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Bài viết làm rõ một số nét về vai trò của nhân dân tỉnh Bắc Kạn đối với an toàn khu của trung ương ở chợ Đồn, đánh giá căn cứ địa Việt Bắc đối với cách mạng Việt Nam. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo bài viết để cùng nắm chi tiết nội dung nghiên cứu.
NHAN DAN TINH BAG KAN Vfll AN TOAN KHU CUA TRUNG UOfNG or CHO DON TRONG KHANG CHIEN CHONG PHAP (1945-1954) Au THI H O N G THAM* A n toin khu (ATK) ciia Trung fldng gifl vai trd to ldn doi vdi thing ldi cua cuoc khing chie^n cho'ng Phip Da cd khong it cong trinh, bai viet de cip de'n nhflng khia canh khic cua ATK, dd ATK cua Trung fldng d Dinh Hda (Thii Nguyen) dfldc nghien cflu k h i nhieu Tuy nhien, ATK ciia Trung fldng d Chd Ddn, tinh Bic Kan vd'n la mgt nhflng mit xich het sflc quan trgng, cdn chfla dfldc chu y mgt cich thda ding Trong pham vi cua bii viet niy, chung t6i chi muon lam ro mgt s6' net ve vai trd ciia nhan d i n tinh Bic Kan doi vdi ATK ciia Trung fldng d Chd Ddn Dinh gii cao vi tri vai trd cin cfl dia Viet Bic d6l vdi cich mang Viet Nam, nen sau Cich mang thing Tim thinh cdng, Chii tich Hd Chi Minh d i cii d6ng chf Pham V i n Ddng v i mgt sd ddng chi khic d lai Viet Bic de cung c6' cin cfl dia cich mang Khi nguy cd chien tranh xim Ifldc ciia thflc d i n P h i p dang ngiy cing tdi gin, t h i n g 11-1946, Trung fldng Dang tiep tuc cii ddng chi Nguyin Lfldng Bing va Trin Ding Ninh trd lai Viet Bic chuan hi dia ban xay dflng cin cfl dia khang chie'n Mgt so' xa thugc Dinh Hda, Dai Tfl, Vo Nhai (thugc tinh Thii Nguyen), Chd Ddn, Chd Ra cu (thugc tinh Bic Kan), Sdn Dfldng, Yen Sdn, Chiem Hda (thugc Th.S, Tinh Bfie Kan tinh Tuyen Quang) m i trung tam l i Dinh Hda, Chd Ddn, Sdn Dfldng, Yen Sdn dfldc chgn lam ATK, ndi d va lim viec cua cic cd quan Trung fldng Dang, Chfnh phu trfldng hdp chie'n tranh bung no, phai rflt khdi Thu d6 H i Ngi Nhfl viy, ATK Chd Ddn (Bic Kan) cd vi tri het sflc quan trgng Va tren thflc te, ndi day vfla l i cd sd cua cic cd quan Trung fldng Dang va Chfnh phu, Bg Tdng tham mflu (1), vfla la ndi cac cd quan, xfldng miy, kho t i n g cua Trung fldng ddng (2) ATK Chd Ddn la khu vflc cic xa phfa Nam v i Tiy Nam ciia huyen Chd Ddn Phfa Nam giap huyen Dinh Hda (Thai Nguyen), phfa Tiy giip cic huyfn Yen Sdn, Chiem Hda (Tuyen Quang) Dd l i dia bin chien Ifldc thuan ldi, nui non trung diep co tic dung che di'u Iflc Ifldng, quin chung nhin din thuIn hiu, chi't phic, trung thinh vdi cich mang Theo td tien ta thi dd li ndi 'Thien thdi dia ldi nhan hda", thee Hd Chi Minh l i ndi "Tien kha di cong, thoii kha di thu" Die biet, vflng n i m tren dfldng Nam tien theo chu trfldng cua Hd Chi Minh, ddng chf Vo Nguyen Giip tnic tiep chi dao, l i ndi Cd cd sd v i phong trio cich mang vflng chic, sdm gianh dfldc chfnh quyen Y thflc dfldc tam quan trgng cua vi'n de, n h i n d i n tinh Bic Kan da vfldt moi khd Rhan dan tinh Bac Kan vdi Kn toan hhu 57 khin, gian khd de xay dflng, bao ve va phuc vu ATK cua Trung fldng d Chd Ddn trdng khing chien cho'ng P h i p (1945-1954) (Ban Thi) v i Ban Loin (Yen Thinh), Dii tieng ndi Viet Nam v i Trai nuoi tre cua cin bg khing chien thi ddng d Phja Khao Tfl cudi n i m 1946 v i nhflng nim tiep theo vdi nhflng khoang thdi gian khic n i m khing chie'n chd'ng Phip, ATK Chd Ddn da tiep n h i n nhieu cd quan, xfldng miy, kho t i n g cua Trung fldng Phja Khao ciing la ndi d v i lim viec ciia Nha Nghien cflu ky thuat quan sfl dfldi sfl chi dao cua ong Trin Dai Nghia Dfldc sfl giflp dd cua chfnh quyen, quan v i din dia phfldng, Nha Nghien cflu da che tao dfldc nhflng vu quan trgng phuc vu khing chie'n (4) Xi Yen Thinh cii bao gdm cic x i Ban Thi, Yen Thinh v i Yen Thfldng la ndi tiep nhan sdm nhi't cic cd quan, cdng xfldng, kho ting cua Trung fldng Bing phfldng tien t i u hda loai nhd v i godng chay tren tuyen dfldng s i t Dim Hdng (Chiem Hda, Tuyen Quang) - Ban Thi (Chd Ddn, Bic Kan) (3), tfl cuoi nim 1946 v i diu nim 1947, Nha Tiep te (thugc Bg Kinh te) da chuyen hing chuc ti'n mu6l len Ban Ciu trfl vio kho d Khudn Lia v i hing trim ti'n hang hoi, vit lifu, may mdc len Ban Thi, Leo Hiu, Khuon True thugc xa Yen Thinh cu Ban Thi l i ndi cd quing kem, chi, bac la nhflng nguyen lieu ra't can cho viec nghien cflu, san xui't vu khf, d dd cd cd sd vat chi't cu nhfl n h i cita, mgt so' miy mdc khai thic quing ciia P h i p dfldc n h i nfldc quan ly, die biet l i cd nha miy thuy dien nhd, tram bflu dign v i dfldng diy dien thoai Ban Thi - Dim Hdng Bdi the, Xfldng quin gidi ciia Trung fldng (cdn ggi la Xfldng H52) chuyen de'n Ban Thi Luc diu xfldng dat d Ld Rang (ten ggi cd sd rang quang thdi Phip), ve sau de dip flng nhu ciu khing chie'n cing ldn, xfldng chuyen d i u ciu Ban Nhfldng Viec san xui't vu khf ri't cin de'n nguyen lieu chi, viy, cd sd khai thic due quing chi d Deo An ddi, cdn ggi la Xfldng Bic Sdn, thu hflt nhieu nien d Bail Thi tham gia Xfldng miy in tien cua Bg Tii chfnh ddng d Ban Thi Tdng dii v6 tuyen dien tflng ddng d Phja Khao (Ban Thi), Din La Tai xa Yen Thinh cu co Cue Quan y cua Bg Quo'c phdng (luc d i u ddng d Khuon True, Leo Hau, bi quin P h i p cin quel, t h i n g 10-1947, chuyen vao Liing Phen), cd quan Bio Cdu qud'c ddng d Che Ngu De bao dam an toin, cic cd quan Trung fldng khdng ddng l i u mgt chd, thfldng thay ddi chd d, m6i ndi mgt n i m hay vii thing, sau dd chuyen dai bg p h i n di chd khic mgt thdi gian rdi quay lai hoic co cd quan chuyen di h i n Dd d vio vi trf de ding lien lac, qua lai vdi cac ATK Trung fldng d Dinh Hoi, Sdn Dfldng, Yen Sdn nen cic xa phfa Nam cua huyen dfldc chgn l i m ndi ddng cua cic cd quan Trung fldng Dang, Chinh Phu va Bg Quo'c phong Ndi d v i l i m viec cua Hd Chu tich nhflng n i m 1950 - 1951 dfldc chgn d Ddi N i P i u thugc Ban Thft, xa Lfldng Bing Trfldc dd, Ngfldi cdn d va lam viec thdi gian ngin (tfl 7-12-1947 de'n cudi t h i n g 12-1947) tai Ban Ca, xa Binh Trung Ddng chf Tdng Bf thfl Trfldng Chinh v i V i n phdng Trung fldng Dang nhflng nam 1950-1951 d Khudi Linh, xa Nghia T i Ddi Khau Ma, xa Lfldng Bing l i ndi d v i l i m viec cua ddng chf Pham V i n Ddng v i Hgi ddng Chfnh phu khoang thdi gian tfl 1950-1951 Cd quan Bg Tdng tham mflu d N i Quin, Ban Tud'm, Khudi Ang x i Binh Trung Nhflng n i m 1950-1951, cac ddng chi V5 Nguyen Giip, Nguyin Chi Thanh, Hoing Vin Thii thfldng qua lai lam viec d diy 5S Dia diem Tong Quin la ndi Bg tdng Tham mflu td chflc hai Hgi nghi tdng ke't cac chie'n dich Bien gidi 1950 v i Dfldng so' 18 vio cudi n i m 1950 va d i u n i m 1951 Chu tich Hd Chf Mmh va Tdng Bf thfl Trung fldng Dang - Trfldng Chinh d i tdi dfl v i hui'n thi cho ca hai Hgi nghi Cd quan ngoai giao Dai sfl quin Trung Qud'c d Ban Mdn (Lfldng Bing) Viet Nam Thong ti'n xa d N i Tong (Nghia Ta), Bao Su That d Khudi D i m (Nghia Ti) Dang bg Chd Ddn ph6l hdp vdi dgi cong tic dae biet d i dinh phfldng i n xiy dflng vung cin cfl theo cic yeu cau: bao ve an toin cho cin cfl, cung co' v i xay dflng mdi he tho'ng thong tin lien lac, chuan hi s i n sang chien di'u va day manh ting gia san xui't, bao dam h i u cin tai chd P h i t huy tinh t h i n yeu nfldc, truyen thd'ng di'u tranh cich mang, n h i n dan cic dan tgc tai cic dia phfldng ndi tren da s i n sang tiep nhan, giup dd ndi in, chd d tam thdi tfl nhflng ngiy diu Cic Iflc Ifldng vu trang, nien xung phong v i ddng bio cic d i n tgc, nhi't l i d khu vflc ATK da ddng gdp nhieu cdng sflc, tfl viec van chuyen cd quan, khai thic nguyen v i t lieu den viec xay dflng n h i ciia, lan trai cho cic cd quan, khd ting, xfldng miy Thanh nien xung phong ciia cic xa dfldc coi la Iflc Ifldng thfldng trflc phoi hdp vdi d i n quin, du kich xa lam ndng cd't cho phong trio toin dan xay dflng ATK Viec van chuyen dd doan, miy mdc, nguyen vit heu, Ifldng thflc, mudi in vdi khol Iflgng ldn, tfl ngoii dfldng den cac vi tri an toan, nim siu cic khe nfli, h i u het la Iflc Ifldng vfl trang vi nien mang vie Liic Ifldng vu trang cua huyen v i cic xi cd cd quan, khd ting cdn trflc tiep tham gia t u l n tra, phdi hdp vdi canh ve canh gac, bao ve an toan Nhflng tram gic vdng ngoai Rghien cuu Lich siir si510.2010 ciia ATK nhfl chin Deo So (Binh Trung), Tum Td (Bing Lang), Ban Cau (Yen Thinh) , deu cd sfl tham gia ciia Iflc Ifldng vu trang Chd Ddn Trong pham vi tflng xi dat ATK, d i n quin du kich ludn ludn s i n sang chie^n dau, flng phd vdi mgi tinh hinh Viec gifl gin bf mat, dam bao an toan cho cic cd quan Trung fldng v i tinh dfldc quin triet v i tuyen truyen can mat n h i n din Khau hieu "Ba khong" (kh6ng biet, kh6ng thi'y, khong nghe), da dfldc n h i n dan thflc hien nghiem tflc Tfl khau hieu tuyen truyen da bien t h i n h khau hieu h i n h dgng, mgi ngfldi d i n huyen, nhi't l i khu vflc ATK, da neu cao trich nhiem bao mat Cac tram giao thong lien lac ATK v i vdi cic cd sd ngdii huyen dfldc to chflc, nhan vien, can bg giao thdng dfldc tuyen Ifla nien d khu vflc ATK Trdng bi't ky tinh hudng nio, vfldt qua mgi khd khin, gian nguy, cic lien lac vien mang thfl, cic tii lieu cua Dang, Chfnh phii v i quin dgi deu bao dam thdng su6't, an toin v i kip thdi Sfl quan t i m giflp dd cua Dang bg va n h i n d i n cic d i n tgc Chd Ddn d6l vdi cic cd quan, gia dinh cin bg theo chdng di khing chie'n d i tao dieu kien cho cic cd quan Trung fldng vfldt qua dfldc nhflng khd k h i n nam dau tdng di chuyen len ATK, can cfl dia khing chie'n Ngfldc lai, qui trinh xiy dflng, p h i t trien cd sd Dang, ciing cd va kien toin bg miy chfnh quyen, doin the quin chung cic ci'p Dang bg v i n h i n d i n cic dan tgc Chd Ddn, die biet l i khu vflc ATK ludn n h i n dfldc sfl chi dao trflc tiep cua Tinh uy, Khu uy cung nhfl sfl giup dd to ldn cua cac cd quan Trung fldng Cic cd quan Trung fldng thfldng xuyen lien he chit che vdi nhan din, dgng vien mgi ngfldi h i n g h i i tham gia khing chie'n, kien quoc, hfldng din Rhan dan tinh Bdc Kan vin Rn toan khu 59 nhan din xiy dflng ddi sd'ng mdi, bid ve bf mat, an toan cic cd quan ATK Mgt sd cd quan cdn cii cin bg giup dd dia phfldng xiy dflng td chflc Dang, cung co' chinh quyen, md mang vin hoa, giio due Trong chien dich Viet Bic Thu - Dong 1947, de giai phdng que hfldng, bao ve an toan ATK cua trung fldng ddng tren dia bin, gdp phan lam thi't bai ke hoach dinh nhanh thing nhanh cua thflc dan Phip, dfla cuoc khing chie'n phat trien sang giai doan mdi, quan va dan Chd Ddn da phdi hdp vdi bg dgi dia phfldng v i quin chii Iflc anh dung chie'n da'u tieu diet sinh Iflc dich ve Yen Nhuan de cin quet khu vflc De'n N i Chao (Yen Nhuan), dich nd sflng dfl dgi vio mgt ddn vi du kich lim mgt ddng chf hy sinh v i mgt ddng chi khac bi thfldng Mgt tieu dgi du kich khic dang luc l i m nhiem vu canh gic cho n h i n d i n gat Ifla d gin dd, nghe tieng sung no nhanh chdng phoi hdp vdi trung dgi bg dgi chu Iflc tieu doin 102 (thugc Trung doan 165 tflc Trung doin Thii d6) td chflc phuc kich Nhd th6ng thad dia hinh, quin ta chgn dfldc dia the thuan ldi de mai phuc, Chd quin dich tdi gin, quan ta nhi't Idat nd sflng, nem lflu dan, diet ten rdi rut lui an toan (6) Du kich Chd Ddn phdi hdp vdi cic ddn vi bg dgi, die biet l i Dai dgi dgc lip 653 tien hinh cung c6' cac tran dia cu v i xiy dflng them mgt s6' t r i n dia mdi tren cac nga dfldng tfl Phfldng Vien di Nggc Phii, de'n R i Ban v i sang Dai Sao Thing ldi tren ghi them mgt chie'n cdng ciia cic Iflc Ifldng vfl trang Chd Ddn, gdp phan lim thi't bai mflu ciia thflc d i n Phap cuoc ti'n c6ng len Viet Bic De kho'ng che dfldng Bic Kan - Chd Ddn, thflc dan Phap da cho quan nhay dfl xudng Chd Ddn, chiem ddng vi tri ddn cu d Phfldng Vien (chiu ly cu) v i tung mgt bg phin ddng ch6't d D6ng Vien Ngiy 10-101947, Iflc Ifldng quin P h i p tfl Phfldng Vien tien ve Yen Thinh, Lan Thi, khep din ggng kim ve phfa Tay Nim dfldc hfldng h i n h quan ciia dich, trung dgi du kich thoat ly cua huyen phdi hdp vdi bg dgi chii Iflc td chflc phuc kich tai (deo) K6o Phay Dflng vao luc quin dich Igt vao tran dia mai phuc, quin ta nd sflng ti'n cdng Bi dinh bi't ngd, quan dich phai thio chay qua deo (5) Chfla dat dfldc muc tieu diet quin chu Iflc va cd quan dau nao khing chien ciia Viet Nam, v i cung chfla khep kin dfldc ggng kim theo ke hocich, quin P h i p d Bic Kan tang vien binh cho Chd Ddn Ngay 1810-1947, quin P h i p huy dgng liic Ifldng khoang 80 linh, tfl Bic Kan tien vao Chd Ddn, Theo hfldng Tiy Nam, quin Phap tien Thflc hien menh lenh cua Bg Tdng chi huy, cin bg, chien si Trfldng V5 Bi tam thdi td chflc t h i n h Trung doin 79 ddng chf Hoing Dao Thuy lam Trung doan trfldng, ddng chf Le Dinh l i m Chfnh tri vien, tfl Bic Kan qua Ba Be da de'n Ban Thi 15-10-1947 Tai day, Trung doan chia lim hai bg phin: Doan cic ddng chf Hoang Dao Thuy v i Le Dinh chi huy cd nhiem vu phdi hdp vdi d i n quan, du kich chin danh dich tfl Chd Ddn de'n Ban Thi Ddin da cd sfl phdi hdp Iflc Ifldng vu trang huyen lip nhieu chie'n cdng Doin ddng chf Phan Phic, Tdng Dgi trfldng chi huy tien ve phfa Tiy, phuc kfch quin P h i p tai km so' dfldng s i t Dam Hdng - Ban Thi vio sing 18-10-1947, giinh t h i n g ldi diet 38 ten, lim bi thfldng gin 20 ten, chin dflng cuoc hanh quin tfl Chiem Hda len Ban Thi cua thflc dan P h i p Cflng thdi gian (dem 18-10), dfldc sfl giup dd ciia nhin din, sfl phoi hdp cua quin du kfch xi Yen Thinh, Trfldng Vd Bi td chflc mgt dgi "Quye't tii' gdm chie'n si, Nguyen Bgi 60 Dong lam tieu dgi trfldng, bf mat tip kich ddn Yen Thinh, diet mgt s6' ten dich, p h i mgt dai lien, ddng chi Dong bi thfldng vin binh tinh chi huy quin nit lui an toan Lflc Ifldng quan P h i p gin 300 ten tfl Chd Ra (Ba Be), tie'n sang Ban Thi de tim cich hgi q u i n vdi lflc Ifldng cua binh ddin Commuynan tai Dai Thi (Chiem Hoa, Tuyen Quang), de'n N i Ngang bi du kfch xa Mlu Ninh (Ba Be) phuc kfch diet ten Ngay 20-10, chflng tdi Ban Thi, each Dii Thi hdn 20km (7), Binh doin hon hdp linh thiiy dinh bg Commuynan tren dfldng hinh quan len Tuyen Quang, Chiem Hoi, lien tiep hi quin ta phuc kfch, hi thiet hai ning, nhi't li cic trin tren song L6 va hi chin dinh d Dim Hdng, nen khdng cd lien lac len Ban Thi Chiem ddng sau vung cin cfl khing chien ciia ta, quin Phip rdi vid tinh the hi co lip, cd nguy cd bi tdn thi't ning ne hdn, sau lin hi quin ta dinh dem 18-10, quin dich co' thu them ft ngiy rdi rut khdi Yen Thinh Theo ke hoach hai ggng kim, quin P h i p hdp diem tai Ban Thi ngiy 13-10-1947, sau dd hgi quin tai Dii Thi, song chung d i bi thi't bai, mfli dfli xuyen ngang ciia ke thfl qua Chd Ddn sang Tuyen Quang hi quin ta chat dflt Sau thi't bai t r i n ngiy 18-10, bg p h i n quin P h i p d Dim Hdng lieu linh theo dfldng s i t tien len Ban Thi de b i t lien lac, tdi ndi mdi biet l i quin P h i p vfla rut khdi ndi day, de t r i n h bi tieu diet huge chung phai quay trd lai diem xui't phit Phai ddi phd vdi the t r i n chien tranh nhan din, hi quin v i d i n Chd Ddn phuc kich v i chin danh khIp ndi, quin Phip hi thi't bai v i khdn do'n ve cac mit Ngay 1311-1947, chung phai lu Ifldt rut quan khdi Chd Ddn, keo ve thi xa Bic Kan Chd Ddn hdin toin giai phdng sau 37 ngiy dem chien di'u (8) Rghien cuu Lich siir s610.2010 Trong nhflng n i m 1951-1953, thflc d i n Phap t i n g cfldng p h i hoai h i u phfldng va ATK khing chie'n tren dia ban Chd Ddn Miy bay dich nhieu l i n n6m bom giy thiet hai ve ngfldi v i ciia cho cic cd quan, xfldng may, khd tang Quan, d i n cic xa da neu cao tinh than doin ket, giup dd nhau, khic phuc h i u qua chie'n tranh dich giy ra, ddng thdi giup dd cic cd quan, xfldng miy, khd t i n g l i m lai l i n trai, nhanh chdng 6n dinh ndi san xui't va l i m viec Sau ngiy Bic Kan dfldc giai phdng (1949), dfldng sd tfl Ha Ngi len Thii Nguyen - Bic Kan - Cao Bing trd t h i n h dfldng giao thdng huyet mach cua cuoc khing chie'n Dfldng 29 (Chd Ddn - Bic Kan) l i dfldng quan trgng n6l lien ATK Chd Ddn vdi tinh ly Bic Kan v i cin cfl dia khing chie'n Viet Bic Do viy, tfl Chd Ddn dfldc giai phdng, chfnh quyen dia phfldng da nhieu l i n huy dgng d i n cong siia chfla, tu bd, md rong dfldng 29 De gdp sflc cho chie'n dich Bien gidi Thu - Ddng 1950, tfl t h i n g den t h i n g 3-1950, huyen Chd Ddn da huy dgng lien tuc ddt din cdng, moi ddt 500 ngfldi de s^a dfldng s6' bi p h i hoai ning ne chie'n tranh Nhd sfl nd lflc ddng gdp cua cac huyen, dd cd Chd Ddn, den thing 4-1950, dfldng da thdng xe, bao dam kip thdi cho cong cuoc chuan bi Chie'n dich Bien gidi Thu - Ddng 1950 Trong thing 10-1950, xay nhieu t r i n mfla lu, giy hfl hdng nhieu doan dfldng 29, dfldng Qud'c 16 sd 3, ddng bio cic din tgc huyen da dong gdp hing trim ngiy c6ng vao viec siia chfla Sau chie'n t h i n g Bien gidi Thu - Dong 1950, dfldng Qude 16 sd 3, cing trd t h i n h dfldng giad thong trgng yeu Vi thd, thflc d i n p h i p dung may bay sflc b i n p h i dfldng Do miy bay dich b i n p h i quye't liet, lim hfl hai ning ne nhieu Rhan dan tinh Bac Kan voi Rn toan hhu doan dfldng Qud'c 16 s6' 3, diu nam 1951, thflc hien ke hoach cua tinh, ba thing chie'n dich, Chd Ddn da huy dgng 3420 ngfldi vdi hdn 160 t r i u keo gd cong trfldng svia chfla cau dfldng (9) Nim 1952, l i n i m ddng bao cac din tgc d Chd Ddn da tap trung sflc ngfldi, sflc cua chd chien trfldng Tinh rieng t h i n g nim 1952, toan huyen d i huy dgng 4,500 din cong phuc vu c6ng t i e van chuyen cho quo'c phdng va hdn 100 d i n c5ng c6ng trfldng siia chfla ciu dfldng Qud'c 16 s6' 3, Ngoai tham gia hing van ngiy c6ng phuc vu chie'n dich giai phdng Bic Kan (1949), chie'n dich bien gidi (1950), s^a chfla ciu dfldng Qud'c 16 s6' 3, ddng bio cic din tgc vung ATK (Yen Thinh cu), Lfldng Bing, Nghia Ti huyen Chd Ddn, cdn thflc hien nhiem vu phuc vu ATK Hang thing hang chuc lao dgng van chuyen chi (tfl xf nghiep Bic Sdn) va tien (tfl xfldng in tien), vfl khf dan dfldc (tfl xfldng quan gidi) d Ban Thi de'n Bic Kan hoac ve khu vflc phia Nam huyen Ddi cdn cd nhflng ddt phuc vu dot xuit, t h i n g 9-1951, theo yeu ciu, huyen cii 33 ngfldi phuc vu Xfldng H52, ngfldi phuc vu xf nghiep Bic Sdn (10) Viec di chuyen dia diem v i xiy dflng cic cd quan trung fldng tren dia b i n huyen cflng dfldc nhan dan ndi diy ddng gdp hing ngin cdng lao dgng Diu n i m 1954, cdng tic van chuyen kho tang trd t h i n h yeu ciu ci'p thie't Thflc hien ke hoach cua tinh, t h i n g 4, Chd ddn da 16 chflc mgt doin gdm 50 xe trau v i 60 mang vin chuyen Ifldng thflc tfl Chd Ddn thi xi Bic Kan; ddng thdi td chflc mgt doan gdm 172 ngiia thd, chuyen Ifldng thflc cic xa phia Nam ciia huyen ve kho Chd Chu (Dinh Hdi, Thii Nguyen) (11) Ngdii ra, ddng bio cic din tgc huyen Chd Ddn cdn neu cao tinh than thflc hien 61 nghia vu cua h i u phfldng N i m 1950, thflc hien ldi hieu trieu b i n thdc nudi quan ciia Hd Chii tich, nhan dan cic d i n tgc Chd Ddn da ddng gdp 16.036 kg, dflng dau cic huyen tinh (12) Ddng thdi ddng bio cdn ddng gdp cic khoan: thdc dfl trfl: 40.000 kg, thdc cho bg dgi dia phfldng: 44.000kg, tien dd d i u 21 tieu dgi dia phfldng: 18.000 ddng, tien may quin ao cho bg dgi dia phfldng: 42.000 ddng, dflng d i u tinh Trdng phdng trid thflc hien ldi keu ggi tiet kiem "Hu gao khing chie'n", tfl thing de'n t h i n g n i m 1951, phu nfl Chd ddn d i ddng gdp dfldc 138 kg gad Chi em phu nfl cic dan tgc Chd Ddn neu cao tinh t h i n yeu nfldc, sflc ddng gdp cho k h i n g chie^n, t h i n g d i u n i m 1951 da quyen gdp 240 kg gao nep, nhieu loai thflc pham nhfl: rau, trflng, ca chua, mang tri gii gin 1.000 ddng, va 800 ddng tien m i t va mgt s6' dd dflng sinh hoat cho bg dgi Cic phong trao "Hfldng flng mfla ddng binh si", "Giup dd thfldng binh" deu dfldc ddng dao chi em hfldng flng, dat hi^u qua cao Ngiy 1-5-1951, Chfnh phu ban h i n h Sic lenh ve thue nong nghiep, nhim dam bao cdng bing ve nghia vu va quyen ldi cua ngfldi ndng dan ddi vdi n h i nfldc Vdi chfnh sich dd, viec thu thue^ ndng nghiep d Chd Ddn n i m 1951 dat dfldc nhflng ket qua ding khich le Tdng ket ddt diu (tfnh den t h i n g 9-1951) viec thflc hien ke hoach tfnh rieng d hai xa Nggc Bing v i Nhu Viin dfldc gin 80 ti'n, vfldt mflc ke hoach, toan huyen ca n i m thue chfnh t i n g dat 98,8 % ke hoach (13), Nim 1952, thue ndng nghiep toan huyen Chd Ddn dat dfldc 573.629 kg (14) Nam 1954, thu thue ndng nghiep ca hai loai chinh tang v i phu thu dat 906.838 kg, vfldt ke hdach 90 ti'n e2 Rghien cuu Lich si^ s6'10.2010 Ben canh dd, nhflng n i m khing chie'n huyen Chd Ddn da huy dgng ddng gop dfldc 6.300 ti'n thdc, 120 ti'n thit cic loai v i hdn 500 ti'n rau, cii, qua cic loai cho cuoc khang chie'n (15), Ve c6ng t i c q u i n sfl, n i m 1950, huyen Chd Ddn da lien tuc bd sung lflc Ifldng cho quan chii lflc, n h i m dap flng yeu cau cua cic chien dich dae biet l i chie'n dich Bien gidi Thu - Dong 1950 Tinh rieng ddt tuyen binh 27-4-1950, ca tinh Bic Kan cd nhiem vu tuyen 200 tan binh, thi Chd Ddn da cd 35 ngfldi tham gia len dfldng tdng quin giet giac D i u n i m 1952, toin huyen tuyen dfldc 89 ngfldi dat gin 90% sd vdi chi tieu tren giao, dflng hang d i u so vdi cic huyen Ddng - Xuan 1953 - 1954, em cic d i n tgc huyen Chd Ddn nao nflc xung phong n h i p ngu Tfnh rieng hai ddt tuyen quin d i u n i m 1953, Chd Ddn da tuyen CHU dfldc 99 ngfldi, \iidt 10% chi tieu ke hoach tinh giao (16) Trong chien dich lich sii Dien Bien Phu hang ngan nien cac dan tgc huyen da h i n g hai len dfldng tham gia chie'n di'u v i phuc vu chien da'u, gdp p h i n l i m nen chie'n t h i n g liy Iflng Dien Bien Phu chi'n dgng dia ciu Trong cuoc k h i n g chie'n, dan sd d huyen khong ddng nhflng Dang uy v i nhan din huyen Chd Ddn da cii 675 nien len dfldng n h i p ngu, 91 ngfldi di nien di xung pheng, 14 ngin ngfldi di tham gia dan cdng phuc vu chien dich Dien Bien Phu Nhin lai lich svi hdn 60 n i m qua Dang bg v i n h i n d i n cic dan tgc tinh Bic Kan ngiy tfl hio da cd vinh dfl tham gia xay dflng, bao ve v i phuc vu ATK cua Trung fldng d Chd Ddn gdp p h i n dfla cuoc khang chie'n ch6'ng P h i p den thing ldi ve vang THICH (1), T r u n g t a m cua ATK Chd Don thudc cac xa LUdng B i n g , Nghia Ta, Binh Trung (2) Nay thude dia phan cua xa Yen Thinh (cU) (3) Dudng sfit rdng 0,8 met ciiu che tao via dUdc phong anh hiing lao ddng la dong chi Ngd Gia Kham, sd'20/BC-HU ngdy 23-8-1954, Itfu tai Kho LUu trQ Tinh uy Bfie Kan (12), Nghi quye't Hgi nghi Ban chdp hdnh tinh Ddng bg Bdc Kgn hgp tii ngdy 17-4 de'n ngdy 20-4- (5) Huyen iiy Chd Don, Lich sii Bdng bg huyen Cho Don (1930-1954), Huyen uy Chd Don xua't ban, 1993, tr 63, 1950, luu tai Kho LUu trQ Tinh uy Bfie Kan, (13), Uy ban Khang chie'n Hanh chinh huy^n Chd Ddn, Bdo cdo thiic hien thue'nong nghiep huyen (6), (7) Dang liy - Bd ehi huy quan sU tinh Bac (1945-1954), bg huyen Cha Don ldn thii nhdt, lUu trii tai Kho LUu trii Tinh uy Bfie Kan, (11) Huyen uy Chd Ddn, Bdo cdo (4), Mdt nhUng ngUdi cua Nha Nghien Kan: Bac Kgn lich sii khdng (10) Ban Chap h a n h Dang bd huyen Chd Ddn, Bdo cdo Bgi hgi Bdng chie'n chdng Cha Ddn, lUu tai Kho LUu trQ Tinh uy Bfie Kan Phdp (14), Uy ban Khang chie'n H a n h chinh huyen Nxb Quan ddi N h a n dan, Ha Ndi, Chd Ddn, Bdo cdo ndm 1952, lUu tai Kho LUu trQ 2001, tr 110, 111 (8) Tinh Dang bd Bfie Kan, Bdo cdo ba thdng ihU nhdt ndm 1949, lUu tai kho LUu trQ tinh iiy Bfie Kan tinh uy Bfie Kan, (15) Cha Don anh hiing Bao Bfie Kan, sd' dfi.-; biet (14-12-2000) (9), Uy ban Khang chie'n Hfinh chinh tinh Bfie Kan, (16) Uy ban Khang chien Hanh chinh huyfn Bdo cdo thdnh tich sita dUdng Bac Kan, lUu trii tai Kho Chd Ddn, Bdo cdo thdng ddu ndm 1953, luu tai lUu trQ Ban Nghien ciiu Lieh sii Dang Thai Nguyen, Kho LUu trQ tinh iiy Bfie Kan ... din Rhan dan tinh Bdc Kan vin Rn toan khu 59 nhan din xiy dflng ddi sd'ng mdi, bid ve bf mat, an toan cic cd quan ATK Mgt sd cd quan cdn cii cin bg giup dd dia phfldng xiy dflng td chflc Dang,... tinh iiy Bfie Kan tinh uy Bfie Kan, (15) Cha Don anh hiing Bao Bfie Kan, sd' dfi.-; biet (14-12-2000) (9), Uy ban Khang chie'n Hfinh chinh tinh Bfie Kan, (16) Uy ban Khang chien Hanh chinh huyfn...Rhan dan tinh Bac Kan vdi Kn toan hhu 57 khin, gian khd de xay dflng, bao ve va phuc vu ATK cua Trung fldng d Chd Ddn trdng khing chien cho'ng P h i p (1945-1954) (Ban Thi) v i Ban Loin