Ngữ pháp và bài tập hay

Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points VERB TENSES A. PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT a. The simple present tense (Thì hiện tại đơn) • Form ( Cấu trúc) • Use (Cách dùng)  Diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật hiển nhiên. The sun rises in the East  Diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện tại. Mary often goes to school by bicycle.  Diễn tả một sự việc sẽ xảy ra theo thời gian biểu hoặc chương trình, kế hoạch đã đònh theo thời gian biểu. The train leaves at seven twenty-three tomorrow morning. * Lưu ý: Ta thêm es sau các động từ tận cùng là: o,s,x,xh,sh • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)  Always, usually, sometimes, often, normally, generally, occasionally, as a rule, never, rarely, seldom, …  Every: everyday, every morning, every Saturday…  Three times a week, twice a month, from time to time… b. The present continuous tense ( Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn) • Form ( Cấu trúc) I Am V ing We, you, they Are He, she, it is • Use (Cách dùng) Diễn tả một hành động hay một sự việc đang diển ra ngay lúc nói. The children are playing football now. Diền tả một hành động có tính tạm thời, diễn ra xung quanh thời điểm nói. I am quite busy these days. I am building a new house.  Diển tả một kế hoạch, một dự đònh trong tương lai gần,một sự sắp xếp trước lúc nói. He is coming next week. • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)  Now, right now, at present, at the moment, still  Today, this week, these days, this term, this year, this summer, nowadays…  Look! Be quite! Don’t make noise! Listen! Watch out! Keep silent . * Lưu ý: Không dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn với các từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget… I am tired now She wants to go for a walk at the moment. c. The past simple tense ( Thì quá khứ đơn) • Form ( Cấu trúc) I, we, you, they, he, she, it V ed V 2 • Use (Cách dùng)  Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ, thời gian được xác đònh rõ. Tom went to Paris last week.  Diễàn tả một hành động diễn ra suốt một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ, nhưng nay đã hoàn toàn chấm dứt. She worked as a secretary for five years and now she is a teacher. • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)  Yesterday, yesterday morning, in the past, in 1985, when I was young, when I was a child…  Last: last night, last year, last month, last summer  Ago: two days ago, three weeks ago, a month ago d. The past continuous tense ( Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn) • Form ( Cấu trúc) We, you, they were V ing I, he, she, it was • Use (Cách dùng) Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 1 I, we, you, they Vinf He, she, it, V s/es Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points Hành động đã diễn ra và kéo dài một thời gian ở quá khứ. Yesterday, Mr. John was working in the laboratory all the afternoon. Hành động đang xảy ra vào một thời điểm trong quá khứ. I was doing my homework at 6:00 last Sunday. Hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào (hành động nào kéo dài hơn ta dùng Past continuous, hành động ngắn hơn dùng Past simple) When I came yesterday, he was sleeping. Lưu ý: Không dùng các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác. Thay vào đó ta dùng thì Past simple. I felt tired at that time. • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)  At 6:00 yesterday, at this time yesterday, at the time last week, at that time… e. The present perfect tense ( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành) • Form ( Cấu trúc) I, we, you, they have V 3 / V ed He, she, it has (Thể phủ đònh S have/ has not PP; Thể nghi vấn Have/Has S PP?) • Use (Cách dùng)  Diễn tả một hành động, một sự việc vừa mới xảy ra. I have just seen my sister in the park.  Diễn tả một hành động lập đi lập lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ mà không biết rỏ thời gian cụ thể trong quá khứ. Hành động có thể tiếp tục xảy ra ở hiện tại và tương lai. I have seen that film several times. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể xảy ra trong tương lai. Mary has lived in this house for ten years. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà không rỏ thời gian. I have lost my keys. Diển tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà kết quả vẫn còn ở hiện tại. He has had lunch. (He is full now.) • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian)  Since, for  Just, recently, lately, already, never, ever, yet, so far, until now, up to now, for ages, for a long time, up to the present, how long,in the last few years… Lưu ý: Các trạng từ trên chỉ được dùng kèm với thì hiện tạ hoàn thành trong các câu đơn. Nếu câu từ hai mệnh đềø trở lên thì ta phải dựa vào ngữ cảnh chứ không chỉ dựa vào các trạng từ đó.) f. The past perfect tense • Form ( Cấu trúc) I we you they he she it had PP (Phủ đònh: had not = hadn’t; Nghi vấn: Had S PP?) • Use (Cách dùng) Thì quá khứ hoàn thành dùng để diễõn tả một hành động xảy ra, hoàn thành trước một hành động, một thời điểm khác trong quá khứ. • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian) By + (the past time): by 2003, by last year By the time + clause: by the time we got there, by the time you went to bad… Before, after, when, already g. The future simple tense (Thì tương lai đơn) • Form ( Cấu trúc) (Phủ đònh: will not = won’t; Nghi vấn Will S Vo?) • Use ( Cách dùng) Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai. He will come back next week.  Diễàn tẩ một lời hứa, một dự đoán, một ý kiến, một quyết đònh tức thời, một ngỏ ý. I will give you a phone to night. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School I, we, you, they, he, she, it Will V 0 2 Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points • Time expressions ( Cụm từ thời gian) Next: next week, next month, next summer…  Someday, soon, in 2050, in two weeks, in three days, tomorrow…  I think, I am sure… B. PHẦN THỰC HÀNH I. The simple present tense Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question : Example: He (visit) ______visits _______his parents very often. He doesn’t visit his parents very often Does he visit his parents very often? 1. He (go) _________________to School everyday. 2. She (come) ___________________ from Germany. 3. Daisy usually (go) _____________________ to work by car. 4. We (watch) __________________TV every night. 5. He (walk) __________________to work every day. 6. He (be) ______________________in Ca Mau. 7. They (be) ____________________students. 8. She (wash) ___________________her clothes every Sunday. 9. She (study) _______________________English every day. 10. He (want) _________ to become a teacher. Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present simple tense: 1. She usually (walk) _______________ to school. 2. What time ________Mary usually (get) ____________ up every morning? 3. She (not wash) ____________her clothes every weekend. 4. ___________they (be) teachers? 5. It (not be) often ______________cold in summer. 6. Tom usually (walk) _____________ to school. 7. He (be) _______________ a student. 8. I (be) _________________ sixteen years old. 9. They (be) __________________ very friendly. 10. He often (wash) __________________ the car at weekends. 11. What time ____________you often (get) ____________ up every morning? 12. ________she (like) ________________ English? 13. Every week she (go) ______________________ to visit her parents. 14. What time __________your father usually (get) ___________ up? 15. We (not go) ____________________to school on Sundays. 16. We (not be) ___________________very lazy. 17. The Earth (go) _________________around the Sun. 18. I (visit) ___________________my parents very often. 19. ___________he (go) ___________________to school every day? 20. _____________she (come) _____________________from Japanese? II. The present continuous tense Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question : Example: She (read) ____is reading _____at the moment. She isn’t reading at the moment Is she reading at the moment? 1. He (watch) ____________________________________TV right now. 2. At present they (sit) ___________________________ in the class. 3. This year we (learn) _________________________ English. 4. Look! Peter (play) ______________________ football in the schoolyard. 5. Be quiet! The baby (sleep) _______________________________. 6. Look! The man (smoke) ____________________________ there. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 3 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 7. She (write) _______________________ to her parents now. 8. My father (work) ___________________________in the garden at the moment. 9. John (listen) _____________________________ to the radio now. 10. He (play) _______________________chess at the moment. Exercise 2: Put the verb in the present continuous tense: 1. The workers (work) ______________________ in the firm at the moment. 2. Please be quite! You (make) ___ _________________so much noise so I can’t concentrate. 3. Tony (have) _______________ ___a bath at the moment. 4. Listen! He (read) _____________________a story by Shakespeare. 5. At present Richard (study) _______________in London. 6. This term I (study) _______________philosophy and economics. 7. Janet (have) _______________a shower at the moment. 8. They (not/study) _______________at present. 9. Yukiko (have) _______________a bath now. 10. We (make) _______________a cake at the moment. 11. Jane (watch) _______________television at the moment. 12. Look! The boy (cry) ____________________. 13. Alice and Mary (put) ___________ the dishes away right now. 14. The farmer (work) _________________ in the field now. 15. Look! It (snow) _______________. 16. Phong (sleep) _______________ right now. 17. Mother (cook) ________________ some food in the kitchen at present. 18. Just a minute! I (look up) ______________ that word in the dictionary. 19. _______________you (write) ______________ a letter now? 20. They (not read) ____________________ books in the sitting room right now. 21. Look! They (play) _________________ football. 22. She (sweep) _______________ the floor now. 23. What________ she (do) ____________ now? 24. She (wash) ______________ the clothes at the moment. 25. Listen! Peter and Daisy (sing) ________________ now. 26. My brother (not watch) ___________TV now. He (wash) __________ his car. 27. He (study) _____________ English this month. 28. ________you (work) __________ in the garden now? 29. Peter (talk) ________________ to Susan now. 30. She (listen) _______________to the radio in her bedroom at the moment. III. The past simple tense Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question : Example: He (watch) __watched________ a good programme on TV last night. He didn’t watch a good programme on TV last night. Did he watch a good programme last night? 1. Mary (go) ___________ shopping for me yesterday. 2. The policeman (drive) __________ away ten minutes ago. 3. The biscuit factory (close) __________________ last year. 4. The headmaster (come) _______________ to the school in 1985. 5. You (spend) ________________________ a lot of money last month. 6. I last (go) ________________________ to Spain in 1990. 7. The boy (finish) _________________________their homework yesterday. 8. Rolf (buy) _____________ the leather jacket last week. 9. I (have) ____________ a little trouble with my car last week. 10. She (wash) ______________her clothes last night. Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense: 1. They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago. 2. She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning. 3. We (visit) ___________ that city last year. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 4 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 4. Peter and Daisy (be) __________ born in 1978. 5. __________you (spend) _________ your holiday in Dalat last summer? 6. She (clean) _______________the bicycle yesterday. 7. They (start) __________school in 1998. 8. My friend and I (go) __________________ to the seaside last week. 9. We (spend) ___________________________ hours on the beach last Sunday. 10. He (be) ______________________________ in Ha Noi last year. 11. His father (die) _____________________ in 1930. 12. Lincoln (work) __________________in this factory three years ago. 13. I (do) _____________________my homework last night. 14. Miss White (write) ______________________to her father last Monday. 15. My parents (buy) _________________________the car last year. 16. Hoa (read) _____________________________the book yesterday. 17. He (listen) _______________________________to the radio last night. 18. We (watch) _____________ a good programme on TV last night. 19. Mary (go) _______________shopping for me yesterday. 20. I (be) _______________ in Ha Noi last month. 21. My parents (go) _______________to HCM city last week. 22. Yesterday we (have) _______________a meeting at our school. 23. Mary (meet) _______________her parents two week ago. 24. She (be) _______________born in 1992. 25. What you (do) _______________last night. 26. Last summer I (study) _______________English in Can Tho City. 27. She (not visit) _______________her son last week. 28. In 1997 there (be) _______________a terrible storm. 29. They (build) _______________the house twenty years ago. 30. John (do not) _______________come to my birthday party last Sunday. IV. The past continuous: Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question : Example: At this time yesterday they (play) __were playing___ football. At this time yesterday they were not playing football. At this time yesterday were they playing football? 1. At this time yesterday we (play) __________________ tennis in the schoolyard. 2. At 7:00 pm yesterday (watch) ________________________ TV. 3. Yesterday while my father (watch) _____________________ TV, my mother (read) the newspaper, my sister (do) _______________________her homework and I (play) ____________ chess with my friend. 4. What were you doing when I phoned you? I (have) ____________________a bath. 5. She (do) __________________________her homework at the time yesterday. 6. Marry (water) ______________________the flowers at 3:00 p.m yesterday. 7. They (visit) __________________________the zoo at ten o’clock yesterday. 8. Peter and I (do) _____________________the exercise at this time last night. 9. Last night my father (feed) ________________________the pigeons at 7:00. 10. At this time last year we (learn) _______________________English in London. Exercise 2: Put the verb in the past simple tense or the past continuous: 1. When I (arrive) ____________ at this house, he still (sleep) ______________. 2. The light (go) _________ out while we (have) _________________dinner. 3. Bill (have) ________________ breakfast when I (stop) _____________ at this house this morning. 4. When I (arrive) ___________________at this house, he still (sleep) ________________________. 5. As we (cross) ______________________the Street, we (see) _____________________an accident. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 5 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 6. Tom (see) ______________a serious accident while he (stand) __________________at the bus stop. 7. The children (play) _________________ football when their mother (come) ___________back home. 8. The bell (ring) ______________________while Tom (take) ___________________ a bath. 9. He (sit) ______________________in a car when I (see) ______________________him. 10. We (clean) _____________________the house when she (come) _______________yesterday. V. The present perfect tense: Exercise 1: Rewrite each sentence as a positive, negative , or question : Example: She (be) has been here for several days. She has not been here for several days. Has she been here for several days? 1. Tom (see) ______________this film before. 2. I (finish) ______________ my exercise already. 3. They (live) ______________ here since 1990. 4. My father (just wash) ______________ his car. 5. The students (discuss) ______________ the question recently. 6. Mary (never, be) ______________ to Ha Noi. 7. We (know) ______________ each other for 5 years. 8. So far we (learn) ______________ five lessons. 9. We (be) ______________ pen pals for a long time. 10. They (stay) ______________ here since last week. Exercise 2: 1. Bob (see) ______________ this movie before. 2. Sandra (lend) ____________ her brother $ 200 so far. 3. Rashid (just pass) ____________ his driving test. 4. Karen (study) ____________ __________ Italian for three years now and is still studying. 5. The teacher (already, tell) ____________ to be quite. 6. Tim (not, take) ____________ many photos yet. 7. Jorge (read) ____________ the newspaper already. 8. We (not begin) _____________ to study for the test yet. 9. John and I (be) ______________ pen pals for nearly 3 years. 10. He (wear) ___________ the same coat since he (move) ___________ here. 11. . I (not see) _____________ your brother recently. 12. . They (not contact) _______________ to each other for a long time. 13. How long _______________you (study) ______________ English? 14. How many times _________ you (see) _______________him since he went to Edinburgh? 15. Who is that woman? I (never/ see) _______________ her before. 16. We (be) ____________ from French. We (be) ______________ there for 20 years. 17. I (see) __________ that film several times because I like it. 18. Mary (lose) _________________ her hat for 2 days. 19. He (not finish) _______________ doing it yet. 20. He (not see) ____________ him since Christmas. 21. (live)_______________in Ho Chi Minh City since 1975. 22. He (just see) ______________ her. 23. They (already show) _______________ the film. 24. I’m sorry the car is not here. I (just sell) ______________ it. 25. The Bakers (be) ______________ in New York for 3 months. 26. My brother (use) ______________ this computer for 2 years. 27. They (live) ________________ in this street for a long time. 28. Mr. Green (teach) ______________ French since he left London in 1997. 29. She (not speak) _________________ to me since last week. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 6 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 30. Up to now, Hoa (work) _______________ very hard. VI. The past perfect tense: 1. Yesterday they (go) _________________ home after they (finish) ______________ their work. 2. When we came to the stadium, the match (already start) _________________________. 3. Many people (move) _________________ to the new place before the storm occurred. 4. I sat down ant rested after they (go) _________________. 5. Before he died, he (be) _________________ ill for several days. 6. Last night before he (watch) _______________ TV, he (do) _________________ the exercise. 7. She went to the department after her (clean) _________________ the floor. 8. When I got to the party, they (go) _________________ home. 9. By the time the police arrived, the house (be) _________________ burned down. 10. By last year, twenty schools in this province (be) _________________ built. VII. The future simple tense Exercise 1: Put the verb in the future simple tense. 1. __________you (take) _________ at trip to London next week. 2. She (water) _________________ the flowers next month. 3. They (build) ________________ a new bridge in this province next year. 4. Tomorrow she (send) _________________ the letter to Ha Hoi. 5. In 2010 she (move) _________________ to live in Ho Chi Minh City. 6. I (meet) _________________ my parents in an hour. 7. I think it (be) _________________ sunny tomorrow. 8. I am sure he (pass) _________________ the exam. 9. I (stay) _________________ at home if it rains. 10. He (send) ________________ the letter when he goes to the post office. VIII. The present simple or the present continuous tense: Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense: 1. My father (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day. 2. His sister (study) __________ in a shoe store this summer. 3. The students (look) ___________ up that new word now. 4. Mary (go) __________ to school every day. 5. They (do) __________ this exercise at the moment. 6. Ms Eden (read) ___________ a newspaper now. 7. It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now. 8. Bad students never (study) __________ hard. 9. He generally (sing) ________ in English, but today he (sing) ________ in Spanish. 10. We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30. 11. She sometimes (buy) ___________vegetables at his market. 12. We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully. 13. Look! A man (run) ________ after the train. He (want) _______ to catch it. 14. It (be) __________ very cold now. 15. John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow. 16. I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks. 17. Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums. 18. Mary (love) __________ ice-cream. 19. My mother (cook) __________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) __________ in the mornings. 20. I often (leave) __________ the city at weekends. 21. The guests (watch) __________ the TV programes now. 22. The sun (set) __________ in the west. 23. My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night. 24. Listen! I (hear) ___________ someone knocking at the front door. 25. I (do) ____ an exercise on the present tense at the moment and I (think) ______ that I (know) _____how to use it now. IX. The present perfect or the simple past tense: Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense. 1. We (never watch) __________ that TV programme. 2. We (watch) __________ a good programme on TV last night. 3. He (read) __________ that novel many times before. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 7 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 4. He (read) __________ that novel again last vacation. 5. I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week. 6. However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then. 7. I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago. 8. He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning. 9. They (study) __________ at this school for 7 years now. 10. They (begin) __________ to study at this school 7 years ago. 11. How long ago he (start) __________ to learn French? 12. She (lose) __________ her handbag on the train yesterday morning. 13. His dog (just run) __________ out of the garden. 14. Mr. Brown (travel) __________ by air several times in the past. 15. He (travel) ___________ to Mexico by air last summer. X. The Past Simple Or The Past Continuous Tense Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense. 1. He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him. 2. When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________. 3. The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea. 4. While he (learn) __________ to drive, he (have) __________ an accident. 5. We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain. 6. He (have) __________ a bad fall when he (repair) __________ his roof. 7. It (start) __________to rain when we (play) football in the schoolyard yesterday. 8. He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him. 9. The servant (drop) _______ two cups while she (wash up) ______ last night. 10. While he (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) . 11. Last night we (watch) TV when the power (fail). 12. When I (stand) __________ at the bus stop, I (see) __________ an accident. 13. Yesterday I (walk) __________to school when I (find) a wallet on the street. 14. When I (have) dinner yesterday, Peter (come) to our house. 15. The thief (steal) the bike when Mai (look) for some books in the shop. XI. The past simple or the past perfect tense Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense. 1. They (go) __________ home after they (finish) __________ their study. 2. Yesterday when I (arrive) __________to the party, the (already go) __________home. 3. After the guests (leave) __________, she (go) __________back into the living-room and (switch) __________off the light. 4. On arrival at home I (find) __________that she (just leave) __________just a few minutes before. 5. Before he (go) __________ to bad, he (do) __________his homework. 6. When they (get) __________to the place, the man (die) __________. 7. He (do) _________ nothing before he (see) ___________ me. 8. He (thank) __________ me for what I (do) __________ for him. 9. I (be) __________ sorry that I (hurt) __________ him. 10. After they (go) __________, I (sit) __________ down and (rest) __________. 11. When I (arrive) ___________, the dinner (already, begin) ______________. 12. My friend (not see) _______ me for many years when I (meet) _____ last week. 13. He (learn) __________ English before he (leave) __________ for England. 14. In England, he soon (remember) __________ all he (learn) __________ before. 15. They (tell) __________ him they (not meet) __________ him before. 16. He (ask) __________ why we (come) __________ so early. 17. She (say) __________ that she (already, see) ___________ Dr. Rice. 18. By the time Bill (get) __________ there, the meeting (start) __________. 19. When we (arrive) __________ at our place, we (find) __________ that a burglar (break) ____________ in. 20. Almost everybody (leave) _______ for home by the time we (arrive) _______. XII. The simple present or the simple future tense Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense. 1. We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________. 2. I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me. 3. Wait until I (catch) __________ you. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 8 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 4. I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten. 5. John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out. 6. Miss Helen (help) __________ you as soon as she (finish) ________ that letter. 7. He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there. 8. She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready. 9. He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him. 10. I (come) _______ and (see) ________ you before I (leave) _____ for England. XIII. Mixed tenses Exercise 1: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense. 1. We seldom (eat) ______________ before 7 am. 2. I (not see) ________________ him since I (meet) ____________ him 2 months ago. 3. Listen! I (think) _____________ someone (knock) _______________ the door. 4. I (get) _________________ up early the day before yesterday. 5. The earth (circle) ____________ the sun once every 365 days. 6. __________you (watch) _________ TV last night? 7. The workers (work) _______________ in the firm at the moment. 8. How many times _________ you (see) ________him since he went to Edinburgh? 9. Rivers usually (flow) __________ to the sea. 10. Look! The boy (cry) _______________. 11. Do you know that man, who (smoke) _______________________ there. 12. Mrs. Green always (go) _____________to work by bus. 13. We (be) ____________ from French. We (be) ______________ there for 20 years. 14. I (move) ______________ to another town next week. 15. I (see) __________ that film several times because I like it. 16. She always (go) _______________ go to bed before her mother does. 17. Mary (lose) _________________ her hat for 2 days. 18. __________you (take) _________ a trip to London next week? 19. She rarely (take) ____________a bath before dinner. 20. He (not finish) _______________ doing it yet. 21. He (not see) ____________ him since Christmas. 22. In what year _______ World War II (break) __________ out? 23. The sun (set) ______________ in the West. 24. They (live) _______________ in Ho Chi Minh City since 1975. 25. He (come) _________ here once 2 years ago. 26. We will go out when it (stop) _________________raining. 27. She (read) ______all the books written by Dickens. How many books _______ you (read) _______? 28. Alice and Mary (put) ___________ the dishes away right now. 29. What ________you (do) _________ at 10 am yesterday? 30. She (finish) ____________ her homework recently. 31. He (just see) ______________ her. 32. They (already show) _______________ the film. 33. I’m sorry the car is not here. I (just sell) ______________ it. 34. When _________you (buy) ________ your bicycle? 35. I (know) ___________Jack since we (be) _____________ students but I (not meet) ___________ him since we (leave) _______________ school in 1998. 36. The Bakers (be) ______________ in New York for 3 months. 37. __________you (spend) _________ your holiday in Da lat last summer? 38. We (visit) ___________ that city last year. 39. The farmer (work) _________________ in the field now. 40. John (see) ______________ that film sometimes. 41. My brother (use) ______________ this computer for 2 years. 42. Mr. Green (buy) ______________ a new tractor last month. 43. They (live) ________________ in this street for a long time. 44. My brother (play) _______________ football at the moment. 45. Mr. Green (teach) ______________ French since he left London in 1997. 46. She often (go) _____________ to school by bicycle but yesterday she (go) __________by bus. 47. Look! It (snow) _______________. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 9 Ñeà cöông 10 Grammar Some other grammar points 48. She (not speak) _________________ to me since last week. 49. Up to now, Hoa (work) _______________ very hard. 50. HCM city (be) ______________ the largest city in Vietnam. 51. They (hold) ________________ the meeting recently. 52. Phong (sleep) _______________ right now 53. He (live) ________________ in Hanoi since 2002. 54. Long ago, my young brother often (cry) _______________ at night. 55. ________you (see) _________ him recently? 56. He (finish) ______________ his work since yesterday. 57. Peter and Daisy (be) __________ born in 1978. 58. Please be quite! You (make) ______________ so much noise so I can’t concentrate. 59. Look. A man (run) ________ after the train. He (want) _______ to catch it. 60. It (be) __________ very cold now. 61. We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night. 62. He usually (write) __________ in green ink. 63. She (play) _________ the piano when our guests (arrive) _________ last night. 64. We (do) __________ English exercise at the moment. 65. She (just come) __________ in and (see) __________ you in 5 minutes. 66. I (come) _________ as soon as my study is finished. (You be) ________ ready? 67. Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year? 68. I (not leave) ________ Paris since we (go) _______ to Dieppe three years ago. 69. My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend. 70. We (meet) __________ only yesterday and (already decide) __________ to get married. 71. I (never see) __________ snow. 72. Violets (bloom) __________ in spring. 73. We (not live) ___________ in England for the last two months. 74. I (lose) ________ my keys; I cannot remember where I last (see) ______ them. 75. He (not arrive) __________ when I (write) __________ my last letter to you. 76. Whenever you (go) _________ to town nowadays, you (spend) _________ a lot of money. 77. I (never forget) __________ what you (just tell) __________ me. 78. They (prepare) __________ the Christmas dinner today. 79. I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago. 80. He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning. 81. Look at those black clouds. It (rain) _________ 82. We (not see) _________ her since we (be) _________ on holiday in Ha Long bay. 83. Phuong (not finish) _________ her homework yet. 84. Would you like some coffee? I just (make) _________ some. 85. No one (use) _________ this car for several years. 86. Last night when we (visit) _________ him, he (do) _________ an experiment on the upstairs. 87. The sewing machine which you (use) _________ at present (invent) _________ in 1830 by French. 88. I (not see) ______ your uncle recently. - No .He (not go) _________ out since he (buy)_______ a new color television. 89. My uncle just (open) _________ a new internet house on Trang Thi street 90. Her grandfather (die) _________ 20 years ago. She (never meet) _________ him. 91. Linh's brother (lose) _________ his job last month and since then he (be) _________ out of work. 92. You (see) _________ Mrs. Chi lately? - Yes. I (see) _________ her at the school gate three days ago. 93. The door won't open unless you (push) _________ it hard. 94. As soon as I (have) _________ enough money, I'll buy a new car. 95. I (not use) _________ the car this evening, so you can have it. 96. I (walk) _________ along the street when I suddenly (feel) _________ something hit me in the back. I (not know) _________ what it was. 97. It (be) cold when we (leave) _________ the house that day, and a light snow (fall) _________. 98. I (not see) _________ Daisy for ages. When I last (see) _________ him, he (try) _________ to find a job in London. 99. I (walk) _________ along the street when suddenly I (hear) _________ footsteps behind me. Somebody (follow) _________ me. I was frightened and I (start) _________ to run. 100. When I was young, I (want) _______________to be a bus diver. Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 10 [...]... được thay thế cho at/on/in + danh từ nơi chốn hoặc there Do you know the country where I was born? Why: Why là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lí do Why thay cho for which Relative pronoun Noun replaced Functions (Đại từ quan hệ) Who (Danh từ được thay thế) Danh từ chỉ người (Chức năng) Làm chủ từ Whom Danh từ chỉ người Làm tân ngữ Which Danh từ chỉ vật Làm chủ từ hoặc tân that Danh từ chỉ người,vật, thay thế... anything, all little, much, none và sau dạng so sánh nhất Whose: Whose là đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữu Whose đứng sau danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật và thay cho tính từ sở hữu hoặc sở hữu cách trước danh từ Whose luôn đi kèm với một danh từ John found a cat whose leg was broken Relative adverbs When: When là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian When được thaycho at/on/in + danh từ thời... which là đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật để làm chủ từ hay tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó Which làm tân ngữ có thể được bỏ đi trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác đònh The dress which I bought yesterday is very beautiful This is the book which I like best  That: That là đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người lẫn vật That có thể được dùng thay cho who, whom, which trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác đònh This is the... năng) Làm chủ từ Whom Danh từ chỉ người Làm tân ngữ Which Danh từ chỉ vật Làm chủ từ hoặc tân that Danh từ chỉ người,vật, thay thế cho which,whom,who ngữ Làm chủ từ hoặc tân trong mệnh đề hạn đònh ngữ Tính từ sở hữu hoặc sở hữu cách Làm chủ từ hoặc tân whose ngữ B PHẦN THỰC HÀNH I Defining relative clause: ( Mệnh đề hạn đònh) Exercise 1: Use who, whom or which to combine the two sentences 1 The girl is... (Cấu trúc) To V0 c Functions (Chức năng) • Subject (Chủ ngữ) • To learn English is very necessary To speak English fluently is very difficult Complement (bổ ngữ) His hobby is to collect stamps Lu hµnh néi bé Nguyễn Đáng High School 31 Đề cương 10 Grammar Some other grammar points What is like is to swim in the sea Object of an adjective (Tân ngữ của tính từ) It is necessary to learn English I am happy... one of my closet friends 9 Cuc phuong is a famous nation park I came there along time ago 10 Thu wants to drink some medicine She had a headache III Mixed typed (Bài tập tổng hợp) Exercise 1: Combine the two sentences using relative pronouns or relative adverbs 1 The building seems new now It was very old 2 I went to see a doctor He told me to rest... subject ( Từ để hỏi dùng làm chủ từ) Wh-question V O ? Who teaches you English every day? # Who do you teach English every day? II Question words use as objects or modifiers ( Từ để hỏi dùng làm tân ngữ hoặc bổ ngữ) Wh-question aux.V S Vm O ? Aux V: auxiliary verb trợ động từ Vm: main verb động từ chính Lưu ý: Đối với thì nào thì mượn trợ động từ tương ứng Đối với động từ khiếm khuyết (can, could, may,... -surprised at ( ngạc nhiên về ) - tired of ( chán ), tired from ( mệt ) opposed to ( phản đối ) essential to ( cần thiết ) - worried about ( lo lắng về ) • Complement (Bổ ngữ) His hobby is collecting stamps • Object of a verb (Tân ngữ của động từ) Danh động từ thường đi sau một số động từ dưới đây: Stop Finish Delay keep Enjoy Mind Suggest prefer Fancy Admit Consider Miss Imagine Deny Involve Postpone... this, that, these, those, my, his, her… và danh từ riêng III The use of relative pronouns and relative adverbs • Relative pronouns  Who: who là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm chủ từ cho động từ đứng sau nó The man who is standing over there is Mr Pike  Whom: whom là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người để làm tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó Whom làm tân... the price on the day of the match REPORTED SPEECH STATEMENT A PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp câu kể ta chú ý những điểm sau: • Thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp ta phải thay đổi đai từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu theo bảng sau: Personal pronouns Possessive pronouns Lu hµnh néi bé Direct speech (Câu trực tiếp) I You We They He, . các câu đơn. Nếu câu từ hai mệnh đềø trở lên thì ta phải dựa vào ngữ cảnh chứ không chỉ dựa vào các trạng từ đó.) f. The past perfect tense • Form ( Cấu. he was sleeping. Lưu ý: Không dùng các động từ chỉ nhận thức, tri giác. Thay vào đó ta dùng thì Past simple. I felt tired at that time. • Time expressions