Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy of our country today

Purpose: To clarify the theoretical and practical foundations of antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy. Assess the actual situation of antimonopoly in our country. Then propose basic solutions for antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy of our country in the coming time.

1 INTRODUCTION 1. Overview of the research The   topic   "Antimonopoly   in   the   socialist   oriented   market  economy   of   our   country   today"   has   been   long   cherished   by   the  fellow   The   structure   of   the   thesis   consists   of   an   introduction,  overview of research issues, three chapters, 8 periods, appendix, list  of scientific works of the author, list of references. The main part of  the   thesis   focuses   on   three   chapters   with   148   page   volume  presenting   the   fundamental   problems   that   the   fellow   chooses   to  study, to answer the core questions which the fellow himself poses  and   needs   to   address,   such   as:   anti­monopoly   in   the   socialist­ oriented market economy in our country today then who is going to  fight? What to fight? And how to fight? 2. Reasons for choosing the thesis topic Monopoly or market control is the dream of most businesses to  survive and grow without facing competition. In fact, the formation  of monopolies in the market very easily leads to the situation that  these enterprises will abuse that position to obtain high monopoly  profits, negatively affecting the economy, society and consumers as  well   When   having   a   monopoly   position,   enterprises   entirely   are  possible to manipulate the market according to their market power Recognizing   the   negative   impacts   of   monopoly,   the   Party  advocated   to   "narrow   the   fields   that   the   State   now   has   trading  monopolies, eliminate monopoly", and "improve the mechanism,  policy for the State enterprises to actually operate in a competitive,  open,   transparent   environment,   improve   efficiency   Eliminate  monopoly and exclusive business and production of state­owned  enterprises". However, monopoly situation still exists with many  complicated   happenings   Meanwhile,   antimonopoly   activitiy   still  reveals   many   limitations,   yet   high   performance,   discrimination  between businesses still exists; action against unreasonable price  fixing is ineffective, the phenomenon of rising prices, protecting the  interests of the State have been violated and exploited to serve a  group   of   people,   people   are   not   entitled   to   all   the   benefits   that  society   has   created,   which   has   influenced   significantly   on   the  economic   and   social   activity   of   our   country   Besides,   with   the  market opening process through the signing and joining of bilateral  and   multilateral  trade   agreements,   there   have  been   multinational  companies   operating   in   Vietnam   With   there   economic   strength,  these companies have the ability to create a monopoly position to  carry out their market power. The status of eliminating rivals to  usurp the market, establish monopoly position will occur. In this  context, Vietnam enterprises with limited potential are vulnerable,  or manipulated to become subsidiaries, satellite companies for such  corporations   The   above   raises   the   suspicion   surrounding  antimonopoly now in our country today Under   theoretical   perspective,   this   is   a   complex   issue,  relevant   to   and   affecting   many   areas   so   it   has   attracted   the  attention of social research in different perspectives, scopes and  achieved   certain   performance   The   requirement   is   to   further  clarify theoretically and practically those above issues, from that,  propose points of view and appropriate solutions in antimonopoly  to   meet   the   requirements   of   building   a   stable   and   developed  economy   With   this   meaning,   the   author   selected   the   topic:  "Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy of our   country today" as a doctoral thesis on economics 3. Research purpose and tasks * Purpose: To clarify the theoretical and practical foundations of  antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy. Assess the actual  situation of antimonopoly in our country. Then propose basic solutions for  antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy of our country in  the coming time * Task: ­   On   the  basis  systemizing   common   problems   of   monopoly,  enterprise monopoly, the thesis focuses on the construction of the central  concepts and content of antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market  economy. Survey experience of other countries in antimonopoly, and  then draw some lessons for Vietnam ­ Assess the situation of antimonopoly in our country today, with  pointing out the achievements, constraints and causes of antimonopoly,  and issues rose in the anti­monopoly of our economy ­   Propose   fundamental   perspectives   and   main   solutions   on  antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy 4. Research object and scope ­ Research objects: The thesis does not study antimonopoly  in general but mainly focuses on the study of antimonopoly in the  socialist oriented market economy ­   Research   scope:   Research   space   is   identified   as   the  socialist   oriented   market   economy   in   Vietnam;   time   of   survey  research is from 2005 to present; in terms of content: focus on the  basic   issues   of   antimonopoly   in   the   socialist   oriented   market  economy in Vietnam today 5. New contributions of the thesis The thesis contributes to clarify the theoretical and practical  issues of antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy,  which focuses on building concepts and content of antimonopoly in  the socialist oriented market economy Assess   the   true   state   of  antimonopoly,   clarify   the  achievements   and   limitations,   and   point   out   the   cause   and   the  questions of antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy  of our country today Propose   some   perspectives   and   basic   solutions   for  antimonopoly   in   the   socialist   oriented   market   economy   of   our  country today 6. Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis Contribute to supplement and enrich the theoretical and practical  issues on antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy of our  country today The research results of the thesis are a theoretical, practical basis for  all   levels   as   reference   to  build   a   competitive   environment   for  antimonopoly in the economy of our country today The thesis can be used as reference in scientific research, teaching  and learning at universities in our country today OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES   The   foreign   scientific   studies   on   monopoly,  antimonopoly  * The researches related to monopoly, enterprise monopoly  Around   the   world   there   have   been   many   studies   related   to  monopoly, enterprise monopoly such the works  "Economics"  of  P.A. Samuelson. Michael E. Porter with the works: "Competitive  Strategy",   "Competitive   Advantage",   "National   competitive   advantage". Ben W.F. Depoorter in the book "5400 Regulation of   natural monopoly" of the Center for Advanced Studies in Law and  Economics, University of Ghent, Faculty. The author Patrick Rey  and Paul Seabright with the book  "The activities of a monopoly   firm   in   adjacent   competitive   markets:  Economic   consequences   and implications for competition Policy ". The topic "Firms with   market power: monopoly" of Ali Emami. Author Ferguson, Paul R  with the book "  Business economic: the application of economic   theory " * The researches related to enterprise antimonopoly X.Nicitin   with   the   book  "Antimonopoly   policy   in   countries   with developed market economy"  Howard D. Marshall with the  book  "Business   and   Government:   The   problem   of   power";   or  Stephen J.K. Walters,  "Enterprise, Government, and the public";  Author Christopher: "Outline of the US Economy"   The   domestic   scientific   researches   on   monopoly,  enterprise antimonopoly * The works mentioning about monopoly, enterprise monopoly  The topic:  "The impact of competition and monopoly in the   economy of modern capitalism on building the market economy in   Vietnam today"  of the National Academy of Politics. Tran Van  Hien with his thesis on economics "Theory of Lenin on the world   market sharing among alliances of capitalism monopoly and new   expression   in   the   current   period"   Dr   Bui   Van   Huyen:  "Construction   and   development   of   economic   corporations   in   Vietnam".  The book:  “Market structure ­ theory and practice in   Vietnam” by Nguyen Van Dan * The typical works related to enterprise antimonopoly Bui Ha with the theme:  "Monopoly and antimonopoly in the   market   economy",   and   "Forms   and   measures   to   encourage   competition   and   control   monopoly   of   the   market   economy”.  Economic   thesis:  "Competition   in   the   market   economy   in   Vietnam"  by   Nguyen   Quoc   Dung   The   Central   Institute   of  Economic Management Research with the book:  "The legal and   institutional   issues   of   policy   on   competition   and   monopoly   control".  Dong Thi Ha:  "Improvement of policy on competition   and   monopoly   control   in   Vietnam   in   terms   of   international   economic   integration".  Dinh   Thi   My   Lan   with   the   book  "Japanese   antimonopoly   law,   implementation   experience".  "Competition Policy of the European Union in the context of new   development"  by Dang  Minh  Duc  Author  Dinh  Thi  My  Loan:  "Control   the   economic   focus   ­   international   experience   and   practices  in  Vietnam"  Author  Bui Nguyen  Anh  Tuan  with  the  book  "Competition   policy   from   the   perspective   of   developing   countries" Dang   Vu   Huan:  "The   law   on   anti­monopoly   control   and   unfair competition in Vietnam". Le Anh Tuan with the book "Law  on against unfair competition in Vietnam". Articles in magazines  such as: Nguyen Nhu Phat, "Monopoly and handling monopoly";  author Khanh An, "It is neccessary to tighter control monopolies";  Pham Van Chung, "State monopoly and enterprise monopoly"; Le  Van   Hung  "There   should   be   provisions   for   State­owned   enterprises in the implementation of competition law" * The studies refer to aspects of antimonopoly Nguyen   Nhu   Phat   and   Nguyen   Ngoc   Son   in   the   book  "Analysis and interpretation of provisions on competition law on   abuse of dominant position in the market, monopoly position to   restrict   competition"   Doan   Trung   Kien   with  "Identification   of   abuse of dominant position, monopoly position under the current   law   in   Vietnam"   Tran   Anh   Tu   with  "Identification   of   administrative   monopoly   in   business   in   Vietnam"   Pham   Hoai  Huan   in   his   book  "Laws   against   abuse   of   dominant   position,   monopoly position to restrict price competition" Articles by Dao Van Tu  "Monopoly and issue of controlling   monopoly prices in Vietnam". And "Control prices for monopoly   goods and services in Vietnam today"  by Le  Viet Thanh. Tran  Ming   Dao   with   the   article:  "Price   management   in   the   market   economy   in   Vietnam”   Nguyen   Huu   Huyen   with   the   article  "Identification of Cartels pursuant to the law on competition of   developed countries"  General evaluation of the research results of published  scientific works thesis and issues that the thesis should focus  on solving It is possible to say that the foreign and domestic authors have  had many studies and articles with various approach, extent, scope  and   purpose,   more   or   less   mentioned   about   monopoly   and  antimonopoly However, because they are not the research subjects, the works  and writings of domestic and foreign authors do not study in depth  in a systematic way anti­monopoly in the socialist oriented market  economy, but just mentioned, analysed the single aspects, sides,  slice   or   a   part   of   the   research   object   i.e   anti­monopoly   in   the  market economy Meanwhile, there are not many scientific works refering directly  to antimonopoly or aspects in antimonopoly from the perspective of  political   economy,   but   they   often   study   the   opposition   side   of  monopoly i.e competition, creating a competitive environment in the  socialist­oriented market economy. Many scientific works mention  antimonopoly issues and antimonopoly aspects under jurisprudence  perspective, interpretation of specific issues of legal science. So this  is the space for the fellow to do well in the thesis Chapter 1 THEORETICAL FOUNDATION ON ANTIMONOPOLY IN  THE SOCIALIST ORIENTED MARKET ECONOMY AND  EXPERIENCE OF SOME COUNTRIES 1.1. The general theoretical issues on monopoly, enterprise  monopoly in the market economy 1.1.1. The concept of monopoly, enterprise monopoly  * Under the perspective of bourgeois economists The economists of mercantilism are in favor of monopoly of  national capitalist in international trade. Physiocracy condemned  privileges and feudal monopoly; they do advocate that the State  shall not intervent in the economy. The classical school promotes  free competition, against the interference of the state in economy.  Neoclassical   synthesis   provides   the   theory   of   both   competition  and monopoly. Austrian school does not advocate development of  monopoly   indefinitely,   but   advocates   the   Government   to   use  regulate   force   to   limit   and   reduce   monopoly   Modern   primary  school states that the fails met by the market make its operation  not so efficient are affected by monopolies * Under the perspective of Marxist economists Karl   Marx   saw   that   the   development   of   the   forces   of  production, accumulation and concentration of capital created by  competition would inevitably lead to the formation of monopolies.  Monopoly is  expressed  by Engels  that  "Exclusive Organization  (capitalism) is an alliance between the capitalists hold most of the  production and consumption of one or more of certain types of  goods, in order  to gain high monopoly profit". V.I. Lenin sees  monopoly   is   the   most   prominent   economic   characteristic   of  capitalism   in   the   new   period   He   asserts   that   the   source   of  monopoly   is   competition,   accumulation   and   concentration   of  capital   with   the   underlying   cause   of   the   development   of   the  productive forces of society. This monopoly is essentially a form  of alliance between the capitalists holding most of the production  and consumption of certain types of goods to obtain monopoly  profits high as Engels pointed out * The notion of scientists in Vietnam According   to   Hoang   Dinh   Can,   economic   monopoly   is   the  status to concentrate economic forces (strength) in the hands of  one or a few people, making them powerful for the reproduction  of society. Encyclopedia of Vietnam states that monopoly is the  condition   that   there   is   only   one   or   there   are   a   few   people   (or  organizations) monopolizing the market. According to the Great  Dictionary of market economy, monopoly is a few large capitalist  firms going for high monopoly profits joint venture to monopolize  the market and produce exclusively a certain commodity X According   to   Nguyen   Van   Ngoc,   an   enterprise   becomes   a  monopoly when it is the only seller of its product and if that product  has no close substitutes. Central Institute of Economic Management  states that monopoly in business is that an enterprise or a corporation  with   certain   economic,   political   and   social   conditions   control  production and consumption market of products, goods and services.  Competition Law of Vietnam, an enterprise is considered to be the  exclusive if there is not any other enterprise competitive to the goods  and services that this enterprise doing business in the relevant market.  Nguyen Van Nam said that the monopoly of a business specified in  the Competition Act must be interpreted as a market power of an  enterprise when doing business in a certain product for consumers,  for rivals, set in the relevant market From the above points of view, it is the author’s opinion that,  monopoly   is   an   objective   economic   phenomenon,   reflecting   the   existence of the enterprise in the market without competition. When  there is a monopoly position, the market will give that enterprise its  power, "the ability to affect the market price of a certain goods or  services"   Accordingly,  enterprise   monopoly   is   the   term   used   to   describe  the  power  of   firms  in  dominating  input  and  output  of  a   particular commodity on the market Enterprise monopoly in the market economy with a socialist  orientation has basic characteristics including: First,   the   concentration   in   the   hands   of   one   or   several  enterprises taking most part in the production and consumption of  a   particular   commodity   to   ensure   monopoly   position   in   a  particular industry or sector Second, when there is the establishment of monopoly position,  the   enterprise   tends   to   abuse   that   position   to   obtain   monopoly  profits Third, firms take advantage of the state monopoly to become  enterprise monopoly, serving the interests of that business Fourth,   there   is   the   possibility   of   market   pricing,   forcing  competitors   and   consumers   to   comply   with   those   prices   called  monopoly pricing Fifth, there  is the ability to prevent competition from other  companies, in order to strengthen the monopoly position of the  business 1.1.2   The   forms   of   enterprise   monopoly   in   the   socialist   oriented market economy  First, based on the formation source including:    ­ Monopoly formed by the accumulation and concentration  of production ­ Monopoly derived from the intervention of the State ­ Natural monopolies: Second, based on the level of corporation’s domination over  the market, monopoly has the following formats: ­ Monopoly in selling ­ Monopoly in purchase ­   Monopoly   in   limiting   sales   and   monopoly   in   limiting  purchase ­ Bilateral Monopoly: 1.1.3. Cause of forming enterprise monopoly in the socialist   oriented market economy in our country today First, monopoly is formed from the competition between enterprises in the  economy Second, the State’s policy to form State monopoly on a number of areas 10 Third, monopoly is formed from the demands of the scale of investment,  technology and manufacturing technology Fourth, monopoly is formed from the existence of barriers in the market 1.2   Concept,   content   and   the   need   for   enterprise   anti­ monopoly in the socialist oriented market economy 1.2.1   The   concept   of   enterprise   anti­monopoly   in   the   socialist oriented market economy Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy is the   summary  of  manners  and  measures   that  the   socialist   countries   and   the   economic   actors   use   to   manage,   control   and   prevent   monopoly acts adversely affecting the economy, in order to create   a   healthy   competitive   environment   for   the   economy,   while   contributing  to  harmonize the  interests of  the  State,  businesses   and consumers In essence, this is the action of the State and the economic  subjects for the enterprises with monopolistic behavior adversely  affecting   the   economy,   in   which   the   State   and   the   economic  subjects are the subjects of antimonopoly activities The objects of antimonopoly activities are enterprises in an  economy   operating   in   the   fields   of   manufacturing,   sales   and  service implementing acts of abusing monopoly which negatively  impact the economy The   methods,   measures   of   antimonopoly   include   legal;  economic; educational measures The   main   purpose   of   antimonopoly   is   to   build   a   healthy  competitive   environment   with   equality   between   businesses,  resolve in harmony the interests of subjects in the economy 1.2.2   Content   of   enterprise   antimonopoly   in   the   socialist   oriented market economy in Vietnam First,  against abuse of dominant position, monopoly position  of the business Second,  against   agreements   to   limit   competition   of  monopolies Third,  against the unreasonable determination of the product  price to obtain high monopoly profits 12 The   European   Union   also   quite   effectively   uses   economic  measures and administrative measures In addition, the relatively strong intervention of the State in  order to ensure consumer rights is respected in practice * Experience of Japan Japan   also   soon   issued   Antimonopoly   Act   (07/1947),   and  organized   the   operation   of   the   competition   management  departments The Japanese government has step by step applied measures to  narrow the scope of property and business of the State Japan focuses on improving the quality of life, reducing the  difference   between   domestic   price   and   foreign   one,   enhancing  market access, harmonious combining institution and international  structures,   arranging   the   structure   of   sectors,   encouraging  participation in the market of new businesses   and the activities  consistent with competition policy * The experience of China Separate the Government out of business; raise capital outside  the   State   with   different   ownership   percentage   China   has  established   management   and   state­owned   assets   supervision  agencies at both central and local levels to release most of the  intervention of the owners of the State management agency for  State enterprises Give competitive mechanism to monopolies by opening the  door to private sector and foreign countries to participate, creating  competition within the sector Use the law to monitor and manage rather than administrative  orders before However,   in   the  antimonopoly   activities,   China   still   has  its  limitations 1.3.2. Some lessons for Vietnam from antimonopoly experience   in some countries in the world 13 First,   build   a   consistent   legal   system,   in   which   soon   issue  Antimonopoly Law and implement in an earnest way, serving as  the basis for enterprises doing fair business and competition Second, promote the role of state management agencies and  social organizations in antimonopoly to create an environment of  fair competition, to protect the interests of consumers Third,   develop   a   healthy   competitive   policy   with   an   open  market,   highly   competitive   together   with   the   participation   of  components and enterprise Fourth,   incorporate   economic,   administrative   measures   in  antimonopoly Fifth, clearly separate functions of administrative and business  management of the state over state enterprises, and promote the  reform of state­owned enterprises towards reducing monopoly of  the business Conclusion of chapter 1 Based on the approach to different viewpoints of scientists,  the   author   has   given   an   opinion   about   monopoly,   enterprise  monopoly,   indicating   the   characteristics   of   enterprise   monopoly.  The introduction of central concepts, along with figuring out the  basic   content   of   antimonopoly   in   the   socialist­oriented   market  economy is the focus of chapter 1. The thesis researches experience  of   other   countries   from   which   to   draw   lessons   for   Vietnam   in  antimonopoly Chapter 2 ACTUAL SITUATION OF ANTIMONOPOLY IN THE  SOCIALIST ORIENTED MARKET ECONOMY  OF VIETNAM 2.1   Situation   of   enterprise   monopoly   in   our   country   in  recent years The   phenomenon   of   abusing   dominant   position,   monopoly  position in the market still exists 14 The   situation   of   abusing   state   monopoly   into   enterprise  monopoly is complicated Operation of agreement in restricting competition by monopolies  is increasingly sophisticated   Activities of unreasonable fixing prices to gain high monopoly  profits of monopoly enterprises have a negative impact on society  and people Activity of economic centralizing by enterprises to establish a  dominant position, monopoly position tends to increase 2.2. Achievements, limitations and causes of antimonopoly  in our country in recent years 2.2.1. Achievements and causes 2.2.1.1. The achievements Vietnam has built a system of legal framework, serving for the  management of competition, antimonopoly The handling of operations abusing dominant market position,  monopoly position of the business initially has positive effect in  creating a competitive environment Has   specified   the   sectors   of   production   and   business   under  state monopoly The control and supervision of the activities of corporations,  large State own enterprises (SOEs) are respected SOEs are rearranged an important step. SOEs operations focus  primarily   on   the   sectors   and   geographical   areas   of   crucial  importance that the State needs to hold Activity against agreements in restricting competition of the  monopolies   has   achieved   some   initial   results   contributing   to  improve the business environment Has   implemented   price   controls   on   some   essential  commodities and commodity with monopoly nature Implement   control   of   the   economic   concentration   activities   of  enterprises with tend to form a dominant position, monopoly position 2.2.2 The limitations, weaknesses and causes 2.2.2.1. The limitations and weaknesses 15 First,   fighting   against   abuse   of   dominant   market   position,   monopoly position of business has not high efficiency. So far, the  Competition   Administration   Department   has   decided   to  investigate   only     cases   of   restricting   competition,   of   which   3  cases related to abuse of dominant position, monopoly position  and 3 cases concerning the behavior of linking oligopoly The handling of cases of abuse of dominant position, monopoly  position faces many obstacles in the provisions of the law The   provisions   on   abuse   of   dominant   position,   monopoly  position do not cover the full abuse actions Second, activities against enterprises taking advantage of the   state   monopoly   to   become   enterprise   monopoly   are   still   inadequate   Not yet form a detailed legal framework for the management  and supervision of conglomerates in the specific field of activity Not   yet   clearly   seperate   state   ownership   and   corporate  ownership,   whereby   the   separation   of   the   functions   of   state  management in administration and economy in SOEs is unclear Currently,   the   arrangement   and   equitization   of   state­owned  enterprises are slow and not tight Some   contents   in   the   structure   project   of   each   group,   each  corporation have no strong solution, breakthrough Enterprises of different economic sectors have not been set in  the   competitive   environment   of   equality;   many   favors   are   for  SOEs, especially those monopolies Third,   the   operation   against   unreasonable   price   fixing   to   obtain   monopoly   profits   is   not   so   effective   Price   control  mechanism of the State agency for each product of the monopolist  is still inadequate, efficiency, flexibility are not high The lack of transparency of monopolies in the determination  of the product price makes it difficult for the state agency The control of price­fixing activities between the exporters of  goods abroad with exclusive distributors in Vietnam market does  16 not   seem   to   be   possible,   because   the   legal   framework   is   still  missing governing rules Fourth,   control   the   economic   concentration   activities   of   enterprises   tending   to   form   a   dominant   position,   monopoly   position   lacks   focus   The   legal   framework   in   the   control   of  economic concentration activities of enterprises tending to form a  dominant position, monopoly position is incomplete Coordination   and   management   mechanisms   of   economic  concentration activities between competion management agencies  with the state management agency have not been identified The   gathering   of   information   and   data   on   the   economic  concentration   of   the   competition   management   agencies   is   also  difficult The   control   of   M   &   A   activity   involving   mergers,   joint  ventures, consolidation is not tight and easy to facilitate business  to expand monopoly 1.2.2.2 Cause of disadvantages, limitations First,   the   perception   on   the   law   including   the   law   on  competition   of   the   State   management   agencies,   businesses,  associations are uneven Second,  the   role   of   state   management   agencies   in  antimonopoly has not really promoted effectively Third, the role of business associations is unclear in creating a  competitive environment Fourth,  the   voice   of   consumers   and   social   organizations   in  protecting the rights of clients is not high Fifth, human resource of competition management agencies is  not sufficient; qualifications of those working in management and  supervision are limited Sixth,   the   legal   framework   and   enforcement   of   competition  policy, antimonopoly are weak and sufficient 17 Seventh, the competitive environment in the economy is not  high; enterprises of different economic sectors are not set in the  environment for fair competition Eighth, the impact of the international and regional institutions  on our country 2.3. Some issues raised about enterprise antimonopoly in  the socialist oriented market economy in our country today First,  antimonopoly requires creating synchronous elements in  competition institution, antimonopoly, meanwhile, the legal systems  on competing, management apparatus, mechanisms and policies are  not yet complete and lack of competition and overlap Second,   antimonopoly   requires   good   promotion   of   role   and  coordination of the subjects, while the perception, position, role  and coordination of the anti­monopoly forces are now not high Third,   antimonopoly   is   putting   increasing   high   demands   of  professionalism, efficiency, while investment in human resources  and finance for these activities is limited Fourth,   antimonopoly   requires   solving   the   relationship  between the requirements to ensure fair competition environment  with the leading role of the state economy Conclusion of chapter 2 Enterprise monopoly in our country in recent years is still  complicated. Antimonopoly activity in recent years has achieved  certain results. However, there are still many shortcomings and  limitations. The cause of these outstanding includes both objective  and subjective ones, but the subjective one is major. Four issues  pointed out in antimonopoly are very basic, serving as the basis  for figuring out the solutions for antimonopoly in our country in  the future 18 Chapter 3 BASIC VIEWPOINT AND MAJOR SOLUTIONS  ON ANTIMONOPOLY IN THE SOCIALIST ORIENTED  MARKET ECONOMY IN OUR COUNTRY IN THE  COMING TIME 3.1   Basic   notions   of   enterprise   antimonopoly   in   the  socialist oriented market economy of our country today in the  coming time 3.1.1. Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy   is not to eliminate monopolies or reject the dominant role of state   economy   but   to   fight   against   the   abuse   of   monopoly   which   negatively impacts the economy To make this point, it is necessary to well implement some of  the following: First, continue to improve the system of law on competition,  antimonopoly  Second, consistently confirm  the  key role of the  state  economy  in  the  socialist­oriented   market  economy  Third,  continue to organize, innovate and improve the efficiency of state  enterprises. State enterprises must concentrate their operations in  the   key   stages   in   the   field   of   security   and   defense,   natural  monopolies,   providing   essential   public   goods   and   services   and  some   basic   industries,   high   technology   with   big   spreading  strength 3.1.2. Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy  is   the   responsibility   of   the   whole   society,   in   which   the   state   management agency of competition is the core force Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy of our  country today is the responsibility of the whole society, in which  the state playing a role as "maestro", creating an environment with  legal   framework   for   entities   to   refer   to   Enterprises,   social  organizations, and consumers are important subjects In   order   to   implement   this   perspective,   there   is   a   need   to  improve effectiveness and efficiency of the State in management.  Improve   the   organizational   structure   of   the   competition  19 management   agency   to   ensure   independence   Develop   staff   for  management   of  competition   to   meet   the   requirements  of   social  development   Promote   the   role   of   associations,   social  organizations and consumers in antimonopoly 3.1.3. Antimonopoly must be done in sync with the perfecting of the   socialist­oriented market economy institution In essence, this is the specific development of the socialist­oriented  market   economy   institution   in   creating   a   competitive   environment,  antimonopoly Accordingly,  first   of   all,   it   is   necessary   to   complete   the   legal  framework   in   general   and   law   on   competition,   antimonopoly   in  particular   to   ensure   for   subjects   to   work   in   accordance   with   the  operation laws of the  market economy, as well as to maintain the  socialist orientation in the development process. Second, promote the  key role of our economy together with strong economic development  of economic sectors and types of businesses; form some economic  groups,   the   multi­owner   corporations,   apply   modern   management  model, with international competitiveness  Third, create a favorable  environment for enterprises to act and compete in a healthy and fair  way 3.1.4   Antimonopoly   must   ensure   compliance   with   international regulations and practices In   the   trend   of   performing   open­door   policy,   one   of   the  requirements is that Vietnam needs to complete the legal system.  Accordingly, the legal system in Vietnam needs to review, compare,  timely   adjust   and   transform   international   treaties,   signed   trade  agreements in the legal system of Vietnam to come to agreement to  meet the integration into the world’s economy. The important thing  now is that Vietnam should choose therapies of adjustment with a  procedure suitable with our political and economic conditions, from  which to build and perfect the legal system accordingly 3.2   Major   solutions   on   antimonopoly   in   the   socialist  oriented market economy of our country in the coming time 20 3.2.1  Continue   to   improve  the   socialist   oriented   market   economy  institution in which the focus is to create a healthy   competitive environment This is the premise solutions, in order to create the legal basis  for the subjects to refer to implement. Accordingly, it is necessary  to well implement some of the following measures: First, continue to improve the legal system in which there is  competition law  Second, continue to improve the mechanism of  competition, control, anti monopoly. Third, perfect synchronically  market factors, especially the sectors and aspects with monopoly  nature. Continue to improve the institution on price, supply and  demand, competition and controlling monopoly of the business.  Fourth,   enhance   the   role   and   effectiveness   of   economic  management of the State in accordance with the request to create a  healthy competitive environment in the socialist oriented market  economy 3.2.2. Enhance the role of subjects in the management of   competition, antimonopoly  * For the State: Need   to   determine   the   role   of   the   State   in   the   creation   of  competitive environmen Continue   to   strengthen   the   state   competition   management  apparatus Improve   the   quality   of   training   and   re­training   of   human  resources   for   the   competition   management   agency   Increase  investment   in   infrastructure,   operational   funding   for   the  competition management agency Create   clarity   and   transparency   in   the   functions   and  responsibilities of the competition management agencies and the  management ministries of industries to tackle differences in the  application of standards and treatment Actively check, control the operation of monopolies; timely  detect signs of monopoly negative impacting the economy * For professional social organizations, communities and people: 21 Need to raise  awareness, responsibility, create consensus of  the social organizations and people in antimonopoly Promote the role of business associations, social organizations  in creating a competitive environment, antimonopoly The associations need to work closely with the competition  management   agency   in   raising   awareness   for   the   business  community   and   industry   associations   on   competition   law,   anti­ dumping, anti­subsidy and safeguard measures; positively prevent  and anti violations of law Enhance counseling, support businesses as well as consumers.  Need   to   actively   research,   fieldwork,   collect   ideas,   reflect   the  needs of consumers Promptly provide the state management agency for protecting  the rights of consumers with information about legal violations of  organizations and individuals trading in goods and services with  monopoly abuse signs It   should   be   positive,   proactive   in   contributing   opinions,  comments on the content of legal documents related to competition,  antimonopoly The government should enact specific laws or decrees in order  to enhance the role in the operation of enterprise associations in  Vietnam * For consumers: Elevate   the   voice   of   consumers   in   building   competitive  environment,   antimonopoly   Accordingly,   consumers   need   to  improve   the   understanding   and   ability   to   protect   themselves   by  themselves, have the right choice, self defense and be responsible for  fighting with violations of enterprises that can harm the interests of  society   and   consumers   so   that   they   could   actually   become   wise  consumers 3.2.3   Promote   the   reform   of   state   enterprises   towards   reducing monopoly To implement the promotion of reforming state enterprises, it  is necessary to focus on some of the following measures: 22 First,   continue   to   review,   classify   and   define   the   specific  criteria for large monopoly SOEs. Clearly clarify state monopoly  and enterprise monopoly Second,   reform   the   mechanism   of   implementing   state  ownership   rights   over   the   SOEs,   the   monopoly   SOEs   and  mechanism of representing for the state owner in the enterprises Third,   accelerate   the   equitization,   focusing   on   economic  groups, corporations towards reducing the number of SOEs and  reduce   state   capital   in   enterprises   Implement   diversification   of  ownership in SOEs Fourth, perform publicly, transparently operations of SOEs,  especially   corporations,   state   corporations   in   the   natural   fields,  and industries Fifth,   reform   the   management   model   for   the   state­owned  enterprises. Accordingly, urgently supplement and perfect SOEs  management   mechanism,   concurrently   with   the   expansion   of  autonomy and self­responsibility of enterprises Sixth,   put   the   SOEs   in   a   competitive   environment   equal   to  other   economic   components   Stimulate   competition   within   the  monopolists;   the   State   must   establish   mechanisms   to   promote  healthy   competition   of   enterprises   not   only   with   the   external  environment, but even within the group or enterprises, consider  this as a solution to create a market within the corporate. Put the  monopolists in a competitive environment with the region and the  world 3.2.4   Effectively   use   the   tools   of   the   State   economic   management in control, antimonopoly  First, control the product's price of monopoly manufacturing,  trading sectors Second,   develop   mechanisms   of   publishing   and   accessing  information;   create   transparency   in   determining   the   product’s  price of monopolies Third,   there   should   be   mechanisms   regulating   to   ensure  market   stability,   balance   of   supply   ­   demand   for   essential  products, products with monopoly nature for the economy 23 Fourth,   the   State   should   have   a   financial   mechanism   to  regulate monopoly profits serving for the needs of society. Apply  the   enterprise   basic   income   tax   rate   higher   than   normal   for  monopolies which have excess profits, perform additional income  tax, implement norms of maximum control with expenses such as  advertising,   marketing,   salaries     to   promote   savings,   reduce  costs, lower price Fifth,   strengthen   the   inspection   and   supervision   of   the  management   agency   over   the   commodity   or   products   with  monopoly nature Sixth, control production costs of monopolies. Accordingly, it  is necessary to check the cost of production, price of goods when  there is price fluctuation 3.2.5   Strengthen   cooperation   with   the   institutions   of   the   region and the world in antimonopoly activity Antimonopoly is still a very new aspect in Vietnam, but has a  long history in developing countries. Accordingly, it is necessary  to perform some of the following measures: First,   promote   exchanges,   research   experiences   with   other  countries,   especially   countries   with   economies   similar   to   our  country in building institution, management mechanism, control  of antimonopoly Second,   develop   mechanisms   to   exchange   and   share  information   between   countries   in   international   cooperation   to  investigate inter­border cartels To   promote   international   cooperation   between   competition  authorities   in   Vietnam   with   the   competition   authorities   in   the  region and the world in cartel investigations through the various  levels such as bilateral, regional or multilateral Coordinate   with   international   organizations   to   build  information   management   system   integrated   in   the   field   of  competition Third,   promote   cooperation   in   the   training   of   competition  management staff. Cooperate with international organizations and  24 foreign agencies of competition; hold short­term training courses  on investigative skills for the investigators of Vietnam Conclusion of chapter 3 Antimonopoly   is   a   difficult   and   complicated   issue.  Therefore   it   is   necessary   to   master   the   basic   notions   with  orientation   nature   For   antimonopoly   in   the   socialist­oriented  market   economy   to   achieve   good   results,   it   is   necessary   to  properly   implement   the   solutions   Each   measure   has   certain  position   and   role,   contributing   to  the   creation   of   a   competitive  environment, antimonopoly CONCLUSION 1. Based on the overview of research situation related to the  topic, it is the fellow’s opinion that the recognizing, evaluating in  a systematic way under the perspective of political economy from  a theoretical basis to the practice of antimonopoly in the socialist­ oriented   market   economy   in   our   country   today,   with   a  comprehensive view of the status of antimonopoly in the economy  of   our   country,   then   propose   solutions   in   antimonopoly   in   the  socialist­oriented market economy is a new issue, not a duplicate  of   other   published   researches,   with   both   theoretical   as   well   as  practical meanings in the current period in our country 2. Antimonopoly  in the socialist­oriented market economy  is  essentially   the   impact   of   state   and   economic   actors   on   the  enterprises   with   monopolistic   behavior   adversely   affecting   the  economy. Content of antimonopoly in the socialist­oriented market  economy  includes:   Anti   enterprises   abuse   dominant   position,  monopoly   position;   anti   enterprises   abuse   monopoly   state   to  become   enterprise   monopoly;   anti   agreements   of   limiting  competition of monopolies; anti the unreasonable price fixing for  25 high monopoly profits; control concentrated economic activity of  enterprises tending to form a dominant position, monopoly position 3. In our country in recent years, the situation of monopoly is  complicated:   the   phenomenon   that   enterprises   abuse   dominant  market position, monopoly position still exists; enterprises abuse  state   monopoly   to   become   monopoly   businesses,   serving   their  own interests; operation of agreements in restricting competition  of monopolies is increasingly sophisticated; unreasonable price­ fixing   activities   for   monopoly   profit   of   monopolies   have   a  negative impact on society and the people; the concentration of  economic activities of enterprises to establish a dominant position,  monopoly position tends to increase   Antimonopoly  in   the   socialist­oriented   market   economy  recently   has   made   significant   achievements,   contributing   to   the  creation   of   a   competitive   environment,   ensuring   the   stability   and  development   of   the   economy   However,   there   are   still   many  limitations and shortcomings in both institution and implementation.  These advantages and disadvantages are due to various objective and  subjective reasons in which the subjective ones are dominant and  play an important role. Four issues in antimonopoly in our country's  economy are the basic ones. The good resolution of these issues will  contribute to the antimonopoly to be effective 5. For antimonopoly in the socialist­oriented market economy  in the coming time to be effective, it requires a thorough study of  four   mentioned   perspectives,   then   perform   well   following  solutions:   Continue   to   improve   institutions   of   the   socialist­ oriented market economy in which the focus is to create a healthy  competitive   environment;   enhance   the   role   of   subjects   in   the  management of competition, antimonopoly; continue to organize,  innovate,   enhance   the   competitiveness   of   the   state­owned  enterprises in the economy; effectively use the tools of economic  26 management of the State in the control, anti­monopoly; strengthen  cooperation with the institutions of the region and the world in  antimonopoly ... notions   of   enterprise   antimonopoly   in   the socialist oriented market economy of our country today in the coming time 3.1.1. Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy  ... a theoretical basis to the practice of antimonopoly in the socialist oriented   market   economy   in   our   country   today,   with   a  comprehensive view of the status of antimonopoly in the economy of   our. .. monopoly in the socialist oriented market economy 1.2.1   The   concept   of   enterprise   anti­monopoly   in   the   socialist oriented market economy Antimonopoly in the socialist oriented market economy is the