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MAU DON BI Paeonia suffruticosa Andr Ho Mao IUong - Ranunculaceae • Dac diem thtfc vat Cay cao lm -l,5m La moc sole thirdng chia ld chet ; la chet giufa chia thung ; cuong dai Hoa moc don doc of dau canh, hoa to, difdng kinh 15-20cm, mau d6 , tim hodc trdng mui thom - Bp phan dung Vo re - Cortex Paeoniae radicis - Thanh phan hoa hoc Trong r ! co glycosid goi la paeonolid chat bi men thuy phan tao mot phenol goi la paeonol C9 H O3 ; co paeoniforin, tinh dau 0,15-0,4%, hpp chat sterol, glucose, arabiose, alcaloid va saponin - Tac dung sinh hoc + Mau don bi co tac dung dp tren dong vat thi nghiem Tac dung chat paeonol gay Co the tiem tinh mach vdi lieu 80mg-120mg/kg the cho ; hodc cho uong vdi lieu 0,15-lg/kg the trong, tri lieu tuan ; tac dung huyet ap ro ret Ngoai mau don bi cdn co tac dung gay sung huyet tuf cung ; tir diTa lai cong ndng dieu kinh cho vi thuoc 91 + Mau dcfn bi co tac dung tfc che nhieu loai vi khuan : TrUc khuan mu xanh, dai tr&ng, tu cau vang, tnic khuan thuong han, thudng him va mot so nam - Cong dung Mau don bi dupe dung de tri b^nh tang huyet dp dac biet tang huyet ap gan ; benh xo cUng dong mach day m a t ; tang nhan ap Mau don bi dupe dung de chtfa cac benh chay mau nhu chay mau cam, tri huyet non mau Do cong nSng hoat huyet nen dupe dung de dieu hoa kinh nguyet, cac benh be kinh tich huyet, dau xUOng cot ma mo hoi khong thoat dupe - Chu y : Can phan biet vi mau don bi vdi re cay hoa mau don thudng or cac chua chien, lay hoa thd cung NGAI TU0NG (BINH VOI) Stephania rotunda Lour Ho Tiet de - Menispermaceae - Dac diem thtfc vat La day leo mau xanh La hinh khien, moc sole ; doi tron hay bau due Hoa nho moc tan Hoa due cai khac goc Qua hinh cau ; chin co mau do, co hat Binh voi co cu rat to, vo thudng mau nau, xu xi Cay binh voi thudng moc d vung nui da 92 voi, doi moc o ca dat bien la Hoa Binh, Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang - Bp phan dung Than cu - Turber stephaniae Rotundae - Thanh phan hoa hoc Trong cu cd chiia cac hpp chat ancaloid chinh nhir L.tetrahydropalm atin (rotundin), roem erin Ngoai mot so loai binh voi khac cd chila cac hpp chat cepharanthin, corytuberin, dicentrin, sinomenin, sinoacutin - Tac dung sinh hoc Ngai tiTpng cd tac dung huyet ap, an than, keo dai giac ngu cua chuot dung kem vdi thuoc ngu loai bacbituric Roemerin mot phan ngai ti/png co tac dung gay te niem mac, an than, gay ngu, gian mach va huyet ap - Cong dung Ngai ti/png co tac dung an than, dung cho ngirdi mat ngu, neu mat ngu lau dung kem vdi lac tien, tam lien Vdi ngirdi tang huyet ap, cd the ham ngai tirpng uong hang hoSc phoi hdp vdi cau dang thien ma, cuc hoa Ngoai dung tri benh dong kinh dien gian, ho hen, sot, dau bung, ly 93 - Chu y : + Do nhu cau dung ngai tupng c&ng nhieu nfin viec khai thac gan day rat ti?n ; dac bi?t ngudi dan tu khai thac de ban nUdc ngoai ; do can phai co ke hoach bao ve va tai sinh cho cay thuoc + Khi dung can got bo vo ngoai thdi lat mong, phoi kho; hofic say kho (d nhi?t 70°C) dung can qua + Ngoai binh voi cdn dupe dung lam nguy&n lifu chiet xuat rotundin 1dm thuoc an than "Rotunda" NGHE RAM (RAU NGHE, THUY LIEU) Polygonum hydropiper L Ho Rau rdm - Polygonaceae - Dac diem thtfc v$t Nghe thuoc loai than thao, song hang nfim ; thudng tan lui vao mua dong, c&y cao khoang 50cm-lm phan nhieu canh La hinh m£c co cuong ngan ; be chia mong Hoa moc bong o dau canh hay ke la Cay moc hoang d bai hoang ven suoi, bd ruong khap noi nUdc ta • Bp phan dung Dung toan cay - Herba Polygoni hydropiperis c6 the dung tuoi hoac phoi kh6 94 - Thanh phan hoa h oc Cac hc/p chat flavonoid: Rutin, rhamnazin hyperin querectin, persicarin, isorhamnetin Ngoai co cac chat oxymetylanthraquinon, acid polygonic, polygopiperin, vitamin K - T ac d u n g sinh h oc + Rau nghe co tac dung huyet ap + Thong tieu + Nhuan trang + Tang co bop tuf cung chat polygopiperin + Giam tinh tham tang stfc chiu dang cua mach cac hap chat flavonoid nhu rutin, quercetin, vitamin K - C on g d u n g Dung nghe lam thuoc san da, cam mau dung de tri benh bang huyet, co the dung cao long :1 rdi uong theo giot 30-40 giot/ngay Ngoai cdn dung lam thuoc huyet ap, nhuan trang, thong tieu, chufa rdn cfin ; lay la taai rufa sach gia uong ni/dc cot, ba d&p vao nai ran can Cdn dung lam thuoc chufa giun Can phan biet vdi loai nghe ong (nghe trau) la to han, cd long bac, khong diipc dung vdi cong dung cua cay thuy lieu noi tren 95 NGl f U TA T Achyranthes bidentata Blume Ho Rau gien - Amaranthaceae ■ Dac diem thtfc v|it Cay thuoc thao, than manh, hai vuong Ld moc doi dai 5-12cm, rong 2-4cm phien 1a nguyen Hoa moc bong a dau canh, hodc ke 1a ; hoa moc hudng len phia tren, nhung qua hudng quay xuong dudi Qua nang, la bdc sot lai tao cdc mui nhon NgUU tat dupe a nhieu nai de lam thuoc - Bp phan dung Re - Radix Achyranthis bidentatae - Thanh phan hoa hoc Trong re ngtfu tat co saponin tritecpenic, phin genin la acid oleanolic Ngoai co ecdysteron, inokosteron, cac chat diTdng galactose, rhamnose, glu cose va muoi kali - Tac dung sinh hoc + NgUU tat co tdc dung huyet dp vai dong vat da gay me + Ha cholesterol mdu 96 + Tac dung lpi tieu, lam giam sufc co bop cua tim ech co lap, tic che co bop cua ta trang + Co anh huting den sufc co bop cua tuf cung mot so dong vat thi nghiem ; song khong on dinh • C on g d u n g Dung ngi/U tat de chtia benh tang huyet ap phoi hpp vdi tang ky sinh, hoa hoe, cau ddng thien ma Ngtiu tat di/pc dung de cholesterol mau tren lam sang ; tren 65% so benh nhan co cholesterol mau cao deu co tac dung giam tot NgiAi tat co tac dung lam giam ty le p/a lipoprotein mau ti 82% so benh nhan co ty le p/a lipoprotein mau cao Ngi/u tat dtipc dung de tri cac benh dau khtip cac khtip ltin bi viem nhir khtip goi, khtip khuyu tay va cdc khtip khac deu co hieu qua - Chu y + Can phan biet ngi/u tat vdi cay co xiftic (A.aspera) hay cbn goi la ngdU tat nam, cay n&y moc hoang d nhieu ndi, co hinh dang giong ngtiti tat, song re nho hon, nhan dan cung dung re cay nay, doi ca cay de chufa phong thap dau nhtic xiTdng cot ; co the dung re cay de chufa benh bach hau bdng cach lay re ngam vao rtidu ; dung rtipu nho true tiep vao nhtfng mang gia tao benh bach hau or hong 97 NHAU Morinda Citrifolia L Ho Cd phe - Rubiaccae - Dac diem thtfc vat Cay thuoc loai cay nhd cao 5-9m than nhdn, mpc hoang noi am thap ; canh to La moc doi hinh bau due rong co mui nhon ng£n dai 12-30cm, rpng 6-15cm bong loang Hoa trdng hpp dau, diidng kinh 2-4cm Qua nac, gom nhieu qua mong nho mau vang nhat bong Ruot qua co mot ldp com mem chinh giufa co mot nhan cuTng Cay mpc nhieu a mien Nam ni/dc ta • B q phan dung Re, qua la vo cay - Radix, semen, folium et cortex Morindae Citrifolidae - Thanh phan hoa hoc Re chufa anthraquinon, mot glycosid goi la morindin H on hpp anthraglycosid nhii dam nacantal, 1m eth oxy ru b ia zin , m orid on , l-oxy-2-3-dimetoxyanthraquinon, la chufa moridin - Tac dung sinh hoc + + + + 83 Ha huyet ap Nhuan trang nhe va ben Diu than kinh giao cam Lpi tieu - C on g du n g Re duac dung lam thuoc chufa tdng huyet ap Dao lay re rufa sach, thai phien, phoi hodc say kho, vang sdc hodc ham uong dudi dang che de chufa cao huyet ap Lieu dung hang 30-40g Moi lieu trinh tuan, sau nghi tuan lai tiep tuc vai ba lieu trinh nufa Nen theo doi thirdng xuyen huyet ap dieu tri Ngoai dung qua an de nhuan trang, tri ho hen, benh bach ddi cua phu nuf, gan day dung chufa dai dirdng La 1dm thuoc chufa ly, la chay, cam sot, hodc gia nat ddp vet thirong cho nhanh len da non Vo cay dung nau niTdc lam thuoc bo cho phu nuf sau de Ngirdi ta dung re lam thuoc chufa phong thap, dau nhufc gan xirong NHAN SAM Paxax ginseng C.A.Mey (P.schinseng Nees) Ho Ngu gia bi - Araliaceae - D ac d ie m thtfc vsjt Cay nhan sam la cay thao, song nhieu nam cao chiTng 0,6m La moc vong, cuong dai 1a kep gom nhieu ld chet moc hinh chan vit, cay mdi dirge mot tuoi thi chi co la vdi 1a chet, cay tuoi cung van chi co 1a kep nhi/ng co 1a chet, cay co tudi trd len thi cd 4-5 1a kep va so 1a chet se la 1a hodc 99 la Nhii vay co the cSn cijf vao so la tren cay co the biet tuoi cua nhan sam Cu cua nhan sam (tufc \A re nhan sam) thi/dng co hinh ngudi, vay ma no mang ten nhan sam Sam moc hoang d vung nui phia Bdc cua Trieu Tien, vung nui giap ranh vdi Nam Trieu Tien nhan sam m oc hoang cd ten khoa hoc Panax ginseng C.A.Mey, forma sylvestre chao ets Shih Cf Vi£t Nam, tren nui Ngoc Linh (khu 5) cung co moc mot loai sam vdi ten khoa hoc Panax Vietnamensis Ha et Grushv d nhieu ni/dc tren the gidi co sam nhi/ Trieu Tien ; d&c biet d Nam Trieu Tien (Han Quoc), Trung Quoc Loai nhan sam co ten khoa hoc Panax gin seng C.A.Mey, forma sativum chao et Shih / Hoa cua nhan sam cd mau xanh nhat Hoa di/dc dinh tren mot cum hinh tan moc d dau canh Qua mong hoi det ; chin cd mau do, chufa hat - Bp phan dung Re - Radix Ginseng - Thanh phan hoa hoc + Thanh phan quan va co gia tri nhat nhan sam la cac hop chat saponin tritecpenoid : Protopanaxadiol va protopanaxatriol + Cac hop chat vitamin nh6m B,B1,B2, cac phy tosterol 100 47 Rau ngo 15g Vo di/a hau 15g Hat tieu 4g Sdc uong 48 Linh chi l,5g-3g Nghien hot uong hodc ngam ri/au Tri cao huyet ap, tdng md mau Dau that mach vanh, nhip tim roi loan viem gan 49 Man kinh tuf 15g Cue hoa 15g Bac lOg Xuyen khung lOg Cau dang 20g Sdc uong 50 Linh chi Cam thao 6g 4g Sdc uong lan cuf 10 mot lieu trinh Co the tiep tuc uong mot thai gian 51 Hy thiem thao 400g Ha kho thao 400g Long dam thao 60g Nghien bot hoan vdi mat ong, moi lan uong 12g, 2-3 lan 152 52 Thien thao Kho dinh tra 12g 12g Ham uong 53 Ngifu tat Tat le Cau ddng 20g 20g 12g Sdc uong sang, toi 54 Dai diep (la bach dong nuf) Chi tuf 6g Sdc uong sang toi 55 Ddng long thao (co thorn bop-lu lu dufc) Khong ke lieu lifOng, sdc uong 56 Scfn tra ttfcfi 10 qua Dem son tra gia nat them 40g difdng Sdc uong 57 Cao ich mau (cao long); 2-3 lan, moi lan thia ca phe 58 Hoa hoe (sao vang) Ha kho thao 12g 8g Do 20g Sdc uong phong tri tdng huyet ap, dau dau dau lifng 59 R i ba gac, lam b