Handbook The Global History of Work Handbook The Global History of Work Edited by Karin Hofmeester and Marcel van der Linden ISBN 978-3-11-042835-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-042458-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-042470-6 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de © 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Cover image: Reciprocal labour: Winnowing rice grains, China c 1700 Source: Keng-tschi t’u, Ackerbau und Seidengewinnung in China; ein kaiserliches Lehr- und Mahnbuch Transl and ed by Otto Franke (Hamburg, 1913), plate 49, ill 1.20 Chinese woodblock edition, 1696 , © Walter de Gruyter GmbH Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Contents Karin Hofmeester and Marcel van der Linden Introduction Regions Christine Moll-Murata 2.1 China 15 Rana P Behal 2.2 South Asia 33 Bill Freund 2.3 Sub-saharan Africa 63 Rossana Barragán and David Mayer 2.4 Latin America and the Caribbean Bryan D Palmer 2.5 Canada and the United States Susan Zimmermann 2.6.Eastern Europe 111 131 Andrea Komlosy 2.7 Western Europe Touraj Atabaki 2.8 Iran (Persia) 83 157 181 Gavin D Brockett and Özgür Balklỗ 2.9 The Ottoman Middle East and Modern Turkey Types of Work Eric Vanhaute 3.1 Agriculture Ad Knotter 3.2 Mining 217 237 201 VI Contents Prasannan Parthasarathi 3.3 Textile Industry 259 Peter Cole and Jennifer Hart 3.4 Trade, Transport, and Services Therese Garstenauer 3.5 Administrative Staff 277 297 Labour Relations Karin Hofmeester 4.1 Introductory Remarks 317 Eileen Boris 4.2 Subsistence and Household Labour Christian G De Vito 4.3 Convict Labour 329 345 Rosemarijn Hoefte 4.4 Indentured Labour Patrick Manning 4.5 Slave Labour 377 Jan Lucassen 4.6.Wage Labour 395 363 Karin Hofmeester Attitudes To Work 411 Marlou Schrover Labour Migration 433 Marcel van der Linden Work Incentives and Forms of Supervision Organization and Resistance Marcel van der Linden 491 8.1 Mutualism 469 Contents Matthias van Rossum 8.2 Desertion 505 Sjaak van der Velden 8.3 Strikes, Lockouts, and Informal Resistance Marcel van der Linden 8.4 Trade Unions 551 Acknowledgments 571 Notes on Contributors Subject Index Index of Names 579 597 573 521 VII Karin Hofmeester and Marcel van der Linden Introduction The realization that we all live in the same world and that distant regions are interconnected has become increasingly common in recent times Communication satellites, the Internet, and mobile phones are daily reminders of this But our supermarkets, too, are proof: coffee from Central America, Vietnam, Indonesia, East Africa; wine from Chile, California, Australia, South Africa, and Italy But what we often fail to realize is that all these products are based on labour Somewhere in the world, miners are extracting from the earth the copper, iridium, and coltan that are required to manufacture our mobile phones Farmers and farm labourers are cultivating and producing the many types of food and drink we consume Indeed, numerous consumer products involve the combination of disparate work processes A simple pair of jeans, for example, is the result of a global division of labour: the soft cotton for the pockets might come from Benin, the harder cotton for the jeans themselves from Pakistan, zinc for the zipper from Australia, the blue dye from a German chemical plant, with the whole garment being finally assembled in a low-wage country – perhaps Tunisia The global economy is increasingly reliant on collaboration among workers who not know each other and who are not even aware of each other’s existence Very occasionally we are given a glimpse of that interconnectedness, as in 2013 when the collapse of Rana Plaza in Bangladesh gave us a chilling reminder that much clothing is produced in appalling conditions by women and children – and men of course – in poor countries Generally, however, we not dwell on such global connections, but more and more historians nowadays want to understand them What is the day-today reality for workers in various parts of the world, and how was it in the past? Under what conditions they work today and how did they work in the past? What is their remuneration for their backbreaking labour? What did they receive in the past? How can we characterize past and present relationships between men, women, and children? Did workers ever protest? If so, how did they express their disaffection? These and many other questions comprise the field of the global history of work – a young discipline that we should like to introduce with this handbook Of course, a great deal of research has already been carried out into the history of work – the roots of labour history go back to the nineteenth century.¹ However, earlier studies usually had clear limitations using a very restricted definition of “work” For example, the cleaning and cooking carried out by housewives was generally not Jan Lucassen, “Writing Global Labour History c 1800 – 1940: A Historiography of Concepts, Periods, and Geographical Scope”, in: idem (ed.), Global Labour History: A State of the Art (Bern, 2006), pp 39 – 89; Marcel van der Linden and Lex Heerma van Voss, “Introduction”, in: Lex Heerma van Voss and Marcel van der Linden (eds), Class and Other Identities: Gender, Religion and Ethnicity in the Writing of European Labour History (New York and Oxford, 2002), pp 1– 39 DOI 10.1515/9783110424584-001 590 Subject Index North America 2, 6, 10, 64, 84, 95, 111, 120, 123, 126, 157, 163, 228, 242, 250 f., 264, 330, 334, 337, 359, 383, 386, 390, 404, 407, 463, 497 North Atlantic 6, 84, 99, 160, 400, 407, 470, 562 f., 568 North India 39, 405 North Korea 462 Northumberland 4, 239 obrajes 87, 90 offices 298 – 300, 302, 304 f., 308 – 310, 472, 560 official 28, 34 f., 67, 92, 95, 166, 168, 205 f., 312, 364, 369, 385, 402, 446, 457, 502, 532, 535 – 537, 540, 543, 559 f oil 67, 96, 146, 161, 183, 185 f., 191 – 195, 233, 282, 287 f., 448, 457, 460, 535 oil industry 146, 183, 191 – 194, 448, 460 oil workers 193 f., 535 Oppenheim Collins 533 Organization of African Unity 313 organized labour 75, 140, 188 – 190, 194, 202, 453, 456 orientalism 164 Ottoman Empire 145, 162 f., 165, 171, 181, 183, 185, 187, 192, 201 – 214, 260 – 262, 267, 272, 284, 289, 298, 302 f., 407, 426, 454, 540 overseeing 474 – 476, 540 ownership 67, 98, 225, 232, 250, 286 f., 290, 317, 321, 326, 337, 364, 395, 511, 529 Pacific Islands 367 f Pakistan 1, 33, 48 – 51, 55 – 57, 272, 442, 547 Palermo Protocol 450 Palestine 207 palm oil 67, 233, 282, 288 Pan-African Congress 313 Papua New Guinea 482, 502 f Paris 24, 69, 120, 160, 455, 496, 500, 545 participation 28 f., 58, 73, 161, 174, 194 f., 219, 277, 305, 309, 335, 349, 523, 529, 545 paternalism 79, 250, 381, 384 patriarchy 18, 28, 30, 54, 58, 64, 78, 87, 181, 228 patrimonialism 298 – 300, 302, 307 f., 311 payment 4, 217, 273, 318, 363, 400 f., 405, 476, 478, 494, 498 f., 511 – 513, 516, 557 peasants 38, 57, 132, 137 – 139, 145, 150 f., 172, 217 – 229, 230 f., 233, 244, 246, 248, 261, 329, 331, 333, 336 f., 342, 379, 484 peasant labour 217, 229, 232 peasant movements 38, 97 peasant work 172, 220 f., 247 peasantization 217, 223, 225, 232 Pendleton Act 310 penitentiary 348 f., 352 f., 357 Pernambuco 90 Peronism 104 Persia, see Iran personal freedom 19, 502 Peru 84 f., 87 f., 90, 96, 101, 243, 247, 335, 337, 352, 363, 368 – 370, 547 petitions 541 Philippines 350, 429, 438, 440, 456 – 458, 567 Pidgiguiti 284 piece rates 326 f., 398 – 400, 406, 478 piece wages, see piece rates plantations 35, 42, 51 – 54, 67, 89 – 91, 93, 126, 143, 163, 247, 326, 373, 379, 381 f., 386, 470 f., 518, 526 Poland 135, 139, 140 – 142, 145, 147 – 149, 151, 153, 157, 165, 167 – 169, 171, 245, 249, 447, 461, 466, 526, 528 f., 535 police 73, 76, 122, 212, 288, 304, 312, 346, 371, 524, 529, 531 – 533, 536, 538, 543 policy makers 435 f., 438, 466 polygamy 63 populism 103, 105, 196, 223 ports 48, 96, 98, 281 f., 284, 289, 390, 443, 497, 515, 533 Portugal 65, 70, 74, 84 f., 88, 90, 93, 163 f., 245, 281, 317, 355 f., 379, 385 f., 390, 406 f., 411, 419, 435, 439, 441, 444, 454, 461, 465, 527, 541, 567 post-colonial era 97, 100, 107, 201, 336, 352, 377, 382 post-independence era 49 – 51, 55 – 58, 352 post-revolutionary period 185, 195 f post-war period 41, 73, 101, 196, 256, 272, 383, 461, 465, 543, 564 Potosí 86, 94, 241 f., 244, 420 poverty 45, 49, 55, 78, 104, 106, 120 f., 169, 185, 188, 192 f., 196, 218 f., 229, 233 f., 267, 282, 342, 402, 413 pre-industrial period 38, 184, 260, 262, 264, 269, 272, 289, 418, 420, 422, 483 f Subject Index precariousness 76, 78, 83, 95, 100, 106, 158, 166, 169, 177, 224, 233, 277 f., 287, 290, 293 f., 390 prejudice 6, 318 private property 227 privatization 29, 56 f., 157, 314, 529 pro-market reforms 56 f producer cooperative 485 f product chain production processes 9, 225, 242, 261, 264, 529 professionalization 304, 518, 559 f profitability 94, 291, 370, 377, 385, 387, 439, 444 profits 64, 68, 76 f., 79, 126, 181, 238, 241, 262, 264, 286 – 288, 334, 382, 384, 396, 401, 426, 440, 447, 471, 478, 496 profit maximization 92, 230, 278, 311 profit rate, see profitability profit sharing 398 f., 478 proletarian 37, 51, 113, 174, 219, 232, 237, 257, 491 proletarianization 22, 30, 37, 125, 137, 219, 232, 238, 244, 246, 257, 422, 513, 552 proletariat 53, 58, 76, 101, 150, 244, 279, 318, 378 property rights 125, 232 prostitution 2, 20, 99, 195, 340, 448, 450 f protest 1, 22, 38, 50, 189, 195, 273, 338, 371, 411, 527, 529 f., 538, 541, 551, 553 – See also resistance proto-industry 15 – 17, 87, 246, 260 f., 334, 339, 407, 473 public administration 297 f., 303, 306 f., 309 f Puerto Rico 89, 91, 92, 337, 390 Pullman boycott 283 Pullman Palace Car Company 527 punishment 325, 345 – 354, 356 f., 359 f., 404, 478, 501, 511, 516, 534 punitive pluralism 351 push-and-pull paradigm 444 Qajar dynasty 182 Quazvin 181 Qin dynasty 300, 406 Qing dynasty 16, 20 f., 261, 264, 300 f., 325, 336, 355, 406 f race 591 53 f., 75, 99, 116, 119 – 121, 160, 184, 249, 284, 290, 372, 382, 527, 555, 559 racism 42, 74, 279, 305, 364, 372, 374, 377, 380 f., 533 radicalism 137, 254, 267, 279 f radicalization 255, 360 railways 23, 48, 68, 74, 132, 283 f., 286 f., 527, 557 railway workers 23, 74, 283 f., 527 Raniganj 253 rank 41, 98, 246, 299 f., 307 f., 513, 534, 556, 558, 560 f., 567 Rasht 181 rationalization 53, 132, 158, 172 f., 253 raw materials 68, 171, 259, 262, 312, 330, 378, 486 Real del Monte 87, 535, 536 rebellion 21, 137, 371, 382, 411, 498, 521, 528, 548 reciprocal labour 321 f., 405, 413, 420 recruitment 24 f., 37, 49, 86, 88, 95 f., 120, 123, 125, 138, 192 – 194, 219, 243 – 249, 253, 268, 300, 302, 309 – 311, 313, 365 – 369, 371 – 374, 377 – 379, 424, 440, 442, 446, 448, 450, 452 f., 455 f., 458, 460 – 463, 474, 484, 510 f., 514 f., 518, 562 Red International of Labour Unions (RILU) 564 reforms 56, 75, 98, 148, 250, 302, 308, 310, 337, 372, 507, 568 refugees 435, 437, 464 regulation school 227 religion f., 37 – 39, 41, 50, 79, 120, 181, 184, 194 f., 202 f., 206, 209, 214, 217, 279, 291, 302, 325, 346, 363, 389 f., 412 f., 415, 419 f., 422 f., 426, 435 f., 458, 497, 554 f., 559, 566 remuneration 1, 4, 21, 304, 318, 321, 324, 326 f., 395, 397 – 400, 402 repartimiento 86 f resistance 11, 42 f., 46, 53, 56 f., 71, 74, 90, 93, 111, 121 f., 125 f., 151, 192, 196, 205 f., 208, 223, 225, 233, 241, 259, 267 – 269, 312, 332, 337 f., 371, 387, 440, 479, 505 – 570 retail workers 99, 290, 292 f., 533 return migration 145, 458 f., 464 Réunion 363, 446 revolts 64, 71, 91, 92, 97, 105, 132, 194, 196, 204, 238, 311, 477, 484, 527, 528, 530, 535 f., 539 592 Subject Index revolutions 91, 92, 93, 98, 105, 137, 138, 146, 147, 162, 181 – 185, 187, 194 f., 233, 256, 280, 284, 301, 380, 382, 383, 464, 521 f., 566 See also Russian Revolution rewards 300, 307, 478 Rhodesia 69, 242 rickshaws 3, 282 rights 24, 27, 29, 50, 57, 64, 75, 149, 196, 208, 210, 279, 292, 305, 333, 337 f., 358, 364, 372, 408, 434, 453, 463, 465 f., 471, 480, 511, 515 f., 526, 531, 552, 566 Rio de Janeiro 90, 98 f., 282, 382, 390, 476, 494 Rochester 43, 65, 75, 232, 289 f., 324 Roman Empire 163, 304, 421, 444, 525 Romania 132, 141, 148, 157, 466 Rome 77, 341, 414, 525 Roorki 34 rosca 493 – 495, 500 f rotation 241, 302, 309, 491 – 494, 497 – 500, 529, 556 Rotterdam 443 rubber 34, 51, 96, 282, 363, 367 rules 4, 42, 168, 225, 227, 298 – 300, 302, 307, 310, 318 f., 334, 345, 369, 397, 403, 478 – 482, 484 f., 487, 491, 497, 500 f., 553, 560 runaways, see desertion rural regions 19, 225, 231, 513 rural society 225, 232 rural ties 44, 53 Russia 25, 133 – 137, 139 – 144, 146 f., 151, 153, 160, 166, 169, 182 f., 185 – 187, 229, 239, 247, 249, 298, 307 f., 318, 322, 325, 356, 387, 407, 417, 419, 433, 447, 459, 464, 466, 528 Russian Revolution 186 f., 192, 308, 528 saam 492 f Safavid Empire 181, 184 Sahara 63, 65, 77, 281, 388, 444 Salaries, see wages Samsun 208 San Francisco 24, 548 sanctions 364, 371 f São Paulo 93, 104 – 106, 337, 383, 385, 388, 390, 535 scheduled demand 491, 501 scientific management 310, 400 Scotland 239 f., 245, 256, 267, 272, 335, 455, 530 secessio plebis 525 second serfdom 141 f., 169, 171, 406 second slavery 92 f., 171, 391 security 27, 65, 79, 167, 176, 287, 293, 302, 304 f., 313, 336, 440, 497, 500, 516, 541, 565 self-employment 45, 83, 95, 99 f., 107, 159, 217 f., 224, 233, 237 f., 241, 288, 317, 322, 325, 329, 338, 405, 407, 485, 551 self-exploitation 334, 337 Senegal 9, 67, 69, 73, 77, 79, 499, 529, 544 serfdom 87, 142 f., 145 f., 148, 159, 171, 239 f., 333, 384, 397, 407, 427 servant 47, 317, 428, 515 service labour 289 service sector 3, 158, 339, 567 services 3, 49, 76, 78 f., 85, 88, 90, 100, 107, 150, 220 f., 250, 277 f., 282, 286, 289, 292 – 294, 304, 306, 312 f., 318, 320, 324 – 327, 331, 334, 340, 342, 368, 403, 428, 441, 457, 472, 474, 478, 556, 559 settlement 74, 146, 148, 224, 230, 363, 372, 439, 464 sexes 57, 72, 259, 264 f., 273, 331, 333, 335 f., 339, 342, 386, 451, 472, 511 Shandong 22 Shanghai 9, 22, 28, 140, 146, 282 f., 554 Shanglin 29 ships 5, f., 75, 90, 279, 364, 367, 380, 404, 443, 515 f shipping company 42, 443, 451, 453, 518 Shiraz 181 Sholapur Assam 35 shokubun 427 Siberia 141, 146, 148, 228, 356 sick leave 398, 539 Sierra Leone 74, 77 Silver 86, 87, 162, 181, 237, 270, 405 silver mining 86, 90, 241 f., 420, 526 Singapore 282 f., 341, 456, 492, 547, 557 sit-down strikes 529 Six Companies 24 skilled labour 3, 71, 73, 75, 134, 139, 141, 147, 157, 169, 208, 244, 263, 265, 283, 288 f., 368, 398, 452, 455, 460, 465 f., 472, 479, 510, 562 Subject Index skills 68, 73, 79, 161, 163, 167, 192, 213, 238, 244, 250, 291, 300, 302, 307, 319, 336, 427, 455, 462 f., 472, 476, 485, 517 slaves f., 24, 64, 66 f., 89 – 93, 95 f., 99, 126, 161, 163 f., 171, 202 f., 290, 317, 324, 331, 338, 363 f., 367, 374, 377 – 382, 384 – 389, 391, 398, 402, 405 – 407, 411, 420, 444 f., 447, 451, 470 f., 475 f., 480, 508, 512, 527 slave labour f., 90 f., 95 f., 126, 171, 202 f., 364, 377 – 380, 382, 388 f., 391, 398, 405 – 407, 420, 444, 508 slave markets 290 slave revolution 91 slave trade 9, 24, 35, 65, 89, 91, 93, 99, 161, 163, 331, 363 f., 367, 378, 380 – 385, 387 – 390, 402, 407, 444, 450 Slovenia 145, 567 small business 290, 293 smallholding 95, 97, 138, 370 social democracy 190 social history 17, 37 f., 41, 49, 87, 111, 133 – 135, 137, 191 – 194, 201 – 204, 290, 379, 383, 390 social identity 193, 418 social movement 47, 98, 105 f., 123, 161, 176, 230, 257, 280, 382 f., 387, 528, 567 social question 170, 543 social reform 35, 193 social reproduction 149 – 153, 341 socialism 15, 22, 24, 27 f., 30, 56, 98, 101, 104, 113, 115, 132 – 135, 140, 147 – 151, 157 f., 166, 168 f., 187, 190, 197, 210, 225, 229, 231, 339 f., 348, 354, 396, 483, 518, 543 Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade 380 sociology 104, 122, 213, 222 solidarity 29, 39, 50, 53, 57, 158, 193, 209, 211, 223, 269, 283, 339, 478, 502, 523, 538 f., 562, 567 Somalia 79 South Africa 1, 24 f., 30, 62 f., 67, 69 – 71, 73 – 76, 79, 163, 242, 245 f., 286, 290, 293, 337, 364, 456, 532, 535, 547, 567 South America 97, 311, 322, 416, 451, 547 South Asia 9, 33 – 61, 261, 272 f., 280, 325, 439, 474, 536 South-eastern Europe 131 f., 135 f., 139, 163, 165 593 South India 39, 42, 51 f., 264 f., 268 f South Korea 228, 567 South Sudan 63 Southern Rhodesia 69, 73 f., 242, 246 Soviet Union (USSR) 113 f., 130, 133 – 136, 139, 147 f., 150 f., 166, 188, 192, 233, 308, 350, 354 f., 396, 402, 407, 433, 447, 463 – 466, 479, 483, 568 See also Russia Spain 62, 96, 149, 163 f., 305, 332, 346, 379, 381, 446, 461 f., 529, 541, 546, 567 Spanish Empire 87, 90 f., 95, 311 specialization 4, 310, 333 spinners 9, 261, 264, 266, 272, 455 sprouts of capitalism 15 Sri Lanka, see Ceylon St Kilda 335 Stalinism 135, 151, 186, 188 f., 348 state industry 177 state servants 303 f state socialism 132 f., 135, 137, 139 – 141, 147 – 153, 157, 168, 170, 177, 483 status 19, 39, 45, 50, 64, 87, 98, 133, 140, 150, 159, 166, 168, 176, 181 f., 188, 195, 223, 228, 243, 245, 268, 284, 287, 348, 357, 371, 379 f., 387, 411, 421, 424 f., 428, 447, 464, 479, 527, 559 steel industry 41, 75, 126, 461, 471, 482, 538 strikes 9, 23, 27, 34, 35, 40, 41, 45, 49, 56, 57, 70, 71, 74, 75, 87, 90, 105, 116, 118, 119, 120, 140, 151, 153, 176, 184, 192, 195, 206, 207, 230, 237, 242, 254, 255, 256, 259, 269, 270, 273, 283 – 285, 288, 289, 371, 382, 390, 476, 494, 516, 521 – 530, 531 f., 534 – 538, 540 – 548, 551 – 558, 561 – 563, 565, 567 Subaltern Studies group 38 subaltern workers 219, 349 subcontracting 224, 238, 241, 248, 257, 326, 397, 399, 474, 555 subsistence 44, 83, 87, 95, 97, 149 – 151, 159, 168, 176, 217 – 219, 221 – 224, 229, 232 f., 246 f., 261, 305, 324, 329 – 339, 341 f., 363, 416, 429, 484 subsistence agriculture 95, 97, 151, 218, 246 f subsistence labour 149 – 151, 329 f subsistence production 217, 219, 232, 329 – 344 Sufi 426 594 Subject Index sugar 9, 24, 55, 64, 67, 89 – 92, 95 f., 126, 161, 171, 233, 338, 363, 368, 374, 383, 385, 387, 471, 476, 484 sugar market 363 sugar plantations 24, 67, 89, 91, 338, 363, 374, 471 summás 138, 152 supervision 11, 365, 398, 400, 473, 475 f., 486 supranational institutions 567 Suriname 364, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 372, 373, 374, 445, 446, 454, 456, 499 surplus 121, 217, 219, 221 f., 331, 334, 336, 338, 340 f., 360, 384, 476, 496 Sweden 172, 207, 239, 356, 521, 546, 563 Switzerland 302, 562 Sydney 24 Tahuantinsuyu 299 Taiwan 22, 325, 567 Tamils 54 Tanga 533 Tanzania 63, 74 f., 287, 333 task-orientation 484 tax farming 299 taxation 68 f., 158, 217, 219, 232, 297, 299, 303, 307, 311, 551 taxonomy of labour relation 8, 11, 176, 217, 317, 319, 320, 321, 349 taxonomy of labour conflicts 523, 524 tea 34, 35, 37, 42, 46, 48, 51, 56, 233, 474 technology 22, 53, 79, 92, 94, 104, 161, 172 f., 183, 226, 230, 272, 277 f., 281 f., 285 – 287, 306, 310, 338, 340, 419, 436, 452, 472 teleconnections teleology 37, 39 f., 184, 197, 223, 229 f., 261, 374 Tenessee 249 territory 2, f., 41, 69, 84, 86, 97, 125, 131, 135 f., 139, 145, 158, 182, 189, 204, 228, 234, 249, 303, 334, 346, 367, 369 f., 425, 447, 513 textile industry 18, 36, 40, 45, 49, 147, 194, 250 f., 384, 400 textile manufacturing 259 – 264, 267, 270, 272 f., 484 textile workers 10, 39, 100, 259 – %%%275, 526, 564 Thailand 5, 439, 547 Thessalonika 208, 214 Third Front 26 Third World 329, 331 f., 342, 565 threats 498 f., 557 time discipline 470, 484 time-management 482 time-obedience 487 time-wages 244, 322, 398 – 400, 406 tin mining 69, 72, 237, 238, 243, 247 f., 256 tobacco 203, 208, 209, 282, 337, 367, 385, 387, 471 Tokugawa 419, 427, 485 Tokyo 24, 285 tools 3, 9, 138, 176, 192, 220, 237, 423, 465, 525, 535 trade 7, 10, 58, 63 – %%%66, 77, 86 f., 93, 146, 161 – 164, 167 f., 170 f., 181 f., 189, 233, 241 f., 259 – %%%261, 270, 272 f., 277 – %%%295, 325, 365 – 368, 373, 411 f., 424 f., 428 f., 443, 446, 449, 454, 456, 458 f., 517 See also slave trade trade routes 281 trade unions 6, 28, 30, 35, 37, 40 f., 47 – 51, 53 f., 56 f., 59, 74, 103, 105 f., 116, 123, 140, 164, 189 f., 193, 212, 238, 254, 269, 272, 390, 396, 399, 403, 487, 524, 533 f., 551 – 558, 561 – 570 trading blocs 566 transnational history transnational turn 123 transport 34, 64, 68, 70, 72, 90, 92, 96, 116, 145, 237, 239, 244, 253, 277 – 282, 284 – 289, 293 f., 363, 365, 367 f., 374, 443, 446, 452, 507, 517, 563 transport workers 34, 281, 285 f transportation 125, 204, 239, 277 f., 281, 285 – 287, 289, 345 f., 350 f., 355 f., 369, 450, 453 tributary labour 321 f., 325, 349, 427 Trinidad 364, 366 f., 373, 446 truck system 395, 401 Tsarism 141, 148, 151, 182 f., 185 – 187, 192, 355 Tuareg 414 Tudeh Party 188 f Turkey 32, 130, 158, 180, 183, 185, 187 f., 200 – 215, 272, 317, 462, 527, 547 Subject Index Ukraine 130, 138, 148, 165 f., 246, 248 f., 466 unemployment 28, 76, 106 f., 121, 158, 169, 252, 263, 268, 323, 326, 373, 403, 408, 492, 496, 498 f., 530, 555 unfree labour 2, 19, 33, 46, 65, 83, 87, 116 f., 141, 143 f., 203, 221, 242, 247, 257, 282, 321, 325 f., 333, 350, 364, 407, 411, 416, 428 f., 447, 469 f., 477 United Kingdom (UK), see Britain United Nations 79, 218, 313, 342 United States of America (USA) 6, 16, 41, 91 f., 101, 106, 119 – 129, 160, 163 f., 185, 190, 197, 244, 248, 250, 266, 272 f., 283, 285 – 289, 291, 298, 309 – 310, 339 f., 368, 380 – 382, 385, 387, 404, 461, 470, 472, 480, 494, 523, 527 f., 530 f., 536, 538, 544, 546, 552, 554, 564 university system 213 unrest 105, 137, 204, 361, 366, 371, 535 – 537, 539 unskilled workers 79, 134, 463, 566 unwaged workers 331, 339, 340 urban working class 95, 99, 100, 188, 204 urbanization 30, 76, 78, 97, 181, 183, 192, 407, 425, 427 uutgangen 526 Valladolid 379 Vancouver 24, 121 Venezuela 91, 101, 106, 337 Veracruz 90, 98 Vietnam 1, 168, 352, 382, 462, 463, 518, 536, 565 villages 7, 44, 138, 146, 150, 152, 172, 188, 193, 217, 220 – 224, 232, 248, 308, 428, 440, 495, 501, 566 Virginia 245 violence 66, 85, 94, 279, 341, 487, 498, 511, 522 – 524, 527, 532, 552 f., 558 voluntourism 451 wages 1, 27 – 29, 34, 49, 57 – 59, 69, 85, 87 f., 96, 106, 139, 145, 147 – 149, 151, 161, 190, 192, 204, 219, 245, 247 – 251, 266, 271, 273, 282, 286 – 293, 329 f., 332 f., 340, 342, 369 – 372, 378, 395 – 409, 412, 419, 430, 450, 478 f., 506, 512, 514, 523, 527, 531, 534, 537, 540 f., 552 f., 562 wage labour 2, 8, 10, 15 – 17, 30, 33, 44 – 45, 48, 68, 83, 87, 90, 98 f., 107, 122, 125, 136, 595 138, 142 f., 150, 152, 217 – 219, 223 f., 228 f., 233, 237 f., 241 f., 244 – 246, 257, 278, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288 – 291, 293 f., 318, 321 – 323, 326 f., 331, 333 – 335, 337 – 339, 345, 349, 361, 377 f., 380, 382, 395 – 409, 412, 417, 420, 422 f., 426 – 430, 469 – 471, 475, 479 f., 493, 510 – 514, 516, 523, 525, 528, 539, 551, 564 – 566 waitresses Wal-Mart 288 f., 291 f Wales 4, 158, 255 f war 19, 65, 69 f., 85, 101, 133, 165, 196, 249, 272, 301, 330, 345 f., 354, 398, 406, 453, 465, 522, 534, 538, 540, 553 weavers 9, 261, 264, 267 – 269, 271 weaving 5, 19, 26, 259, 263 f., 266 f., 271 welfare 24, 26, 35, 50, 57, 70, 74, 76, 149, 157, 221, 224, 250, 306, 383, 407 f., 542 welfare state 157, 306, 407 West Africa 63 – 66, 73 f., 165, 271, 280, 283 f., 336, 382, 384 – 386, 406, 429 West Germany 136, 166 f., 461 f West Indies, see Caribbean Western Europe 157 – 178, 224, 255, 262, 283, 298, 301, 303 – 307, 340, 359, 397, 406 f., 421, 435, 450, 453, 459 – 461, 463 white-collar worker 76, 284, 301 wildcat strike 533 – 536, 561 withdrawal of work 521 Witwatersrand Native Labour Association (WNLA) 245 women farmer 219 Women in Development (WID) 342 women worker 55, 58 f., 133, 140, 151, 251, 266 women’s labour 28, 139, 291, 320, 407 work places 209, 211 f., 402 work processes 1, 4, 8, 59, 398, 426, 508, 513, 518 work songs 413, 429 workforce 22, 28 f., 44, 56, 67 f., 78, 86, 89, 100, 134, 139, 146, 211, 217, 239, 247 f., 250, 266, 268, 291 – 293, 337, 346 f., 378, 391, 398, 407, 460, 472 f., 523 working class 6, 23, 33, 35 – 41, 43 – 45, 48 – 51, 53, 56 f., 66, 68, 99, 101, 103, 105 f., 111 – 115, 119 f., 122 – 126, 132 – 135, 141, 145, 184, 186 – 189, 191 – 193, 195 – 197, 201, 208 f., 211 – 213, 251, 267, 269 f., 596 Subject Index 278, 287, 291, 340, 342, 345, 349, 383, 498, 529, 543, 563, 567 working-class history 38, 111, 115, 125 f., 191, 278, 383 working conditions 9, 27, 57, 177, 186, 194, 219, 278, 288, 369, 374, 403, 411, 449, 507, 510 – 512, 514, 516, 537, 551, 558 working hours 4, 151, 190, 290, 318, 400, 407 f., 472, 527, 532, 541 workplace 28, 41, 49, 73 – 75, 114, 116, 118, 212 f., 254 f., 269, 290 f., 378, 469, 524 workshop 272, 317, 322 World Bank 57 f., 313, 329, 342 world history 7, 159, 202, 277, 510 world market 7, 26, 30, 83, 96, 142, 181 f., 232, 336 f., 557 world system 94, 142, 149, 159, 160, 162, 167, 277, 329 f., 458 World Trade Organization 15, 123 World War I 25, 70, 93, 132, 141, 145, 165, 183, 187 f., 194, 207, 243, 270, 272, 306, 311 f., 447 f., 453, 464, 545, 554, 563 World War II 2, 73, 75, 163, 188 – 190, 196, 210 – 212, 249, 272, 354, 382 f., 407, 447 f., 453, 466, 483, 530, 542, 545, 564 f Yazd 181 Years of Lead 462 yellow unions 554, 558 Yūaikai 559 Yugoslavia 136, 148, 149, 168, 169, 466 Zambia 29 f., 73, 77 f., 242, 255, 547 Zimbabwe 66, 74 f., 78, 246, 547 Zonguldak 205, 208, 210 Index of Names Abdullaev, Z.A 186 Abraham, Itty 436 Abrahamian, Ervand 181, 184 f., 190 f Absar, Syeda Sharmin 58 f Abu-Lughod, Janet 277 Acemoglu, Daron 94 Adams, Thomas 292, 459 Adkins, Lisa 341 Afacan, Serhan 194 Agha, Amir 196 Ahmad, Kamruddin 56, 424, 442 Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud 196 Ahmed, Mesbahuddin 55 f Ahuja, Ravi 34, 42, 428 f Akgöz, Görkem 210, 212 Al-Jāḥiẓ 424 Alatas, S.H 415, 429, 483 Alencastro, Luiz Felipe 390 Alexander, Robert J 101, 175, 245, 253, 309, 403, 532 Alexander the Great 405 Ali, Kamran Asdar 48 – 51, 75, 187 f., 210, 442 Allen, Robert 16, 33, 69, 111, 232, 493, 495 Allende, Salvador 105 Althusser, Louis 246 Ames, David 492 Amjad, Ali 50 Anderson, Clare 44, 47, 93, 113, 207, 351 f., 355 f., 434 Applebaum, Herbert 416, 487 Ardener, Shirley 497 – 499 Aristotle 379, 421 Arnesen, Eric 284 Arrighi, Giovanni 17, 277 Ashraf, Ahmad 185, 195 f Astrabadi-Fendereski, Mirza Abulqasem 184 Atabaki, Touraj 187, 189, 191 – 194, 207, 209, 484 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal 206, 208, 303 Atkins, Keletso T 430 Aufhauser, R Keith 471, 475 Avanesiyan, Ardashes 188 f Azimi, Fakhreddin 196 Babbage, Charles 399 Babcock, Robert 123 Bachelet, Michelle 106 Baldamus, Wilhelm 477 Balklỗ, ệzgỹr 210, 212 Balsoy, Gỹlhan 209 Banerji, Sasipada 35 Bao Qiaoni 25 Baptist, Edward E 126 Barragán, Rossana 86, 241 Barkan, Ömer Lutfi 202 Barker, E.R 227, 478 f Barry, Herbert, III 336 Barzel, Yoram 476 Basu, Subho 41 Bayat, Asef 195 Bayly, C.A 277 Bearnot, Edward 57 Beckert, Sven 9, 115, 124 – 126, 175, 232 f., 270, 336 – 338 Bedouin, Arab 424 Behal, Rana P 33 f., 42, 44, 46 f., 573 Beinin, Joel 207, 273, 528 Bender, Daniel E 94, 119 f Bennholdt-Thomsen, Veronika 160, 329 – 331, 333, 341 f Benson, Susan Porter 290 Bentley, Philip 279, 541 f., 576 Berg, Maxine 76, 243, 262, 264 f., 268 f., 301, 314, 475, 497 Bergholm, Tapio 285 Bergquist, Charles 101, 123 Berlanstein, Lenard R 113 f Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi 33, 41, 45 – 47, 150, 484, 510 Bierwisch, Manfred 417, 423, 427 Blackburn, Robin 91, 471, 475 Blanc, Louis 399 Blassingame, John 383 Blaut, Jim Bloch, Marc 506 Bodnar, John 438 Boll, Friedhelm 545 Bonacich, Edna 289 Boris, Eileen 330 Boserup, Ester 16, 63, 230, 329, 342 Bossen, Lauren 18 f Bovenkerk, Frank 449, 464 Bradford, Helen 71 Brandini, Ciuto 551 Braudel, Fernand 92, 97, 159 f., 191, 225, 227, 289, 330, 387, 391, 546 598 Index of Names Breman, Jan 40, 42, 45 f., 232, 282, 558 Brennan, James 83 f., 101, 105, 107, 530 Bright, Rachel 25 Brinkmann, Tobias 443 Brockett, Gavin 207, 209 Brockhaus, Christian 477 Brook, Timothy 7, 380 Brown, John 68 f., 72, 100, 125, 241, 255, 352, 471 f., 493, 540 f Brunnbauer, Ulf 144 – 146, 148, 171 Bulmer, Martin 87, 96, 250 f Bunji, Suzuki 559 Burawoy, Michael 73, 476, 480, 483, 487 Burch, Noël 279 Cole, Peter 116 Coleman, D.C 261 Collins, Jane 329, 533, 555 Columella, Lucius Iunius Moderatus 540 Commons, John 117, 127, 552 f Conrad, Robert 165, 385 Cooke, Bill 471 Cooper, Frederick 64, 68, 74, 232 f., 280, 284, 286, 298, 386, 487 Cowie, Jefferson 113, 123 Cowley, Malcolm 383 Craton, Michael 387 Cronin, Stephanie 189, 195 Curtin, Philip 383 f Calvin, John 421 Calvo, Alex 25 Campbell, Alan 33, 65 f., 111, 240, 256 Canbakal, Hülya 204 Candland, Christopher 50 Cantin, Étienne 336 Cárdenas, Lázaro 103 f Carlson, Keith Thor 121 Cartier, Michel 416 f Castles, Stephen 435 Catherine II 308 Çetinkaya, Y Doğan 208 Chakrabarty, Dipesh 35, 37 – 41, 553 Chakraborty, Titas 505 Chan, Anita 27 – 29, 528 Chandavarkar, Rajnarayan 35, 39 – 42, 45, 263, 269 f., 272, 474 Chandler, Alfred 311, 470 Chaqueri, Cosroe 197 Charles V 379 Chase, William 217, 219, 477 Chattopadhyaya, Haraprasad 52 – 54 Chávez, Hugo 106 Chayanov, Alexander V 220, 223, 229, 318, 334 Chesneaux, Jean 26, 280 Chevaleyre, Claude 19 f Church, Roy 120, 254 f., 326 Clarence-Smith, W.G 388 Clark, Gracia 73, 117, 252, 285, 287, 306 Clarkson, Thomas 380 Coates, Tim 355 f Cobble, Dorothy Sue 119, 291 Cobley, Alan Gregor 280 Cole, James 20 Dandamaev, Muhammad A 405 Danks, Noblet Barry 536 Darby, Paul 456 Dasgupta, Ranajit 37 f Davies, Sam 10, 71, 75, 281, 564 f Davis, Angela 338 f., 360 Davis, David Brion 94, 383 Debouzy, Marianne 291 Debs, Eugene V 283 Defoe, Daniel 271, 496 Della Costa, Mariarosa 340 Delphy, Christine 340 Deng, Kent 16 Dennison, T.K 142 f Dever, Maryanne 341 De Vito, Christian 171, 345 – 350, 353 – 356,358, 360, 444 Diouf, Sylviane 389 f Dirlik, Arif 22, 26 f Domar, Evsey 384 Donnan, Elizabeth 381 Dowlatabadi, Mahmoud 197 Driesen, Ian vanden 52 Drucker, Peter 292 Du Bois, W.E.B 381 – 383 Duncan, James 53, 73 Dutt, Rajani Palme 37 Duval, David Timothy 459 Eberstein, Bernd 20 Ebrey, Patricia 300 Ehmer, Josef 175, 414, 416, 418 f Ehsani, Kaveh 191, 193 f El Hamel, Chouki 390 f Eley, Geoff 114 Index of Names Elias, Norbert 358 f Elkins, Stanley 383 Elster, Jon 502 Eltis, David 85, 363, 387, 389 Enderle-Burcel, Gertrude 168 Engels, Friedrich 111, 197, 329, 331 – 333, 339, 522 Engels, Johannes 419 Engerman, Stanley 95, 363, 384 f Ewald, Janet 388 Eyferth, Jacob 26 Fage, John 384 Fang Zhuofen 16 Faroqhi, Suraiya 202, 302 Faue, Elizabeth 114 Faussette, Risa L 280 Federici, Silvia 331 – 333, 339 f Ferenczi, Imre 453 Feys, Torsten 443 Fidler, Ceri-Anne 439 f Fink, Leon 115 – 117, 121, 123 f Finley, Moses I 383, 421, 539 f Floor, Willem 185 – 187, 190, 192 Fogel, Robert William 385, 388 Ford, Henry 291, 400, 455, 482, 567 Fortunati, Leopoldina 340 Foucault, Michel 226, 262, 352, 358 f., 434, 470, 518, 525 Fourier, Charles 399 Fowler, Alan 265 f Franco, Francisco 256, 290, 461 Frank, Andre Gunder 27, 73, 85, 105, 162, 171, 224, 241, 352, 358, 454 Franzosi, Roberto 542 f Frazier, E Franklin 382 Freedman, Alisa 220, 285, 494 French, John 83, 101, 107 Freund, Bill 66, 69, 72, 75, 77, 243, 248 Freyre, Gilberto 381 f Friedman, Ellen 29, 74 Friesen, Leonard G 138 Fuente, Alejandro de la 390 Gandhi, Mohandas 373 Ganguly, Dwarkanath 35 Garfield, James A 310 Gates, Hill 18 f., 30, 118 Gaulle, Charles de 534 Gemery, Henry 384 599 Genovese, Eugene 112, 163, 384, 505, 526 Gentes, Andrew A 355 f Germani, Gino 104 Gevorkyan, Aleksandr V 144, 146 Ghit, Alexandra 131 Gibson, Mary 348, 351, 353, 358 Gimenez, Martha 329 Godelier, Maurice 416 Golestan, Ebrahim 197 Gooptu, Nandini 39, 46 Gordon, George J 29, 72, 310, 439, 571 Goulart, Mauricio 383 Gramsci, Antonio 27, 564 Gregory, James 25, 111 f., 118 Griffin, John I 544 Gunn, Christopher 486 Gustafsson, Bo 260 Gutman, Herbert G 111 – 113, 117, 120, 125, 385 Hakimian, Hassan 147, 186 Hall, F.S 538 Hall, Gwendolyn 388 Hall, Thomas D 234 Hall, Valerie 251 Hamilton, Shane 112, 288 Han Dongfang 28 Handlin, Oscar 438 Hansen, Lawrence 24, 73 Hansson, Anders 20 Hardinge, Lord 373 Hardt, Michael 506 Harriss-White, Barbara 46 Hart, Jennifer 286, 288 Hartman, P.T 542, 545 f Harvey, Geraint 288 f Hassan II 462 Hayami Akira 17 Haynes, Douglas 43, 45, 263, 272 Heidemann, Frank 52 Hellie, Richard 146, 387 Hensman, Rohini 46, 339, 341 Herskovits, Melville J 382, 492 Higman, B.W 337, 385 Hill, Christopher 191 Hill, Polly 72, 287 Hobsbawm, Eric 191, 220, 224, 230, 266, 269, 552 Hochschild, Arlie R 434, 458 Hoefte, Rosemarijn 363, 445, 454 600 Index of Names Hoerder, Dirk 145, 147, 161, 171, 433, 441 f Hofmeester, Karin 21, 242, 317, 322, 349, 411 – 415, 419 f., 427 Hogendorn, Jan 384, 387 f Holmström, Mark 45 Hopkins, Terence K 160, 282 Hoven, Birgit van den 419 Huang, Philip 16, 341, 456 Hughes, Barry 451, 541 f Hunter, Janet 253, 264 – 266 Huntington, Samuel Hurst, William 27 – 30 Huxley, Aldous 176 Ibarz, Jordi 281 Iliffe, John 487, 497 İnalcık, Halil 202, 205 Inikori, Joseph 386 Inman, Mary 339 f Islamoğlu, Huri 202 Ivanov, Serguey 68, 144 Jackson, Andrew 287, 309, 350 Jafari, Peyman 194, 196 Jaffe, James 240 Jaffer, Aaron 42 f James, C.L.R 392 James, Daniel 101 f., 104, 108 James, Selma 340 Jankrift, Kay Peter 419 Jayaraman, R 52 Jayawardena, Kumari 52 f Jefroudi, Maral 193 f John, Angela 251 Johnson, Marion 64 f., 387 Johnson, Paul E 289 f Johnson, Simon 94 Johnson, Walter 126, 290 Joshi, Chitra 33, 36, 39 f., 44 f., 278, 282 Kabadayı, Erdem 203, 209, 213 f Kabeer, Naila 55, 58 Kamp, Jeannette 356, 505 f., 508 – 510, 514 f., 576 Katznelson, Ira 114 – 116 Kautsky, Karl 223, 229 Kazemi, Farhad 185 Keddie, Nikki R 48 f Kenny, Bridget 290, 293 Kerr, Clark 36, 254 f Kessler, Gijs 21, 150 f., 317, 322, 397, 402, 404, 574 Kessler-Harris, Alice 111, 113, 115, 119 f Keyder, Çaǧlar 289 Keyvani, Mehdi 184 f Khaksar, Nasim 197 Khaldūn, Ibn 426 Khallal, Abū Bakr al- 426 Khan, Ayub 49, 188, 414 Khatami, Mohammad 196 Khodadadeh, Ahmad Ali 188 King, Russell 464 Klein, Martin 64, 387 Knotter, Ad 244 – 246, 255, 460 f Knowles, K.G.J.C 355, 531, 533, 538 f Ko, Dorothy 18, 450 Koỗak, Hakan 211 Kocka, Jỹrgen 162, 168, 175 f., 415, 417, 419, 423, 428, 575 Kolchin, Peter 143 Komlosy, Andrea 149, 152, 157, 163, 170, 175 f Kondapi, Chenchal 52 Kopytoff, Igor 385 Kornblith, Gary J 121, 125 Kovisto, Mauno 466 Kriedte, Peter 147, 246 Krissman, Fred 440 Kuczynski, Jürgen 133 f., 576 Kula, Witold 142 Kumar, Radha 40, 44 Kurian, Rachel 52 – 55 Kuznetsova, N.A 185 Lackó, Miklós 134, 152 Ladjevardi, Habib 147, 189 Lahiri-Dutt, Kuntala 243, 251, 253 Laite, Julia 448 f Lambton, Ann 185 Landers, Jane 389 Landes, David 474 f., 487 Large, Stephen 28, 229, 238, 381, 460, 494, 514, 527, 558 f Larkin, Brian 79, 293 Las Casas, Bartolomé de 379 Latin America 6, 83 f., 86 – 107, 161 – 163, 176, 201, 218 – 220, 223, 230, 232 – 234, 241 – 243, 247, 282 f., 286 f., 311, 333, 337 f., 352, 356, 368, 386, 406, 433, 443, 461, 477, 530, 543, 565, 567, 575 Lefebvre, Henri 484 Index of Names Leibenstein, Harvey 477 Lenin, Wladimir Ilyich 132, 223, 229, 339, 464, 483 Leonhard, Jörn 413, 415, 417, 423, 430 Li Bozhong 16 f Li Ju 26 Li Lisan 23 Li Xiang 25 Li Zhixue 25 Lichtenstein, Nelson 76, 126, 249, 291 f., 345, 347 f., 350, 353 – 356, 358, 360, 444, 574 Liebknecht, Karl 527 Light, Ivan 229, 442 Lindquist, Johan 452 f Lindsay, Lisa 284 f Linebaugh, Peter 279 f Lis, Catharina 20, 175, 220 f., 239, 339, 401, 412 – 416, 418 – 422, 424 Liu Mingkui 23 Liu Shaoqi 23 Livingstone, David 380 Lobato, Mirta 99, 102, 104 Lockman, Zachary 193, 195, 207 Lokhande, Narayan Meghaji 35 Long, Edward 380 Lont, Hotze 499 Looijesteijn, Henk 413 f Louis XIV 390 Lovejoy, Paul 64, 386 – 389 Lucassen, Jan 1, 10, 22, 34, 45, 83, 117, 123, 133, 150, 160, 207, 239, 242, 283, 317 – 319, 322, 349, 389, 395 – 398, 400, 402, 404, 408, 422, 433, 436, 441, 454, 459, 510, 526 Lucassen, Leo 150, 160, 242, 317, 322, 389, 395, 398, 433, 436, 438, 453, 455, 505 Luther, Martin 119, 421 Luxemburg, Rosa 207, 404, 527, 529 Ma Li 25 Macdonald, Andrew 24 f MacDonald, John S 438 MacDonald, Leatrice D 438 Macintyre, Martha 243, 251, 253 MacLean, Nancy 119 Macnaughtan, Helen 264 – 266 Mahmoud, Ahmad 197 Mahmudi, Jalil 189 Malik, Anushay 50 f Maljoo, Mohammad 181, 191 601 Mani, Shokrollah 188 Mann, Michael 5, 18, 65, 137, 151, 449, 459 Manning, Patrick 386 – 389, 391, 436 Mannix, Daniel 383 Mao Zedong 23 Marglin, Stephen 262, 474 f Marquez, Benjamin 555 Marshall, Alfred 3, 307, 555 Martin, Gaston 10, 71 f., 77, 187, 256, 292, 381, 387, 437, 454, 526, 539 Marx, Karl 15, 101, 111, 114, 124, 132, 197, 221, 230, 318, 321, 329 f., 332 f., 342, 399, 469, 472, 522 Massey, Douglas 440, 461 Mathias, Regine 253, 413, 427 Mayer, David 103, 187, 244 McCall, Leslie 435 McCallum, Todd 121 McKeown, Adam 433 f., 443 f Medick, Hans 246, 334, 336 Meeteren, Nicolaas van 492 Meillassoux, Claude 64, 331, 335, 341, 385 Melossi, Dario 349, 357 – 359, 470 Mendels, Franklin 260 Meyer, John 481 Meyer, Stephen 118 Miers, Suzanne 65, 68, 385 Mies, Maria 160, 330 – 333, 341 f Mikhail, Alan 203 f Milakovich, Michael E 310 Miller, Joseph C 65, 102, 121, 243, 250, 289, 342, 386 f., 389 Mintz, Sidney 9, 91, 387 Mixius, Andreas 20 Moch, Leslie Page 145, 147, 171, 433, 441 Moghadam, Valentine M 195 Moghissi, Haideh 196 Mohapatra, Prabhu P 33, 46 f., 150, 411, 433, 447 Moll-Murata, Christine 16, 20 f., 317, 411 – 415, 419 f., 427 Monteiro, John 87 f., 90, 388 Montgomery, David 111 – 114, 120 Moore Jr., Barrington 36, 97, 222, 225, 477, 530 Moosvi, Shireen 413, 428 Morales, Evo 106 Morawska, Ewa 145, 171, 442 More, Thomas 176 Moreton, Bethany 291 f 602 Index of Names Morgan, J.P 243 Morgan, Kenneth 338 Morgan, Philip 337 Morgan, William A 338 Morris, Morris D 36 Mosher, Frederick 309 f Mudimbe, Valentin 63 Muhammad 424 Muhammad Ali 66 Mundle, Sudipto 46 Murmis, Miguel 104 Myint, Hla 384 Nacar, Can 208 – 210 Naguleswaran, P 52 Nair, Janaki 39, 41, 429 Napoleon I 304 Naughton, Barry 26 Negri, Antonio 506 Nieboer, Herman J 381 Nield, Keith 114 Nisbet, Robert Nuruzzaman, Mohammed Perry, Elizabeth 23 f., 113, 122 f., 257, 297 Pescatello, Ann 386 Peter I 307 Phillips, Ulrich B 116 f., 381, 383 f., 471, 544, 555 Plockhoy, Pieter 413 f Polanyi, Karl 183, 318 Pollard, Sidney 28, 469, 484 Pomeranz, Kenneth 16, 162, 239 Portantiero, Juan Carlos 104 Postel, Verena 419 Pot, Pol 407 Pouget, Emile 540 Prakash, Gyan 46, 414 Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph 491 Qasemi, Farhang 190 Qin Yucheng 24 Quataert, Donald 204 – 208, 212, 261, 263, 284, 289 56 f O’Brien, Patrick 16, 72, 160 Offe, Claus 175, 415, 417, 419, 423, 428, 433, 561 Ogilvie, Sheilagh 142 f Onselen, Charles van 69, 246 Ortiz Fernández, Fernando 381 Orwell, George 2, 252 Osterhammel, Jürgen 164 Othman, Norani 415, 429 Outram, Quentin 254 f Owen, Robert 75, 223, 399 Özden, Barış Alp 211 Ö zveren, Y Eyü p 289 Pach, Zsigmond Pál 142, 169 Palmer, Bryan D 111 – 114, 117, 120 – 123 Parthasarathi, Prasannan 34, 206, 262, 264 f., 267, 269 – 272 Patnaik, Utsa 46 Pavarini, Massimo 349, 357 – 359, 470 Peebles, Patrick 52 – 54 Pelckmans, Lotte 447 Pellat, Charles 425 Perkins Gilman, Charlotte 339 Perlin, Frank 261 Perón, Juan D 103 Raadschelders, Jos C.N 297 – 299, 303 – 307, 313 f Rafsanjani, Ali Akbar Hashemi 196 Ragatz, Lowell 381 Rahnema, Saeed 196 Randall, Adrian 268 Raynal, Guillaume-Thomas Franỗois 380 Raza, Ali 50 f Reagan, Ronald 118, 288 f Rediker, Marcus 279 f., 505 Rehman, Zia 57 Revel, Jacques 158 f Rhodes, Cecil 242 f Ripon, Lord 35 Roberts, M W 52, 118, 556 Roberts, Richard 68, 265 Robertson, Claire 64, 72, 285, 291, 387 Robinson, James 94, 226, 340 Rockefeller, John D 243 Rockel, Stephen 66, 282 Rodney, Walter 229, 385 Romero, Luis Alberto 99, 102 Rönnbäck, Klas 415, 429 f Rosen, Ellen 292 Rosenthal, Anton 285 f Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent 17 Ross, A.M 119, 124, 254, 287, 351, 542, 545 f Rowan, Brian 481 Roy, M.N 37, 43, 267, 474, 480 Index of Names Rule, John 239, 268 Rutgers, Mark R 299, 303 – 306 Sadeghi-Boroujerdi, Eskandar 181 Sahlins, Marshall 331, 335 Said, Edward 164, 171 Sa‘idi, Nasser 189 Saint-Méry, Moreau de 380 Sangster, Joan 113, 118, 120 f., 124 Sargon 405 Schattenberg, Susanne 308 Schendel, Willem van 436 Schlegel, Alice 336 Schloss, David F 396 – 400 Schlosser, Eric 291 Schmidt, Allison 443 Schmidt, Ariadne 420 Schmidt, Christoph 169 Schrover, Marlou 434 f., 438, 441 f., 444, 449 – 451, 455, 460, 465 Schwartz, Stuart 387 f Scott, James C 112, 228, 230, 505 – 507 Scott, Joan 113 Scott, John 348 Scott, Rebecca 92, 95 Seibert, Julia 430 Sekula, Allan 279 Sellin, Thorsten 357, 359 Selznick, Philip 480 Sen, Sukomal 37, 40, 43 f., 267, 474 Sewell, William 114 Shah, Reza 188 f., 194, 460 Shaheed, Zafar 48 f Shakespeare, William Shanin, Teodor 151, 220, 334, 336 Shatzmiller, Maya 411, 414, 421, 423 – 426 Sheriff, Abdul 387 Sherman, Taylor 351 f., 358 Shi Qi 16 Shorter, Edward 254 Sibalis, Michael 500 f Siegel, Abraham 254 f Siegelbaum, Lewis H 134 f., 147, 433, 453 Silva, Luís Inácio da (Lula) 106 Sio-ieng Hui, Elaine 26 f Slaten, Kevin 29 Smith, Adam 3, 9, 426 Smith, Mark 487 Smith, Steve 140, 146 603 Soly, Hugo 20, 220 f., 239, 400 f., 412 – 416, 419 – 422, 424 Sombart, Werner 115, 318 Southcott, Joanna 267 Spalding, Hobart 101, 567 Speranskiy, Mikhail 308 Spierenburg, Pieter 358 f Spittler, Gerd 414 f., 487 Stakhanov, Alexsei Grigoryevich 256 Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich 132, 140, 355, 407 Stampp, Kenneth 383 Stanziani, Alessandro 19, 142 f., 169, 508 Stapel, Rombert 317, 322 Stark, David M 390, 439 Steinmetz, Willibald 413, 415, 417, 423, 430 Stinchcombe, Arthur 473, 476 Stolcke, Verena 337 f Stretton, Hugh Stromquist, Shelton 283 Sturmthal, Adolf 561, 565 Sugihara, Kaoru 16, 17, 87, 162, 427 Süleyman the Magnificent 302 Sultanzadeh, A 187 f Sweet, James 121, 390 Szabó, István 138 Taghian, Ramin 147 Taghvai, Nasser 197 Tannenbaum, Frank 382 Taştan, Can 210 f Taylor, Frederick W 24, 214, 255, 351, 397, 400, 474, 482 f., 555 Teh, Limin 22 Teichova, Alice 168 Tenfelde, Klaus 136, 168, 238, 249, 254 f Thälmann, Ernst 132 Thirsk, Joan 260, 263 Thomas, Keith 417 Thompson, Edward P 38, 102, 111 f., 190 – 192, 289, 484 Thompson, Ruth 553 Tilly, Charles 21, 221, 254, 318, 441, 454, 459, 478, 482, 511, 517, 544 Tilly, Chris 221, 318, 478, 482, 511, 517 Tinker, Irene 342, 373 Tomich, Dale 92, 391 Torr, Dona 191 Trotsky, Leon 483, 529 604 Index of Names Tsing, Anna 289 Turnbull, Peter 288 f Upadhyay, Shashi Bhushan 421 f., 428 f., 484 Urry, John 277, 437 41, 411, 414, Vail, Leroy 69 Van der Linden, Marcel 1, 5, 8, 10, 33 f., 42, 44, 47, 90, 99, 123, 150, 160 – 162, 174 – 176, 184, 191, 213, 219, 221, 242, 246, 270, 321 f., 342, 347, 349 f., 356, 359, 378, 395 f., 411, 413 – 415, 447, 461, 469, 471, 491, 509, 521, 532, 540, 551, 553, 564, 571, 573 Van der Velden, Sjaak 516, 544, 546 Van Rossum, Matthias 42 f., 356, 407, 505 f., 508 – 510, 512, 515 Vanhaute, Erik 217, 230 Vargas, Getúlio 103 Velasco e Cruz, Maria Cecilia 390, 476, 494 Verlinden, Charles 382 f Vidyaratna, Ram Kumar 35 Wachsmann, Nikolaus 353 f Wallerstein, Immanuel 159 f., 219, 232, 277 Walsh, Margaret 285 Walton, Sam 96, 291, 368 Ward, Kerry 153, 303, 355 f Warren, James 282 f., 386 Watson, James 386 Way, Peter 123, 126, 387 Weber, Max 298 – 300, 314, 318, 418, 421, 477, 555 Wedgwood, Josiah 380 Weinhauer, Klaus 281 Weinstein, Barbara 101, 104, 554 Wenzlhuemer, Roland 51 f Werlhof, Claudia von 341 White, Landeg 69 Wigen, Kären 278 f Willcox, Walter F 453 Williams, Eric 4, 20, 93, 256, 382, 384 Wilson, Jake B 289, 299 Winn, Peter 84, 101, 105 Wolf, Eric 120, 217, 220 f., 230 Wolfinger, James 285 f Wolpe, Harold 246 Wong, Diana 330, 492 Wong, May 29 Wong, Roy Bin 17 Wright, Erik Olin 476 Wright, Gavin 390 Wright, Marcia 65 Wright, Thomas C 105 Wright, Tim 22, 248, 282 f., 397, 474 Wu Chengming 16 Xiang Biao 452 Xie Qingming 25 Xu Dixin 16 Xu Guoqi 25 Yrigoyen, Hipólito Yu Jianrong 24 524 Zakim, Michael 121, 125 Zarinebaf-Shahr, Fariba 203, 206 Zelnik, Reginald E 134 Zerker, Sally 123 Zeuske, Michael 92, 95, 391 Zhu Cishou 22 Zijdeman, Richard 317 Zimmermann, Susan 137, 139 – 141, 150, 166, 170, 335, 339 Zilfi, Madeline 203 Zürcher, Erik-Jan 10, 21, 205, 207 Zurndorfer, Harriet 17, 19 f., 427 ... Dawn of the Global World (London, 2008) 8 Karin Hofmeester and Marcel van der Linden Global history of work In principle there are no restrictions on the timeframe of the global history of work; .. .Handbook The Global History of Work Handbook The Global History of Work Edited by Karin Hofmeester and Marcel van der Linden ISBN 978-3-11-042835-3... to be not working ⁷ The global history of work is therefore in effect a reversion to a broader interpretation of work, and looks at more than work done simply for payment The present handbook