Tài liệu 10 modals là tài liệu trình bày các loại đông từ khiếm khuyết và các sử dụng động từ khiếm khuyết đó. Mời các bạn tham khảo!
ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT: Là loại động từ cần có thêm một hình thức V0 ở sau nó để hồn thiện nghĩa. CĨ 2 HÌNH THỨC SỬ DỤNG MODALS: ACTIVE VÀ PASSIVE ACTIVE: S + MODAL + V0 + O PASSIVE: S + MODAL + BE + V3/ED + BY + O EX: The room oncea day a shouldclean c shouldbecleaned I amnotdeaf.You _ shout a must b mustn't b shouldbecleaning d shouldhavecleaned c need d needn’t CÁCH NHẬN DẠNG ACTIVE , PASSIVE ÁP DỤNG GIỐNG VỚI PHẦN PASSIVE NOTE: Nếu ta ở hiện tại mà nói về sự việc ở q khứ thì ta sử dụng: S + MODAL + HAVE + V3/ED + O 1/ SHOULD(NOT) + HAVE + V3/ED (lẽ ra đã nên…)Chỉ một sự việc được cho là : o lẽ ra đã nên xảy ra ở q khứ , nhưng vì một lý do nào đó đã khơng xảy ra o lẽ ra đã khơng nên xảy ra ở q khứ , nhưng vì một lý do nào đó đã xảy ra Maria shouldn’t have called John too late last night. (thực ra cơ ấy có gọi ) 2/ MUST + HAVE + V3/ED: (chắc chắn là đã…) chỉ một sự suy luận hợp lý trong q khứ ≠ CAN’T + HAVE + V3/ED : (chắc chắn là đã khơng…) Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard B ẢNG SỬ DỤNG VÀ Ý NGHĨA CỦA MODALS: General meanings 1/ SUY ĐOÁ N, MODAL VERBS Present MEANING USES EXAMPLE Past May might - cólẽ - dùngđểsuy đoán(not - It mayrain tomorrow sure) Might might - cóthể - dùngđểsuy đoán(not sure) - It mightrain tomorrow - chỉmộtsự suy đoán chắcchắnvì cócơ sở (sure) - chỉmộtsự suy ñoaùn - Mary mustbeat home The lightin herroomis on - hecan’t beat homenow I havejust seenhimin the Must ≠ Can’t - chắn ≠ chắc chắn không chắcchắnkhôngvì có sở street -không - chỉsự ngăncấm, khôngđược phéplàm (luậtlệ) - You musn’tridea motorbikeuntil you are18 - đểchỉbổnphận,một - You mustgo now bắtbuộcở hiệntại hoặctrongtươnglai - Theywill haveto come heretomorrow 2/ SỰ NGĂ N CẤM Mustn’t = be not allowed 3/ SỰ BẮT BUỘC , NHIỆ M VỤ Must Had to - phải Have to Had to - phải, cầnphải 4/ khơng cần thiết Needn’t = don’t have to = be not necessary 5/ KHẢ NĂN G Can 6/ Sự khuyê n bảo 7/ Sự xin phép, cho phép 8/ Lời Đề Nghò + T0V0 -không cần - mộtModal được dùngtrongcâuphủ đònh(Needn’t) - You neednot give me the answerrightnow - cóthể - đểnói đếnmộtkhả - hecanspeak5 languages Should Had better (not) Ought to - nên - đểnói đến1 lời khuyeân - you shouldstudyharder - It’s too late.We’d better go now You May… - cóthể - Dùngđểcho phép làmgì - You maygo now Could I …? May I …? - Can I …? - Could you - bạncó thể Can you …? Will you…? Would you mind + Ving - bạncó thể - thườngdùngvới chủ - You: Could I borrowyour bike? từ I đềxin phép1 - May I comein? người lớnhơn,tỏý tôntrọng - thườngdùngvới chủ - Can I borrowyour pen? từ I đềxin phép1 người nganghàng - Could you openthedoor, - Dùngđểđềnghò1 please? ngưới người lớn làmgì - Can you buy mea paper? - Dùngđểđềnghò1 ngưới người ngang - Would you mindbuying hànglàmgì mea paper? Shall we / - Chúngta - Dùngđểđềxuất1 could - Shall we go outfor 9/ Sự mong muốn, lời mời Let’s hãy… Shall I / Let me Hãy để … Would rather (not) - muốn/ không muốn Would like / would prefer + ToV0 would you like + ToV0? - muốn 10/ Sự Will việc ở tương lai hoạtđộngvui chơi giải dinner? trí nàó - Dùngđểđềnghòmình Shall I open the window? làmgì cho I would rather go to the cinemathanstayat home - sauWould like / would prefer ta duøngTo-V0 - Would you like to go to thecinema? - mời bạn …….nhé? Would - I would like to go to the cinema - Dùngtrongcácthì TươngLai, Câiều Kiện,câuAo Ước, … - If I wereyou, I would stay at home NOTE: động từ NEEDN’T mới là MODAL còn các dạng khác của NEED là động từ thường khi đó nó được dùng như sau: S (someone) + NEED + TOV0 You need (go) now S (somthing) + NEED + VING TO BE + V3/ED Your hair needs _(cut) 3. This road is very narrow. It _to be widened A. might B. needs C. mustn’t 4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t _ A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry 5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better _ to the doctor A. to go B. went C. go 23. I _ understand this letter. Will you translate it for me? A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. may D. to be hurried D. going D. shouldn’t 25. _ you give me some advice about the language course? A. Might B. Should C. May D. Could 29. Sit down, please. _ a cup of tea? A. Do you like B. Can you like to drink C. Would you like D. Will you like ’ 34. “It _rain this evening. Why don t you take an umbrella?” “That’s a good idea. May I borrow yours?” A. had better B. could be C. must D. might 35. “ _taking me downtown on your way to work this morning?” “Not at all.” A. Can you B. Why don’t you C. Would you mind D. Could you please 42. _ you speak any foreign languages? A. May B. Must C. Can D. Might ’ 44. A: “You _ pay the bills today.” B: “I know, I promise. I won t forget.” A. would B. shall C. must D. may 45. _ you mind my staying here for some days? A. Would B. Could C. Can D. Should You had better _ at home until you feel better A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed Your house needs A. redecorated B. redecorating C. being redecorated D. to redecorate I _ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old A. could B. might C. would D. must You _ do it now, and do not argue A. must B. need C. are going to D. may You have been happy when you won the competition A. can B. must C. may D. could Take this umbrella with you because it _ rain this evening A. must B. may C. can D. shall I _ do that again. It's my promise A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. won't You _ forgetto learnthelessonby heart.The newteacheris so strict a needn't b mustn't c mayn't d mightn't They _ beawayfor theweekend,butI amnotsure a might b need c must d should You _ now if you wish a mustleave b mayleave c needleaving d mustn'tleave You _ worry so much.I will helpyou a must b mustn't c mightnot d needn't If thereis anythingyou _ Let meknow a must b should c need d may Family _ spendmoretimetalking,insteadof just watchingTV a must b should c might d needn't Please,keepsilent.You _ speakduringtheexam a may b mightnot c needn't d mustn’t You _ driveat morethan70 milesperhourin theUK a mustn't b needn't c maynot d mightnot You _ takeyour umbrellaalongwith you today.It _ rain lateron this afternoon a oughtto / mustn't b needn't/ will c will / must d should/ might 10.The room oncea day a shouldclean b shouldbecleaning c shouldbecleaned d shouldhavecleaned 11.John is notat home.He _ go somewherewith Daisy I amnotsure a might b will c must d should 12. _ I havea dayoff tomorrow?- Of coursenot We havea lot of thingsto a Must b Will c May d Need 13.The computer _ reprogramming.Thereis somethingwrongwith thesoftware a must b need c should d may 14.Susan _ hearthespeakerbecausethecrowdwascheeringso loudly a mustn't b couldn't c can't d needn't 1. You have been reading for four hours. This book _ be very interesting A. can B. might C. must D. should 8. The machine …………… on by pressing this switch A. can turn B. can be turned C. must turn D. should be turning 15 You _ explain that again because I understand everything now A. needn"t B. can"tC. would rather D. mustn"t 16 Take this umbrella with you because it _ rain this evening A. must B. may C. can D. shall 17 As students, you _ show your disrespect to your teachers A. must B. should C. mustn"t D. needn"t 18 He _ work very hard; he is a millionaire A. hasn"t to B. mustn"t C. doesn"t have to D. not has to 19 I _ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old A. could B. might C. would D. must 20 I _ do that again. It"s my promise A. mustn"t B. can"tC. needn"t D. won"t 21 You _ have been absent from that important session A. mightn"t B. wouldn"t C. shouldn"t D. mustn"t 22 _ we go shopping this evening? _ That"s a good idea A. Will B. ShallC. Might D. Must 23 She _ have been the one who caused the damage, I think. She was not home then A. must B. mustn"t C. needn"t D. can"t 24 Your windows need _. Would you like me to do them for you? A. be cleaned B. cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned 25 I can'tfind my bookanywhere.I _ haveleft it on thetrain.I amnotsure a must b needn't c should d might 26.You _ lunch.We havealreadyeaten a needpreparing b needn'thaveprepared c shouldprepare d shouldhaveprepared 27.Let'sdo somethingto protecttheenvironment, _ we? a must b need c will d shall 28.I will everything.You _ anythingunlessyou really wantto a may b needn't c must d oughtto 29.You _ forgetto learnthelessonby heart.The newteacheris so strict a needn't b mustn't c mayn't d mightn't 30.They _ beawayfor theweekend,butI amnotsure a might b need c must d should 31.You _ now if you wish a mustleave b mayleave c needleaving d mustn'tleave 32.You _ worry so much.I will helpyou a must b mustn't c mightnot d needn't 33.If thereis anythingyou _ Let meknow a must b should c need d may 34.Family _ spendmoretimetalking,insteadof just watchingTV a must b should c might d needn't 35.Please,keepsilent.You _ speakduringtheexam a may b mightnot c needn't d mustn’t 36.You _ driveat morethan70 milesperhourin theUK a mustn't b needn't c maynot d mightnot 37.You _ takeyour umbrellaalongwith you today.It _ rain lateron this afternoon a oughtto / mustn't b needn't/ will c will / must d should/ might 38.The room oncea day a shouldclean b shouldbecleaning c shouldbecleaned d shouldhavecleaned 39.The weatherforecastsaysthat tomorrow a it will snow b it will besnowed c it needssnowing d it mustbesnowed 40.The garden It hasjust startedraining a needn'twater b needn'tbewatered c needn'tbewatering d needn'thavewatered 41.People _ huntandusewhalesfor commercialpurpose A needn’t B mustn’t C don’t needto D don’t haveto 42.She _ beill I havejust seenherplayingbasketball in theschool yard a needn't b shouldn't c mustn't d can't 43.Peterhasbeenworkingfor 10 hours.He _ beverytirednow a needn't b must c hasto d should 44.I _ find my own way there.You _ wait for me a should/ can't b haveto / must c can/ needn't d might/ mustn't 45.Frank'swalletis lying on thecoffeetable.He _ it herelastnight a musthaveleft b shouldhaveleft c mustbeleaving d needn'tleave 46.I amnotdeaf.You _ shout a must b mustn't c need d needn’t 47.John failedagain.He _ harder a musthavetried b shouldhavetried c cantried d mayhavetried 48. _ I borrowyour lighterfor a minute?- Sure,no problem.Actually, you _ keepit if you wantto a May / can b Must / might c Will / should d Might / needn’t 49.I notmindat all You _ apologize a shouldn't b needn't c mustn't d oughtn'tto 50.It is a topsecret.You _ tell anyoneaboutit a mustn't b needn't c mightn't d won't 51.We haveplentyof timefor doingthework We _ behurried a needn't b shouldn't c mustn't d mayn't 52.Keepquiet.You _ talk so loudly in here.Everybodyis working a may b must c might d mustn't 53.John is notat home.He _ go somewherewith Daisy I amnotsure a might b will c must d should 54. _ I havea dayoff tomorrow?- Of coursenot We havea lot of thingsto a Must b Will c May d Need 55.The computer _ reprogramming.Thereis somethingwrongwith thesoftware a must b need c should d may 56.Susan _ hearthespeakerbecausethecrowdwascheeringso loudly a mustn't b couldn't c can't d needn't 1. You have been reading for four hours. This book _ be very interesting A. can B. might C. must D. should ’ 4. They have plenty of time, so they needn t _ A. be hurry B. to hurry C. hurry D. to be hurried 5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better _ to the doctor A. to go B. went C. go D. going 8. You _ ring the bell; I have a key A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t Đề Thi TN THPT 2009 Question 28: Endangeredspecies by theWorld Wildlife Fund A areprotected B would protect C beprotected D will protect Question 34: If I hadthemapnow, I a short-cut acrossthedesert A could havetaken B take C couldtake D cantake Question 39: The recyclingof wastepaper savea greatamountof woodpulp A hadbetter B need C can D dare Question 46: Shebroughta lot of moneywith herso thatsheneededbuysomeduty-freegoods A B C D Đề Thi TN THPT 2010 Question 11: He hasmadeso manymistakesin his essaythathe _ it all again A needs B ought C usedto D hasto Question 12: Unlesswe canfind newsourcesof energy,our life will certainly _ A affected B beaffecting C affect D beaffected ... (not) - muốn/ không muốn Would like / would prefer + ToV0 would you like + ToV0? - muốn 10/ Sự Will việc ở tương lai hoạtđộngvui chơi giải dinner? trí nàó - Dùngđểđềnghòmình Shall I open the window?... _ rain lateron this afternoon a oughtto / mustn't b needn't/ will c will / must d should/ might 10. The room oncea day a shouldclean b shouldbecleaning c shouldbecleaned d shouldhavecleaned... seenherplayingbasketball in theschool yard a needn't b shouldn't c mustn't d can't 43.Peterhasbeenworkingfor 10 hours.He _ beverytirednow a needn't b must c hasto d should 44.I _ find my own way there.You