part ; to leave;

lo say gor)dbye

to each other

( i:l classifier for ~ongs bai, khuc (hat)

qua thuc la, den muc

chia tay, phan biet cai, ngoi, ( nha, truong ) noi chuyen

hinh nhu, giong nhu (chuyen) tam su truce mat, doi dien ban

khoa tieng Trung Quoc khoa,h~ noi tieng chuyen du Itch tre

chuyen nghiep, chuyen nganh duong thoi, hie dong y, tan

ly tuong

011 a Journey;

during a trip

rnap

Iamous , wr-ll-kuown

department

(y nghia) y1y1

~ ~,

18 ,'& A

(chi) zhT

17 ~

(gian true) (phan biet) 15 ~~j_a jicnzh'

16 :0'-]1] ( ±JJ) tenbie

su6 14 f}f

jiootcn 13 *ii

(tam su) 12 '~ * r -r'r) xinshl

dltu (dia do) dulmicn (doi dien) ~ ,,t ( H~) zhurnmq (tnr danh) it< it ( ?7r) lutu (ludo)

(h~) XI

(so) ( i:l classifier for house school hospital, etc )

simply; at a 11

slh weighting on

ones miud ; vvorry

(giao dam) to come m contact and talk; to chat

nppn:-'i!.e;

in

haoxitmg (hao tuong) as if; look like Zhonqwenxl

(Trung van he) language anrl

tu

to ijJrovr·

lo agree

(hai tu) hoizi

} dcnqsh! (duong thoi) at that time; !h1:n zonchenq (tan thanh)

for the

inwginalion or

3 ~ flt

~ \-:

4 v nx;

zhuanye -t~

(li tuong)

; ITxiang

New Words - Tu moi

II 1:inJ Shenqct

(66)

25 ~ rnenq (mong) giac mo 26 ~Yi menqjicn (mong kien) (; mo thay

27 ffeA qinren (than nhan) nguoi than

28 ±JL nu'er (nu nhi) gai

29 :k mt shiboi (that bai) 'I, I thua, that bai

30 :k_-!- shiqu (that khu) mat

,Hl', nl• )!'(' If i rrn ,~

31 1i ,(: ! /_/ xinxin (tin tam) t'OUfid1'H1'{'; lniUi: tin tuong, tin vao,

\ ·! j

niern tin

\\ \ »r z''\JHTi>dlOtl I;,

I.('

32 i!.ft xuanze (tuyen trach) !r1 tn chon, tuyen lua

33 ii.it dcolu (dao 19) ,: \\ J \ duong, duong di 34 A!£ \ :(~ ) renshenq (nhan sinh) m.ru j'.\,!,.,!f'!H'(' cu9cs6ng,d<1ingu<1i

35 i!Jm tulsuo (thoai suc) lo co lai, rum lai

lo

36 Jix-1l qude (thu dac) tu Ill gianh duoc 37 itlih g011 (col~) tu co vu, dong vien

in crnJ111n.1gc

38 ,J, :fi-t xioohoizi (tieu hai tu) ild tre

39 ~~' mengxiang (mong In mo mong, uoc mo

~x tuong)

40 kexico (kha tieu) buon cuoi, tuc cuoi 41 ~51 \ jianqiang (kien cuong) st ning; irm vfing vang, kien cuong

42 1t tB fuchu (pho xuat) to lkl) \,() tra (gia), bo

iR~ (c6n~uc)

43 jianku (gian kho) gian 6, vat va

·43·

doan.rndu duan

24 Jf

cay dang ngot bui

kO la

suon tion (toan diem khd lat)

thanh c6ng tu

(tong) c6ng

Chenggong (thanh Cong) t(J SW'\'\'i't "',ll('t \-: 5.h

21 nx; ':JJ

22 N~

(67)

·44 ·

Qua that, tuong nhu la

Used at the beginning of the latter part of a compound sentence, "~:ii" indicates a

shift in meaning It is less emphatic than "{B~" and is often used in spoken Chinese

"~:ii" dien dat y chuyen ngoat, nghia nhe hon "{B ~ " Thuong duoc d~t d dau

phan cau sau thuong dung van n6i

(1) ~i>L, it{-f ~ it*f, ~ii, ~~~*-~:i9i1t 1 0

(2) &faJ~:k., ~ii-~A ~ii.1

(3) ftt*f1t~p~,fJ_-~JJl~ >J ii, ~ii~~ 11-ttv~ f+ ~ ,£ ~o

( 4) it -if fl-] 1 i~ J;ttt j ' ~ii~~ _x'fl O

Nhung, c6 dieu la

(1) ~-i-fr-JJ~-JiJlm-:Y:, ~_xtrtJ-:Y:-,~ JL~~ ~a

(2) 1ti>Lfr-J it 14-*~ - ~ JL~~~m.o

( ) ~ it 1i- ~ r*J ~ ii ix i!- , tif s: ~tl *- at , ~ - , ~ J L ~ t1!f- ~ 'ti tf=1 ~

,A i>L fl-] 1,"f;

"-,gJL" expresses the limitedness in amount or degree and used before "~" ,

" 19:" to indicate negation The meaning is the same as " 8"] ufo " , " ufo ~" " i:11." ,

"f~" may be added between "-,gJL" and "~" , "f)t"

" - ,BJ L" chi so luong rat it, thuong d~t truce " ~ , iJt" <lien dat y phu dinh hoan

toan Nghia gan giong nhu "ft9,ufo, 1ifo~" Gifia "-,gJL" va "~" i)t" c6 the them

"J h #17" \

us , 1=1p vao

~/ 59: · · · · M9t ti + cung + khong

"-},~UL" *7]\~_m 1iY, ffltE "~, i!i" 1V15tl*7J\%~~5Eo ~}~J,ffl ~

T " B"J ufo ' ufo ~" " - ,B) L" fO " ~ ' 1Ji" z fa] ey ~ ffi A " -tfL ' ,~" ~

II inJi§ JIH! CfyO yongfa Usage - Ngu phap

NamKinh

~~ Zhuonmtnq Proper Name Dia danh

rtJ ,'?, NanjTng (Nam Kinh) ijing, capital of Jiangsu

(68)

· 45 · Dong tu + + dong tự

"Z)}J~+·"·~~ffl,*~-~Z)}J~~fr*fi~,~-~Z)}J~~·~~o

".M." means "it has been like this" Mostly used in negative sentence

".M." nghia nhu " M.* " Dien ta y tu truce den van vay Thuong dung cau phu dinh

( ) + Jr- fr-) ~ 1* 1 ~ il: a ~ f1J 1 vA 1}ff l-A ~~ ~ :ii a-!] i1oc -Mr* !At o

(2) $.M ( *-) ~~~o

( ) a YA wi »: ~~ *-:ii t ™ , ~Jl §r; - ,k O

till the present; always; all long; at all times Tu The adverb " rt" indicates affirmativeness and undoubted It may be used before a verb or a subject It can be used alone or in reply to a question "3f't·· ·· · ·, ~ :i1 · · · · · ·" indicates a shift ; the meaning is close to that of " £ ~ · · · {El ~ · · · " , but the tone is relatively mild

Dung ph6 tu " rt" de bieu dat y khang dinh, khong nen nghi ngo C6 the d~t truce dong tu hoac chu ngu, ding co the dung doc lap tra loi cau hoi

Dung" 3rt···, ~:i1···" de bieu thi chuyen y ngoat, nghia gan giong nhu

'' £ ~ · · · · · · {El~··· · · · " nhung co ve nhe nhang hon

CI) ~i>l, it:t-t*it*r, ~:ii, ~~~:k.J#.i~Ht1?

(2) ~E' ~J:.k1**it*f, 1.8Jl~~J:.~~~:k.i{iii_0

(3) ~ ~{r-JJl tf ~ i' * it~~~iJL~.-i- tf rJJ ~ '* 0

( 4) A: 1t~MJ.-i-ii~tJtAtPEJ?

B -~ • 3 p,, 9k 0

Hy; it goes without saying Duong nhien

iiHAJ " rt" *~ ~ }E ' ~ &Hf J;t O pJ ~ J:fHE zJh iAJ *1 ' -tlL pJ ~ m 1± E it *1

:iIAJ~iJiffl~@J~foJl~L "3rt···, ~:i1···" *~~1Jr, R& "£rt···{EI~

· · · ·" ~5CflH!r, {El i!E( t~$xf_lf0 o

"fm1[" is used before a verb as an adverbial suggesting of an exaggeration in tone

"Ml[" duce d~t truck dong tu de lam trang ngu Nhan manh y la hoan toan nhu the hoac gan nhu the (co y khoa truong, ph6ng dai)

(1) ~ =-*-£, ~~1AA 1-1~)1-!J~,#-, ,;jta.-i-1m$~~{r-JJ~~o

(2) ~iJL{r-J Jl 1t ~? $ ~l A-·*' JL~ iif ~ ti o

( ) ~ ix i% i>l1l ~l A Jtl tf rJJ A_ - tf , -"- il: A_ ffi._ $ o

( 4) ~ * at i£ I J' ' 1t ~ -:f ~ ~ 'ti ' ~l A s: ~ I J' 1!~

(69)

·46·

WI i! Read out the following phrases D9c tu ngfi

( 2) eJHl Read out the following poems D9c tieng

~ !tJ )f] at j, ·rR ~)/ , Shu dco yang shf fang hen shoo,

:f iJ: f£ ii ~ ~ ~'fi o Sh, fei jTngguo bu zhT nan ~!tJ *J~iJ:.*fix Bu doo Chcnqchenq fei hcohon

~y ~± ~ ~ jJ, Shao zhucnq bu nun,

~ :kAk 1Ji ~ o Lao tu shone bei

•.n .:c: Phonetics Exercises Ngfi am

li:i J:=I

(1) tJhttJhJJ Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, dieu

-t 3f zhuanye 4t~ zhuon ye

;f~ zhumfng ttl~ chOmfng

":f xlnshl itJrit xTnshT I\.,>

~ '"frk "" dang ran fe P.:& tcnron ;1A jionzhl :lll~ jionzh!

A:£ renshenq A}j- renshen

~~t keneng ,f ~ .t,/:lb e, heneng

M.-'i!J gun :fJD iL g011

E B'" A

xerc1ses - a1 tap · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

II ~>J l.icnxl

The structure of " V + ~ + V + ~" is used to indicate that an act occurs while

the other is in progress

Dung" igji,Pj + ~" lay lai de <lien dat y mot dong tac dang tien hanh, lai co mot

dong tac khac cung <lien dong thoi

(1) ~ -.f~atfl:l]~ 1t1t-~A1ii)-1i1J~x_, ~atx_~x_~itk~~ 1 o

( 2) ~ i;L ~ i;L ~ 19(_ t.:& x 1 ~ *- 0

( ) BJt J: ~ 1-¥- dz a.t , -f J: ~ 1-¥- -f , J: i*- a~ at 1i:~ , 't 't 11;,-

~ 11;,- ~ itk

1!11 0

(70)

· 47 · ( 12 ) ~ 1tl-% ~k ~ ~ iJk , :f - ffit f:f:J ,t.1it JL-fj !kr ,

1t 1t A :r/J o -i>L 1-Yf .$ M- !

( 13) if!fiJ Ii] ~fiat, :f.~*-.-!- , ~ii)i/J m G, ~#r -ko ~ ~t y)G s: }Ji ;t-,J O

( ) ~ 14- 5J~ ii&, JJ)l {f f :f *- M- ~ , ~ :l- q]t Bk ;f P o

(7) ~ :f.;-tm1i 1~~t -t- tB ~#~ o

c s ) ~ s: ,fl i=JL Jh at* JJ}] s iii t~ ~ a'-J o

c 9 ) xt ~ Al -i>L , ':if SJ ix.* a'-J if~ Jt i! tt r - 4k- A.1 a'-J it 1$- o

~*-~~m~ig-1.~, ~)t~,~mG~o/§J*i1l ~o

(1 o) ~ -f lf- Al , ~ ~ ~ 1 A _i_ a'-] o 1.8 )t , ~ ~ 1-Yf m G ~,fl

**-0

o 1 ) A.1i1 't-i>L , Jt A :r/J z -HJ: , rfr y~ , ~~,A :r/J :rJG :f ~ 'ff1 ~

mt' *-.ml r -ft Alo

CI ) J: k ':if , ':if ix.* , ~ ~ it , - n s ~ a'-J o

c 2) -:klli-:klli :f *- ~Alt §J WI ':if o

C ) :t- Yip ii:.~ -i>L tB Ji /i'- a'-] o/ §J A , 1.e )t ,

~ -i;L ttl *- O

( 4) ~;t1ttlTk.ili:.M-1t~ 1t ~

cs) ~ 7'] s: * JJ}] ~, 1~if!f1J r ro ~11~ --- ~~ Jl/J 1~ 0

m iR.! ijt ~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cha

*,£ a'-J~Ai

i>L1t ~~,A J-

i! tt J_f ~' 1.11=

;f ~ a'-Jft':if ~ ~~,~~Ht

i& tt A.1 i!1$-

* ,£ a'-J *- '* ~JLT~a'-J~

i!tt-t 3f ;f ,£ a'-J ffit ~ IR

1t1 r -!i'-~

i!ttJJJL~

(71)

·48·

_ o ( ~l R)

o (J-A+~)

-

?

-

(3) A: it ;ff ffgi ~ a'-] 1t % ~x_ PJii ?

B:

(4) A: atka.tJ:.~1ti 1-+~o

B:

(5) A: P~ ~ i~ ve:., o

B: -iM iM- ! ~ii, ~

(6) A: Mtl i" r .ft -2 i5t1t ~?

B: -ltti>l1f lz ,t)t, ~

( :!.~ frk)

3 '"''

( ~ii)

(I) A: '/ '.X to ~ '.E a :xft ' =f' r-lb a'-] ~ ' " Jz g 1o '.E ' * , ~ i~ i-g-a'-J m * 0

B: ~ 1frHk , Q 0

(2) A: ~~*-~~-;}, 1,t-i-~-i-?

B:

~.SX:~i! Complete the following dialogues Hoan bai hoi thoai

, ~ii~~Jt_~, m GJe:i

-

( ~ frk)

3 '"''

0

-

_ o

(5) it ti &t &t 1-f" lz -:kt , @, J: a'-]~

(6) 1t11F1'

(7) ~5lJ5li!l,

(8) 1t ~t~ !1/J~

't-t Ao

,, 1·4- , ,m ~a~ 1 Ji L ( t)

( ) ~ T ,Rn~ _9l X: _9l , "' ) , o ~ 1.:L

~ -~ -~

(4) it-i*-a'-li*-k!ai!~J,JLf:_, - o (~ii)

O c ra1 R)

-

( ra1 A)

( ~~~~/P)T~PJ,-~)

0

(2) *- tf 00 y~ iir' ~ -

(-,~,JL··· + -t~.j~ )

0

~fi.x:1:ij=f Complete the following sentences Hoan cau

(72)

·49 ·

~~1:i] Correct the sentences Sua cau sai

( ) A -1 A.± ,'f; ~ :k :f~ if- , ~~ ~ iR -k , -j.ri *- ili l'ol ~ , ~ ~~ ~

A.*-~ Jl/J ;frJ ~ -mt 1t

e ~*~~x~~r~, *~~~~~~~~~m~gR

C.~~~A.~~~gR~-#~*~~A

D ~ JI:t, $ iA~ gi GEL ii fi1.t

E -r ~:!:- J.~ o FL J;:fp e J;:fp 1 •/ ~ t, 1 Ji& ~ ~ 11 _.:1t -r le :i':f • /I' ,,a ;{"ff/, 1°J /l7 /1 '1~~ /7 'I~ , 'I~,~ 1- L./~ ~ JL .;t:-IJ XX /1 ~~ /I' /.'& ~

Y1 -t1:1-

(1 ) A ~ at$)£ -* 11tl j *I- JJJJ s

B.~t00*7-~j7,~i~~~~A~±~t~~~

C 1-lt1f1 xt $ ~~ 't * ,~

D il:$ at at ~f1J1t~ ~-{-f~ ~lifli

ii1:iJPX:~ Link the sentences into paragraphs Lien ket cau doan van

(73)

· 50 ·

1i- I!l >'r a{] :qi_ ro JL ;K_ , ~ 7'] o 1tt Y j£ *IJ T - Jt_r 1\ , tt ~- J~ t: ~ +t

CD , %'-Pf~ a{] -k J L * 14- ~L 4h '¥ (2) -!- o iE # JJ~ k

~ 1n-!- ,~ ~+-tit- !t- ,4 JJt , ~ tf- -t t~ 11J r ~- * a{] t TI£J O

JJ~ Yl_ - t , J, , J, a{] 4JJ ~ 4ii J L , ® ~ - ;; JJ-t JJ-t B{J 1e- N11 , il

-f -t ~ PJ"" ~ , ;;t ~ *-i& '¥ -ff- I!l J'AAt o f?JG it l1J 1 -ff- ® 1-it ~ , ~ it~* '¥

~ -ff I!l ~ 1J {J{J ~L4h o ~.tJt@ -f k, -T -f-* T -l:: i"-t o @1

f 1J ~ 1t , JJJ] ~ 1f1 JL ~ * B{J 4Jl ~ 4ii , @ -ix *f , i£ Jo] ~ 1i- 11JJ~ J L

f2) ~.g-±j~ Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho tr6ng B r3J1J·~&ii{t-z.?

c ) JJJJ ~ :k._-!- 1 i ,~ a{] at 1,1 , ,t ~ it lih 1-it? c ) ;;t 11J JJJJ s x a{] at 1,1 , 1.t ,t ~ -ix.?

A r 35,J 1tJ -1-1t-z ·tw & r i£?

(1) ~3i]i!JL, tf~ ~1f m G1tl Pf Jto ( 2) 1-lt ~ t£ :k._-!- 11 f, I~

, , t -<l= '' m -tt }::;- Ji L -:» §

( ) ~ a, , ;'.]')(, ''-> 3:- * /FJ '"' ) ~ ,~ o

·~~~its Language and context Bieu dat tinh hinh thuc te

(74)

· 51 ·

*~ ft~iffl Supplementary words Tubo sung

1 it lion (lien) chain xich, day xich

2 {e-~~ qT'e (xi nga) chim canh cut

3 -}f-001-tt~ yl gu6 (djquoc a dat khach que nguoi

ta xiang tha huong)

4 .t~t tico (khieu) to choose ch9n

5 4t~ tech an (d~c san) special Ioc al d~csan

6 i~ i,y-,tt jf bu (cap bat LO\) gap khong the cha them rnia

ke doi kha dai) lo wait

7 fHro ZIXI (tu te') careful can than, ti mi

~a'-], itt1f1~~,-k~-~~~-k~Ao

~.f1J~, ~-~~~~tJ~~i-L4h~tB*-~*JL~, fr%in:~i!.~~~

Jt it ir~l aJ.i 4t ?- , ~ IJ r ~ i! ~~ i-L 4h Jt i z 4-* , it i1+1 aJ.i t: ~ £ x Jt i

z a'-JM-, ± JL ~ ~® .ti-ii-!-, RJi.~~ ~, ~ -tf-r-~1tl$

~x o t M ~ µ~ 1 - fo : " i!!i , 1t lk: *- ~ , i! X 11 aJ.i Jt 1t z ? " ~ ii -i-

1-f ~ - ~ ' J:_ 00 -fr I J' ~ 5* ~ J~ 11 (J) : " Made in China"

µM" ! @ }t t ml !1] rt a'-J o ± JL ~~ 3t 1 ~ *-, t~ :i ~ iJL: " ~ aJ.i :t- ~ ti,t , 1t ~ .Jl-Jf,t aJJ µM" ! "

(75)

· 52 ·

~ M~ i,J ~t :t: at, t1Jr ii - ~ ;tm J , iJL ~t ,y, A a-!; o ~ ig- lk_ "µt r

t1J!i" o $ *-~~J_t, Jt ~, ~t ,'[, A.JTk_~iJL a,ry- GJ 1'-6 s: "@J ~ ~iJL" o

~ ,f£ -t- i~ ~ J: tf l!l ~ Jtt

a,ry ~ iJL , 4~ a a,ry - ~ A rn J~

il a-!; * * 1oJ ~ : " lk_ !- ~t ~ .1

11 t1J!i?" ":f , !- WI'* ! " ~ w

$-o 1~ lk_ ~ tf li:l Ao ~ 1f1 :iJG i! {t- ,,t +k: J~ JWr r - it O ,1~ r

~iJL, 1~J£~r ~-nc~Jt,

~ -iJr ~ *" ~ JL J1J 1~ ~ !- J;t o

i,J ~t :t: ra a-!; i -==- ~ ffiJ ;t: , ~ ~ ~ iJL J: iA -iJt a-!; i! 1-i ;t 1- .:tr rt -if;- o 1~

1i- ~ 1'-f;- I /A ,tf J~ iJL : " *" at fal 3R ~ .:l »t PE " $ fb J: ~ 7hl~ 3R , iJL :

"*-* r , ~ f+ ~ at1,t !-?" 1~1+ r -~ JL-iJL: "~ -J_t.1.11 *-,ti::, w

* 1t-i3L PE " Pj"" lk_ , JL-t -BJ:- ,k .:tr rt 1'-6 , 1~ ~ -iJL ~i j£p_ ~ !-1~ ~ , ~ at x

* J:.-GJ "w *~iJL" O

~ -Jr it; AfL :f lf_ iJL *" ~ J L :iJG ii:~ !- t1J!i , ,t, ~ ~ ~ ,t+ :f ~ ,f£? ,f£ :-

II ilX Kewen Text - Bai doc · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

~ It i* tm ~ -¥1-iYL

BAI SE NOi SAU

(76)

· 53 ·

;k_ "@1 *1ti3L" zjf;, ~j~-f-i- T ~ ~o 1-lt:ft:1 *-*-~-t 1}Jt ,tt, ~ *-

~K, *~T~~-~~~~il~~T+~o~T,~i£~~*J~o

~;fll;fll-;ffi" 11'4\, ~ E: 1i ~ Jk:4\ ~, y)G iJL: "1,t ~~it~ t-fr-1 ~ , ~ -

~ ~1-t 4\ 0" 1-tt-t i.lJ~ iJL : " it ;tt ~ ~ Jt 1,t ]f) 1-1" :t ~ ' f_ -t 1\ ' @1 * -1}

iJL pe_ " zra ~ ~ ,k.~~~~ ~ 4\ fr-1 * , ~~iJL: " @1 * 1t1JL pe_ 0"

{± ~t ,'7, fr-} EJ -f- :f_ , ~ t.i 't t1)T f1J " @1 * -1} iJL" it 6J 1,'f; ~ -iJ: ~ ~

~~~R)l~~~$~, ~~fr-J)l~~fr-J~#o

}J~:k_, ~{f.~~nJ:.TJ~i~o itJt~*-t~ra~-;k.*J~i~, YA

WJ° J-AAl~.t~ *ii 1f ~ fr-1 ~i~o -$-J:.AAtl ~ , 'F T J~i~, J:.f1J ~ oo at, ~ ;i- s: J~ JJ~ ~ Jt ~ ~ -i- fr-1 J~ -};" , ~ f.; ~.t ~ t\ f 1J I~ ~ al.; Ji-A -$- :1t a

iE{f ~ s: ~ ;f:J $} fr-) at 111 , ~ jf; ~ ~ + I J' 1:k -f- _£ #) lftl~ .tr t~ ~ , ~ ~.t ~

J.! 1-t 1f1 a ii T - ~ J L , 1-lt 1f1 ;ffi" ~ i£ .:t,!; {£ JJ~ :l , y)G Jo] ~ ~ -i- l1JJ~ J L o ~ foJ

1-t~An .tr t7Jr -i- s ii- 4- .:1t ,'t ~ k 0 1-tt 1n iJL , s ii- 4- .:1t {£ ~ jj_ n , rtT1 it

J LJti ~ n , ,, ~ jj_ n i£ ~ :t ~ o ~ 1-tt 1n :1-ii il ~ ~ @1 i!ifa ;t:t at , tJG iJL :

"J: 4- pe_, ~ 1n iE * ~* JIJY :ft:1 ®J -};" foJ , of YA ~ 1~ - J~ a'' ~~Jc-rt r - 'F

i" J: r 1-t 1n fr-1 4- o - it J: ~ ~.t ~ iJL -i'fi , ~ f.J ~ ~ ~rJ ~ lftl ~ i): i.R a'-J A .tr

~ilo f1J r i!ij:;f:t n O ~ T r -$-' t~ ttl 4\ *-~~1-lt1f1 al.; at11i, ~ + ,J, 1k

-f- 3t :liJL: " ~ 1f1 s: ~ )l ili ill-$- , R )l JI):~ it~~ 1~ , ,'t ~ ~t ~4\ ~?"

t7Jr r ~ 1n a'-J -i'fi , ~ ,~ £ - Jt , ,ti: foJ 1-tt 1n ~ 7F ~ -it , Jul 1-tt 1n v~ 1t ~ ~ ~ ,

1.i{f l1JJ~ JL, of Jt 1-lt1f1 t:.d.i;re.-$- ~ #J~*-, ~t ~ .t~ t~ 4-iJL: "~.t ,'(i JL vA Jf;

~ 1n J£~ JL oo ~ , @1 * 1t1JL pe_ 0" iJL :t tJG.t~ 4- ff- k r O ~ ,t~ {± JJ~ £ ~ :1-ii

iliJL1t ~ * o £4' ~~~.t~ 1t JLiiit~+;t~,tt ~*a'-J ,J,1k-f- o

~ i£ ~ {£ ~t i: i!ifa SJ :ft:1 !t ,'-51tl ) _ , :ft:1 t ~ A .tr ~ il al.; El -f- i£ * :t

~, ""iif ~ti£~i&fJJ ~ ~ ~~ 1~~ *, um 1f1~ @J *1tiJLPe:,O

(77)

cuoicung

vo, phu nhan, chu

sau, sau

after that;

afterwards

that tha, that su

·-:,incere;

real Iv

moreover:

at the same Lime ; dong thoi

jThO (co ho)

t6ngshf ( dong thoi)

shfzai (thuc tai)

toitoi (thai thai)

zhlhou (chi hau)

llnlico (lam lieu)

mtnqpicn (danh phien) name card danh thiep

all but; almost; hau nhu, gan nhu

close to

actually; in faci thuc ra.ky thuc thi

ci vi] aviation hang khong dan dung

an adjacent scat cho ngoi hen canh

pure ; real ; chinh cong

up to standard

to answer ; to reply tra loi :

qfshf · '(ky thuc)

rntnhonq (dan hang)

linzuo (Ian toa)

dldco (dia d<;10)

hutdo (hdi dap)

zoishuo (tai thuyet) to talk about

later; not to

with sth ti 11 some

ti 111e later

koutouvu (khdu dau ngu) pet phrase cau cua mieng

sau se hay, se noi

ti nua, sau

huft6u (hoi dau) after a while;

a moment later

New Words - TU rnoi ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· · e

· 54 ·

3 o-!k'~ , lo ( {"s)

4 Jt~ (IM)

5 l*Ait ( /;/ )

-·fl

6 4~,& ( _g) ~i! (ff~)

8 @1$ ( igJ)

9 ,£ Jt { -t)

\ 10 JL-t (MU)

11 ~ at { g )

\

12 ~,(j_

13 * * (·fl)

14 zra ( ::?; )

15 1J{& r

II ~iuJ Shenqci

l§l~il3t fa]~ Answer the questions according to the text

Tra lei cau hoi theo nci dung bai hoc

C 1) f'F~~~~ Vd9JtJ-~jtJJt)dB? (2) ~~jtJitAB"JD~i-B-~1t~?

C 3) f'F~jg1t~ 1TT ~ ~~ ~T~~+f~11i?.*?

( 4) 11!?.*~f'F~ T 1t~*W?

( 5) f'F~~-~*±·W/r!k 13"1 Bt 1i, 1fil~f:E ~~) L~$?

C 6) ffi*11!?.~~¥U T~~a"J±m::tI?

( 7) f'F~ * $ 13"1 Bt1ljg 1t ~ i~i~ ~?

C ) iJt iJt 1t f:E q:i 00 il!I ¥U B"J ·ltu ·l:1c E,X ~ ·!tu ,19c 13"1 ii!{$ o

(78)

· 55 ·

den/t&i now; to

(chi kim) zhljin

to he dumhfoundr«! ; ngay, ngan, sung sot

to

gap

tien, thuan duong khoi dong, bat dau vaytay

chua biet chung

lam ban

in meet ~ tn

jion mien (kien dien)

Ieng (lang)

zhco ShOU (chieu thu) In wave om:\;

rneizhunr (mot chuan who knows

nhi) probahlj

(thuan 19) on the way

(phat dong) to start; to shun lu

fadong

make) contact with;

to have dealings with

do jicodoo (da giao dao) to come into

(do du)

y6uyu

(li)

do zhcohu (da chieu ho) to

to sav hello

( usu used in the de y toi, ng6 ngang negative) to pay attention

lo; lo make speak lo

hesitant luong lu, chan chu chao hoi

chu dong

zhudonq (chu dong) initialiv<:: ad without

( ta co hiiu to nhin truce ng6 sau

phan) left; In look around

amap

cho doi

mat dat, mat san quen thuoc, am hieu

duong, duong

, etc.)

(dia dien) ground

(thuc tat) familiar

(lo".) route

dlrnion

shuxi

1u

zuo gu you pan

wennucn (on noan) warm

dengdaj (d~ng dai) [O wait ; lo e:"ped

33 JIJ~~

34 ~ijJ ( \

)

35 ~~+

36 /,;iL ·]! I ·t J L ( !-:\i )] )

37 JL 00

38 ·t~ ( ::}J)

39 .f.4'- ( {i{lj)

31 ~it ft ( Jf; )

32 ~r ~ii

22 i~B1_

23 ~1t

24 J~dr, ( 11r ) 25 ;(, ~Jt ~ ( -,

,,~ \ )

26 1$- ( !ri)

27 A_J@L~~

28 _i_ijJ

29 ~r ~~ "f

30 J_ll ( )

\

16 ;/=ll I , ff ' ,, ' i co (tho) roughly to, so so, doi, cong kenh

\ J _,/ /

17 11'4\ ) jioqicn (gia tien) j)l'1Cf' gia ca

18 1f ) tu (pho) to r1ay tra tien

19 -ti~ pmqdon (binh darn) binh thuong, binh than

20 .f -t ( )! - , /'• ) zhlvu (chi vu) df (go} den noi, ve,

so :1:-; to den muc

21 ~114 tuicl (thoi tu) tu choi, khuoc tu

(79)

· 56 ·

, (later) Roi sau hang hay

*/J\~~~~~,~~#,~m~~~~~~~~o~~7&1J\~~AEJ"J~

Usage - Ngfi phap · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

Iii inJiN"Jfli! Cfyu yongfa

As I was looking around , two lads came from behind and greeted me

Dung hie toi dang nhin truce ng6 sau thl phia sau co hai nien chu dong

chao toi

"ti:JfiJl:fiIDt" : ~ti::fi~)WJ 00~

"ti:JfiJ!:fiIDt" : look around, glance right and left

"ti:Jl!Jl:fiIDt" la nhin quanh, nhin nguoc ng6 xuoi, nhin truce ng6 sau

tJl~~ 14-":f~iJG± ~o

• tf.JRq-i!l

I mentioned several times to give him the payment for the books Nhieu lan toi da nhac viec tra tien sach cho anh ay

" ta ::t:;J " 1=t " '~ ~,rr" " 'i'!4 ~,rr" n{t :tt EB

1JE~ )E 1:J<.j;IJ ' l-Jt:!:IJ ll~ ,'&,,~,

" =!{~" means to mention

" }£®" nghia la "nhac nho" "noi tot"

" T" is pronounced as " lioo" , meaning "the end" " llfu T" means "finally" or " before something finally ends"

" T" dQC la" lice " Ket thuc." lltii T "chi thoi diem ket thuc,

Notes ··· p

4 :~ ~ ~ Upon leaving, he gave me a lot of books

Cuoi cung, anh ay dua cho toi rat nhieu sach

"T" itf'F: lico , is*o "rlfuT" 7&1J\~sJREJ"JBt1f*o

II tl:ff Zhushl

1 o/ l!l Zh6nggu6 (TrungQu6c CAAC ( Civil A Hang Khong clan

R.-Ait Mfnhang dan hang) dung Trung Qu6c

2 ~Jin Xizhlmen (Tay True Mon) Xizhirnen, a !!HJ) TayTn;icMon

ht O

3 i ~n Fuxinqrnen (Phuc Hung Mon) ~ ('l ~, in Phuc Hung Mon

~~ Zhucnmlnq Proper Names

ngay, thoi gian, CUQC song

life; livelihood;

number of ddy~; date

rlzi (nhat tu) 4o a -f-

(80)

· 57 ·

(1) ~ -Jf- i~ ifL -1' Jt it~ ~ JL ;r)G il: ~ -!- p~? I~ ~ ~ ~ {-f -1'

~1£?

( ) 1tl ~ I J' 1k -f ~~ ~ -it JL 6J , ;r)G 'Yt 1-ff ~~]!_ ~ 1±- O

(3) 1o*-~~~ ~ ~1£1£ {f.i ~4~, 1;t:rJG1tl~it-1£ ttJ: t Jfx.JJ1_o

ifiJ;~ , ~ ~ 1Fl honest, unfeigned Thanh thuc, khong gia ddi

~.:;r, honest; really; indeed That nhu the

(2) ~~ff.J -t+-f ~ ~ -= J- i P, Jt ~~~m-t- i r o

< ) Jt ~ -f _1:_ 1,7' -1' m "~ 1~ , ~ m G ~t M O

~iftMulo

" ~~" indicates that what is to be said is true It functions to rectify , explain or

complement a stated fact or an assumption It is used before a verb or subject, e g

"~~" thuong d~t truck dong tu hoac chu ngu <lien dat viec noi den la co thuc,

mang tinh cai chinh, giai thich, ho sung cho phan cau phia truck

( 1) 1~{¥ i! 1'f;iJL1.rf 1tl-Jtf, k ~~YA/;; 1~Jt ;fG -:Y: A, Jt ~ ~Jt J:_

,1*Aa

in fact Ki thuc, thuc

" -¥} iJl" is used to suggest that something be considered or handled until the time

or condition allows , or until the opportunity is right Sometimes it implies an indirect refusal to requests , e g

" -¥i- iJl" nghia la doi den co thoi gian, co dieu kien, co co h(>i se nghi tiep hoac

giai quyet " -¥i- iJl" co dung de tu choi kheo mot yeu cau

(I) Jt.~, ;fG-:Y:AJfi.~itff.J-tJ-i-&-Jt "@J*1t-·it" a

( 2) ~ 1i ~ vA ro 1f-iJL JJ~ o

C ) A : 1,7' -1' s: i!L9~ - ~ { ix i% k -iaJ -#!-} JJ~ ?

B : ~ 4'- k ~~ ~ * 4\ , YA ro 1f-iJL JJ~ o

( ) A : ~ 1i1 a}] k-!- If}! /f P l&l JJ~

B : a}] k ~ j£ ~ ;,J {f.J ~ , VA Pa-~~) L 1t iJL JJ~ o

(81)

· 58 ·

( ) $ ~ il ~Jt ~ J l] * , f -J- :t ~ 1ti a(; , $ ii!G ;,-: ~µ it 1 o

( ) ~;; Jt $ a(; - , ~ J L ~ JL , f -J- 1t 1f1 ~-i-1: ;,-: ~-i-1: , f1~ $ ii!G ;,-: " ~ T" is used at the beginning of a sentence or a clause to bring in another topic The verbs , nouns , etc that follow " ~ T" are the new topics

" ~ +" d~t a dau cau hoac dau phan cau de lai sang chu de khac Danh tu, dong tu dung sau " ~ +" la nhung chu de

O ) ~ -f- iJR J~ ix : " ~ Jtt: -# ~ s: 1,t Jt1 1.rf :t a(; , f -J- 4\ , y"J 16 -1t-

ffltE1iJ-=f-~5tlaJ3f~, 51 *~ ~ii~o "~ r" FoitIEJ{J;g iP]" Z9JiP]~8°Jt£

i!~o

Jifar as to Con nhu, ve

~ ,, "';:c'.}~ ~,

~;,

hi h " d f " " d " "fi d f l" w IC means not m nee o , nee not or m It not use u , e g

"ffl1i~" nghia la can, co ich cho Phu dinh dung" ffl~~" tuc chang can, khong ich gi cho Thi du:

O ) 1~ -f- £ J~ it : " ~ Jtt: -# ~ Jt 1t Jt1 1.rf :t a~ , f -J- 4\ , y"J 16

-Jlt-i>i µ~ O "

( 2) ~ f; ~ Ri3i $ ~ ~ Jt1 ;r-: :i 1 , -;tP ;}fl 1,t Jt11.rf :i a(;-i1zii!G~~1t µ~ o

< ) ~ £ :k -&L r , m ;,-: :ta~ t ~ ii!G * r µ~ o

( 4) -J:;-1f / ~ TiJ 1,b "cl> Ja Ja ·;4 r-A -r ~ J • • / -1- r-

/fJ ~ ,~ ~ •J'• $IL, XJ XJ 1-JL , JTJ -r- ,1:J ,:;t: ~ ~ A ~ o

d f " " f l" I f "rn~~"

nee o or use u ts negative orm Is m/l",,gJ ,

"l=Ft:11=1~" m-,v,,gJ means In "

useful Can, can den

( 4) ~te:3x i.g-iJiA.rf Ji tf7 00 A - ;tf n , ~ ff- ;r-: $ ~ o

( ) ~ 14- ~ 1,7' -!- fol ~ m G µ~ , $ ~ ff_ ;r-: ~µ it o

( ) $ ~ ff- ;{-: ~t-Jlt- l1§:j ' ~ ~ l1§:j ;{-: ~Ji' 1 0 El'-Hifl, :l{.Ef{J indeed, really Dich thuc, that

(82)

· 59 ·

wli! Read out the following phrases Tu ngfi

~*JJJ]~ ~*$-A J~+k~ik- 1:11J~*

i>iA-rf-t ~jR ,'-1, f ~jR -t~~:l~iJL ii1-¥-1i-t ~~

%._J~lol~ s: J~ 4% i~ Jj._J~~ 1t s: J~ #Jr :f 4h

*-~~-i~ *-~-tf.& ,ft~tlL~ ~.t~,ft~

jtl 1~ ;fr ~ il -:kf ;fr ~il ;f: -:kt Jr ~ il 't ;fr ~il quon bu If sh6u

qO bu If k6u

shu neng shenq qioo qfn neng bu zhu6 ru xiang suf su shl zoi ren wei

;{&~t1_:Pj

1); ~t ;f" ~ili

A?} f.ii 1~ ~ ,,(f_ A 7-J ~;f: WJ-t

\ib;f:~O

( 2) Mij Read out the following idioms DQC tieng

'.:ii.~ Phonetics Exercises

Ngfi am

ls::i f=I

(I) r#tHJhWJ Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, dieu

Jt.~ qfshf Jg :f qlsht

~Ai rnlnhonq i!_-AA, rnihonq

J~+ zhaosh6u ;f~~~ zhaosh6u

:l~il dldco :l~il dldco

~Jc.*' shuxi {Atilt shuxl

;{:._,,~

~it3l y6uyu dl-t y6uyu

J~dq dlrnion if drJ tlmion

Jr llJf dating :k ff datTng

Exercises - Bai t~p · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · )()

II~>) Lionxl

(83)

· 60 ·

_ tlt-1'{£~,t-1~~ T: 1t~t-1'~t~~ r,

,flt flj 11})~ ,t- J~ ~ -!- J o ( P)f 1,}L .tr l1)f)

(3) ~hA_,J,{f_~ti "* * k, ix i.g-iJL1.ff1tl , -Jf k~ at ~:Bi vA 7'J

(2)

(1) ~-f:y)G -!- ~if*~ J;t4i 1t.1i, ·.P)f vAA,k~- ~~-!-

~ if i4!_i4!_ o ( 11}f13L .tr l1)f)

( 10) ~J~,1£-1' *-,

(11 ) # >] ix i.g- -- JL # >] i.g- i , Bi ~ f4lr- 'f @l a'-] ;fl ~ 'fl7

5(_ 1to

(12) # J ix i-g-, VA J6 Jtl 'f @l A :y)G ~ 1t i J o

-

( 8) ii 14- ~ 1,i -1' ~t-Pt ' s ii ;)t ~

-

( ) 1t Je:.1t al.] ~ J.u: % i)f ~ , ~ Bi~ ~JL ~ -!-1t 111 @l ~ J~ C 4) ~ ~!J -1' ~ iAeAJJ ~ik{f.1t ~ !~ ~ o

( ) ~ ll)f-i,}L 1~~-!- f; ~-~ -Jr~ ' 1t ~ at 1,t-!- ~ y)G -1' ~ il

( 6) ~ ~ i~ "M- jJ 7 ' ~t -1' ~t-¥- ~ ' :yft>f tl~it iJL 0

1-ttJL a ;t.A o

-

(1 ) A, J~j_t ~ at fa] 7 , ~ 1i1 aJJ k ve:,

( 2) 1,t ~ ,flt 1t t @l A ,

c ) ~ ix i-g-iJtA.ff Jt- o

iif ffiJ fl~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho

(84)

· 61 ·

(I) A: *~j.t-:!-~~ r, ~ + !l JJJ a llm 111 * ~ ~ , *l1Bi?

B: ~ + !l $}] El ~ ~ 1±- ~.t at fa] ' ( TEJ!k)

(2) A: -a ,J ~ ~,& +~~ ~ 41~ ~ a{] i1' ' 4\ o

B: ~i!_JLif 4\, ( TEJ!k)

(3) A: 1-it * 1-f J-1~ >'r f!l A o

0 ~foc~i! Complete the following dialogues Hoan bai h{>i thoai

0 ( _f.~)

-

(7) ]ii ~~iJL~~,

(8 ) J-A }]~ ,k J&-1-lt J[diJ YA 16 ,

o ( ~:tft)

( ) ~ ~ 16 - ;k_-:!- J:_ ifj:- i£ s: ~ if- Wl , YA 16 o ( -11- ~ )

-

~~~~~~~~~o ($~)

( ~1f_) ( ~1f-)

o ( £ T)

0 (£-t)

-

, ~ J.t I; i& ~ ~ JJJL~ o

-

(2)

C3) ~%iJf~r+Jl~*-tf!l,

( 4) ~ l1)fiJLii~,$ -# ,

( ) ~ a{] 1t-* i£ ~.t if 1ti Jc.~ , tlt L ~ ~ ~ ~ JJ ,

~ foc 1iJ T Complete the following sentences Hoan cau (4) ~ ~A iJL 1,"f;

' 1t ~ ~ l1Jf ~ a{] o

( ~.t,'!i-JL ~-;t_)

(5) A,~ a{] tlt J:_ ' 1-it ~/JT11.f r , ~111~~~1-tt r o

( ~.t ,lf- JL ~-;t_)

(6) ~,t:k:iLJ, 'r , s: r~~:k.r=m, ~~ ~~*- r o

( ~.t,'!i-JL ~-;t_)

(85)

· 62 ·

~ffi1i] Correct the sentences Sua cau sai

( 2) A ~ -tt~ s Jli -t-im:, ~ jjL~ t ~,XJL , -Jto *-1t 1f1 ~ ;t ~ , iJG ,t:k: ;h_ u: ~

~7,~

B 1~1f1- t1Jr;i~~l14-k X;;tf *-

C t l1=l A 1s JJt, >'r l1=l A 10 JJt

D ;tJJ~~iA.J!l-~, ~y)GJ,;{i7, xt1~1f1ix

E ;t f1J 1~ 1f1 X 1-ff JJ~ ~ -Jf- ,~ , ~ ~ 1-ff ~ Jte Jt -f- ~ f ~ Pf~ ( ) A Pf jjt ~ Ilsl 7'1 JJ~ £ N' *- ~.t ~+:ii >'r J1=l A_µ~

B - k~J!l-~ t l1=l JJJJ ~ + r 1~aJ.i ~ ?J ~,J, ill ~t

C P}fYA~-.f1J, 1&.iA.t)G~~-~;t

D *.f1J 1$-.1-, ~ ~ l1]f .f1J 1t-f-1f1 µ~ : " >'r J1=l A., >'r J1=l A.! "

E ~ ~~ ~~ Ilsl 7'1 ~ #J * s: * 1it , ij~Jlt * ]i , J!l 1~ 1f1 * 1-ff ~ -

-H- , f]f YA 1~ 1f1 ~ .flJ ~ {i

ii 1iJ f.oc~ Link the sentences into paragraphs Lien ket cau doan van

B: ($~)

(4) A: 1b ~ ,J, JL1-if /.'£=} ~ ~ '' -4- I A 1? / f' ?

I\$~ f-

B: ~ ~1-ff ( ~{±.)

(5) A: ~,t:)ti\ ,~ r , 1~:t- ~ ii.~ *-1:/t.?

B: ( ~~AiJL)

(6) A: 1,tix.~+~+ ~ ~o/t.?

B: ~~ i -Jff aJ.i ~JL~l1-t, ( ,5itft)

(86)

· 63 ·

B rffia"J'tff&~~ iJl.?

C ) JJJJ ~~ -ik 1t -i-1:t ~ , of Jl 1t iE M ~ :f , x ~ 1it ;Jt ;t_ 1t ~ at

11t-i- 1t :t ~ ~t1~iJL? ( £ -t)

(2 ) M ~ l'iil 1t ::f 1rlra- if.~~ ~ ~1* ~ ,{}:_ tf I!J ~ >J , 1,t J~ ,{}:_ if ;Jt ;t_

~ r o c fJtft)

C3) 1,t~iw l!l r , ~ Jt.t If:~~ 'iW; ~ r , 1t ~rJJ~ ~ 111 ilJJJJ ~, 1t

,,t, ~ ~t JJJJ ~ iJL? c rn ~ :t )

A 'F ffi B"J la)-=f llJ ~~ tE 1t ~ Bt f1*iJl?

c 1 ) ~ 1n ·tffit ,t)t Jt iwr r - it o

( ) ~ ?t J L Al ~ £ »t lle:_ o

( ) :?fl jft *- •ti: ' tW * -1}- iJL lle:_

8 ~~~~ Language and context Bieu dat theo tinh huong

(87)

· 64 ·

1-¥-~ 1'cl ¥i 1'cl ~Art ~it:t·, ~ ii~i£Jl lE1 $- r ~ a-!; 1'cl ~, ilri 111rt iA~ o ~

1JL = " ,ff it l!1 ~ k * 1rt ~ ~ Bi , 1rt i ~ * ~ 1,J ~ - ~ tJG ill~ r k * ¥i

fl , fo}f v~ , ~ 1i1 k * ,g s: 8 J1J Jr J:: ~ 1tl Y ¥; -t 1£ a ~i;L l,J 1t ~ , ~

~~%~~,-Jll,JT~ml!l~aJ.J~~,@ Jll,JT~mG

a,!; ~*-a''

* , J£ * , i! ,k ~ 1-¥- 11J r - + J.t 1.i O * ,ff J.t 1.i J:: , ~ ~, r tr- 7' , it l!1

~*¥i*>J~*~~~~~?1-ttm1,J~~i!.~~h~?

ra*-, ~iAi~@ -+rrl!l~*o ;tJ1J~£.ft}Jk~~1t

s: - :;t_ ~~A\ J1J - + tr- J.t 1.i a (2) ill-!- v~ g , i£ Jl ~~ ~ ~ J.t

1.i' ~ 7'J lf l!1 ~ * -!-1-¥- tt~ -f1-¥- i O

i~~,~-~~-f~,~~~~~~00.:f';~~-!-,~~;t~-

~A.jt,tf I!l :f';1t fl o ~ ~fr fl a kll~ ! ~ ~ -filG*- 1 ~ ~ i A.a

k fl - 1t , A.1n tJG ~ 1i x k , ® ~ F.ii ~ A ~J.L -tt r ill ~Jl -!-lJ=-iLJJ J1J i!.+ k **SJ ¥J a v~ RG it ,ff.)} -+*tx.*ii-11=- ix i% a ~L*-tl!lat~RJl~,;t;t, J;t»tJL, ~~~,tftf*, xtm G~~~

f+ ~ ~ * , 't 't ~ J:: i*- , i~ JJJL~ - ~ J1J >'r itL-!- ii! a *- J1J i! + * tx v~

ra, *~~ii-!-¥i-1r~Jl~iir, *~aJ.Jt~k~r, ~i%*+-

~, JL ~ ~~ ~ $t_ ~ a ilri ll , ~ N~ *-~~-!-ii* tx ¥; 00 :f'; 1t a ~-k, ~l,J~*~~~,~~~X~k~*'~Rtf-!-00.:f';~

i_ >J O J1J l)t] j,t 1: - ;t , - + ~ ).t 1-i ~ ~~ ~ , fo}f ~ a,!; ).t 1.i ~ t:.J f£ ~ A

r O ~at-+rrl!l~*i.l:~*itt¥i1.i-r, ~~1-¥-1tl~tf~i'~o 1~i£%

i)f ~, ~~,{f.i!.JL;t :y; CD s -ii-f ~, JL *-0

i _::: k J::_ 1f- ~ ~~ ~ i*- ' P}f v~ 11t r -ff,&_ y)G s: J1J 00 :y; 1t-!- r ' I\_> ~' ~

Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho

(88)

·65 ·

1 6 zhan (chiem) to tak e ; to occupy Chiem, doat

2 a bci (bach) for nothing Trang tay, mat cong, VO ich

3 t~+t reqln (nhiet tinh) warm-hearted Nhiet tinh ~,t& qfguai (ky quai) s·tra11ge La.ky la

5 -t1£ zeren (trach nhiem) duty: Trach nhiern

6 't 51 fuqionq (phu cuong) prosrwrous and stn;ng Gidu rnanh

7 *-*- weiloi (vi lai) future Tuong lai

8 -trn-t;t y6ngj'f (ung te) crowded Chen chuc, chen lan

9 ~,t{} zhenxi (tran tich) to value Qui

i~ "!f ~ ffiJ Supplementary words Tu ho sung

~~~1o~~~~~~ ~m~~o~~~~,~~

~j*~~*OO~~~t~~~-~~~a~~*~~~t,~~~

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