TỔNG hợp các THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH

Trong những năm gần đây, Bộ GDĐT áp dụng hình thức thi trắc nghiệm đối với môn tiếng anh THPT, thi ĐH. Trong chương trình tiếng Anh, mảng “Thì” là một mảng kiến thức quan trọng, nằm trong phần ôn tập cho các kỳ thi tốt nghiệp và đại học. Muốn nhận biết và làm tốt được các bài tập trắc nghiệm và tự luận liên quan đến mảng kiến thức này thì học sinh cần phải nắm vững được những kiến thức cơ bản liên quan đến thì trong các trường hợp riêng lẻ đồng thời nắm được các dạng bài tập liên quan đến mảng kiến thức này. Vì vậy tôi đã chọn đề tài “ Tổng hợp các thì trong tiếng Anh” để làm vấn đề nghiên cứu và trình bày trong bài báo cáo chuyên đề của mình.

CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỔNG HỢP CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU: I LÝ DO CHỌN ĐỀ TÀI: Trong năm gần đây, Bộ GD&ĐT áp dụng hình thức thi trắc nghiệm môn tiếng anh THPT, thi ĐH Trong chương trình tiếng Anh, mảng “Thì” mảng kiến thức quan trọng, nằm phần ôn tập cho kỳ thi tốt nghiệp đại học Muốn nhận biết làm tốt tập trắc nghiệm tự luận liên quan đến mảng kiến thức học sinh cần phải nắm vững kiến thức liên quan đến trường hợp riêng lẻ đồng thời nắm dạng tập liên quan đến mảng kiến thức Vì tơi chọn đề tài “ Tổng hợp tiếng Anh” để làm vấn đề nghiên cứu trình bày báo cáo chuyên đề II MỤC ĐÍCH: Khi viết chun đề này, tơi mong góp thêm vài ý kiến vấn đề liên quan đến cách áp dụng cho dạng tập tự luận đặc biệt tập trắc nghiệm liên quan giúp giáo viên tham khảo thêm việc ơn tập cho học sinh chuẩn bị tốt cho kỳ thi tới III ĐỐI TƯỢNG NGHIÊN CỨU • Trong chương trình tiếng anh THPT, chuyên đề “ Thì” đưa vào giảng dạy khối 10, khối 11 12, mảng kiến thức quan trọng giúp học sinh khối 12 thi THPT Trong báo cáo mình, tơi tập trung vào số vấn đề lý thuyết liên quan đến cách ghi nhớ nhanh, cách nhận biết cách làm tập cách nhanh nhất, đồng thời giới thiệu số dạng tập tự luận, tập trắc nghiêm liên quan đến mảng kiến thức nhằm giúp học sinh hiểu nắm kiến thức nâng cao phần Thì tiếng Anh cách hiệu IV PHẠM VI NGHIÊN CỨU: ;;;; V CƠ SỞ NGHIÊN CỨU: Tôi nghiên cứu đề tài dựa cở sau: - Dựa vào thực tế giảng dạy chương trình Tiếng Anh THPT - Dựa vào số tài liệu tham khảo “ Thì ” - Dựa vào số ý kiến đồng nghiệp PHẦN NỘI DUNG I.TỔNG HỢP CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH Ngữ pháp ln tảng quan trọng học tiếng Anh, nói với bạn giao tiếp mà khơng cần học ngữ pháp quan niệm sai lầm Tiếng Anh nói mà khơng chuẩn ngữ pháp tiếng Anh “bồi” để nói chuyện với bạn bè, người thân Muốn học tiếng Anh giỏi, lấy chứng quốc tế hay để làm tốt đề thi bạn phải nắm ngữ pháp, 12 tiếng Anh quan trọng Dưới tơi xin trình bày tồn nội dung kiến thức 12 Tiếng Anh cách đầy đủ rõ ràng Thì đơn tiếp diễn a Cấu trúc: Thì đơn Thì tiếp diễn Câu khẳng định(+) S + V(s/es) Ex: He goes to school everyday S + Be(am/is/are) + Ving Ex: The children are going to school Câu phủ định(-) S + not/ does not + V(inf) Ex: She doesn’t go to school S + Be(am/is/are) + not + Ving Ex: The children are not going to school Câu nghi vấn(?) Do/Does + S + Vinf? Ex: Do you live in Hanoi ? Am/Is/Are + S + Ving? Ex: Are the children going to school ? b Cách sử dụng : Thì đơn Diễn tả thói quen, hành động xảy thường xuyên lặp lặp lại Ex: He plays games everyday Diễn tả chân lý, thật hiển nhiên Ex: The sun rises in the East Diễn tả lịch trình có sẵn, thời khóa biểu, chương trình lên lịch sẵn Ex: My programs begin at p.m Dùng sau cụm từ thời gian when, as soon as câu điều kiện loại Ex: We will not listen to you unless we see it ourselves Thì tiếp diễn Diễn tả hành động xảy tại Ex: He is watching TV Dùng theo sau câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh Ex: Look! He is going here Dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy Ex: He is singing tomorrow Chú ý:: KHÔNG dùng tiếp diễn với động từ nhận thức, tri giác như: to be, see, hear, feel, know, like, want, understand, glance, think, smell, love, hate, seem, remember, realize, belong to, believe ,forget,… Với động từ này, ta dùng đơn c Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Thì đơn Thì tiếp diễn Often, usually, frequently Always, Sometimes Seldom, Every day/ week/ month… Now Right now At the moment At present Look! Listen!… Thì hồn thành hồn thành tiếp diễn a Cấu trúc: Thì hồn thành Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn Câu khẳng định(+) S + has/have + PII Ex: I have gone to school S + has/have + been + Ving Ex:I have been going to school Câu phủ định(-) S + has/have + not + PII Ex: I haven’t gone to school S + has/have + not + been + Ving Ex:I haven’t been going to school Câu nghi vấn (?) Has/Have + S + PII? Ex:Have you gone to school ? Has/Have + S + been + Ving? Ex: Have you been going to school ? b Cách sử dụng: Thì hồn thành Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn giống với hồn thành chỗ dùng để diễn tả hành động bắt đầu diễn khứ xảy Hành động chấm dứt có kết rõ ràng.( nhấn mạnh kết hành động.) Hành động tiếp diễn tại, tiếp tục xảy tương lai nên khơng có kết rõ rệt.(Nhấn mạnh thời gian hành động) c Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Thì hồn thành Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn - never, ever, since, for, just, already, before, (trước đây), - recently, lately, so far, up to now Since for all her lifetime - up to the present, until now, yet, (dùng câu phủ định câu hỏi) - many times, several times, how long, this is the first time / the second time, four times , five times… - The last/ the past + ( years ) all day long all the morning all day Thì khứ đơn khứ tiếp diễn a Cấu trúc: Thì khứ đơn Thì khứ tiếp diễn To be: S + was/were + Adj/ Noun Ex: I was born in Hanoi Verbs: S + V (ed/c2) Ex: I went to school last month S + was/were + V-ing Ex: She was living in Hanoi b Cách sử dụng: Thì khứ đơn Một hành động xảy hoàn tất thời gian xác định khứ Ex: We bought this car two years ago Một thói quen khứ Ex: When I was young, I often went swimming with my friends in this river Thì q khứ tiếp diễn Mơ tả hành động xảy thời điểm khứ Ex: What was she doing at 8pm last night? Mô tả hành động xảy khứ có hành động khác xem vào (Hành động xảy dùng khứ tiếp diễn, hành động xen vào dùng khứ đơn) Ex:When I came yesterday, he was playing games Một chuỗi hành động khứ Ex: I entered the room, turned on the light, went to the kitchen and had dinner Mô tả hành động xảy lúc khứ Ex: Yesteday, I was doing my home work while my sister was clearning my home c Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Thì khứ đơn Thì khứ tiếp diễn last night/ year/month … ago yesterday in 2018 When I was young/a child/ a girl at this time last month at this moment last year while at p.m last night Thì q khứ hồn thành q khứ hồn thành tiếp diễn a Cấu trúc: Thì q khứ hồn thành Thì q khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn To be: S + had been + Adj/ noun Ex: She had been a good student S + had been+ V-ing Ex: She had been going to school Verb: S + had + PII Ex: We had lived in Hai Phong city before 1970 b Cách sử dụng: Thì q khứ hồn thành Thì khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Diễn đạt hành động xảy trước hành Diễn đạt hành động xảy trước hành động khác khứ Hành động xảy trước dùng khứ hoàn thành – xảy sau dùng khứ đơn Ex: When I played games, she had already came out Dùng để diễn tả hành động trước thời gian xác định khứ Ex: We had lived in Hai Phong before 1970 Dùng câu điều kiện loại Ex: If I had known that you were there, I would have came to you Dùng câu ước muốn trái với Quá khứ Ex: I wish I had time to study English động khác khứ, nhấn mạnh tính tiếp diễn Ex: I had been looking about that before you did it Diễn đạt hành động xảy kéo dài liên tục đến hành động thứ xảy Hành động dùng khứ đơn Thường khoảng thời gian kéo dài nêu rõ câu Ex: He had been cooking meal for hours before I played soccer c Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Thì q khứ hồn thành Thì q khứ hồn thành tiếp diễn By, before, after, for, as soon as, by the time, Until then, … Yesterday, ago, at last, in the past, in the last Centyry, last week/ month/year, in (2017, June), Finally, in the 2000, from July to Agust… Thì tương lai đơn, tương lai gân tương lai tiếp diễn a Cấu trúc tiếng Anh: Thì tương lai đơn Thì tương lai gần Thì tương lai tiếp diễn (+) S + will/shall + V-inf (-) S + will/shall + not + V-inf (?) Will/Shall + S + V-inf? Yes, S + will/shall No, S + will/shall + not Ex: I will come out my home next day Dự định làm S + am/is/are + going to + V-inf Ex: He is going to visit his father tomorrow Sắp sửa làm S + am/is/are + V-ing Ex: She is getting maried at the end of this month S + will + be + V-ing Ex: Mary will be watching TV at p.m b Cách sử dụng tiếng Anh: Thì tương lai đơn Thì tương lai gần Mơ tả định thời điểm nói Ex: I will eat it soon Là lời dự đốn khơng có Ex: I think he will come here Dùng câu đề nghị Ex: Will you close the door ? Câu hứa hẹn Ex: I promise I will come to see you as soon as I possible Mô tả một dự định Ex: I am going to buy a new washing machine Là lời dự đoán dựa vào chứng Ex: The sky is very black It is going to rain Thì tương lai tiếp diễn Mơ tả hành động xảy thời điểm xác định tương lai Ex: I will be watching TV at pm Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai có hành động khác xảy Ex: I will be cooking dinner when you return this evening Thì tương lai đơn: dùng “will” định làm điều vào lúc nói, khơng định trước Thì tương lai gần: dùng “be going to” định làm điều gì, lên lịch sẵn để làm c Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Thì tương lai đơn Thì tương lai gần Thì tương lai tiếp diễn tomorrow soon as soon as until…some day next day/week/month Dựa vào ngữ cảnh chứng để xác định at this time tomorrow at p.m tomorrow at present next Friday at this moment next year Thì tương lai hồn thành tương lai hồn thành tiếp diễn a Cấu trúc: Thì tương lai hoàn thành S + will have + Pii Ex: I will have finished my program by tomorrow Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn S + will have been + Ving Ex: in Agust, I’ll have been living at this house for years b Cách sử dụng dấu hiệu nhận biết Thì tương lai hồn thành Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn Cách sử dụng:Diễn tả hành động hoàn tất vào thời điểm cho trước tương lai Ex: When you finish your homework, I’ll have watched TV Dấu hiệu nhận biết: By then By + (by the end of, by tomorrow) By the time Diễn tả hành động khứ kéo dài đến thời điểm cho trước tương lai Ex: By November, we’ll have been living in Hanoi for 10 years Dấu hiệu nhận biết: By then By … for (+ khoảng thời gian) By the time II.PHƯƠNG PHÁP HỌC THÌ: 1.Tên cơng thức dạng ngắn gọn : Khi làm tập trắc nghiệm trắc nghiệm tự luận, việc ghi nhớ cơng thức quan trọng học sinh cần ghi nhớ nhanh công thức ngắn gọn thi Thì đơn Thì tiếp diễn Thì hồn thành Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn Thì khứ đơn Thì khứ tiếp diễn Thì q khứ hồn thành V(s/es) Am/is/are + Ving Has / have + PII Has / have + been + Ving V (ed/c2) Was / were + V-ing Had + PII Thì q khứ hồn thành tiếp diễn Had been + V-ing Thì tương lai đơn will/shall + V-inf am/is/are + going to + V-inf ( dự định) Thì tương lai gần am/is/are + V-ing ( kế hoạch) Thì tương lai tiếp diễn Thì tương lai hồn thành Thì tương lai hồn thành tiếp diễn will + be + V-ing will have + PII will have been + Ving * Học sinh nhớ cách chia động từ sau: + Với tại: động từ, trợ động từ chia theo cột thứ (V1) bảng động từ bất quy tắc + Với khứ: động từ, trợ động từ chia theo cột thứ hai (V2) bảng động từ bất quy tắc + Với tương lai: phải có chữ will cấu trúc Đây yếu tố bắt buộc + Với tiếp diễn: có hai dạng to be V-ing + Với hồn thành: trợ động từ have/has/had động từ chia theo cột thứ ba (V3/ed) bảng động từ bất quy tắc 2.Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì: Như phần trình bày, tiếng Anh có cấu trúc riêng, cấu trúc có từ, cụm từ thời gian từ mức độ thường xuyên thực hành động Vì vậy, có thêm cách học tiếng Anh dựa vào từ để nhận biết Thì tiếng Anh Các từ để nhận biết Hiện đơn Every, always, often , usually, rarely, generally, frequently… Hiện tiếp diễn At present, at the moment, now, right now, at, look, listen… Hiện hoàn thành Already, not yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently, before… All day, all week, since, for, for a long time, in the past week, Hiện hoàn thành tiếp diễn recently, lately, up until now, and so far, almost every day this week, in recent years… Quá khứ đơn Yesterday, ago, last night/ last week/ last month/ last year, ago (cách đây), when… Quá khứ tiếp diễn Trạng từ thời gian khứ với thời điểm xác định • At + thời gian khứ • At this time + thời gian khứ • In + năm khứ • In the past Quá khứ hoàn thành After, before, as soon as, by the time, when, already, just, since, for… Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after… Tương lai đơn Tomorrow, next day/ next week/ next month/ next year, in + thời gian… Tương lai tiếp diễn Next year, next week, next time, in the future, and soon… Tương lai hoàn thành By + thời gian tương lai, By the end of + thời gian tương lai, by the time… Before + thời gian tương lai Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn For + khoảng thời gian + by/ before + mốc thời gian tương lai Cách sử dụng : Sau học nhận biết từ chung với thì, cần học cách sử dụng trường hợp Cách sử dụng dài khó nhớ, nhiên học sinh khéo léo học theo từ khóa dễ nhớ Thì tiếng Anh Hiện đơn Hiện tiếp diễn Hiện hoàn thành Hiện hoàn thành tiếp diễn Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Các từ cần ghi nhớ cách sử dụng - thật , thói quen, thường xảy - khả - thời gian biểu - diễn - đề nghị, cảnh báo, mệnh lệnh - kế hoạch - kéo dài đến - không xác định thời gian - vừa - chưa hồn tất - Nhiều lần + có khả tiếp tục tương lai - tiếp tục kéo dài đến - kết thúc - liên tiếp - xen vào - sau - diễn thời điểm cụ thể - đồng thời - diễn bị chen ngang - hoàn thành trước :+ hành động khác ( qk) Quá khứ hoàn thành + thời điểm ( qk) Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn - xảy + kéo dài liên tục trước - thời , lúc nói - dự đốn khơng có - u cầu, đề nghị - Hứa - xảy (thời điểm xác định tương lai) Tương lai đơn Tương lai tiếp diễn - xảy ,bị chen ngang ( tương lai) - hoàn thành trước: + thời điểm (tương lai) Tương lai hoàn thành + hành động khác (tương lai) Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn - tiếp diễn liên tục đến tương lai với thời gian định III.PHƯƠNG PHÁP GIẢI BÀI TẬP CHIA THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ: Dựa vào dấu hiệu nhận biết : Khi làm tập chia thì, viêc học sinh cần làm kiểm tra xem câu có trạng từ thời gian khơng, từ dấu hiệu xác định động từ cần chia dựa vào công thức để chọn chia động từ cho phù hợp Trạng từ → Thì → Cơng thức → chia động từ Ex: John have worked for this company since 2005 HTHT Ex: I went to the concert last week; I met him yesterday QKĐ QKĐ Nếu câu khơng có dấu hiệu nhận biết nên dựa vào cách sử dụng để chia động từ Ex: 1.Tung plays tennis very well HTĐ ( Khả năng) Will you open the door ? TLĐ (đề nghị) 10 Ex: Peter stated learning French when he was at high school => Peter has learned French since he was at high school S + last + V(ed / c2) + when S + V(ed / c2) + => S + haven't / hasn’t + P(II) since + Ex: Lần cuối làm chuyện => khơng làm chuyện từ I last saw him when I was a student => I haven't seen him since I was a student The last time S + V(ed / c2) was ago => S + haven’t / hasn't P(II) + for Lần cuối làm chuyện cách => khơng làm chuyện Ex: The last time she went out with him was two years ago => She hasn't gone out with him for two yearsTương tự mẫu khác phần sau It's years since S + last + V(ed / c2) ( Đã khoảng thời gian từ làm lần cuối) => S + haven't / hasn’t + PII + for (=> khơng làm việc + khoảng thời gian) Ex: It's ten years since I last met him => I haven't met him for ten years When did + S + V(inf) + ? ( bạn ? => How long have + S + PII + ? ( bạn mua ? ) Ex: When did you buy it ? => How long have you bought ? Trên số nội dung kiến thức tiếng Anh mà tơi muốn chia sẻ tới quý thầy cô e học sinh, hy vọng viết có ích công tác giảng dạy thầy cô giúp e học sinh học tiếng Anh hiệu MỘT SỐ DẠNG BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH EXERCISE 1: Use the correct form of verbs in brackets In all the world, there (be) only 14 mountains that (reach) above 8,000 meters He sometimes (come) to see his parents When I (come) , she (leave) for Dalat ten minutes ago My grandfather never (fly) in an airplane, and he has no intention of ever doing so We just (decide) that we (undertake) the job He told me that he (take) a trip to California the following week I knew that this road (be) too narrow Right now I (attend) class Yesterday at this time I (attend) class Tomorrow I’m going to leave for home When I (arrive) at the airport, Mary (wait) for me 10 Margaret was born in 1950 By the year 2005, she (live) on this earth for 55 years 13 11 The traffic was very heavy By the time I (get) to Mary’s party, everyone already (arrive) 12 I will graduate in June I (see) you in July By the time I (see) you, I (graduate) 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 I (visit) my uncle’s home many times when I (be) a child That book (lie) on the table for week You (not read) it yet? David (wash) his hands He just (repair) the TV set You (be) here before? Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year We never (meet) him We don’t know what he (look) like The car (be) ready for him by the time he (come) tomorrow On arriving at home I (find) that she just (leave) a few minutes before When we (arrive) in London tonight, it probably (rain) It (rain) hard We can’t anything until it (stop) Last night we (watch) TV when the power (fail) That evening we (stay) up to talk about the town where he (live) for some years I (sit) down for a rest while the shoes (repair) Half way to the office Paul (turn) round and (go) back home because he (forget) to turn the gas off London (change) a lot since we first (come) to live here While we (talk) on the phone the children (start) fighting and (break) a window He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) in his life You know she (stand) looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes I (spend) a lot of time travelling since I (get) this new job When I (be) at school we all (study) Latin When I (meet) him, he (work) as a waiter for a year or so After he (finish) breakfast he (sit) down to write some letters She (have) a hard life, but she’s always smiling I think Jim (be) out of town EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D When I last saw him, he _ in London A has lived B is living C was living D has been living We _ Dorothy since last Saturday A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen The train half an hour ago A has been leaving B left C has left D had left Jack the door A has just painted B paint C will have painted D painting My sister for you since yesterday A is looking B was looking C has been looking D looked I Texas State University now A am attending B attend C was attending D attended He has been selling motorbikes A ten years ago B since ten years C for ten years ago D for ten years Christopher Columbus _ American more than 500 years ago A discovered B has discovered C had discovered D had been discovering He fell down when he towards the church A run B runs C was running D had run 10 We _ there when our father died A still lived B lived still C was still lived D were still living 11 They table tennis when their father comes back home 14 A will play B will be playing C play D would play 12 By Christmas, I _ for Mr Smith for six years A shall have been working B shall work C have been working D shall be working 13 I _ in the room right now A am being B was being C have been being D am 14 I to New York three times this year A have been B was C were D had been 15 I’ll come and see you before I _ for the States A leave B will leave C have left D shall leave 16 The little girl asked what _ to her friend A has happened B happened C had happened D would have been happened 17 John a book when I saw him A is reading B read C was reading D reading 18 He said he _ return later A will B would C can D would be 19 Jack the door A has just opened B open C will have opened D opening 20 I have been waiting for you A since early morning B since 9a.m C for two hours D All are correct 21 Almost everyone _ for home by the time we arrived A leave B left C leaves D had left 22 By the age of 25, he two famous novels A wrote B writes C has written D had written 23 While her husband was in the army, Mary to him twice a week A was reading B wrote C was written D had written 24 I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower a few days previously A broke down B has been broken C had broken down D breaks down 24 I have never played badminton before This is the first time I _ to play A try B tried C have tried D am trying 25 Since _, I have heard nothing from him A he had left B he left C he has left D he was left 26 After I _ lunch, I looked for my bag A had B had had C have has D have had 27 By the end of next year, George _ English for two years A will have learned B will learn C has learned D would learn 28 The man got out of the car, round to the back and opened the book A walking B walked C walks D walk 29 Henry _ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner A was going B went C has gone D did go 30 He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he dinner A finish B finishes C will finish D finishing 31 I shall be glad when he _ A had gone B did go C went D has gone 32 Ask her to come and see me when she _ her work A finish B has finished C finished D finishing 33 Turn off the gas Don’t you see the kettle ? A boil B boils C is boiling D boiled 34 Tom and Mary for Vietnam tomorrow A leave B are leaving C leaving D are left 35 He always for a walk in the evening A go B is going C goes D going 15 36 Her brother in Canada at present A working B works C is working D work 37 I to the same barber since last year A am going B have been going C go D had gone 38 Her father when she was a small girl A dies B died C has died D had died 39 Last week, my professor promised that he today A would come B will come C comes D coming 40 Pasteur in the 19th century A was living B lived C had lived D has lived EXERCISE Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting After Mrs Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner A B C D Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down A B C D Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it A B C D Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one A B C D Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal A B C D When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I just delete it all A B C D They are going to have to leave soon and so we A B C D The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise A B C D The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it A B C D 10 Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years A B C D 11 I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer A B C D 12 When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently A B C D 13 I think it’s time you must change your way of living A B C D 14 Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there A B C D 15 When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years A B C D 16 The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant A B C D 17 Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now A B C D 18 Some people are believing there is life on other planets A B C D 19 Recently, the island of Hawaii had been the subject of intensive research on the occurrence of earthquakes A B C D 20 Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up 16 A B C D 21 The man died as a result of falling asleep while he drives A B C D 22 I haven’t finished the report yet, but by the time you return I will certainly complete it A B C D 23 Caroline has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it A B C D 24 We’ll be cycled to Hoa’s village at this time next Sunday A B C D 25 What will you when your friends won’t come? A B C D 26 Some was knocking at the door when I was doing the washing up A B C D 27 My friend didn’t drink any beer since we came to live here A B C D 28 We have written to each other when we were in primary school A B C D 29 After breakfast, I‘m gone to walk to school with my friends A B C D 30 Will we go to the pop concert this weekend for a change? A B C D EXERCISE Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one Eight years ago we started writing to each other A We have rarely written to each other for eight years B Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other C We wrote to each other eight years ago D We have been writing to each other for eight years The boy was so lazy that he couldn’t stay up late to learn his lessons A The boy was lazy enough not to stay up late to learn his lessons B The boy was too lazy to stay up late to learn his lessons C The boy was lazy enough but he stayed up late to learn his lessons D The boy was lazy enough to stay up late to learn his lessons My father is tired of seeing any violent films A My father hasn’t seen a violent film B My father has enjoyed all the violent films he has ever seen C My father is worried about missing the next violent film D My father never wants to see another violent film As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away A He saw her turn away and he waved his hand B No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away C She turned away because he waved his hand too early D Although she turned away, he waved his hand John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card A John regrets not to send Mary a Christmas card B John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card C John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card D John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month A It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes B It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes C It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes 17 D It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid A The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work B Having their work finished, the workers expected to be paid C Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work D Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid Mr Brown bought this car five years ago A Mr Brown started to buy this car five years ago B It has been five years when Mr Brown bought this car C Mr Brown has had this car for five years D It is five years ago since Mr Brown bought this car I might go camping My friends have invited me A My friends have invited me to go camping B My friends have invited me go camping C My friends have invited me going camping D My friends have invited me that I might go camping 10 I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years A It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much B It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much C It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much D It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much 11 Have you heard the good news? A Carol in March had a baby B In March, Carol had a baby C Carol had in March a baby D In March, had Carol a baby 12 Although the driver slammed on his brakes, A he was able to avoid hitting the small dog B the small dog was not hit by the car C he could run over the small dog D he couldn’t avoid hitting the small dog 13 John used to write home once a week when he was abroad A John doesn’t now write home once a week any longer B John enjoyed writing home every week when he was abroad C John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad D When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week 14 This is my tenth year working in this bank A By the end of this year, I will work in this bank for ten years B I have worked in this bank for ten years by the end of this year C By the end of this year, I will have worked in this bank for ten years D I had been working in this bank for ten years by the end of this year 15 The famous actor was last seen in 2000 A The famous actor has not been able to see since 2000 B No one has seen the famous actor since 2000 C The famous actor didn’t see anyone in 2000 D No one saw the famous actor until 2000 16 I came to live here three months ago A It was three months since I lived here B I’ve been living here for three months C I lived here for three months D I didn’t live here for three months 17 She is sitting in a hotel room Through the window, she sees a fat man A She looks through the window and sees the fat man 18 B She and the fat man are in a hotel room C The fat man wants to open the window and come in D The fat man is looking in through the window 18 She goes to the shops every Friday A She goes every day to the shop but not on Friday B It’s not Friday, but she’s going to the shops C She always goes to the shops on Friday D She never goes to the shops on Friday 19 Michael took a deep breath and dived into the water A After Michael had taken a deep breath, he dived into the water B Having taken a deep breath, he dived into the water C After Michael took a deep breath, he had dived into the water D A & B are correct 20 We started working here three years ago A We worked here for three years B We have no longer worked here for three years C We have worked here for three years D We will work here in three years 21 It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema A We have been to the cinema for a long time B We haven’t been to the cinema for a long time C We don’t go to the cinema as we used to D We wish we went to the cinema now 22 I haven’t finished this book yet A I’m still reading this book B I have read this book before C The book I’m reading hasn’t finished D I will read this book some day 23 He used to jog every morning A He enjoys jogging every morning B He never fails to jog every morning C He doesn’t now jog every morning D He intended to jog every morning 24 I have never felt happier than I now A I felt happier before B I feel happy now C I have never felt happy D I have always felt happy 25 He last had his eyes tested ten months ago A He hasn’t had his eyes tested for ten months B He had not tested his eyes for ten months then C He had tested his eyes ten months before D He didn’t have any test on his eyes in ten months 26 Someone knocked on the door during my lunchtime A I had lunch when someone knocked on the door B When I had had lunch, someone knocked on the door C I was having lunch when someone was knocking on the door D I was having lunch when someone knocked on the door 27 Steve left before my arrival A When I arrived, Steve had already left B Steve left as soon as I arrived C While Steve was leaving I arrived D Steve hadn’t left until I arrived 19 28 I haven’t been here before A Being here is a pleasant experience B This is the first time I have been here C I have wished to be here for long D Before long I will be here 29 The last time I saw Rose was three years ago A I hasn’t seen Rose for three years B I haven’t seen Rose three years ago C I haven’t seen Rose since three years D I haven’t seen Rose for three years 30 When we arrived, the children were playing “Hide and Seek” A The children played “Hide and Seek” and then we arrived B While the children were playing “Hide and Seek”, we arrived C We arrived at the same time the children played “Hide and Seek” D We didn’t arrive until the children played “Hide and Seek” ĐÁP ÁN: EXERCISE 1: Use the correct form of verbs in brackets are - reach comes came - had left has never flown have just decided -would undertake would take was am attending - was attending arrive -will be waiting 10 had lived 11 got- had already arrived 12 will see - see - will have graduated 13 visited -was 14 has been lying- haven’t you read 15 is washing - has just repaired 16 have you been - spent 17 have never met - looks 18 will have been- comes 19 found – had just left 20 arrive – will probably be raining 21 is raining - stops 22 were watching - failed 23 stayed – had lived 24 sat – were being repaired 25 turned – went – had forgotten 26 has changed - came 27 were talking – started - broke 28 had done 29 has been standing 30 have spent - got 31 were - studied 32 met – had been working 33 had finished - sat 34 has 20 35 has been EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D C B B A C A D A C 10 A 11 B 12 A 13 D 14 A 15 A 16 C 17 C 18 B 19 A 20 D 21 D 22 D 23 B 24 C 25 B 26 B 27 A 28 B 29 B 30 B 31 D 32 B 33 C 34 B 35 C 36 C 37 B 38 B 39 A 40 B EXERCISE Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting D 11 A 21 D C 12 C 22 D D 13 B 23 B C 14 D 24 A B 15 A 25 D D 16 C 26 A C 17 C 27 A A 18 B 28 C C 19 B 29 B 10 D 20 C 30 A EXERCISE Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one D 11 B 21 B B 12 D 22 A D 13 A 23 C B 14 C 24 B D 15 B 25 A A 16 B 26 D A 17 A 27 A C 18 C 28 B A 19 D 29 D 10 A 20 C 30 B PHẦN KẾT LUẬN Trong trình giảng dạy tiếng anh khối 12 năm học vừa qua , giới thiệu cho em học sinh kiến thức “12 Thì” tiếng Anh Tùy khả học sinh mà tơi đưa dạng hay dạng đặc biệt để học sinh vận dụng làm từ đơn giản đến nâng cao linh hoạt phân tích đề dạng tự luận dạng tập trắc nghiệm 21 Sau kỳ thử nghiệm lớp 12A2, 12A3, 12A4 phụ trách môn Anh văn, kỳ thi cuối kỳ Sở Giáo Dục – Đào Tạo Vĩnh Phúc tổ chức, kết đạt khả quan, 60% em làm tôt phần tập thì, 30% đạt mức trung bình, 10% chưa đạt cịn lười học ý thức kém.Theo tơi nghĩ thực chất trình dạy học trình tự điều chỉnh liên tục thường xuyên để ngày có tiết dạy tốt hơn, hiệu hơn, khơng có điểm dừng mà có thực tế giảng dạy kiểm nghiệm phương pháp chuẩn xác giáo dục Qua nhiều năm áp dụng hình thức thi trắc nghiệm kỳ thi tốt nghiệp đại học, tơi thấy việc hệ thống hóa kiến thức từ dạng đến dạng đặc biệt giúp học sinh nhiều việc học tập ôn luyện Việc vận dụng tập từ đơn giản đến phức tạp từ dạng tự luận sang trắc nghiệm giúp học sinh tập cách phân tích chọn phương án tối ưu để làm tập trắc nghiệm Đồng thời với nhiều dạng tập khác phần giúp học sinh vận dụng tốt kiến thức học phần lý thuyết học sinh tự tin gặp dạng tập liên quan đến 12 tiếng Anh Đề xuất: Là giáo viên giảng dạy chưa lâu, kinh nghiệm chưa nhiều nên tơi biết vấn đề đưa cịn nhiều hạn chế Tơi mong nhận tham gia xây dựng, đóng góp ý kiến thầy cô, đồng nghiệp để vấn đề đưa để viết tơi hồn thiện hơn, có hiệu q trình giảng dạy Xin chân thành cảm ơn! BÀI TẬP ỨNG DỤNG EXERCISE 1: PUT THE VERB INTO THE CORRECT FROM 22 She (go) to school everyday Bad students never (work) hard It often (rain) in Summer It (rain) now The teacher always (point) at the blackboard when he (want) to explain something Mother (cook) some food in the kitchen at present, she always (cook) in the morning I always ( meet) him on the corner of this street What you (do) ? – I (do) my homework Where you (go) now? – I (go) to the theatre What you (read) when you are on holiday? – I (read) novels Now I (read) “The Iron Heel” by Jack London 10 He (do) his morning exercises regularly? –Yes, he (do) He (do) his morning exercises in the playground now 11 I (think) that I (know) how he is a great nuisance He (cry) all the time 12 You (understand) the use of the present continuous tense quite well now? - I (do) to use it now EXERCISE : PUT THE VERB IN THE BRACKET INTO THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE I ………………………….(eat) my breakfast in the kitchen every day These boys often ……………….………(play) football at weekends It …………………… (rain) in the winter She ……………………………….(go) to school three days a week My little boy often …………… …………(watch) cartoon film She ………………………… (study) English very well My father often ……………………………(play) tennis in the morning Ann ……………………………… (speak) German very well Mr Winston ( go ) to the dentist every six months 10 The boys ( study ) their lessons every afternoon 11 She often ( get ) up early 12 Peter ( want ) ( read ) books after dinner 13 What time you ( get ) up this morning? 14 My father ( watch ) every football match on TV He ( like ) football very much 15 David ( come ) from America 16 My mother always ( go ) to work by bicycle 17 We ( visit ) our grandparents once a year 18 They have a car but they ( not /use ) very often 19 We seldom (eat) before 6:30 20 The Sun (set) in the West 21 It (be) often hot in summer 22 My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market 23 It (be) very cold now 24 It (rain) much in summer It (rain) now 25 The Earth (circle) the Sun once every 365 days 26 Rivers usually (flow) to the sea 27 Mrs Green always (go) to work by bus 28 That house (belong) to Mr Green 23 EXERCISE 3: GIVE THE CORRECT VERB TENSE Be quiet ! The pupils ( learn ) Look ! The boy ( run ) to catch the bus Where's Linda ? -She ( ) shopping at the moment The Browns ( go ) to the cinema now Where you ( put ) this new bookcase? Listen ! They ( sing ) an English song She (cook) some food in the kitchen at the moment She always (cook) in the morning Listen ! Someone (knock ) the door What you ( ) this evening? 10 Peter ( go ) on holiday next month 11 Be quiet! The baby (sleep) 12 Look! A man (run) after the train He (want) to catch it 13 I (do) an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) that I (know) how to use it now 14 Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present She always (cook) in the morning 15 Listen! I (think) someone (knock) at the door 16 Do you know that man, who (smoke) there? 17 The farmers (work) in the field at the moment EXERCISE 4: GIVE THE CORRECT VERB TENSE (SIMPLE PAST or PRESENT PARTICIPLE) A: (you / play / already) the new computer game? B: No, not yet I only (buy) it yesterday and I (have / not) the time yet A: (you / go) to the cinema last night? B: Yes I (be) there with Sue and Louis (you / be) to the cinema recently? A: I last (go) to the cinema two weeks ago B: So you (see / not) the new action film yet A: No, unfortunately not (you / enjoy) it? B: Oh, I really (love) it But Sue (like / not) it - too much action! A: But why (you / take) her with you? She (tell) me last week that she (hate) action films 10 B: I think she has an eye on Louis She (try) to flirt with him all the time So he (can / concentrate / not) on the film EXERCISE 5: GIVE THE CORRECT VERB TENSE (SIMPLE PAST or PRESENT PARTICIPLE) I (just / finish) my homework Mary (already / write) five letters Tom (move) to this town in 1994 My friend (be) in Canada two years ago 24 I (not / be) to Canada so far But I (already / travel) to London a couple of times Last week, Mary and Paul (go) to the cinema I can't take any pictures because I (not / buy a new film yet (they / spend) their holiday in New Zealand last summer? 10 (you / ever / see) a whale? EXERCISE 6: GIVE THE RIGHT FORM OF THE VERBS IN BRACKETS: SIMPLE PAST OR PRESENT PERFECT We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far We (watch, never) that television program We (watch) an interesting program on television last night My wife and I (travel) by air many times in the past My wife and I (travel) to Mexico by air last summer I (read) that novel by Hemingway several times before I (read) that novel again during my last vacation I (have) a little trouble with my car lat week 10 However, I (have ) no trouble with my car since then MULTIPLE CHOICE: I this film twice A see B saw C will see D have seen After her performance, she invited the audience to ask questions A she finishes B finished C finishing D she will finish His father of cancer last year A will die B has died C died D had died The train when we got to the station A just left B just leaves C has just left D had just left As soon as Martina saw the fire, she the fire department A was telephoning B telephoned C had telephoned D has telephoned Before Jennifer won the lottery, she any kind of contest A hasn’t entered B doesn’t enter C wasn’t entering D hadn’t entered Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he homesick A will have left B felt C feels D is feeling Since I left Venezuela six years ago, I to visit friends and family several times A return B will have returned C am returning D have returned Yesterday while I was attending a sales meeting, Mathew on the company annual report A was working B had been working C has worked D works 10 When my parents for a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby for the first time A will arrive B arrived C arrive D will have arrived 11 The last time I in Athens, the weather was hot and humid A had been B was C am D will have been 12 After the race , the celebration began A had been won B is won C will be won D has been won 13 Andy out of the restaurant when he Jenny A came/saw B is coming /saw C came/was seeing D was coming/had seen 25 14 While he was washing his car, Mr Brown a small dint in the rear fender A has discovered B was discovering C is discovering D discovered 15 Linda has lost her passport again It’s the second time this A has happened B happens C happened D had happened 16 At this time tomorrow, we our final exam A will have taking B will be taken C would take D will be taking 17 The baby Don’t make so much noise A sleep B sleeps C is sleeping D slept 18 Peter said he a test the following day A had had B will have C has had D would have 19 It is not so hot today as it yesterday A is B was C would be D had been 20 a party next Saturday We have sent out the invitation A we had B we have C we’ll have D we have had 21 I’m very tired over four hundred miles to day A I drive B I’ve driven C I’m driving D I’ve been driving 22 I’m busy at the moment on the computer A I work B I’m worked C I’m working D I worked 23 Our friends meet us at the airport tonight A are B are going to C go to D will be to 24 I will tell Anna all the news when her A I’ll see B I’m going to see C I see D I’m seeing 25 Don’t worry, I here to help you A be B will be C am going to be D won’t be 26 When I entered the room, everyone A has been dancing B was dancing C had danced D danced 27 Before the invention of the steamboat there no way to cross the ocean A has been B could have been C had been D would be 28 He said that he his homework since o’clock A had done B did C has done D was doing 29 Tom said everything ready when the match A will be/starts B would be/started C is/started D will be/started 30 How long able to drive? - Since 1990 A could you B have you been C were you D are you WRITING: Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences with the closest meaning: We last went to London two years ago  We  It’s  The last time This is the first time I have visited Hanoi  I -3 I began learning English five years ago  I have -4 I last saw her in 2010 26  -5 I haven’t eaten this kind of food before  I started working for this company a year ago  -7 I last read that book on November 20th  I have never eaten with knives and folks before -9 It is 10 years since I last visited Dalat  -10 She hasn’t phoned home for two weeks  -11 Mr Brown bought this car five years ago  -12 I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years  -13 We started working here three years ago  -14 It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema  -15 I haven’t finished this book yet  -16 He last had his eyes tested ten months ago  -Exercise 2: 1) This is the first time he went abroad  He hasn't 2) She started driving month ago  She has 3) We began eating when it started to rain  We have 4) I last had my hair cut when I left her  I haven't 5) The last time she kissed me was months ago  She hasn't 6) It is a long time since we last met  We haven't 7) When did you have it ?  How long ? 8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal  I haven't 9) I haven't seen him for days  The last 10) I haven't taken a bath since Monday  It is 27 ...- Dựa vào số tài liệu tham khảo “ Thì ” - Dựa vào số ý kiến đồng nghiệp PHẦN NỘI DUNG I.TỔNG HỢP CÁC THÌ TRONG TIẾNG ANH Ngữ pháp tảng quan trọng học tiếng Anh, nói với bạn giao tiếp mà khơng... lầm Tiếng Anh nói mà khơng chuẩn ngữ pháp tiếng Anh “bồi” để nói chuyện với bạn bè, người thân Muốn học tiếng Anh giỏi, lấy chứng quốc tế hay để làm tốt đề thi bạn phải nắm ngữ pháp, 12 tiếng Anh. .. biết thì: Như phần trình bày, tiếng Anh có cấu trúc riêng, cấu trúc có từ, cụm từ thời gian từ mức độ thường xuyên thực hành động Vì vậy, có thêm cách học tiếng Anh dựa vào từ để nhận biết Thì tiếng