Phát triển kinh doanh dịch vụ viễn thông ở việt nam trong bối cảnh hội nhập quốc tế nghiên cứu trường hợp công ty cổ phần viễn thông hà nội tt tiếng anh

INTRODUCTION Necessity of the thesis Recently, in the process of increasing international economic integration, countries in Southeast Asia in particular and Asia in general have become more and more prominent in the world economy The strong process of international economic integration has brought new opportunities for economic development in developing countries through creating opportunities for these countries to access a wider private market materials, product consumption and labor market, strengthening the ability to mobilize finance and other resources for the development of important economic sectors such as industry, agriculture and services In order to contribute to the success of countries including Vietnam, the Telecommunications industry plays a very important role Since joining the WTO, the telecommunication industry has been attracting many foreign investors, in fact, it has achieved high growth but still has many limitations such as high service prices and quality is not good, the infrastructure is not synchronized, the imbalance between rural and urban areas, is not rich in service as well as customer care is still not professional, etc Starting from urgent practical requirements As mentioned above, the PhD student chooses the topic "Development of telecommunication services business in Vietnam in the context of international integration: Case study of Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company" to carry out the dissertation his economic doctor Objectives The thesis focuses on the following main objectives:  System of basic theories related to enhancing the competitiveness of telecommunications services in general and telecommunications services business in particular In particular, the thesis will study the competitiveness of telecommunication service business, factors affecting the competitiveness of telecommunications service business;  Analyze and point out the weaknesses and limitations of the previous research results related to the competitiveness of the telecommunication service business to identify shortcomings and outstanding issues in the industry dealing in telecommunication services in Vietnam, issues that have not been solved in previous studies;  Analyzing and assessing the competitive situation of the telecommunications service business in Vietnam in the past to determine the strengths, weaknesses, advantages and difficulties in the business of telecommunications services in Viet Nam Thereby, analyzing the competitiveness of the current telecommunication service business  Propose recommendations, orientations and solutions to improve the competitiveness of the telecommunication service business in Vietnam Objects and scope of the research Object: The object of the study is the development of Vietnam's telecommunications services in the context of international integration, a separate case study of Hanoi Telecom However, due to the close relationship between the development of telecommunication services business and economic development, the thesis also studies the aspects and conditions of business development of telecommunications services associated with the development of telecommunications services economic development in Vietnam Scope: The project focused on researching, analyzing the situation, the context of international integration and mobile telecommunications products and services of Hanoi Telecommunications Joint Stock Company from 2010 to 2017, from which proposed solutions solutions to improve the development of telecommunications services in Vietnam from 2018 to year to 2025 and vision to 2035 The domestic telecommunication service enterprises mentioned in this thesis are Enterprises without 100% foreign capital are established in Vietnam, doing business in domestic and international markets The foreign telecom service enterprises mentioned in this thesis are those with large market capitalization and listed on the NASDAQ stock market Scientific and practical significance of the thesis 4.1 Scientific significance The thesis contributes to clarifying the definitions of telecommunications services, business of telecommunications services, types of telecommunications services, and modes of business of telecommunications services The thesis enriches the theory of telecommunications service business, business development of telecommunications services, enhances the ability of business development of telecommunications services associated with Vietnam's economic development in the context of international economic integration Applying the competitive theory of 5Ps by Michael Porter to analyze and evaluate the development ability of the company Apply the SWOT model to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, competitive advantages and limitations of telecommunication service business in Vietnam in general and Hanoi Telecom in particular Use development capability analysis models to assess the current situation of development, operation and business development capability of telecommunication service enterprises; Theories about business development strategy serve as a basis for practical application of business development activities of telecommunication enterprises in Vietnam Overview and assessment of the process of economic integration and the impact of economic integration on telecommunications service business development and the role of telecommunications services in the process of economic development in the context of integration 4.2 Practical significance The thesis has assessed the current situation of telecommunication service development, analyzed the strengths, weaknesses and causes of success and limitations in the development of telecommunication service business in Vietnam The dissertation provides experiences and lessons from foreign telecommunication service providers to enhance the business of telecommunications services in Vietnam in general and Hanoi Telecom in particular The thesis analyzes and points out opportunities and challenges for telecommunication service business in Vietnam This is very important in making strategies and proposing solutions for business development of telecommunications services The thesis has proposed solutions to improve and develop telecommunication services in Vietnam in the context of international integration Contributing to improving the development ability of Vietnamese telecommunications enterprises in general in order to improve economic efficiency, contributing to the development process of Hanoi City Telecommunications in particular and Vietnam in general Research method In the research process, the dissertation used methods of analysis, statistics, comparison, synthesis of telecommunication industry and company data to assess the company's development ability In order to better assess development efficiency, competitiveness, opportunities and potential for development as well as orientations for telecommunications service development, the thesis also uses practical case studies Telecommunications industry development in Vietnam Currently, there are many telecommunications developers in Vietnam market, including traditional corporations such as Mobiphone, Vinaphone, EVN, Saigon Telecommunication Joint Stock Company, Viettle and Gtel Mobile Global Telecommunications Company The thesis has studied, analyzed the general situation, the orientations to bring success of the companies to propose for Vietnam telecommunications in general Results analyze the impact factors, success and limitations, their causes New contributions of the thesis  Overview and clarify the theoretical issues, theory of business services in general and the quality of telecommunications service business in particular, the development efficiency and the development ability of telecommunication service business in the context of international integration  Build the development effectiveness and development ability of telecommunication services business in the context of international economic integration Structure of the thesis: The main content of the thesis consists of chapters: Chapter 1: Overview of research works related to the thesis topic Chapter 2: Some theoretical issues about telecommunication service business in the context of international integration Chapter 3: Current situation of Vietnam telecommunications service business - case study of Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company (Hanoi Telecom) Chapter 4: Some solutions to develop telecommunication service business in Vietnam in the context of international integration CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH WORKS RELATED TO THE THESIS TOPIC 1.1 Overview of research both in Vietnam and in other countries 1.1.1 Studies related to theories on telecommunications and competition in telecommunications - The issues of competitive theory, development orientation, marketing orientation, strategic management of Porters, assessment of resource-based development capabilities for telecommunication service providers have been studied Research in Kamiru's doctoral thesis (2015) The content of the thesis is the influence of marketing strategies to create competitive advantage among mobile service providers in Kenya - Avila (2017) studied the diffusion and competitive relationship of mobile services in Guatemala - Regarding cooperation and micro strategies in the field of providing telecommunication services, telecommunication platforms, telecommunication ecosystems, telecommunication service business strategies, Karhu et al (2014) have an analysis of competition and cooperation differences among telecommunication ecosystems using strategic networks - Regarding application services, telecom network operators, application stores and telecommunications industry, author Wang and Chang (2016) presented the model and analysis for telecommunication application services information and views of telecom network operators - Examine the competitive relationships that exist in the telecom market using the appropriate theory of personal satisfaction and system satisfaction aspects that are mentioned in the study by Lee, YC (2011) 1.1.2 Studies on the current situation of domestic and foreign telecommunications markets - Vietnam ICT White Book 2017 - Assessment of the competition of HAP distribution in mobile services in developing countries by Research Institute of Orange firm - French telecommunications giant published by co-research by Reynaud and Gourhant (2011) - Another case study in Korea in the field of telecommunications services of Kang et al (2017) discusses mobile services, government policies and competitive market in the field of mobile services in Korea - An example of the current overview of mobile phones in India is presented by Gupta and Jain (2016) - Article by Lin and Bautista (2016) researching and investigating the development of mobile advertising in Singapore by considering the views of stakeholders and creating resources in social technology systems such as value chains, government regulations, etc 1.2 General assessment of the research situation on telecommunication service business in previous studies The above-mentioned studies only approach to the telecommunication service product and business strategy from a more theoretical point of view without an in-depth study on the telecommunication service product and business strategy at a specific unit The research works in Vietnam are mainly limited to understanding the business development of telecommunication services of enterprises in general, but there has not been any research project that deeply analyzes the activities of enterprises a specific business Meanwhile, foreign research works have selected only a few specific types of telecommunications services such as new mobile technology, GSM - CDMA competition, HAP distribution competition in mobile services in Vietnam developing countries, applications in mobile telecommunications services, etc to analyze CHAPTER 2: SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES ABOUT TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION 2.1 Definitions This section summarizes the concepts and six important characteristics of telecommunications services, types of telecommunications services including: basic services, value added services, internet connection services, access services Internet access and internet application services The new contribution of this section is the theory of international economic integration and the impact of international economic integration on Vietnam's telecommunications 2.2 Classification of telecommunication services According to Circular No 05/2012 / TT-BTTTT, telecommunication services are classified as follows: Fixed telecommunication service Land-based telecommunications service is a telecommunications service provided via land fixed telecommunication network Mobile telecommunications services Land mobile telecommunications service is a telecommunications service provided via land mobile telecommunications network (mobile communication network, wireless trunk network, messaging network) 2.3 Stages of development of mobile telecommunications services The development process of Vietnam's telecommunications industry can now be divided into four stages: the service phase (from 1987 to 1990), the exclusive development period (from 1990 to 1995), the period of opening up to create competition (from 1995 to 2005) and the stage of preparation for international integration (from 2005 to now) 2.4 Modes of service delivery There are four modes of service delivery, including cross-border service delivery, extraterritorial consumption, commercial presence and natural presence 2.5 Competition theory is based on the competitiveness of the telecommunication service business in Vietnam 2.5.1 Theory of competition and industry competition - Theory of competition: In a competitive market economy, it is understood as the competition between enterprises in the market in order to gain an advantage over the same product, goods and services, the same type of customers goods compared to competitors - The theory of industry competition: competition is understood and generalized, that is, the fierce competition between entities operating in the market with each other, trading the same products or products similar to mutual replacement in order to gain market share, increase sales and profits 2.5.2 Application of research on the competitiveness of the telecommunications business in Vietnam a) Competition of Vietnam's telecommunications industry: It is the ability to change the structure and mechanism of the telecommunications industry to form and maintain the stable development of the industry, enhance the quality of services provided by enterprises in the industry, in order to better adapt , enhance competitiveness in the market Therefore, Vietnam's telecommunications industry will be able to attract investment, technology transfer and take advantage of domestic and foreign human resources b) Factors affecting the competitiveness of the telecommunications industry Factors affecting the competitiveness of the telecommunications industry include: the number of entities participating in the industry, revenue, the quality of services that meet customer needs, and inter-criteria These are related to labor productivity and criteria related to the development of the telecommunications industry (ICT-OI) 2.6 Telecommunication service business experience of some countries in the world and lessons learned for telecommunications businesses in Vietnam 2.6.1 Telecommunications business experience of some countries in the world a) Business experience of Chinese telecommunications enterprises Expanding network capacity and scale of coverage: anticipating subscriber levels, the corporation continues to expand its coverage and increase network capacity, focus on developing fast GSM networks, continue to improve and maximize TACS network optimization When expanding the network, the corporation may have to build its own transmission infrastructure in some areas where the provincial post offices have not installed transmission equipment Enhancing network quality and operational functions: To enhance the overall performance of the network, the group is developing value-added services, including voicemail, short messages and data transmission capabilities advanced data that the group thinks will increase subscriber usage and create new sources of revenue for the group Increasing focus on equipment and distribution to expand subscribers: The Group expands its subscriber base by developing its image as a quality service provider through the promotion of activities stronger advertising The Group also develops an extensive distribution network to telecommunication retail stores and post offices and continues to expand its own retail stores, exploiting opportunities to diversify distribution channels Continuing to pay attention to after-sales service and strengthen customer loyalty on mobile technology, network characteristics as well as their services The Group offers a wide range of customer services from point of sale onwards, including customer helplines, Customer Service Centers, online support for customers with payment questions, technology and other aspects of exploitation and services; complete other aspects of customer service, including invoice accuracy, convenience of payment, and the timeliness of solving network problems to strengthen customer loyalty Cost control and operational efficiency enhancement: The Group focuses on cost control, improving operational efficiency through the implementation of advanced information management systems and international management techniques , and by maintaining and engaging highly qualified employees to enhance their profitability Exploiting strategic investment opportunities in the telecommunications industry in China: Given the rapid growth of China's telecommunications industry, the group recognizes that there will be attractive opportunities for strategic investments with other telecommunications service providers The group intends to take advantage of its unique position to access international capital markets in order to exploit opportunities to win contracts on mobile communications or telecommunications in general in China b) Business experience of American telecommunications businesses AT&T AT&T identifies the future trend as users to watch videos via smartphones However, AT&T is inherently a corporation that benefits primarily from traditional development models such as paid TV channels, which are at risk from new technology innovations From AT & T's strategic point of view, whatever the future of communications, the group will focus on video content Intel Corp Intel has shifted from traditional telecommunications to new businesses Telecommunications development results show that the new telecommunication development strategy is gradually promoting efficiency and creating a solid foundation for development 2.6.2 Lessons learned for telecommunications businesses in Vietnam - Quickly expand coverage and increase network capacity - Rapidly expanding distribution channels - Improve the quality of service and customer service - Promote customer care activities - Flexible and scientific management organization model - Increasing investment in research and development CHAPTER 3: CURRENT SITUATION OF VIETNAM TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE BUSINESS - CASE STUDY OF HANOI TELECOM JOINT STOCK COMPANY (HANOI TELECOM) 3.1 Evaluate the current situation of development of Vietnam's telecommunications service business a) Actual situation of contributions made by telecommunication business in Vietnam - Expanding the information network, enhancing domestic and foreign exchange capacity: The post and telecommunications services help society save time, shorten distances and bridge distances - Provide additional tools to manage the country, ensure communication for national security, national defense, flood and storm prevention, and serve important events of the country: important means and media for facilitating the production, exchange and consumption of products and services of all other economic sectors - Contribute to improving and improving the physical and spiritual life of the people: The postal and telecommunication service is the most effective and fastest information tool with a prompt, accurate, safe and convenient request convenient for all areas of social life, including politics, economics, culture, society and national security and security, which are sensitive factors related to socio-political, economic and military issues and national security, are important management tools of the political system - Contributing to the industrialization and modernization of the country, creating favorable conditions for development of other economic and social fields: The development of post and telecommunications services has the effect of promoting the growth process economic, social economic restructuring towards progress, improve productivity and efficiency in rural agriculture, industry, social services such as education and training, health care improvement improve the quality of life in developing regions, encourage community and enhance cultural identity in remote areas and remote areas, and promote the cause of industrialization and modernization - Provide solutions to reduce development costs and increase social labor productivity: including reducing machine downtime, reducing inventory, bringing products to market on time, reducing transportation costs , and energy saving b) Overview of telecommunication service business in Vietnamese enterprises This section will analyze the strengths and weaknesses based on the business situation of key telecommunications enterprises in Vietnam Here are seven key telecommunications businesses studied: Table 3.1: Key companies in the field of Telecommunications in Vietnam Company name Ownership Vietnam Posts and State-owned (100%) Telecommunications Group VinaPhone Vietnam telecommunication service company (100%) Mobifone Vietnam telecommunication service company (100%) Viettel Ministry of Defence S-Fone Joint Venture of Saigon Postel and SK Telecom EVN Telecom Vietnam Electricity Company (100%) Hanoi Telecom Joint Venture of Hanoi Telecom, Hutchison Telecommunicatons International (HTIL) Market share Local telephone, inter-provincial and international, data, internet Mobile phone Mobile phone Mobile phones, local phones Mobile phone Local telephone, inter-provincial and international, data, internet Mobile phone Source: BMI c) Evaluating through the analysis of the telecommunications business situation of enterprises and telecommunications market in our country - Advantages and achievements: + Attracting many foreign businesses and investors: With the entry of foreign investors into the domestic telecommunications market, the 10 telecommunication industry will increasingly develop towards modernization due to Many large telecommunication enterprises in the world will enter the Vietnamese market, bringing technology, financial resources, knowledge and experience to exploit telecommunication infrastructure in Vietnam + Telecommunication business has high growth rate: Although Vietnam is a developing country, the telecommunication business in Vietnam has had a strong growth in recent years The telecom industry has experienced a high growth rate with the development of mobile telecommunications and internet, reflected by the increasing number of users and access + Positive revenue structure: Revenue from telecom and internet business increases, while revenue from mobile phone services tends to decrease, the proportion of revenue from mobile services accounts for big weight This shows the positive trend of the telecommunications business market Although mobile phones and the internet appeared after landlines, they quickly dominated the market due to their convenience, modern technology and low cost + Increasing labor productivity: Labor productivity of telecommunications business in general and enterprises in particular has shown positive results + Service quality is gradually improved: Telecommunication business is developing rapidly, although service quality has increased more slowly, it has been gradually improved to meet the needs of the market - Disadvantages and issues raised: • Competition among companies operating in the same industry that develop telecommunication products and services • Competition of potential competitors: Potential competitors are businesses that are not currently in the telecommunications product service business but are likely to participate in business development activities in that industry Businesses in the industry are always looking for ways to limit other businesses want to participate in the industry because if there are new competitors, the profitability of the business will be affected In fact, in Vietnam a number of businesses are not operating in the field of telecommunications services business but have also participated in this industry such as Electricity of Vietnam • Pressure from customers: This pressure comes to any development industry, not just the development of mobile telecommunications services As the economy develops, consumers' awareness is getting higher and higher, the demand for telecommunications service quality is also increasing This makes the business development of this product always under pressure to explore and 11 improve the quality of telecommunications services 3.3 Overview of the development process and characteristics of telecommunications business development of Hanoi Telecom This section outlines the development process and business characteristics of Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company - Hanoi Telecom for more than 15 years of construction Vietnam Telecom's mobile network of Vietnam Telecom is a result of the cooperation and development process with Hutchison Telecom, the world's leading telecommunications corporation 3.4 Business situation of Hanoi Telecom a) About expanding the coverage area Recognizing that besides lowering the cost of services, the company also had to improve the service quality, Hanoi Telecom quickly implemented the construction of a network of base stations nationwide, so in 2008, Hanoi Telecom only there were 1000 BTS, by 2009 it was 5000 BTS b) Regarding subscriber development and market share expansion Hanoi Telecom has successfully implemented its focused growth strategy In 2009, Hanoi Telecom developed more than million new subscribers, an encouraging number for a new network operator c) Development of service scale Hanoi Telecom is always strengthening its market expansion and service scale activities by creating a competitive advantage for its products and services The competitive weapons that the company uses are mainly product quality, product cost, product differentiation, customer care regime d) Regarding turnover Hanoi Telecom has well implemented its strategy of setting prices lower than competitors, thus attracting a large number of customers to join the network, increasing revenue rapidly Currently, Hanoi Telecom is one of the market leaders in terms of low price e) Marketing activities, branding and development Currently, marketing is a strength of Hanoi Telecom, the company has a strong marketing staff, distribution channels and customer care agents everywhere contributing significantly to the Vietnamobile brand f) Regarding renovation of enterprise management organization Hanoi Telecom always chooses its human resource strategy to put people at the center, considers businesses as a means for people to promote their 12 creative talents, trust their partners, build a working team with effective Table 3.4: Structure of human resources of Hanoi Telecom Others Primary iateIntermed College Grad 0% gradPost 40 2% 40 Total 2.043 1.363 630 50 12 1.070 400 373 125 22 Rate 100% 66,8% 38,8% 2,4% 1% 52% 20% 18% 6% 1% >28 and