VS5ICM m10 resourcemonitoring

Resource Management and Monitoring Module 10 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved You Are Here Course Introduction Data Protection Introduction to Virtualization Access & Authentication Control Virtual Machines Resource Management and Monitoring VMware vCenter Server High Availability Configure and Manage Virtual Networks Scalability Configure and Manage Virtual Storage Patch Management Managing Virtual Machines Installing vSphere Components VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-2 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Importance Although the VMkernel works proactively to avoid resource contention, maximizing performance requires both analysis and ongoing monitoring VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-3 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Module Lessons Lesson 1: Virtual CPU and Memory Concepts Lesson 2: Resource Controls Lesson 3: Resource Pools Lesson 4: Monitoring Resource Usage Lesson 5: Using Alarms VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-4 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Lesson 1: Virtual CPU and Memory Concepts VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-5 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Learner Objectives After this lesson, you should be able to the following: Discuss CPU and memory concepts in a virtualized environment Describe what over commitment of a resource means Identify additional technologies that improve memory utilization Describe how virtual SMP works and how hyperthreading is used by the VMkernel VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-6 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Memory Virtualization Basics There are layers of memory in VMware vSphere® Guest OS virtual memory is presented to applications by the operating system Guest OS physical memory is presented to the virtual machine by the VMkernel Host physical memory managed by the VMkernel provides a contiguous, addressable memory space that will be used by the virtual machine VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A virtual machine application operating system VMware® ESXi™ host guest OS virtual memory guest OS physical memory ESXi host physical memory 10-7 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Virtual Machine Memory Overcommitment Allow RAM overcommitment allocated memory = 512 MB A virtual machine swap file (.vswp) is created when a virtual machine’s maximum RAM allocation exceeds its minimum RAM allocation reserved memory = 256 MB On On Off On Virtual machines power on only if: Minimum memory available, that is overhead memory 256MB 256MB 256MB 256MB Swap file size equals the difference between allocated and reserved memory VM VM VM 256 MB 256 MB 256 MB vswp vswp vswp VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-8 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Memory Reclamation Techniques Economize use of physical memory pages Transparent Page Sharing allows pages with identical contents to be stored only once Deallocate memory from one virtual machine for another Ballooning mechanism, active when memory is scarce, forces virtual machines to use their own paging areas Memory compression Attempts to reclaim some memory performance when memory contention is high Page virtual machine memory out to disk Use of VMkernel swap space is the last resort, performs poorly VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-9 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Memory Compression Memory pages are compressed to 2KB and stored in a per-VM compression cache Memory pages that are candidates for swap to disk are targeted for compression Decompressing a compressed page in memory is faster than performing disk I/O operations Compression only takes place when there is contention for physical memory resources VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A A 4K B Guest OS physical memory 2K 2K = memory compression cache 10-10 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to the following: Monitor a virtual machine’s resource usage: • • • • CPU Memory Disk Network bandwidth VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-56 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Lesson 5: Using Alarms VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-57 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Learner Objectives After this lesson, you should be able to the following: Create alarms with condition-based triggers Create alarms with event-based triggers View and acknowledge triggered alarms VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-58 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved What Is an Alarm? An alarm is a notification that occurs in response to selected events or conditions that occur with an object in the inventory Default alarms exist for various inventory objects: Many default alarms for hosts and virtual machines Default datacenter alarms (partial list) You can create custom alarms for a wide range of inventory objects: Virtual machines, hosts, clusters, datacenters, datastores, networks, distributed switches, and distributed port groups VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-59 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Alarm Settings To create an alarm, right-click the inventory object and select Alarm > Add Alarm VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A Alarm types for: Virtual machines Hosts Clusters Datacenters Datastores Networks Distributed switches Distributed virtual port groups 10-60 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Alarm Triggers An alarm requires a trigger Types of triggers: Condition or state trigger – Monitors the current condition or state Example: • • • A virtual machine’s current snapshot is above 2GB in size A host is using 90 percent of its total memory A datastore has been disconnected from all hosts Event – Monitors events Example: • • • The health of a host’s hardware has changed A license has expired in the datacenter A host has left the vNetwork distributed switch VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-61 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring Condition Triggers Condition triggers for a virtual machine VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-62 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring Event Triggers Event trigger for a host VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-63 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring Reporting Options Use the Reporting pane to avoid needless re-alarms Avoid small fluctuations Avoid repeats VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-64 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring Actions Every alarm type has these actions: Send a notification email, send a notification trap, or run a command Virtual machine alarms and host alarms have more actions VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-65 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Configuring vCenter Server Notifications In the menu bar, select Administration > vCenter Server Settings Select Mail to set SMTP parameters Select SNMP to specify trap destinations VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-66 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Viewing and Acknowledging Triggered Alarms The Acknowledge Alarm feature is used to track when triggered alarms are addressed VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-67 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Lab 17 In this lab, you will demonstrate the vCenter Server alarm feature Create a virtual machine alarm that monitors for a condition Create a virtual machine alarm that monitors for an event Trigger virtual machine alarms and acknowledge them Disable virtual machine alarms VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-68 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to the following: Create alarms with condition-based triggers Create alarms with event-based triggers View and acknowledge triggered alarms VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-69 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved Key Points The VMkernel has built-in mechanisms (such as CPU load balancing and transparent page sharing) for managing the CPU and memory allocation on an ESX/ESXi host The Performance tab allows you to monitor a host or virtual machine’s performance in real time or over a period of time Use alarms to monitor your vCenter Server inventory Alarms notify you when selected events or conditions have occurred VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 10-70 © 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved