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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: ĐỌC HIỂU-ĐỌC ĐIỀN Edited by: Be Uliser Đề 1 Đọc hiểu The National Automobile Show in New York has been one of the top auto shows in the United States since 1900 On November of that year, about 8,000 people looked over the “horseless carriages.” It was the opening day and the first opportunity for the automobile industry to show off its wares to a large crowd; however, the black-tie audience treated the occasion more as a social affair than as a sales extravaganza It was also on the first day of this show that William McKinley became the first U.S president to ride in a car The automobile was not invented in the United States That distinction belongs to Germany Nikolaus Otto built the first practical internal-combustion engine there in 1876 Then, German engineer Karl Benz built what are regarded as the first modern automobiles in the mid-1880s But the United States pioneered the merchandising of the automobile The auto show proved to be an effective means of getting the public excited about automotive products By happenstance, the number of people at the first New York show equaled the entire car population of the United States at that time In 1900, 10 million bicycles and an unknown number of horse-drawn carriages provided the prime means of personal transportation Only about 4,000 cars were assembled in the United States in 1900, and only a quarter of those were gasoline powered The rest ran on steam or electricity After viewing the cars made by forty car makers, the show’s audience favored electric cars because they were quiet The risk of a boiler explosion turned people away from steamers, and the gasoline-powered cars produced smelly fumes The Duryea Motor Wagon Company, which launched the American auto industry in 1895, offered a fragrant additive designed to mask the smells of the naphtha that it burned Many of the 1900 models were cumbersome—the Gas mobile, the Franklin, and the Orient, for example, steered with a tiller like a boat instead of with a steering wheel None of them was equipped with an automatic starter These early model cars were practically handmade and were not very dependable They were basically toys of the well-to-do In fact, Woodrow Wilson, then a professor at Princeton University and later President of the United States, predicted that automobiles would cause conflict between the wealthy and the poor However, among the exhibitors at the 1900 show was a young engineer named Henry Ford But before the end of the decade, he would revolutionize the automobile industry with his Model T Ford The Model T, first produced in 1909, featured a standardized design and a streamlined method of production—the assembly line Its lower costs made it available to the mass market Cars at the 1900 show ranged in price from $1,000 to $1,500, or roughly $14,000 to $21,000 in today’s prices By 1913, the Model T was selling for less than $300, and soon the price would drop even further “I will build cars for the multitudes,” Ford said, and he kept his promise 1 Vocab stt New word The National Automobile Show The opening day VNese meaning Triển lãm ô tô quốc gia Ngày khai mạc Related word Clearly/conclusively/convincingly+show Cumbersome( cồng kềnh) The livelong day: ngày dài Live to fight another day: tiếp tục nỗ lực Make sb’s day: làm vui vẻ Make a day of it: kéo dài hoạt động thú vị Night and day, day and night: toàn thời gian, liên tục A nines’ day wonder: làm cho vui vẻ thời gian ngắn Not have all day; khơng có nhiều thời gian Oh my days: thể ngạc nhiên, shock Show off Khoe khoang =push oneself forward= ostentatious: Show/wave/fly the flag go through your paces, show your paces it goes to show: nói để chứng minh show sb the door: u cầu khơng chào đón show your face show sb/learn/know the ropes: cho học/biết cơng việc cụ thể Extravaganza The frist practical internal-combustion engine Regard as Một kiện , giải trí đắt đỏ, thú vị Động đốt thực tế Coi musical/dance extravaganza sales extravaganza: hành vi buôn bán ngông cuồng for (all) practical purposes: in fact practical joke=piss about/around st: cư xử cách ngu ngốc In with regard to: liên quan tới In this/that regard: theo cách đặc biếtj Give/convey/send one’s regard: gửi lời chào tới The prime means of personal means assemble Phương tiện giao thơng cá nhân lắp ráp, tập hợp Full assembled, partially assembled Assemble hastily, assemble quickly/carefully 10 11 Gasoline power Well-to-do Keep one’s promise/word xăng giàu Giữ lời 12 Cách mạng hóa 13 Revolutionize /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪz/ A boiler explosion 14 By happentance Tình cờ 15 16 entire At that time Tồn Tại thời điểm 17 horse-drawn carriages Xe ngựa 18 Turn away from 19 a fragrant additive Quay đi, quay lựng với Một phụ gia thơm Khởi hành( chiến dịch….) 20 launch vụ nổ nồi Power cables/lines Well-to-do family/parent Keep an appointment Keep a diary Keep an account Keep a record Revolutionize+ world/industry A bomb/nuclear/gas explosion A controlled explosion Sudden/great/veritable+ explosion See/witness explosion =by mistake=by coincide=by chance Come across=bump into=run into: tình cờ =whole, entire+ body/budget/building Pass of time: giết thời gian Back in time: trở khứ Over time~gradually~progressively: Work Overtime: làm việc tăng ca A matter of time: việc sớm muộn xảy The mists of time: việc xảy lâu khó để nhớ rõ Back the wrong horse: hỗ trợ khơng thành cơng Get/be on one’s high horse: cư xử thể bạn nghĩ tốt người khác Change horses in midstream: thay ngựa dòng A dark horse: tài ẩn giấu, người kín tiếng(1), (2) người vượt trội đường đua Drive a coach and horses through st: phá hỏng gi(plan) Eat like a horse:ăn nhiều Look a gift horse in the mouth:đòi hỏi, coi thường q Hold the horse: chờ chút Horses the courses: hoạt động tìm người phù hợp vs công việc nhiệm vụ Lauch an inquiry/an appeal/an investigation Câu A 21 22 23 Belong to exhibitor a streamlined method of production 24 Keep one’s promise/word Thuộc Triển lãm Một phương pháp sản xuất dây chuyền hợp lí Giữ lời break one’s promise: k giữ lời~ go back on st: nuốt lời The passage implies that the audience viewed the 1900 National Automobile Show primarily as a(n) ( đoạn văn ngụ ý khan giả xem triển lãm ô tô năm 1900 là… formal social occasion.( dịp mang tính xã hội thức) Giải thích: theo thơng tin the black-tie audience treated B chance to buy automobiles at low prices.( hội để mua ô tô giá rẻ) D chance to invest in one of thirty-two automobile manufacturers.( hội để đầu tư vào 32 nhà sản xuất ô tô the occasion more as a social affair than as a sales extravaganza.: vị khan giả đeo cà vạt đen coi dịp vấn đề xã hội nhiều hành vi buôn bán ngông cuồng C opportunity to learn how to drive.( hội để học cách lái xe) Giải thích: theo thơng tin the black-tie audience treated the occasion more as a social affair than as a sales extravaganza Câu A According to the passage, who developed the first modern car?' ( theo đoạn văn, người phát triển dòng tơ đại đầu tiên? Karl Benz Giải thích: Then, German engineer Karl Benz built what B Nikolaus Otto D Henry Ford are regarded as the first modern automobiles in the mid1880s( sau kĩ sư người Đức Karl Benz tạo nên thứ coi xe ô tô đại đầu tiên) C William McKinley Câu A Approximately how many cars were there in the United States in 1900?' (có khoảng tơ Mĩ năm 1900?) 4,000 B 8,000 Giải thích: -On November of that year(1900), about 8,000 people looked over the “horseless carriages.”( vào ngày Tháng 11 có khoảng 8000 xem “cỗ xe ngựa kéo”) -By happenstance, the number of people at the first New York show equaled the entire car population of the United States at that time.( tình cờ số lượng người xem triển lãm tương đương với tổng lượng xe Hoa kì vào lúc đó) Suy số lượng xe Hoa kì năm 1900 8000 C 10 million Câu D An unknown number The phrase “by happenstance” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A Generally B For example C Coincidentally Giải thích : by happenstance= by mistake=by chance= by coincide=coincidentally: tình cờ ngẫu nhiên D By design Câu A Approximately how many of the cars assembled in the year 1900 were gasoline powered?' ( có xấp xỉ ô tô lắp ráp năm 1900 chạy xăng?) 32 B 1,000 Giải thích: Only about 4,000 cars were assembled in the United States in 1900, and only a quarter of those were gasoline powered.( có khoảng 4000 ô tô lắp ráp Mĩ năm 1900 ¼ số chạy xăng) ¼ 4000=1000 C 2,000 Câu A D 4,000 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “launched” in paragraph ' Designed( thiết kế) B Anticipated /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/: tưởng tượng hi vọng điều xảy C Joined( tham gia) Câu A D Initiated: khởi xướng, đề xuất= lauch(hay với campaign: chiến dịch) The purpose of the “additive” mentioned in paragraph was to increase the speed of cars.( tăng tốc độ xe: speed up: tăng tốc, speed limit: tốc độ tối đa) B hide strong smells.( giấu mùi nặng) Giải thích: a fragrant additive designed to mask the smells of the naphtha that it burned.: chất phụ gia có mùi thơm dùng để che giấu mùi naphtha mà đốt cháy C make engines run more efficiently.( khiến cho động chạy hiệu hơn) D make cars look better( làm cho ô tô trơng ưa nhìn hơn) Câu Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as steering with a tiller rather than with a steering wheel?' (cái không đề cập đoạn văn đạo với máy xới thay 1vơ lăng) A A Franklin B A Gasmobile C An Orient D A Duryea Giải thích: Many of the 1900 models were cumbersome—the Gas mobile, the Franklin, and the Orient, for example, steered with a tiller like a boat instead of with a steering wheel.( phần nhiều mơ hình năm 1900 cồng kềnh-…….) Câu It is clear from the passage that the early cars ( điều hiển nhiên ô tô đời đầu) A were more formal.( sang trọng hơn) B were more spectacular.= breaktaking( đẹp mắt hơn) C involved less expensive cars.( rẻ hơn) D involved fewer manufacturers.( sản xuất có tham gia máy móc) Giải thích:These early model cars were practically handmade and were not very dependable.( tơ mơ hình sản xuất thủ cơng tin cậy) Câu 10 A What was the highest price asked for a car at the 1900 National Automobile Show in the dollars of that time?' ( ô tơ triển lãm quốc gia năm 1900 có giá cao ?) $300 B $1,500 Giải thích: Cars at the 1900 show ranged in price from $1,000 to $1,500, C $14,000 D $21,000 ... tiên? Karl Benz Giải thích: Then, German engineer Karl Benz built what B Nikolaus Otto D Henry Ford are regarded as the first modern automobiles in the mid1880s( sau kĩ sư người Đức Karl Benz tạo... wrong horse: hỗ trợ khơng thành cơng Get /be on one’s high horse: cư xử thể bạn nghĩ tốt người khác Change horses in midstream: thay ngựa dòng A dark horse: tài ẩn giấu, người kín tiếng(1), (2) người... thích: -On November of that year(1900), about 8,000 people looked over the “horseless carriages.”( vào ngày Tháng 11 có khoảng 8000 xem “cỗ xe ngựa kéo”) -By happenstance, the number of people
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