TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH KIẾN TRÚC XÂY DỰNG

Cuốn sách gồm 15 bài cơ bản được biên soạn theo các chuyên đề: kiến trúc, xây dựng, quy hoạch và kĩ thuật hạ tầng. Sự ra đời của cuốn sách nhằm phục vụ cho sinh viên chuyên ngành kiến trúc và có thể dùng làm tài liệu tham khảo cho các cán bộ giảng viên.

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIÊN TRÚC HÀ NỘI ThS VI THỊ QUỐC KHÁNH (Chủ biên) n m CHUYÊN NGÀNH »í ‘n ằt lớ Ui ôli 'ã! ằli 'M U| III j Í»1 »u 1*1 »I lì! ml í ! Il( llt 1«I NHÀ XUẤT BẢN XÂY DỰNG TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIẾN TRÚC HÀ NỘI ThS VI THỊ QUốC KHÁNH (Chủ biên) TIÊNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH KIÊN TRÚC, XÂY DỤNG, QUY HOẠCH VÀ KỸ THUẬT XÂỸ DỰNG ĐÔ THỊ (Tái bản) 30033476 NHÀ XUẤT BẢN XÂY DựNG HÀ NỒI -2012 Nhóm biên soạn: • Thạc sĩ Vi Thị Quốc Khánh Thạc sĩ Nguyễn Thuý Vân Thạc sĩ Phạm Thị Yến Thạc sĩ Trần Mai Phương Thạc sĩ Nguyễn Ánh Tuyết Thạc sĩ Phan Thị Nhật Thạc sĩ Nguyễn Thị Tỵ Cử nhân Lê Thị Hoà Cử nhân Nguyễn Hồng Liên 10 Cử nhân Lê Thu Hồng LỜ I G IỚ I T H IỆ U Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành ngày trở thành mối quan tâm lớn trường đại học, cao đắng nhà chuyên môn trước nhu cầu địi hỏi cấp bách cơng việc, đặc biệt xu tồn cầu hố hội nhập quốc tế Sự đời sách "Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Kiến trúc, Xây dựng, Quy hoạch Kỹ thuật xây dựng đô thị" nhằm mục đích phục vụ cho sinh viên chuyên ngành Kiến trúc có thê dùng làm tài liệu tham khảo cho cán giảng dạy, kiến trúc sư cơng trình, kiến trúc sư quy hoạch, kỹ sư xây dựng, kỹ sư đô thị cho nhà khoa học công tác ngành Xây dựng Vì trình độ tiếng Anh sinh viên cịn hạn chế, đạt trình độ B, chúng tơi khơng có tham vọng lớn Cuốn sách biên soạn chủ yếu nhằm mục đích giảng dạy ngoại ngữ thông qua môi trường chuyên môn giảng dạy chuyên môn thông qua môi trường ngôn ngữ Cuốn sách trang bị cho sinh viên sô vốn từ vựng chuyên môn, mẫu câu ngữ pháp chức ngôn ngữ thông dụng dùng trao đổi trình bày nội dung chun mơn, đồng thời đặc biệt trọng tới việc phát triển kỹ năng: đọc, viết nói thơng qua tập luyện phương pháp giao tiếp đại Cuốn sách gồm 15 biên soạn theo chuyên đề: kiến trúc, xây dựng, quy hoạch kỹ thuật hạ tầng trích dẫn từ nguồn tài liệu xuất nước (tài liệu trích dẫn ghi cuối bài) sô' củng cô nâng cao đê người học tự nghiên cứu Cấu trúc gồm phần sau: Bài khoá soạn theo chủ đề Phần từ vựng có giải thích nghĩa tiếng Việt Phần kiểm tra khả hiểu (Comprehension Check) gồm câu hỏi nội dung khoá ■4 Phần phát triển kỹ (Skills Development) Chúng hy vọng sách tài liệu giảng dạy bố ích, đáp ứng phần nhu cầu sinh viên Kiến trúc, Xây dựng Hà Nội Tuy nhiên sách phải bao trùm bôn chuyên ngành rộng Kiến trúc, Xây dựng, Quy hoạch Kỹ thuật đô thị lượng kiến thức trang bị cho chuyên ngành hẹp ỏi Hơn trình độ hiểu biết lĩnh vực chuyên ngành Kiến trúc, Xây dựng, Quy hoạch Kỹ thuật hạ tầng nhóm biên soạn cịn hạn chế, q trình biên soạn chắn khơng tránh khỏi sai sót Chúng tơi mong phê bình góp ý bạn đọc Chúng xin cảm ơn Bộ Xây dựng, Ban Giám hiệu trường ĐHKTHN tạo điều kiện cho để sách sớm xuất Chúng xin chân thành cảm ơn TS Lê Hùng Tiến, Đại học Ngoại ngữ, Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội TS Nguyễn Tố Lăng, Đại học Kiến trúc Hà Nội có đóng góp quý báu cho nội dung sách N hóm b iên soạn UNIT HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE Architecture is the art and science of designing buildings and structures A building reflects the scientific and technological achievements of the age as well as the ideas and aspirations of the designer and client In stead of using timber, stone and traditional building techniques, architects began to explore ways of creating buildings by using the latest technology and materials such as steel, glass and concrete strengthened steel bars, known as reinforced concrete By the 1920s architects throughout Europe were reacting against the conditions created by industrialisation A new style of architecture emerged to reflect more idealistic notions for the future It was made possible by new materials and construction techniques and was known as Modernism By the 1930s many buildings emerging from this movement were designed in the International Style This was largely characterised by the bold use of new materials and simple, geometric forms, often with white walls supported by stilt-like pillars By the 1950s the International Style had developed into an universal approach to building, which standardised the appearance of new buildings in cities across the world Unfortunately, this Modernist interest in geometric simplicity and function became exploited for profit The rediscovery of quick-and-easy to handle reinforced concrete and an improved ability to prefabricate building sections led to many badly designed buildings, which discredited the original aims of Modernism Influenced by Le Corbusier's ideas (one of the Modernist architects) on town planning, every large British city built multi-storey housing estates in the 1960s Mass-produced, low-cost high-rises seemed to offer a solution to the problem of housing a growing inner-city population But far from meeting human needs, the new estates often proved to be windswept deserts lacking essential social facilities and services Many of these buildings were poorly designed and constructed and have since been demolished By the 1970s, a new respect for the place of buildings within the existing townscape arose Preserving historic buildings or keeping only their facades (or fronts) grew common Architects also began to make more use of building styles and materials that were traditional to the area The architectural style usually referred to as High-Tech was also emerging Such buildings are commonly made of metal and glass; examples are Stansted airport and the Lloyd's building in London By the 1980s the coexistence of different styles of architecture in the same building became known as Post-Modern The trend in architecture now favours smaller scale building design that reflects a growing public awareness of environmental issues such as energy efficiency Twentieth century architecture will mainly be remembered for its tall buildings They have been made possible by the development of light steel frames and safe passenger lifts They originated in the US over a century ago to help meet the demand for more economical use of land As construction techniques improved, the skyscraper became a reality (Source: VANESSA JAKEMAN & CLARE McDOWELL, Cambridge Practice Tests for IELTS 1, Cambridge University Press, 1996) COMPREHENSION CHECK What is Architecture ? What does a building reflect ? What did architects begin to explore ? When did Modernism emerge? What did it reflect? In which style were many buildings designed by the 1930s ? What was it largely characterised by ? What happened to Modernism in 1960s? What led to many badly designed buildings ? What did every large British city build in the 1960s ? What seemed to offer a solution to the problem of housing a growing inner-city population? Did they meet human needs? Why? 10 What became known as Post-Modern by the 1980s? 11 What have made tall buildings possible in the twentieth century ? What became a reality? VOCABULARY age (n) thời đại, thòi kỳ aspiration (n) nguyện vọng, khát vọng client (n) khách hàng reinforced concrete (n) bê tông cốt thép explore (v) thăm dò, khảo sát tỉ mỉ emerge (v) lên, ra, bật lên, xuất idealistic (adj) thuộc chủ nghĩa lý tưởng notion (n) khái niệm, ý kiến, quan điểm geometric (adj) thuộc hình học pillar (n) cột, trụ bold (adj) rõ nét, rõ rệt, bật stilt (n) cột sàn nhà standardise (v) tiêu chuẩn hố simplicity (n) tính đơn giản exploit (v) khai thác rediscover (n) khám phá lại, phát lại handle (v) xử lý, điều hành improve (v) cải tiến, cải thiện mass-produced (adj) sản xuất đại trà low-cost (adj) giá thấp high-rise (n) cao tầng solution (n) giải pháp inner-city nội thành demolish (v) phá huỷ arise (v) xuất hiện, nảy sinh preserve (v) bảo tồn, bảo vệ, giữ coexistence (n) tồn trend (n) : xu hướng, chiều hướng favour (v) : thích dùng scale (n) : tỷ lệ, quy mô, phạm vi awareness (n) : nhận thức, ý thức issue (n) : van đê efficiency (n) : hiệu quả, hiệu suất skyscraper (n) : nhà chọc tròi reality (n) : thực, thực tê A/ Av SKILLS DEVELOPMENT R eading and w riting Exercise 1: Complete the table below using information from the text Write no more than three words for each answer Write your answer in boxes - Period Style o f period B uilding m aterials Before 18th century Example traditional (1) 1920s introduction of .(2) 1930s - 1950s (3) 1960s decline of Modernism pre-fabricated sections (4) 1970s end of Modernist era traditional materials (5) of historic buildings 1970s beginning of (6) era metal and glass sophisticated techniques paraded 1980s Post-Modernism C haracteristics steel, glass and exploration of latest concrete technology geometric forms (7) E xercise a) Look at these Here are some examples of basic forms: a pyramid a triangular prism a hemisphere a cube a rectangular prism a cone a cylinder Now look at these drawings of buildings and building components: a hotel a minaret an Egyptian house a mosque Speaking Exercise 1: Work in pairs Look at the drawings of the road signs and say what each of them indicates Using the list below: - level crossing - road narrow - school - cross road - danger of kidding (water or ice on road) - double bend - steep hill - traffic lights - danger of farm- animals on the road - roadwork (people are mending the road) - quay or river bank - bridge - mainroad - airport mK AA A AA AAA A A Ak A A \ i GIVE % W ANy A A Exercise 2: Now work in pairs Look at the road signs and use the words or expressions like "you should " or " you'd better " to talk about the warnings as the example: Example: A: You'd better drive slowly B: Why? A: Because there's a level crossing ahead 136 UNIT 15 URBANIZATION Not until the turn of the next century will the majority of the population in the world be urban Only nine countries in the world were more than 80 percent urban in 1970, an increase from just two in 1950 and four in I960 Nevertheless the relative proportion of urban population today in developed nations is very high, especially in Australia, Western Europe, and North America Asia and Africa have traditionally had the lowest levels of urbanization at the world scale But some southern Asian nations such as India have very large urban population, the relative size of which is masked by the tremendous size of the whole country The share of the total world population living in large cities has grown dramatically during this century The growth of many of these metropolises slowed considerably in the 1970s especially in highly developed nations But growth continued unabated in Third World countries due to high rates of natural increase and continued rural to urban migration More than half of the urban growth in developing countries is caused by natural population growth Around 35-45% is the net effect of migration and 10-15% is explained by changed boundaries and other administrative measures It should, however, be kept in mind that the figures vary between regions and countries Natural population increase is estimated to make up 61% of the annual urban growth in Africa between 1990 and 1995, 73% in Latin America and 44% in Asia Migration is more important in the early sta'ges of urbanization This is the case in many African countries, South of the Sahara In many countries civil wars, ethnic conflicts, natural disasters and other external factors have reinforced this process, forcing people to leave their villages and seek protection in the cities In Mozambique for instance, migration accounted for 75% of the 10.7% annual urban growth between 1980 and 1987 The research on migration is not always conclusive, and often concentrates too much on individual reasons and too little on structural and social forces One general conclusion is that most migrants are young and often well educated Better education, information and communications as 137 well as great urban/ rural differentials in terms of economic conditions or economic opportunities seem to promote migration Contrary to general belief, migrants often succeed rather economically well In several countries a major reason for migration is the lack of arable land More and more ecologically sensitive land is being cultivated due to population growth, but there are limits for how big a population such areas can support Migration may then be the only solution left In other countries, for example, in Latin America, the key problem is the landownership structure rather than a real lack of land All attempts to stop urban growth by political means, including even brutal evacuation as in Pol Pot’s Cambodia and apartheid’s South Africa, have failed Today shanty-towns are not bulldozed as frequently but forced eviction is still a threat for millions of squatters Realizing that it is impossible to stop urban growth by force, many governments and donors have implemented programs to encourage potential migrants to stay in the rural areas The success of these programs has been limited In India and China ambitious programs for alternative activities in rural areas have managed to employ 10% of the rural population in non-farming jobs, which is considered highly successful Such programs could temporarily reduce the rural-urban migration Another strategy to relieve the pressure on the bigger cities and at the same time improve services for the rural population is the development of small and medium-sized towns This “grow centre” policy has been tried in several countries The results not seem to be convincing However, this might be blamed on the implementation rather than on the idea itself The global trend towards an increasing urban population growth seems to be inevitable and will probably continue until the urban population has reached 70 - 80% in all countries External factors and internal policies may temporarily speed up or slow down the pace of urbanization, but in the long run they will not make much difference (Source: SIDA, Towards Urban World, 1995) VOCABULARY urbanization (n) tremendous (adj) 138 : sii thi hoa : to 16n metropolis (n) unabated (adj) natural population growth (n) boundary (n) administrative measures figure (n) migrant (n) migration (n) civil war (n) ethnic conflict (n) natural disaster (n) external factor (n) account (for) (v) structural and social forces in term of (pr) differential (n) promote (v) ecologically sensitive land (n) arable (adj) cultivated (adj) land-ownership (n) political means (n) brutal evacuation (n) apartheid (n) shanty (n) shanty-town (n) forced eviction (n) squatter (n) donor (n) : thu do, thu phu : khong giam sut : sd gia tang dan so" td nhien : ranh gidi, bien gidi : nhdng bien phap hanh chinh : so lieu : ngddi di cd : sd di cd : cuoc noi chien : mau thuan dan toe : thien tai : nhan to" ben ngoai : giai thich cho : sd bdt buoc xa hoi va cd cau : ve van de : sd chenh lech : day manh, khuyen khich : vung dat rat nhay cam ve sinh thai : trot dddc : cd trot, cd cay cay, cd canh tac : sd sd hdu dat dai, quyen sd hdu dat dai : cac bien phap chinh tri : sd tan cd bi ep bdi cac bien phap tho bao, da man : sd phan biet chung toe : leu, lan, nha lup xup : khu nha chuot : sd true xuat bat buoc : ngddi den chiem dat, ngddi d trai phep : nha tai trd A V A'' iA V 139 potential migrants (n) ngưòi di cư tiềm non-farming job (n) công việc không thuộc ín g temporarily (adv) cách tạm thời to relieve the pressure giảm bớt gánh nặng, sức ép medium-sized town (n) khu thị/thị trấn trung bình / vừa convincing (adj) có sức thuyết phục to blame on đổ lỗi global trend (n) xu hưóng, khuynh hướng tồn cầu inevitable (adj) khơng thể tránh internal policy (n) sách nội pace (n) tốc độ tiến triển in the long run rứt cục là, kết speed up (v) xức tiến, đẩy mạnh, tăng tốc độ COMPREHENSI* N CHECK What are the major causes of the urban growth? Is migration important in the process of urbanization? What are the main reasons for migration in some countries? What are some attempts to stop the urban growth? Do you think urbanization can be stopped? What you think is the best solution? SKILLS DEVELOPMENT R e a d in g a n d w r itin g E x e r c is e 1: Match a line in A with a line in B A B arable a a person w h o travells so as to change on e's p lace o f liv in g apartheid b forcin g som eon e to leave a h o u se or land by law brutal c a sm all roughly built h ou se w here poor p eop le live evacuation d very cruel or severe 140 B A eviction e su itable or used for grow in g crops m igrant f shanty g the system estab lish ed by governm ent o f k eep in g d ifferent races separate to take peop le aw ay from a place to another Exercise 2: Put these linking words but, because, as a result, for instance, and, in terms of, on the other hand, on the one hand, so, however, because, though, although, despite, nevertheless, therefore, as well as, moreover, besides into the correct columns showing the right functions Contrast Cause Result Example Additional Information but because as a result for instance and Exercise 3: Fill each gap with one of the following linking words: for example, in terms of, as a result, and, but, on the other hand • Urban population growth is rapid in most developing countries, (1) but all cities not grow at the same rate (2) the growth in many cities has been slowing down in recent decades • Third World cities including some of the largest are not very densely populated (3) person per hectare • In some countries, (4) in Asia the key problem is the lack of land • The natural urban growth rate tends to increase in urban centres with a young population, (5) urban dwellers also tend to have fewer children • Planning, land allocation, physical and social infrastructure are all inadequate to cope with the situation (6) an increasing part of the urban population live in unplanned shanty­ town with environmental conditions that threaten life and health 141 Exercise 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the given linking words in brackets Example: South America tried to stop urban growth by political means They failed, (however) -> South America tried to stop urban growth by political means However, they failed a Civil wars broke out in many countries People were forced to leave their villages and seek protection in the cities, (so) b Natural disasters happen frequently in poor countries More and more people become homeless, (as a result) c In several countries, farmers immigrate to the cities Arable land is not enough for them, (because of) d Shanty-towns are not bulldozed any more Millions of squatters are evicted, (although) e Many governments and donors realize that it is impossible to stop urban growth by force They have implemented programs to encourage farmers to stay in the rural areas, (therefore) f Many programmes have been implemented Their success has been limited, (despite) g The pressure on the big cities should be relieved Services for the rural population should be improved, (besides) h Life, information, and communication are better than in the country There are more economic opportunities in the cities, (moreover) 142 Exercise 5: Look at the table below: P ercen tages o f urban population in major areas and regions Africa - East Africa - Middle Africa - North Africa - Southern Africa - West Africa Asia - East Asia - South-East Asia - South Asia - West Asia Latin America - Caribbean - Central America - South America 1965 1980 1995 2010 2025 20.6 8.8 21.1 33.6 42.8 16.9 22.2 24.9 18.9 18.4 38.2 27.3 14.6 28.2 40.2 44.5 26.0 26.2 27.4 24.0 23.1 51.2 65.0 53.4 60.2 68.2 34.7 21.7 34.4 45.9 48.1 37.0 34.0 36.8 31.7 28.2 67.5 74.2 61.7 68.3 78.0 44.2 30.7 44.5 54.4 57.1 48.6 43.8 48.1 41.8 36.5 76.3 80.4 68.6 74.9 84.0 54.1 41.3 55.5 63.7 66.4 59.3 54.4 58.4 52.9 48.1 80.9 84.4 74.3 80.1 87.5 53.5 43.3 50.2 55.9 a Use the right data to fill in the missing information of the paragraph Latin America is the most densely-populated of the three regions, nearly (1) of the population live in urban areas The percentage is expected to be (2) in 2010 and 84.4% in (3) However, the urban growth rate in Latin America is slowing down It is nearly 6% by the end of 2010 in comparison with more than 10% before (4 ) b Write similar paragraphs about the following continents and countries: a/ Africa b/ Asia cl South America d/ East Africa 143 Exercise 6: Look at the bar chart and write as many sentences as possible describing the changes of urban and rural population growth in developing countries 4500 -i 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005 2015 2025 (in 20 years time the urban population of developing countries will be greater than the rural) Urban and rural populations in developing countries (millions) Example: a In 1965 the urban population was one third of the rural population b Between 1965 and 1985 the urban population doubled Speaking Pairwork Exercise 1: Look at the table Use verbs like "cause'', "lead to", "result in", "bring about" to ask and answer questions about causes and effects Example: Question: Answer: What causes the urban growth in many countries? It is caused by rural urban migration Effect a/ shortage of accommodation b/ rapid city expansion 144 Cause a/ natural growth b/ shortage of land Effect cl urban unemployment dl poverty Cause c/ overpopulation dl shortage of natural resources Exercise 2: Now work in pairs to find out reasons and possible solutions to the following problems: a Cities are growing rapidly b A lot of citizens are homeless c A large number of young population are unemployed Make conversations like the example Example: A: Cities are growing rapidly Do you know what the main reasons are? B: There are a lo t, actually However, m igration is very important Can we stop rural-urban migration? B: Very difficult But we can control it A: Really? How? B: Well, if the government provides non-farming jobs for the rural population, it will slow down the pace of urbanization Group discussion Work in groups of four or five and discuss problems caused by urbanization in Hanoi and suggest possible solutions FURTHER READING TWO BILLION MORE PEOPLE BY CENTURY’S END The world’s exploding population signals even more growing pains ahead for already crowded areas A new United Nations study forecasts that by the year 2000, two billion people will be added to the 4.4 billion in the world today Even more troubling than the increasing number of inhabitants are the projections of where they will be concentrated The study by Rafael M 145 Salas, executive director of the UN Fund for Population Activities, notes that by the year 2000: - Nearly 80 percent of all people will live in less developed countries, many hard pressed to support their present populations That compares with 70 percent today - In many of these Third World lands, metropolises will become centres of concentrated urban poverty because of a flood of migration from rural areas - The bulging centres, mainly in Asia and Latin America, will increasingly become fertile fields for social unrest More young residents of the urban clusters will be better educated, unemployed, and demanding of a better lifestyle To slow the rush to urban centres, countries will have to expand opportunities in the countryside, the study suggests Says Salas: “The solution to the urban problems lies as much in the rural areas as in the cities themselves.” Worldwide, the number of larger cities will multiply Now 26 cities have million or more residents each and a combined population of 252 million By the end of the decade, the number will escalate to 60, with an estimated total of almost 650 million people VOCABULARY dan so' bung no exploding population (n) projection (n) executive director (n) metropolis (n) bulging centre (n) a population bulge unrest (n) world wide (adv) escalate (v) cluster (n) sU• dil• doan giam doc dieu hanh thu do, trung tarn vung trung tarn dang phinh to sil tang dan so' the thdi sil ban khoan, sil lo au kh&p ndi, khdp the gidi leo thang, tang len nhom ngildi agglomerate (v) sat nhau, tich tu 146 COMPREHENSION CHECK I Read the following statements Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false This article states the conclusion of a United Nation’s study By the year 2000, there will be 4.4 billion people in the world The world’s population explosion is occurring mostly in the less developed countries Large cities will contain fewer poor people by the year 2000 Residents of Third World urban centres will have a better life because they are well-educated and have jobs This article suggests that countries will have to expand opportunities in the countryside Cities in Asia and Latin America will probably experience more and more social problems Today 60 cities already have populations of million or more II Choose the best answer Circle the letter of your choice according to the reading passage By the year 2000 will be added to the world population today A 4.4 billion B 2.4 billion C billion The world's population explosion is occurring mostly in A developed countries B less developed countries C under developed countries Metropolises in the Third World will contain A no poor people B fewer poor people C more poor people More young residents of the urban clusters will b e A better-paid B well-paid C unemployed By the end of the decade the number of large cities will escalate A 26 B 60 C 252 147 TÀI LIÊU THAM KHẢO APSA PAPERS Volume One, 1994 Compendium of Independent Studies by the course participants, Lund University, 1993 DUBIN, F & OLSHTAIN, E., Course Design, Cambridge University Press, 1986 FRANCIS D.K.CHING, A Visual Dictionary of Architecture, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1995 GOPA1 B THAPA, Planning for Environmentally Sustainable Development, School of Environment, Resource and Development Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand, 1999 HUTCHINSON, T.& WATERS, A., English for Specific Purposes, A Learning Centred Approach., Cambridge University Press, 1987 JAMES CUMMING Đỗ HŨU THÀNH dịch Tiếng Anh Kiến trúc Xây dựng, Nhà xuất Xây dựng, 1999 JAMES CUMMING, English for Science and Technology - Architecture and Building Construction, Longman, 1985 JOHN S.COTT, Civil Engineering, Longman, 1975 10 M.J.TOMLINSON, Foundation Design and Construction, Pitman, Britain, 1980 11 SIDA, Towards Urban World, 1995 12 THOMAS C.WEANG, Plan and Section Drawing, International Thomson Publishing Inc - 1996 13 VANESSA JAKEMAN & CLARE McDOWELL, Cambridge Practice Tests for IELTS 1, Cambridge University Press, 1996 14 V.J.COOK, English Topics, Oxford University Press, 1974 148 MUC LUC • • Trang Unit : History of Architecture Unit : Housing in Britain 17 Unit : The Procedure of Building Construction 26 Unit : Design of Houses for Tropical Climates 35 Unit : Structures 45 Unit : Foundations 54 Unit : Building Materials 62 Unit : Site Investigations and Soil Mechanics 75 Unit : Site Labour 81 Unit 10 : Planning Design Process 91 Unit 11 : Water Supply 100 Unit 12 : Drainage, Sewerage and Sewage 110 Unit 13 : Current Environmental Situation 119 Unit 14 : Roads 130 Unit 15 : Urbanization 139 149 TIENG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH KIÊN TRÚC, XÂY DỤNG, QUY HOẠCH VÀ KỸ THUẬT XÂY DỤNG ĐÔ THỊ (Tái bản) Chịu trách nhiệm xuất : T R Ị N H XUÂN SƠN Chế bủn điện tử : NGUYỄN THU DUNG TRẦN KIM ANH Sửa in theo gốc: NGUYỄN THU DUNG Trình bày bìa : NGUYỄN HŨU TỪNG Biên tập kỹ, mỹ thuật : In 500 khổ 19 X27cm Xưởng in Nhà xuất Xây dựng Giấy chấp nhận đãng ký kếhoạch xuất số 18-2012/CXB/728-160/XD ngày 29-12- 2011 Quyết định xuất số 36/QĐ-XBXD ngày 28-2-2012 In xong nộp lưu chiểu tháng -2012