VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES *** NGUYỄN VÂN KHÁNH POLITENESS PHENOMENA IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE THROUGH USING IMPERATIVE MOOD WITHIN THANG LONG UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (HIỆN TƯỢNG LỊCH SỰ TRONG TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT THÔNG QUA VIỆC SỬ DỤNG MỆNH LỆNH THỨC TRONG MÔI TRƯỜNG GIÁO DỤC Ở ĐẠI HỌC THĂNG LONG) MASTER THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH LINGUISTICS CODE: 602215 HANOI, 2010 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES *** NGUYỄN VÂN KHÁNH POLITENESS PHENOMENA IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE THROUGH USING IMPERATIVE MOOD WITHIN THANG LONG UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (HIỆN TƯỢNG LỊCH SỰ TRONG TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT THÔNG QUA VIỆC SỬ DỤNG MỆNH LỆNH THỨC TRONG MÔI TRƯỜNG GIÁO DỤC Ở ĐẠI HỌC THĂNG LONG) MASTER THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH LINGUISTICS CODE: 602215 SUPERVISOR: Assoc Prof Dr NGUYỄN VĂN ĐỘ HANOI, 2010 v TABLE Statement of authorship ……………………………………………………………… Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………… Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………… List of graphs and tables ……………………………………………………………… PART A INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………… Rationale of the study ………… Aims of the study …………… Scope of the study ………………………………………………………… Structure of the study ……………………………………………………… PART B DEVELOPMENT …………………………………………………… Chapter one: Theoretical background ………………………………………… 1.1 The Imperative Mood 1.1.1 Definition of 1.1.2 The Imperati 1.1 The Imperat 1.2 Politeness phenomena 2.1 Definition of politeness …………………………………………… 12 1.2.1.1 Face and face work ……………………………………… 12 1.2.1.2 Politeness ……………………………………………… 13 1.2.1.3 Social variables affecting politeness …………………… 14 2 Imperative Mood and Politeness shown when making a request in English and in Vietnamese ……………………………………………………………… 14 1.2.2.1 Making a request ……………………………………… 14 1.2.2.2 Imperative Mood and Politeness shown when making a request in English ………………………………………………………………………………… 15 vi 1.2.2.3 Imperative Mood and Politeness shown when making a request in Vietnamese …………………………………………………………………………… 16 Chapter two: A study of how Imperative Mood is practiced within Thang Long University Educational Environment 2.1 Thang Long University 2.2 Research questions …… 2.3 Research methods …… 2.4 Research design ……… 2.4.1 Data collection 2.4.2 Contents of the 2.4.3 Participants … 2.4.4 Procedure …… 2.5 Results of the MPQ … 2.5.1 Results of the 2.5.2 Results of the 2.6 Results of the DCT …… 2.6.1 English native 2.6.2 Conclusion … 2.7 Data analysis ………… Chapter three: Findings and discussions …………………………………… 3.1 Overall findings and discussions of using Imperative Mood when making polite requests of English native speakers …………………………………………… 38 3.2 Overall findings and discussions of using Imperative Mood when making polite requests of Vietnamese native speakers ……………………………………… 39 3.3 Comparison of using linguistic structures to make requests between English and Vietnamese native speakers ………………………………………… …………… 40 PART C CONCLUSIONS vii General conclusion ………………………………………………………… 42 Limitation …………………………………………………………………… 43 Recommendations for further research …………………………………… 44 Implications………………………………………… ……………………… 44 REFERENCES………………………………………… ……………………………… 46 APPENDIX A: METAPRAGMATIC QUESTIONNAIRE (MPQ) …………………… I APPENDIX B: DISCOURSE COMPLETION TASK (DCT) ………………………… X ... making a request in Vietnamese …………………………………………………………………………… 16 Chapter two: A study of how Imperative Mood is practiced within Thang Long University Educational Environment 2.1 Thang Long University. .. NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES *** NGUYỄN VÂN KHÁNH POLITENESS PHENOMENA IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE THROUGH USING IMPERATIVE. .. 12 1.2.1.2 Politeness ……………………………………………… 13 1.2.1.3 Social variables affecting politeness …………………… 14 2 Imperative Mood and Politeness shown when making a request in English and in Vietnamese