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Bài viết trình bày nhận thức và quan điểm của Việt Nam về cộng đồng Asean và các trụ cột; quan điểm của Việt Nam về các giải pháp và biện pháp cần thực hiện để xây dựng AC; một số nhận xét về nhận thức và quan điểm của Việt Nam về AC...
CONG DONG ASEAN TRONG NHAN THUD VA QUAN DIEM CUA VIET NAM NGUYEN THU MY* T h i n g 11-2003, tai Hdi nghi ThQdng dinh ASEAN l l n thQ hpp d Bali, InddnSxia, cic n h i lanh dao ASEAN d i thdng qua Tuyen bd Hda hpp ASEAN II, dd di muc tieu t h i n h l i p Cdng ddng ASEAN diia tren ba tru cdt l i Cdng ddng An ninh ASEAN (ASC), Cdng ddng Kinh td ASEAN (AEC) v i Cpng ddng Vin hda - Xa hdi ASEAN (ASCC) Vdi vi^c xay dting t h i n h cdng AC, Tlm nhin ASEAN n i m 2020 ve mpt cpng ddng cic qude gia Ddng Nam A gin kdt vdi b i n g quan h$ ddi t i c p h i t trien ning d§ng, mpt khu vUc kinh td p h i t trien v i m^t c§ng ddng cac xa hdi dum bpc l l n nhau, m i cac n h i lanh dao ASEAN da de tQ t h i n g 12-1997 tai Kuala Lumpur, sg dupe hi$n thiic hda Xay dung Cdng ddng ASEAN l i Ipi Ich v i trich nhi^m chung cda ti't ca cac nUdc t h i n h vien, dd cd Vi^t Nam N h i n thdc rd didu dd, nhQng n i m qua, nUdc ta da tich cUc tham gia v i cd nhieu ddng gdp vio qua trinh xiy diing AC NhQng ddng gdp dd cua Vipt Nam xult phat td nhQng n h i n thQc v i quan diem tich ci^c cua nUdc ta ve AC v i cac try cpt cua nd Viy Vipt Nam da n h i n thQc ve AC nhu thd nio? NhQng n h i n thQc dd cd gi ' PGS.TS Vi§n NghiSn cQu Ddng Nam A khac so vdi n h i n thQc cua cac nUdc vien khic? Dd l i nhQng ndi dung m i bai viet se de cip tdi L NHAN THtrC VA QUAN DIEM CUA VIET NAM VE CONG DONG ASEAN VA CAC TRV COT Nh&n t h d c c u a Viet Nam ve AC va c&c t r u cot Cung nhu cac nQdc vien khac cua ASEAN, Vipt nam hoan nghenh ke hoach xiy diing Cdng ddng ASEAN cua Hipp hdi Theo quan diem cua Vipt Nam, vipc xiy dting Cpng ddng ASEAN l i mdt boat ddng "hudng tdi tUdng lai" v i l i "ly tudng cao dpp" cua ASEAN Muc tieu tdng quat cua AC "li xay diing Hipp hdi mdt td chQc lien chinh phu vQng manh vdi mQc lien ket siu sic hdn va tren cd sd phap ly la Hidn chUdng ASEAN, nhUng khdng phai l i mdt td chQc sieu qude gia, khdp kin, mi vin md rdng hdp tie vdi ben ngoai" (1) Quan diem tren cua Viet Nam ve AC cd mi'y diem dang chu y sau: Thd nhd't, Cdng ddng ASEAN vin l i mdt td chQc lien chinh phii nhU nd vdn li nhu viy Diem khac biet giQa Hiep hdi cac qud'c gia Ddng Nam A v i Cdng ddng ASEAN l i d chd, AC mQc dp lien ket khu viic se "sau sic hdn" Ve ndn tang phip 42 Rghien cihi Lich sd s6 6.2009 ly giQa ASEAN v i AC cung cd sti khac bipt Trong cd sd phap ly cua ASEAN la Tuyen bd B i n g Cd'c 1967, thi cd sd phap ly cua AC la Hien chUdng ASEAN Hai diem khac biet n i y se lam cho ASEAN trd "mdt td chQc lien chinh phu vQng manh hdn" so vdi nd hien Do tinh chi't tren cua AC, nd se khdng phai l i "mpt td chdc sieu qud'c gia" nhU EU r i n g Tuy nhien, k h i c vdi cac n h i lanh dao ASEAN 6, cac n h i l i n h dao Viet Nam khdng quan tam nhieu tdi viec phat trien ndi dung cua ASC, AEC hay ASCC, m i tip trung l i m rd cac muc tieu va tinh chi't cua cac tru cdt cua AC Khuynh hUdng tU the hipn rd cac phat bieu gin diy cua cac nha lanh dao v i cic quan chdc cao ci'p cda Viet Nam vd AC Thd hai, AC l i mpt cdng ddng md Tinh chi't "khdng khep kin" va "md" cua AC dUdc Viet Nam hieu l i "md rdng hdp tie vdi ben ngoai." Khai niem "md" khac vdi khai nipm "md" (openness) cua APEC m i Viet Nam dang tham gia vdi tu each vien Trong APEC, "chu nghla khu vtic md" vQa cd nghia l i md cda cho sii tham gia cua cic nUdc ben ngoii, vQa cd nghla chia se cac t h i n h qua hpi nhap kinh te cho cac nUdc khdng phai vien Trong k h i i nipm "md" cua ASEAN cung nhU cua Viet Nam khdng cd vd thQ hai nhu khii nipm "md" cua APEC Ching han, b i i vidt ve hpp tie chi'nh tri - an ninh ASEAN ding tren Die san cua bao "The gidi & Viet Nam", sd nhan ky nipm 40 n i m ngiy t h i n h lip ASEAN, Phd Thu tUdng kiem Bd trUdng Bd Ngoai giao Pham Gia Khiem cho ring: "Cdng ddng An ninh ASEAN khdng nhim tao khdi phdng thu chung, m i muc tieu l i tao diing mdt mdi trUdng hoi binh v i an ninh cho phat trien d khu vUc Ddng Nam A thdng qua vipc nang hdp tac chinh tri - an ninh ASEAN len t l m eao mdi, vdi sii tham gia, ddng gdp xiy diing cua cac ddi t i c ben ngoii" (3) Phat bieu tren cua dng Pham Gia Khiem cho thi'y quan diem cua Vipt Nam ve ASC bao gdm ndi dung sau: Quan diem ciia Viet Nam vd AC vda cd nhieu diem tUdng ddng vdi quan diem cua cac nUdc vien khac, vQa cd sii khac biet Su tUdng ddng l i d chd, cQng nhU cac nudc ASEAN, Viet Nam hieu AC l i cdng ddng cua cac qud'c gia dde lap, cung chia se nhQng ldi Ich chung h o i binh va phat trien d Ddng Nam A Mdt la, ASC l i budc phat trien cao hdn cua hdp t i c chi'nh tri- an ninh ASEAN Hai Id, muc dich cua ASC l i "tao dting mdt mdi trUdng hoa binh v i an ninh cho phat trien d khu vUc Ddng Nam A," chd khdng n h i m tao mdt khdi phdng thu chung nhu NATO hipn nay, hay SEATO trUdc day Tuy nhien, khac vdi Inddnexia, vd'n cho r i n g AC cac nUdc vien se chia se cac gii tri chung v i mdt " d m n h i n chung ve chung ta - we feeling", hay l i Philippin, vd'n xem l i AC nhU mpt "lien minh Ddng Nam A (Southeast Asia Union), Viet Nam chi xem AC la mdt td chQc lien chinh phu (2) manh ma thdi Khai nipm ASC vdi ndi dung tren cua Vipt Nam cQng chinh l i khai nipm ASC cua ASEAN Ddi vdi cac tru cdt cua AC, cac n h i lanh dao Viet Nam cung cd quan diem ri't rd Ddi vdi tru cot AEC, cac n h i l i n h dao Viet Nam cung khdng p h i t trien them cac Ba Id, n h l n manh tdi t l m quan trpng cua sU tham gia cua cac ddi tie ben ngoii ddi vdi sii cdng cua ASC C6ng ddng ?lsgan hxing nhfin Ihiirc ndi dung cua khai niem n i y m i chi truyen ba nhQng npi dung ve AEC da dQdc cac nUdc ASEAN nha't tri Trong bii viet nhan ky niem 41 n i m lip ASEAN, Phd Thu tudng kiem Bd trUdng Bd Ngoai giao Pham Gia Khiem k h i n g dinh: "Cpng ddng kinh te ASEAN n h i m muc tieu tao mdt thi trUdng chung nhi't v i cd sd san xui't thd'ng nha't dd cd sU luu chuyen til cua h i n g hoa, dich vu, d i u tu, vd'n v i lao ddng; tQ dd nang cao tinh canh tranh v i thuc day sU thinh vUdng chung cho d khu vUc; tao sdc h i p d i n vdi d i u tU, kinh doanh tQ ben ngoai" (4) Ddi vdi Cdng ddng v i n hoa - xa hdi ASEAN, theo Phd Thu tUdng Pham Gia Khiem, muc tieu tdng q u i t cua Cgng ddng niy "la phuc vu v i nang cao chi't lUdng cudc sd'ng cua ngUdi dan ASEAN, se t i p trung xd ly cac vi'n de lien quan tdi binh ding v i cdng b i n g xa hgi, ban sic v i n hda, mdi trudng, t i c ddng cua toin clu hda v i khoa hpc cdng nghp" (5) Quan diem cua Viet Nam ve AEC v i ASSC ve cd ban, cung tUdng tii nhU quan diem cua cac nUdc ASEAN khac Tuy nhien, cac nUdc ASEAN nhi'n manh nhieu tdi an ninh ngUdi, coi an ninh ngUdi la mpt muc tieu cda ASSC, thi Viet Nam khdng de cip tdi khia canh tren Didu n i y cd the l i Viet Nam cd che dp chinh tri, hoan canh lich sd v i sU p h i t trien khac vdi p h l n Idn cac nUdc ASEAN Quan diem ve gia tri ciia nUdc ta cd nhQng diem khac biet vdi cac nUdc t h i n h vien khic cua ASEAN Vipc thao luin ve nhQng vi'n dd niy khdng nhQng khdng the di tdi sU ddng t h u i n , m i cdn cd the gay cing t h i n g quan hp giQa cac nUdc vdi Cd le chinh vi viy, Vipt Nam khdng tham gia thao l u i n vi'n de nhay d m tren 43 Q u a n d i e m c u a Viet N a m ve cac giai p h a p va c a c b i e n p h a p c a n thiic hien de xay dUng AC De xiy diing cdng AC, cung nhU Thu tudng Malaixia Badawi, Thu tUdng Nguyen Tan Dung cho r i n g ASEAN can "phai tti ddi mdi minh ve nhieu mat" Day la mdt "nhipm vu quan trpng" cua Hiep hgi cac qude gia Ddng Nam a hipn (6) Tuy nhien, ddi mdi ASEAN khdng cd nghla la tQ bd nhQng nguyen tic hoat dgng da dUdc thd thach qua thdi gian v i tao nen cac gii tri cua ASEAN nhU: tdn trpng dgc lip, chu quyen cua mdi nUdc; khdng can thiep vao cdng viec ndi bd cua nhau; ddng thuin, thdng nhi't da dang; hpp tac v i lien ket tren cd sd binh ding cung cd ldi Bdi vi, theo Thu tUdng Viet Nam, "Dd la sii Ilia chpn dung d i n de giiip nhdm thiic hien muc tieu xay diing cpng ddng ASEAN vdi uy tin toin cau cao" (7) Quan diem tren cua Thu tudng Viet Nam gin gui vdi quan diem ciia cac nha lanh dao Lao, Mianma vi d Malaixia Tuy nhien, khac vdi quan diem cua Viet Nam, Thu tUdng Malaixia Badawi cho ring bdi canh toan d u hoa, "Cac khai niem va cac nguyen tic dUdc ghi TAC cd the t h i t sii d n dUdc xae dinh va cap n h i t de thich hdp va dap Qng diidc nhu d u dang thay ddi cua cac nUdc vien" (8) Trong cac nguyen tic cua TAC, nguyen t i c khdng can thiep dUdc Thu tudng Malaixia nhic tdi nhieu nhi't Theo dng, thdng qua phan Qng khac cua cac nUdc t h i n h vien ddi vdi tinh hinh d Mianma, nguyen t i c khdng can thiep d n dupe xic dinh lai" (9) Viy vi'n de d n ddi mdi cua ASEAN li gi? Theo quan diem cua Viet Nam, 'Trong boat ddng thUc tien, Hipp hdi d n cd nhQng nd luc Idn hdn de d i tidn phUdng thQc 44 boat ddng, de cao 'Vin hoa thUc thi", xda bd tinh trang trien khai chim hoic khdng tuan thu day du cac thoa thuan" (10) Quan diem tren cung la quan diem chung cua nhieu n h i l i n h dao cac nUdc ASEAN Trong nhQng phat bieu gan day ve hieu qua hoat ddng cua ASEAN, nhieu nha lanh dao cac nUdc t h i n h vien, die bipt la cac nUdc vien cu, cd trinh phat trien cao d i phe p h i n mdt cac gay gat hieu qua hdp t i e cua Hipp hdi niy Trong bai p h i t bieu nhan dd "Hudng tdi Cdng ddng ASEAN" 7-8-2004, Thu tUdng Badawi cho ring: "Neu mdt cudc kiem tra dUdc thUc hien de bidt danh sach cac quydt dinh cua ASEAN, da dUdc dUa vio luat phap qude gia, thi kdt qua se hoa la kha that vpng Trong mdt sd trUdng hdp, cac nguyen tic, cac quyet djnh cua cac qud'c gia da khdng diidc sda ddi de phu hdp vdi quyet dinh cua ASEAN Trong nhQng trUdng hdp khac, cac quyet dinh da khdng dUpc chuyen tdi cac ci'p khac cua bd may quan lieu qud'c gia Qua thit, cac nUdc ASEAN da d i n h hieu liic qud'c gia d n thidt cho cac hiep Qdc v i cdng Udc qud'c te m i hp l i cac ben cda chung Cac nUde ASEAN d n cd kha n i n g lim nhu viy ddi vdi cic hiep Udc, cac cdng Udc cua ASEAN"'(11) Chia se y kien tren, bii phat bieu tren truyen hinh nhan ky nipm 42 n i m ngiy t h i n h lip ASEAN tdi 7-8-2008, Thu tudng Nguyen Ti'n Dung khing dinh "ASEIAN d n phi'n di'u nang eao chi't lUdng cua "sU thd'ng nha't da dang" tren cd sd nhQng muc tieu chung v i cic nguyen t i c cd ban nhu "ddng t h u i n " v i "khdng can thiep "Dieu dd ddi hdi mdi nUdc vien d n cd cam ket chinh tri manh me vdi tien trinh lien ket ASEAN v i "gia dinh ASEAN", ket hdp h i i hda hdn nQa giQa ldi ich qude gia vdi ldi Ich chung cua ca Hipp hdi, phat huy R g h i ^ curu Lich sd s6 6.2009 cac gia tri truyen thd'ng die thu cua ASEAN va "phong cich ASEAN" (12) Ngoii vipc ddi mdi hieu qua cua hpp tie khu vQc, Thu tudng Viet Nam cdn n h i n manh tdi sU d n thiet cua mdt Hien chUong ASEAN Theo dng, "Hien chUdng ASEAN l i van kien quan trpng nhi't, tao khudn khd phap ly va the che cho hdp tie npi khdi, tien tdi t h i n h lap mdt Cdng ddng ASEAN va nang cao vi tri cua nd so vdi cac ddi tic tUdng lai" (13) Vipc tan t h i n h vi ky Hien chUdng ASEAN dUdc Thu tUdng Viet Nam cho la "mdt bUdc tidn quan trpng giup nang hdp t;ic ASEAN len t l m cao mdi v i nhu vay, nang cao vi tri va vai trd cua Hipp hdi khu vUc va m i t ban be tren the gidi" (14) Do de eao t l m qimn trpng cua Hien chUdng ASEAN ddi vdi hpi n h i p khu vUc, thang vQa qua, Vipt Nam da phe chuan ban hidn chUdng niy Ngoai ra, de dam bao t h i n h cdng cho sii nghiep xay diing AC, theo quan diem cda Viet Nam "vipc thu hpp khoang each phat trien giQa cic nUdc t h i n h vien tidp tuc li nhipm vu vd cung quan trpng v i d p bach" Quan diem tren eua Thd tUdng Nguyen Tan Dung cung l i quan diem cua mpt sd nUdc vien ASEAN, die bipt l i cic nha lanh dao CLM Phat bieu tai le khai mac Hdi nghi Bd trUdng kinh te ASEAN l l n thQ 35 td chQc tai Phndm Penh ngiy 29-2003, Thu tudng Campuchia Hunsen cho ring, vipc lam sau sic hdn hpi n h i p cua cac nUdc ASEAN d n di cung vdi hpp t i c ky t h u i t v i phat trien de thu hpp khoang each ben ASEAN, cho ldi ich cua hpi n h i p ASEAN dUdc chia se giQa cic nUdc vien (15) Cung vdi vipc de x u l t cac dinh hUdng chinh sich cho vipc hipn thUc hoa AC, cac n h i lanh dao Viet Nam cung dUa mpt sd khuyen nghi cu the n h i m gdp p h l n xay CQng ddng Jtsean Jrong nhan fhiJrc dUng AC ndi chung v i cac tru cdt cda nd ndi rieng Ve cac bien phap chung de xay diing AC, Thu tudng Nguyen Ti'n DQng dUa khuyen nghi sau: Dly nhanh tie'n trinh thiic hipn cac chUdng trinh v i cac kd hoach h i n h ddng vd xay diing Cdng ddng ASEAN vdi cac bipn p h i p cu the v i ngudn lUc thich dang C i n cd nhQng bien phap thidt thiic de thu hep khoang each phat trien hien dang tdn tai Hipp hdi, nha't l i giQa hai nhdm nUdc t h i n h vien cu va mdi thdng qua thtic hipn hipu qua s i n g kien lien kdt ASEAN " Tdng nUdc t h i n h vien d n Idng ghdp phu hdp cac chUdng trinh phat trien quoc gia vdi cac chUdng trinh lien ket khu vtic (46) NhQng khuyen nghi tren cua Thu tudng Vipt Nam eho thi'y dng khdng chi dd xui't cac dinh hUdng chinh sach xay diing AC m i cdn dUa nhQng gdi y cu the de hipn thiic h o i nhQng dinh hUdng dd Ching ban, khdng dQng lai d vipc keu gpi ket hdp hai hda giQa ldi Ich dan tdc va ldi Ich khu viic, Thu tudng Nguyen Ti'n Dung cdn chi mdt nhQng each thQc de ke't hdp hai ldi ich tren l i "long ghdp phu hdp cac chUdng trinh phat trien qud'c gia vdi cac chUdng trinh lien ket khu vtic' Cach ket hpp ldi Ich qud'c gia vdi ldi Ich khu vtic Thu tUdng Viet Nam de nghi cd le la de chip n h i n hdn so vdi each de nghi "dit ldi Ich qude gia dUdi ldi Ich khu vtic nhQng trUdng hdp cin thiet" ma mdt sd nha lanh dao cac nUdc t h i n h vien cu keu gpi Ngoii nhQng de xui't cd tinh tdng quit tren, bii phat bieu nhan Ngiy ASEAN (ASEAN Day) n i m 2008, Thu tudng Nguyen Ti'n Dung cdn khuyen nghi 45 nhQng bien phap trUdc m i t m i ASEAN d n l i m de thuc day tien trinh xiy dUng AC Theo dng, "Mdt nhipm vu quan trpng trUdc m i t la phai khan trUdng dUa Hien chUdng ASEAN vio cudc sdng" Bdi vi, "Hidn chuong se dem lai sil ddi mdi ve td chQc bd may v i phUdng thQc boat ddng cua Hipp hpi, nang cao chi't lUdng v i hieu qua hdp tie cua ASEAN" Phat bieu tren cua Thu tudng Vipt Nam cho tha'y dng ri't ky vpng vio Hien chUdng, bi't ke nhQng phe phin ve nd cua mdt sd' ngQdi d v i ngoii khu vtic" (17) Ddi vdi vipc xiy diing tiing Cdng dong ASEAN, Viet Nam cung dua nhieu khuydn nghi thiet thtic v i cd tinh kha thi Ching ban, de xay dting AEC vio nim 2015 nhu quyet dinh cua Hdi nghi ThUdng dinh Cebu, bii phat bieu tai Hdi nghi ThUdng dinh ve d i u tU v i kinh doanh td chQc tai Xingapo ngiy 18-11-2007, Thii tudng Nguyen Ti'n Dung cho ring, d n cung cd lien ket kinh te ASEAN v i dim phan vdi cac nUdc ngoii ASEAN de tao nhidu khu vtic m i u dich tu hdn (18) Nhu viy, theo Thu tUdng Vipt Nam, t h i n h cdng cda viec t h i n h lip AEC vio n i m 2015 phu thudc vio hai n h i n td quan trpng Dd la cung cd lien ket ndi khdi cua ASEAN v i gia t i n g xay diing cic khu vtic miu dich tu vdi cac ddi tic ddi thoai cua ASEAN, die bipt l i Trung Qud'c, H i n Qude, N h i t Ban, An Dp, OxtrayUa, Niu Dilan v i EU Dieu niy cho thi'y Thu tUdng Viet Nam danh gia ra't cao vai trd cua hdp tie qud'c te q u i trinh hipn thiic hda AEC De t i n g cUdng lien ket kinh te ASEAN v i t h i n h lip cic FTA, Thu tUdng Nguyen Ti'n Dung gdi y ASEAN d n tien h i n h cic heat ddng sau: Thiic hipn nhQng boat ddng da dQpc cam ket v i tiep tuc de xui't cac sing kien 46 de t i n g cudng lien ket kinh td ASEAN v i thu hep khoang each ve trinh dp phat trien giQa cac nUdc t h i n h vien NhQng boat dpng n i y se giup cac nUdc vien phat huy cac tiem n i n g va ldi the v i dUa tdi vipc thiet lap sdm cac khu vtic mau dich tti v i kha n i n g khai thac tdi da cac cd hdi FTA mang lai; Viec t h i n h lap FTA phai tren cd sd cung cd ldi, vi md hinh v i trinh dp p h i t trien khac giQa cac nUdc ASEAN Cac Id trinh phai ddng gdp vio vipc xay diing mdt Cdng ddng Kinh td ASEAN; Ldi cud'n sti tham gia cua khu vtic tU nhan Cdng ddng Kinh doanh ddng vai trd sd'ng cdn viec md rdng lien minh kinh te ben ASEAN va xay diing cac khu vUc mau dich tU Bdi vi nd se mang tdi sU sd'ng ddng cho cac FTA Do tam quan trpng dd cua Cdng ddng Kinh doanh, Thu tudng Viet Nam keu ggi cac chinh phu ASEAN "tinh tdi ldi Ich cua doanh nghiep viec thiet l i p FTA." Ve p h l n minh, cac doanh nghiep " d n sd dung td't nhi't cac cd hdi den cung vdi vipc xay dUng FTA." IL MOT SO NHAN XET VE NHAN THirC VA QUAN DIEM CUA VIET N A M V E AC Phan tich nhan thQc v i quan diem cua Viet Nam ve AC va cac tru cdt cua nd, cd the rut mgt sd'nhan xdt sau: Thd nhd't, cac quan diem cua Viet Nam ve AC cung l i quan diem chung cua ASEAN vdi tu each mdt tdng the Su trung hdp l i Viet Nam da nhan thQc mdt each sau sic r i n g Viet Nam la mpt vien cua ASEAN Khi ASEAN da nhi't tri RghiSn ciJru Lich sd sd 6.2009 vd nhQng ndi dung cua AC, cac tru cdt vi sU nhi't tri dd da dUdc the hien cic v i n kien, Viet Nam se chi ndi ve AC bing tidng ndi chung cua d ASEAN Thd hai, khac vdi cac nha lanh dao cac nUdc t h i n h vien cu, cac nha lanh dae Viet Nam khdng phe phan cac nUdc vien khac va dd ldi sU tri tre hdp tac khu vtic cho cac nUdc dd (19) Day l i mdt "sii Qng xd dpp" cua cac n h i lanh dao nQdc ta Su Qng xd n i y khdng phai Viet Nam la nUdc phat trien chim, khdng the tham gia vao lien ket khu vUc vdi td'c dp ngang bing vdi cac nUdc phat trien cao m i vi Viet Nam mud'n gdp phan t i n g cUdng doan ket ndi bd ASEAN, nhi't l i bdi canh Hipp hdi dang phai ddng trUdc nhQng thach thQc cd tinh chi't sdng cdn nhU hipn Thd ba, nhQng de x u l t vd cac bipn phap xay dUng AC v i cac tni cot cua nd Viet Nam dUa la cd tinh kha thi cao v i dl dUdc cac nUdc vien khac chip nhin, Bdi vi, nhQng de xui't dd da phan anh dQdc nhQng mong mud'n chung v i tUdng thich vdi mQc dp s i n s i n g cho vipc thtic thi nhQng de xui't nhU viy cua cac nUdc dd (20) Thd tii, cic dd xui't cua Viet Nam, ve cd ban, ddu l i cic dd xui't ed tinh chi't dinh hudng Tuy nhien, ngoii cac dd xui't tren, vipc hien thiic hda AC va cac tru cdt cua nd cdn d n tdi cac de xui't cu the hdn nhU xuc tien t h i n h lap TrUdng Dai hpc ASEAN, dUa vipc giang day ve ASEAN v i vd cic nQdc t h i n h vien vao chUdng trinh giao due qud'c gia cua tQng nUdc t h i n h vien Hipp hdi nhu Malaixia v i Philippin dd nghi C^ng d6ng flsean nhan thiic 47 CHU THICH (1) Trich ldi Ph6 T h u tudng P h a m Gia Khiem b i i viet: "Hdp t i c chi'nh tri - an ninh ASEAN: Vift N a m se no lUc het minh" D i e san (13), (14) Trich tra ldi phong vi'n cua Thu tu6ng Nguyin Tan DUng cho Thong ti'n xa Viet Nam 22-11-2007 bao The gi6i v i Vipt N a m , H i Npi (8-2007), tr (2) Q u a n diem n i y da dUdc ghi n h a n (15) Xem: J o i n t Media Statement The Thirty Fifth (3) Xem: P h a m Gia Khiem: "Hpp t i c chinh IriD i e san bao The gidi vd Viet Nam H i Npi (8- Economic Ministers 2003, Pnompenh, Meeting Cambodia (http//www aseansec.org) (17) N h i binh l u i n Kavi Chongkittavorn cua an ninh ASEAN: Vipt N a m se no lUc het minh" td Nation (Thai Lan) cho r i n g Hien chUdng A SEAN la khong hoan hao, nhUng l i giai phap c h i p 2007), tr (4), (5) Pham Gia Khiem: ASEAN bu6c vao giai b i i : Thong di^p cua Thu nhan dUdc boi canh khu vUc c6 nhieu bien dpng thdi gian hien doan phat trien mdi Bao Nhdn ddn, 8-8-2008, t r (6) Xem ASEAN September Hie'n chUdng ASEAN (18) Xem bai: "Intra - ASEAN Stability with tuong Nguyen T i n Diing giii n h a n dan cac nU6c ASEAN FTAs" Bai d i n g tren Bao Kinh te Viet Nam http://nhantai.org.vnyPortletBlank.ap/CB8C5F3EE tii 5FA459A879CAF0D9D6185B) stability - with-ftas) (7) PM speaks of Vietnam's Contribution to ASEAN S u m m i t (18-1-2007) Tra Icfi phong vi'n ciia D i i Tig'ng n6i Viet N a m B i i viet li'y tCt: Trang tin cua Quoc hpi Vipt N a m http://www.na.gov.vn Xem b i i : Thong dipp cua T h u tu6ng Nguyen Ti'n Diing giii n h a n dan cac nU6c ASEAN Da dSn (8), (9) Xem: Preservation and Innovation in Planning the future of ASEAN" The Dato'Seri 2006 ASEAN Abdullah Honourable Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia on t h e occasion of the 39 th ASEAN Annivesary, Kuala Lumpur, August 2006, http://www,aseansec.org (19) Trong bai p h a t bieu nhan ky niem iSn thii 41 n g i y t h i n h l i p A SEAN, Thu tudng Ly Hien Long da phe phan mpt so nUdc t h i n h vien khac vdi nhiing ldi le nhu sau: "Ddi vdi mpt vii nUdc, Uu tien l i thu hep khoang each phat trien Hp lo ng^i r4ng hpi n h i p nhanh c6 nghla li canh tranh tn^c tiep trUde ngudng ciia cua ho Nhiing chinh phu khac thi b i n rpn vdi nhiing sdc 6p cua cac vi'n de noi bp Hp chinh tri manh d mpi cap dp Khong cd gi ngac nhien l i hpi n h i p chit hdn khong phai li quan nhi't chUdng trinh nghi sU cua hp, vi p h i n thUdng ciia hp da dUdc bay v i d t i m dai han" Xem: Speech by Prime Minister Lee Hsien (10), (16) Trich: P h a t bieu cua Thu tu6ng Nguyen Ti'n Diing n h a n n g i y ASEAN 8-8-2008 Bao Nhdn ddn N g i y 8-8-2008, tr (11) Address of His (http://www.ven.org.vn/trade/intra-asean- phai doi phd vdi vo so nhilng Ipi ich nhdm v i silc 6p Lecture by Ahmad dien Loong at the ASEAN Day Lecture Singapore, August 2007 http://www.aseansec.org/20820.htm (20) Khi de xui't cac bien phap xay dUng AC, cac Excellency Dato's Seri n h i lanh dao Malaixia, Phih'ppin, Xingapo da de Abdullah Bin Haji A h m a d Badawi - The Prime ra't nhieu bipn p h i p ri't tao b^o Ching han, Malaixia Minister v i Phih'ppin de nghi chuyen To' chiic Lien nghi vipn Of Malaysia: Community" at the 'Towards national an ASEAN Colloqium on ASEAN August 2004 UiTM Hotel, Shah Alam) ASEAN (AIPA) Nghi Vien ASEAN; t h i n h lip mpt so' the che khu vUc tren cd sd sat nhap cic td chiic (12) Trich P h a t bieu cua Thii tu6ng Nguyin da s i n cd d cac nUdc t h i n h vien Trong dd, cic Ti'n Dung: "Viet Nam t h a m gia tich cUc chu dpng n h i lanh dao Lao thi lai dUa mpt sd de nghi chu v i c6 trach nhipm, gop p h i n cCing cac nUdc t h a n h yeu phuc vy cho Ipi ich cua L i o v i cac nude tren vien x i y dUng Cong dong ASEAN" Bao Nhdn ban dao Ddng DUdng nhU: xay di^ng cac tr^im thuy n g i y 8-8-2008, tr ddn, dipn tren sdng Me Kdng ... Viet Nam ve AC cung l i quan diem chung cua ASEAN vdi tu each mdt tdng the Su trung hdp l i Viet Nam da nhan thQc mdt each sau sic r i n g Viet Nam la mpt vien cua ASEAN Khi ASEAN da nhi't tri RghiSn... tren cua dng Pham Gia Khiem cho thi'y quan diem cua Vipt Nam ve ASC bao gdm ndi dung sau: Quan diem ciia Viet Nam vd AC vda cd nhieu diem tUdng ddng vdi quan diem cua cac nUdc vien khac, vQa... clu hda v i khoa hpc cdng nghp" (5) Quan diem cua Viet Nam ve AEC v i ASSC ve cd ban, cung tUdng tii nhU quan diem cua cac nUdc ASEAN khac Tuy nhien, cac nUdc ASEAN nhi'n manh nhieu tdi an ninh