VS5ICM m02 virtualizationintro

Introduction to Virtualization Module © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved You Are Here Course Introduction Data Protection Introduction to Virtualization Access & Authentication Control Virtual Machines Resource Management and Monitoring VMware vCenter Server High Availability Configure and Manage Virtual Networks Scalability Configure and Manage Virtual Storage Patch Management Managing Virtual Machines Installing vSphere Components VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-2 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Importance VMware vSphere® is based on many components that a vSphere administrator should be familiar with This module describes the basic concept of virtualization, introduces VMware® ESXi™ and the virtual machine This module then shows you the fundamental components of vSphere and how vSphere can be used in your datacenter VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-3 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Module Lessons Lesson 1: Introduction to Virtualization Lesson 2: VMware vSphere User Interfaces Lesson 3: Overview of ESXi VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-4 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Lesson 1: Introduction to Virtualization VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-5 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Learner Objectives After this lesson, you should be able to the following:  Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures  Define a virtual machine  Describe the benefits of using virtual machines  Describe how the VMware vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and disks  Identify the files that comprise a virtual machine  Describe ESXi architecture VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-6 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Physical Infrastructure applications operating system physical host Fibre Channel Ethernet iSCSI storage NFS storage VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A Network Fibre Channel storage 2-7 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Virtual Infrastructure virtual machines hypervisor ESXi host Fibre Channel Ethernet iSCSI storage NFS storage VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A Network Fibre Channel storage 2-8 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Physical and Virtual Architecture physical architecture virtual architecture application operating system VMware vSphere x86 architecture x86 architecture VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-9 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Why Use Virtual Machines? Virtual machine Physical machine Easy to move and copy: Difficult to move or copy Bound to a specific set of hardware components   Often has a short lifecycle Easy to manage: Requires personal contact to upgrade hardware   Encapsulated into files Independent of physical hardware Isolated from other virtual machines Insulated from hardware changes Provides the ability to support legacy applications Allows servers to be consolidated VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-10 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Lesson 3: Overview of ESXi VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-33 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Learner Objectives After this lesson, you should be able to the following:  Describe ESXi architecture  Configure ESXi settings:  • • • • • Networking Licensing NTP client DNS and routing Security profile Identify user account best practices VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-34 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved VMware ESXi     Available for purchase with vSphere or a free version can be downloaded High-security • • • Memory Hardening Kernel Module Integrity Trusted Platform Module Small disk footprint Can be installed on hard disks, SAN LUNs, USB devices, SD cards, or directly into memory VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-35 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved ESXi Architecture VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-36 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring ESXi The Direct Console User Interface (DCUI) is similar to the BIOS of a computer with a keyboard-only user interface VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-37 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring ESXi: root Access The DCUI allows an administrator to:  Set a root password (complex passwords only)  Enable or disable lockdown mode (to prevent user access to host as root) VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-38 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring ESXi: Management Network The DCUI allows you to modify network settings:  Host name  IP configuration (IP address, subnet mask, default gateway)  DNS servers VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-39 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring ESXi: Other Settings The DCUI allows an administrator to:  Configure keyboard layout  View support information  View system logs  Enable troubleshooting services, when required VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-40 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved ESXi as an NTP Client Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a client-server protocol used to synchronize a computer’s clock to a time reference NTP server NTP server NTP is important:  For accurate performance graphs  For accurate time stamps in log messages  So that virtual machines have a source to synchronize with NTP client An ESXi host can be configured as an NTP client  It can synchronize time with an NTP server on the Internet or your corporate NTP server VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A NTP server ESXi host 2-41 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Network Settings: DNS and Routing The DNS and Routing link allows you to change:  Host name and domain  DNS server addresses and search domains  Default VMkernel gateway VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-42 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Remote Access Settings: Security Profile On ESXi hosts:  Remote clients are prevented from accessing services on the host  Local clients are prevented from accessing services on remote hosts  Unless configured otherwise, daemons will start and stop with the ESXi host: • For example, DCUI or NTP VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-43 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved ESXi User Account Best Practices You should implement the following user account best practices:  Strictly control root privileges to the ESXi host  Use the vSphere Client to manage the ESXi host  Ideally, use vCenter Server – and thus vCenter Server user accounts – to manage hosts VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-44 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Lab In this lab, you will configure the ESXi host Connect to an ESXi host with the vSphere Client View host hardware configuration Configure DNS and routing information for an ESXi host Configure the ESXi host as an NTP client VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-45 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to the following:  Describe ESXi architecture  Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host  View ESXi settings:  • • • • • Processor and memory configuration Licensing NTP client DNS and routing Security profile Identify user account best practices VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-46 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Key Points        Using virtual machines solves many datacenter problems Virtual machines are hardware independent Virtual machines share the physical resources of the ESXi host on which they reside A virtual machine is a set of files that are easy transfer and backup Virtual machine files are encapsulated into a folder and placed on a datastore ESXi runs directly on the host VMware vSphere abstracts CPU, memory, storage, and networking for virtual machine use Questions? VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 2-47 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved