Conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in english and vietnamese internet newspapers

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY BÙI THỊ PHƯỢNG CONCEPTUAL METARPHORS USING PLANTS AS SOURCE DOMAIN IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE INTERNET NEWSPAPERS (ẨN DỤ Ý NIỆM SỬ DỤNG THỰC VẬT NHƯ LÀ MIỀN NGUỒN TRÊN CÁC BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Hanoi, 2018 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY BÙI THỊ PHƯỢNG CONCEPTUAL METARPHORS USING PLANTS AS SOURCE DOMAIN IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE INTERNET NEWSPAPERS (ẨN DỤ Ý NIỆM SỬ DỤNG THỰC VẬT NHƯ LÀ MIỀN NGUỒN TRÊN CÁC BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Supervisor: Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn Hanoi, 2018 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled CONCEPTUAL METARPHORS USING PLANTS AS SOURCE DOMAIN IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE INTERNET NEWSPAPERS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2018 Bùi Thị Phượng Approved by SUPERVISOR Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn Date: …………………… i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my endless thanks and hearty gratitude to my supervisor Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn His kindly support and continuous advices went through the process of completion of my thesis His encouragement and comments had significantly enriched and improved my work Without his motivation and instructions, the thesis would have been impossible to be done effectively I am also indebted to all my lecturers at Hanoi Open University for their precious knowledge, useful lectures in linguistics, which laid the foundation for this study Next, my thanks also go to my friends, who gave me documents and encouraged me much while the work was in process Especially, I would like to express how thankful I am to my beloved families, who always stand by me and help me overcome all the difficulties in studying and completing this thesis Last but not least, I personally wish to thank all my readers for their attention, and I would highly appreciate any comments to my study ii ABSTRACT Among the many issues of research within the perspective of cognitive linguistics, metaphor has been considered as a specific mental mapping that provides a foundation for human thought and conceptualization In the study, the author has chosen Lakoff and Johnson‟s Conceptual Metaphor Theory as the analytical framework, tried to find out the conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in English and Vietnamese internet newspapers and locate whether there are any similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese in terms of conceptual metaphor usage It aims to help the reader have a deeper sight into theoretical knowledge on metaphors and enhance the effectiveness of teaching, learning and understanding conceptual metaphors in English and Vietnamese Within the limitation of this study, the researcher expects that the two languages which express the conceptual metaphors involved will reveal some different features of the two cultures iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Statement of authorship i Acknowledgements Abstract Table of contents ii iii iv Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the study 1 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 2 1.4 Methods of the study 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Organization of the study Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 3 4 2.1 Previous studies 2.2 Theoretical background 2.2.1 Cognitive linguistics 2.2.2 Cognitive semantics 2.1.2.2.1 Definition of cognitive semantics 2.1.2.2.2 Main tenets of cognitive semantics 2.2.3 Conceptual metaphor Theory 2.2.3.1 Metaphor 2.2.3.1.1 Traditional view on metaphor 2.2.3.1.2 Metaphor in the light of cognitive linguistics 2.2.3.2 Conceptual metaphor 2.2.3.3 Classification of conceptual metaphor 2.2.3.3.1 Structural metaphor 2.2.3.3.2 Ontological Metaphor 2.2.3.3.3 Orientational Conceptual Metaphor 2.2.3.4 Metaphorical mapping 2.2.3.4.1 Mapping principles 2.2.3.4.2 Image schema iv 8 9 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 16 2.2.3.5 Source domain and target domain 16 Chapter 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19 3.1 Data 19 3.2 Instruments 3.3 Procedures 3.4 Statistical analysis 19 19 20 3.5 Analytical framework Chapter 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in English 20 24 24 internet newspapers 4.1.1 Economy is a plant 24 4.1.1.1 Stages of economy are stages of plant growth 4.1.1.2 The abstract development of the economy is the growth of the plant 4.1.2 Emotion is a plant 4.1.2.1 Love is a plant 4.1.2.2 Happiness is a plant 4.1.2.3 Sadness is a plant 24 27 29 29 30 31 4.1.2.4 Anger is a plant 4.1.2.5 Fear is a plant 4.1.3 Human being is a plant 4.1.3.1 Human being is a part of the plant 4.1.3.2 Human beings‟ development is the plant‟s growth 4.1.3.3 Disposing of unwanted human beings is weeding 4.1.3.4 Losing physical strength is freshness of a plant 4.1.3.5 Human beings‟ activities are common activities in agriculture 4.1.3.6 Human being is a specific plant 32 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 37 4.1.4 Social organization is a plant 4.1.4.1 The entire organization is the whole plant 4.1.4.2 A part of the organization is a part of the plant 4.1.4.3 The development of the organization is the growth of the plant 4.1.4.4 Reducing the organization is removing a part of the plant 4.1.4.5 The origin of the organization is the root of the plant 4.1.4.6 The best stage, the most successful stage is the flowering 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 v 4.1.4.7 The beneficial consequences is the fruit of crops 4.1.5 Idea is a plant 40 40 4.1.5.1 The origin of an idea is the parts of plants 40 4.1.5.2 A new idea is a bud 4.1.5.3 Different ideas of a topic are branches 4.1.5.4 The success of an idea is the fruit 41 42 42 4.1.5.5 Getting rid of problems is destroying plants 4.1.5.6 Conveying ideas is sowing /planting 4.1.5.7 The failure of ideas is the death of plants 42 43 43 4.2 Conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in Vietnamese internet newspapers 4.2.1 Economy is a plant 4.2.1.1 Stages of economy are stages of plant growth 4.2.1.2 The abstract development of the economy is the growth of the plant 4.2.2 Emotion is plant 4.2.2.1 Love is a plant 4.2.2.2 Happiness is a plant 44 44 44 46 48 48 49 4.2.2.3 Sadness is a plant 4.2.2.4 Anger is a plant 4.2.2.5 Fear is a plant 4.2.3 Human being is a plant 4.2.3.1 Human being is a part of the plant 4.2.3.2 Human beings‟ development is the plant‟s growth 4.2.3.3 Disposing of unwanted human beings is weeding 4.2.3.4 Losing physical strength is freshness of a plant 4.2.3.5 Human beings‟ activities are common activities in agriculture 50 50 50 51 51 53 53 53 54 4.2.3.6 Human being is a specific plant 4.2.4 Social organization is a plant 4.2.4.1 The entire organization is the whole plant 4.2.4.2 A part of the organization is a part of the plant 4.2.4.3 The development of the organization is the growth of the plant 4.2.4.4 Reducing the organization is removing a part of the plant 4.2.4.5 The origin of the organization is the root of the plant 54 55 55 55 56 56 56 vi 4.2.4.6 The best stage, the most successful stage is the flowering 4.2.5 Idea is a plant 56 57 4.2.5.1 The origin of an idea is the parts of plants 57 4.2.5.2 A new idea is a bud 4.2.5.3 Different ideas of a topic are branches 4.2.5.4 The success of an idea is the fruit 57 57 58 4.2.5.6 Getting rid of problems is destroying plants 58 4.2.5.7 Conveying ideas is sowing /planting 58 4.3 Similarities and differences between conceptual metaphors using plants as 58 source domain in English and Vietnamese internet newspapers 4.3.1 Similarities 4.3.2 Differences Chapter 5: CONCLUSION 5.1 Concluding remarks 5.2 Implications 5.2.1 Implications for teachers 58 60 63 63 64 64 5.2.2 Implications for learners 5.2.3 Implications for translators 65 66 5.3 Recommendations for further study REFERENCES APPENDICES APPENDIX I APPENDIX II vii 66 67 I I XX Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale of the study Although newspapers have the longest history, they are still the most popular and convenient means of communication Newspapers have been improved and developed in both quality and quantity to satisfy the requirements of the readers now Journalists often take the skills of language use into consideration Metaphor is one of the most popular devices causing difficulties Using metaphor in newspapers satisfies readers‟ curiosity and excitement but sometimes causes many difficulties for us to understand Study of metaphor has been traditionally associated with the study of literature; the use of metaphor is not restricted to this kind of language Metaphor exists as a common fact in most of the languages in the world In the field of cognitive linguistics, it has been widely accepted that our thought processes are highly metaphorical In other words, metaphor constitutes and constructs human thoughts In this field of study, cognitive linguists argue that meaning construction is derived from embodied experience which is organized in terms of image schemas, or experiential gestalts It is believed that the work conducted by Lakoff and Johnson (1980, 2003) is a pioneer work in this field In their work, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, they argue that metaphor is the cross domain mapping between the source domains and the target domains Moreover, there is a systematic network of metaphors that human beings utilize to construct their thoughts With this definition, metaphor is seen as a key to discover the foundation of thinking and the perception of spiritual symbols about the world The grounding of metaphors is our basic experiences and one of the most fundamental human experiences is that of agriculture, especially about plants Although this is an interesting topic, it has not been paid much attention For a long time, plants have become a cultural symbol of human beings with many meanings When used in languages, plants are reformed and reorganized in the relation with many factors of a special communication process as a creative activity which creates a unique metaphor In English and Vietnamese newspaper texts, a variety of metaphors are motivated by this experience For this reason, I decide to make some exploration into this profound and fascinating topic entitled “Conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in English and Vietnamese internet newspapers” The aim of the thesis is to apply the theory in cognitive linguistics to discover the 123 Coleman, A (2018) “„Why I left the law to teach – and became headteacher in just six years‟ ” Telegraph https://www.telegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/get-into- teaching/swapping-law-career-to-become-a-teacher/ 124 Beckford, M (2011) “Bad nurses must be rooted out, urges Royal College president” 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https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/phap-luat/ky-su/trai-long-cua-dan-ba-di-danh-ghen2361284.html 42 Giả Hiếu (2012) “Sống chung với mẹ chồng” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/sach/lang-van/song-chung-voi-me-chong-492382405.html 43 Trí Tín (2015) “Một tạ muối Sa Huỳnh không đổi tô phở” Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/hang-hoa/mot-ta-muoi-sa-huynhkhong-doi-duoc-to-pho3235282.html?commentid=12141718&focus=reply 44 Hiền Nguyễn (2010) “Cái Tết mèo con” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/sach/lang-van/cai-tet-dau-tien-cua-meocon-2137637.html 45 “Trần Ngoan (2018) “Bí kíp giúp bạn sống lạc quan để vượt qua ung thư” Vnexpress https://suckhoe.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/cac-benh/ung-thu/bi-kip-giup-bansong-lac-quan-de-vuot-qua-ung-thu-3677413.html 46 Thạch Lam (2013) “Bệnh cuồng xe SH khiến nhiều người Việt chuốc đắng” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/cong-dong/benh-cuong-xe-sh-khien-nhieunguoi-viet-chuoc-qua-dang-2907703.html 47 Dung, P (2015) “Cách kiềm chế tức giận” Vnexpress https://doisong.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/to-am/cach-kiem-che-su-tuc-gian3788034.html 48 Hà Thu (2018) “Uzbekistan - kinh tế độc muốn tìm lại hào quang” XL https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/quoc-te/uzbekistan-nen-kinh-te-codoc-muon-tim-lai-hao-quang-3703955.html 49 Thanh, T (2012) “Thường xuyên giận giúp sống thọ” Vnexpress https://suckhoe.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/suc-khoe/thuong-xuyen-noi-giangiup-song-tho-2408366.html 50 Hải Duyên (2014) “Đầu độc nhà hàng xóm thuốc sâu” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/phap-luat/dau-doc-ca-nha-hang-xom-bang-thuoc-sau2956499.html 51 Vnexpress “5 giả thiết động kẻ xả súng Las Vegas” https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/phan-tich/5-gia-thiet-ve-dong-co-cua-ke-xasung-las-vegas-3649980.html 52 Hương Chi (2017) “Những điểm đến khiến du khách gai ốc” Vnexpress Di Vỹ (2017) “10 điểm đến tiếng cho tour tìm kiếm linh hồn” https://dulich.vnexpress.net/photo/anh-video/10-diem-den-noi-tieng-chocac-tour-tim-kiem-linh-hon-3658641.html 53 An Sơn (2018) “Hướng Dương - 'đóa hoa' vươn lên từ nghịch cảnh” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/sach/lang-van/huong-duong-doa-hoavuon-len-tu-nghich-canh-3742206.html 54 Văn Lộc (2018) “Lo bị xử phạt, nhà giáo khơng tồn tâm tồn ý với cơng việc” https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/giao-duc/lo-bi-xu-phat-nha-giao-khong-toan-tam-toany-voi-cong-viec-3822473.html 55 Phạm, T (2018) “Phản biện like” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/goc-nhin/phan-bien-bang-like-3584032.html 56 Thảo Nghi (2014) “Nụ cười Việt rạng rỡ qua ống kính nhiếp ảnh gia” https://dulich.vnexpress.net/photo/anh-video/nu-cuoi-viet-rang-ro-qua-ong-kinhnhiep-anh-gia-3086899.html 57 Như Anh (2018) “Triết lý làm nên thành công Toyota Việt Nam”.Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/doanh-nghiep/triet-ly-lam-nen-thanh-congcua-toyota-tai-viet-nam-3831226.html XLI 58 Nam Phương (2018) “Cuộc sống vui khỏe trai nữ thiếu úy ung thư” Vnexpress https://suckhoe.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/suc-khoe/cuoc-song-vui-khoe-cuacon-trai-cua-nu-thieu-uy-ung-thu-3707769.html 59 An Sơn (2018) “Hướng Dương - 'đóa hoa' vươn lên từ nghịch cảnh” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/sach/lang-van/huong-duong-doa-hoavuon-len-tu-nghich-canh-3742206.html 60 Ngọc Anh (2018) “50 học sinh vào bán kết thi 'Ươm mầm tài Y khoa'” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/giao-duc/50-hoc-sinh-vao-ban-ket-cuoc-thiuom-mam-tai-nang-y-khoa-3694561.html 61 Vinh, T N (2011) “Yêu nước theo cách quân Olympia” Vnexpress http://vnexpress.vn/vn/giao-duc/yeu-nuoc-theo-cach-cua-a-quan-olympia18373.html 62 Hồng Anh (2017) “Người đàn ơng thích chọc giận thành phố New York” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/cuoc-song-do-day/nguoi-dan-ongthich-choc-gian-ca-thanh-pho-new-york-3628035.html 63 Hoàng, V (2017) “Nguy IS hồi sinh thời Donald Trump” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/phan-tich/nguy-co-is-hoi-sinh-duoithoi-donald-trump-3537825.html 64 Lê, H (2018) “'Lưu ý vàng' sĩ tử cần nhớ trước G thi THPT Quốc gia 2018” Vnexpress https://ione.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/nhip-song/luu-y-vang-si-tu-can-nho- truoc-gio-g-thi-thpt-quoc-gia-2018-3767974.html 65 Vân Anh (2017) “Đổi ùn tắc” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/goc-nhin/doi-gio-va-un-tac-3612606.html 66 Ân, N (2018) “Phim có Marion Cotillard đóng nhận khen chê trái chiều” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/phim/diem-phim/phim-co-marion- cotillard-dong-chinh-nhan-khen-che-trai-chieu-3748958.html 67 Long, L (2018) “ Sách nêu bảy nguyên tắc ngoại giao cốt lõi Donald Trump” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/sach/diem-sach/sach-neu-bay- nguyen-tac-ngoai-giao-cot-loi-cua-donald-trump-3665869.html 68 Duy, Đ (2018) “HLV tuyển Argentina: 'Messi gánh đội World Cup'” XLII Vnexpress https://thethao.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/tin-tuc/hlv-tuyen-argentina-messi- co-the-ganh-ca-doi-o-world-cup-3726975.html 69 Vân An (2017) “'Bé' Xuân Mai - từ tài âm nhạc đến bà mẹ hai tuổi 22” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/gioi-sao/trong-nuoc/be-xuan-mai-tutai-nang-am-nhac-den-ba-me-hai-con-o-tuoi-22-3620379.html 70 Phiên An (2018) “7 điều phải dừng muốn giàu” Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/tien-cua-toi/7-dieu-phai-dung-ngay-neumuon-giau-3742717.html 71 Chi Vu (2018) “Cô giáo bắt học sinh quỳ nguyên nhân bạo lực học đường” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/cong-dong/y-kien-cua-toi/co-giao-bat-hocsinh-quy-la-nguyen-nhan-bao-luc-hoc-duong-3719762.html 72 Nhân Đạt ( 2018) “Nadal Federer hai hạt giống hàng đầu Mỹ Mở rộng” Vnexpress https://thethao.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/tennis/nadal-va-federer-la-hai-hat- giong-hang-dau-my-mo-rong-3796694.html 73 Hà Thu (2015) “13 lý bạn chưa giàu”.Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/quoc-te/13-ly-do-ban-van-chuagiau-3311819.html 74 Duy Đoàn (2017) “Chiellini: 'Guardiola khiến hậu vệ Italy lụi tàn'” Vnexpress https://thethao.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/cac-giai-khac/chiellini-guardiola-khien-hau-veitaly-lui-tan-3668588.html 75 Kim Thành (2016) “Wenger: 'Ronaldo lụi bại nghĩ cho thân'” Vnexpress https://thethao.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/la-liga/wenger-ronaldo-se-lui-bai- neu-chi-nghi-cho-ban-than-3308324.html 76 Thành, N (2018).“Âm mưu lật đổ Tổng thống bất thành tướng quân đội Venezuela” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/tu-lieu/am-muu-lat-dotong-thong-bat-thanh-cua-cac-tuong-quan-doi-venezuela-3789337.html 77 Hồng Phúc (2018) “Cái Tết không mai, đào lũ trẻ mồ côi” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/thoi-su/cai-tet-khong-mai-dao-cua-lu-tre-mocoi-3699693.html 78 Chi, B “Minh Vượng tìm thấy tình yêu” Vnexpress XLIII https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/gioi-sao/trong-nuoc/minh-vuong-da-tim-thaytinh-yeu-1891382.html 79 Duy, Đ (2016) “Iceland: Không trời ban ta tự ban” Vnexpress https://thethao.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/thi-viet/iceland-khong-duoc-troi-ban-thi-ta-tuban-3421533.html 80 Vân An (2018) “Như Quỳnh buồn thí sinh trước chung kết Bolero” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/nhac/lang-nhac/nhu-quynh-buon-vimat-sach-thi-sinh-truoc-chung-ket-bolero-3748074.html 81 Hiếu, L (2012) “Học thêm làm thui chột khả sáng tạo học sinh” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/giao-duc/hoc-them-lam-thui-chot-kha-nang-sang-taocua-hoc-sinh-3462118.html 82 Linh, T (2018) “Dàn hoa hậu, hậu khoe sắc thảm đỏ thời trang” Vnexpress https://ione.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/thoi-trang/dan-hoa-hau-a-hau-khoe-sac-tren-thamdo-thoi-trang-3771339.html 83 Thùy An (2018) “Cô sinh viên đam mê múa trở thành hoa khôi tài sắc” Vnexpress https://suckhoe.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/khoe-dep/co-sinh-vien-dam-me-mua-trothanh-hoa-khoi-tai-sac-3826872.html 84 Vĩnh San (2018) “Xavi: 'Neymar cần chín chắn để đạt tới đẳng cấp Messi'” Vnexpress https://thethao.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/la-liga/xavi-neymar-canchin-chan-hon-de-dat-toi-dang-cap-cua-messi-3826731.html 85 Minh Anh (2016) “Khoảnh khắc đáng yêu Britney Spears bên hai con” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/photo/quoc-te/khoanh-khac-dang-yeu-cua- britney-spears-ben-hai-con-3466022.html 86 Lệ Thanh (2016) “Ý tưởng độc đáo thắng Giải AYDA 2016” Vnexpress http://giaoduc.vnexpress.net/y-tuong-doc-dao-thang-giai-ayda-2016-347990.html 87 Bảo Lưu “'Phong Vân' - truyện tranh dành cho người lớn” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/gioi-sao/trong-nuoc/phong-van-truyentranh-dau-tien-danh-cho-nguoi-lon-1879407.html XLIV 88 Xuân Trang (2013) “'Đồng phục học trò giá tạ thóc thật lố bịch'” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/cong-dong/dong-phuc-hoc-tro-gia-1-ta-thoc-that-lobich-2867416.html 89 Thi Trân (2013) “10 phẩm chất phụ nữ thích đàn ơng” Vnexpress https://doisong.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/to-am/10-pham-chat-phu-nu-thich-nhat-o-danong-2741149.html 90 Lam Thu (2015) “10 sách giúp thay đổi nhận thức” Vnexpress https://giaitri.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/sach/lang-van/10-cuon-sach-giup-thay-doi-nhanthuc-3262114.html 91 Phương Hoa (2016) “Nghiên cứu đoạt Nobel Vật lý cho đời máy tính mới” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/khoa-hoc/nghien-cuu-doat-nobel-vatly-co-the-cho-ra-doi-may-tinh-moi-3485091.html 92 Mai Sơn (2018) “Lợi nhuận tăng, ngân hàng mạnh tay trả lương nhân viên” Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/ebank/ngan-hang/loi-nhuan- tang-ngan-hang-manh-tay-tra-luong-nhan-vien-3782031.html 93 Đặng Hương (2018) “Sáng kiến công khai chữ viết giúp cảnh sát Mỹ nhanh chóng tìm sát thủ” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/phap-luat/ho-so-pha-an/sang-kien-cong-khai-chu-vietgiup-canh-sat-my-nhanh-chong-tim-ra-sat-thu-3729873.html 94 Giáp, T (2018) “Loạt nước châu Phi triệu đại sứ Mỹ bình luận 'quốc gia thối nát' Trump”.Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/loat-nuoc-chau-phitrieu-dai-su-my-vi-binh-luan-quoc-gia-thoi-nat-cua-trump-3699199.html 95 Vân, P (2018) “CEO mắc bệnh ung thư: 'Tinh thần khởi nghiệp giúp tơi chiến thắng'” Vnexpress https://startup.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/hanh-trinh-khoi-nghiep/ceomac-benh-ung-thu-tinh-than-khoi-nghiep-da-giup-toi-chien-thang-3774118.html 96 Hồng, V (2017) “Nguy IS hồi sinh thời Donald Trump” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/phan-tich/nguy-co-is-hoi-sinh-duoi-thoidonald-trump-3537825.html 97 Bảo Lam (2018) “Đội hình gây thất vọng World Cup 2018” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/anh-video/doi-hinh-gay-that-vong-o-world-cup-2018- XLV 3778522.html 98 Hoàng, V (2016) “Bin Laden dự báo ngày tàn IS” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/tu-lieu/bin-laden-du-bao-ve-ngay-tan-cua-is3363035.html 99 Hà Thu (2018) “Nhân viên ngân hàng thất nghiệp robot” Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/quoc-te/nhan-vien-ngan-hang-that-nghiepvi-robot-3789065.html 100 Hồi, N (2018) “Chủ tịch VCCI: 'Doanh nghiệp tư nhân không đáng bị cô đơn'” Vnexpress.“https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/doanh-nghiep/chu-tich- vcci-doanh-nghiep-tu-nhan-khong-dang-bi-co-don-3508521.html 101 Thu Ngân (2017) “Bí tăng trưởng doanh thu gấp đơi doanh nhân 8x” Vnexpress https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/doanh-nghiep/bi-quyet-tang- truong-doanh-thu-gap-doi-cua-doanh-nhan-8x-3690274.html 102 Vnexpress “Công ty Trung Quốc gieo rắc nỗi sợ hãi cho giới” https://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/quoc-te/cong-ty-trung-quoc-gieo-rac-noi-sohai-cho-ca-the-gioi-2732918.html 103 Phương Vũ (2016) “'Ngoại giao tờ séc' Trung Quốc Biển Đông” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/phan-tich/ngoai-giao-to-sec-cua-trung-quoc-obien-dong-3441003.html 104 Kim Anh (2013) “10 kẻ thù tình yêu” Vnexpress https://doisong.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/to-am/10-ke-thu-cua-tinh-yeu-2656845.html 105 Đắc Thành (2018) “Nam sinh chế tạo máy đo nồng độ cồn cho người xe máy” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/giao-duc/nam-sinh-che-tao-may-donong-do-con-cho-nguoi-di-xe-may-3729399.html 106 Thu Nga (2017) “Tham vọng 'bá chủ giới' ôtô Trung Quốc” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/oto-xe-may/tham-vong-ba-chu-the-gioi-ve-oto-cuatrung-quoc-3643753.html XLVI 107 Phương Thảo (2017) “Mafia tổ chức xã hội đen khác nào?” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/phap-luat/tu-van/mafia-va-to-chuc-xa-hoi-denkhac-nhau-the-nao-3626670.html 108 Phan Tâm (2012) “Trách nhiệm xã hội: Khơng phù phiếm”.Vnexpress https://doanhnhansaigon.vn/chuyen-lam-an/trach-nhiem-xa-hoi-khong-con-phuphiem-1035614.html 109 Phương Vũ (2018) “Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ tuyên bố kiểm soát thành phố Syria” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/tho-nhi-ky-tuyen-bo-kiem-soat-thanh-phosyria-3724465.html 110 Hồng, A (2017) “Thế hệ 9X 'táo bạo liều lĩnh' thay đổi Triều Tiên” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/cuoc-song-do-day/the-he-9x-tao- bao-va-lieu-linh-dang-thay-doi-trieu-tien-3685835.html 111 Ngọc, A.(2018) “Chiến lược gia kỳ cựu Mỹ từ bỏ đảng Cộng hòa” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/chien-luoc-gia-ky-cuu-my-tu-bo-dang-conghoa-3766872.html 112 Vân, P (2018) “CEO mắc bệnh ung thư: 'Tinh thần khởi nghiệp giúp chiến thắng'”.Vnexpress https://startup.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/hanh-trinh-khoi-nghiep/ceomac-benh-ung-thu-tinh-than-khoi-nghiep-da-giup-toi-chien-thang-3774118.html 113 Thanh, N (2013) “Thí sinh hệ GDTX “rụng” thê thảm” Vnexpress https://giaoduc.vnexpress.net/thi-sinh-he-gdtx-rung-the-tham-25368.html 114 Hoàng, V (2017) “Nguy IS hồi sinh thời Donald Trump” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/the-gioi/phan-tich/nguy-co-is-hoi-sinh-duoi-thoidonald-trump-3537825.html 115 Trung Sơn (2018) “TP HCM điều tra nghi vấn lừa 15.000 tỷ mua tiền ảo iFan” Vnexpress.https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/phap-luat/tp-hcm-dieu-tra-nghi-van-lua-15000-ty-mua-tien-ao-ifan-3735137.html 116 Hương, T B (2014) “Lưỡi dao khiến đời cha tàn tật” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/cong-dong/luoi-dao-cua-con-khien-doi-cha-tan-tat2974972.html XLVII 117 Thùy Linh (2018) “Cô giáo đề Văn khuyên nữ sinh 'đừng sống tầm gửi'” Vnexpress https://vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/giao-duc/co-giao-ra-de-van-khuyen-nu- sinh-dung-song-tam-gui-3719510.html XLVIII ... similarities and the differences of conceptual metaphor using plants as source domains in English and Vietnamese online newspapers Conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in English are... eminent English and Vietnamese internet newspapers - To discover and explain the similarities and differences between conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in the famous English and. .. similarities and differences between conceptual metaphors using plants as source domain in the eminent English and Vietnamese internet newspapers? What are the recommendations for teaching, learning and