Nguyên tắc cơ bản của Giải phẫu Sinh lý học giúp sinh viên thành công trong khóa học A P đầy thách thức với cách kể chuyện dễ hiểu, hình ảnh chính xác và độ chính xác kiên định. Với Phiên bản thứ 11, nhóm tác giả rút ra từ nghiên cứu gần đây khám phá cách sinh viên sử dụng và tiêu hóa thông tin hình ảnh để giúp sinh viên sử dụng nghệ thuật hiệu quả hơn để học A P. Các tính năng sách mới khuyến khích học sinh xem và xem xét các số liệu trong sách giáo khoa, và các video tường thuật mới hướng dẫn học sinh thông qua các số liệu sinh lý phức tạp để giúp chúng giải mã và hiểu rõ hơn các quy trình phức tạp. Giáo viên hướng dẫn cũng có thể yêu cầu một cuốn cẩm nang mới của Lori Garrett, có tựa đề Nghệ thuật giảng dạy A P: Sáu bài học dễ dàng để cải thiện việc học của học sinh, trong đó khám phá một số thách thức phổ biến nhất gặp phải khi sử dụng nghệ thuật để dạy A P, bên cạnh các chiến lược để giải quyết những thách thức này. Nội dung test bank Giới thiệu về Giải phẫu và Sinh lý học, Cấp độ tổ chức hóa học, Cấp độ tổ chức tế bào, Cấp độ tổ chức, Hệ thống tích hợp, Cấu trúc xương và xương, Bộ xương trục, Bộ xương ruột thừa, Khớp, Mô cơ, Hệ thống cơ bắp , Mô thần kinh, Tủy sống, Thần kinh cột sống và Phản xạ cột sống, Thần kinh não và sọ, Đường dẫn truyền cảm giác và Hệ thần kinh Somatic, Hệ thần kinh tự chủ và Chức năng bậc cao, Các giác quan đặc biệt, Hệ thống nội tiết, Máu Tim, mạch máu và tuần hoàn, hệ thống bạch huyết và miễn dịch, hệ hô hấp, hệ tiêu hóa, trao đổi chất, dinh dưỡng và năng lượng, hệ thống tiết niệu, chất lỏng, chất điện giải và cân bằng axit, hệ thống sinh sản
Chapterȱ2 TheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganization Multiple Choice Questions 1) Theȱsmallestȱstableȱunitsȱofȱmatterȱare A) atoms B) molecules C) protons D) neutrons E) electrons Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 2) TheȱȈatomicȱnumberȈȱofȱanȱatomȱisȱdeterminedȱbyȱtheȱnumberȱofȱ ȱitȱhas A) electrons B) protons C) neutrons D) protonsȱ+ȱneutrons E) protonsȱ+ȱelectrons Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 3) TheȱȈatomicȱweightȈȱofȱanȱatomȱreflectsȱtheȱaverageȱnumberȱof A) protons B) neutrons C) electrons D) protonsȱ+ȱneutrons E) protonsȱ+ȱneutronsȱ+ȱelectrons Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 4) Oneȱmoleȱofȱanyȱelementȱhasȱtheȱsame A) mass B) weight C) numberȱofȱatoms D) numberȱofȱelectrons E) Allȱofȱtheȱanswersȱareȱcorrect Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ23 5) Theȱnucleusȱofȱanȱatomȱconsistsȱof A) electrons B) protons C) neutrons D) protonsȱ+ȱneutrons E) protonsȱ+ȱelectrons Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 6) Isotopesȱofȱanȱelementȱdifferȱinȱtheȱnumberȱof A) protonsȱinȱtheȱnucleus B) electronsȱinȱtheȱnucleus C) neutronsȱinȱtheȱnucleus D) electronȱclouds E) electronsȱinȱenergyȱshells Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 7) Theȱinnermostȱelectronȱshellȱinȱanȱatomȱholdsȱupȱtoȱ ȱelectrons A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 8) Radioisotopesȱhaveȱunstable A) ions B) nuclei C) isotopes D) electronȱclouds E) protons Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 9) Byȱweight,ȱwhichȱelementȱisȱtheȱmostȱplentifulȱinȱtheȱhumanȱbody? A) sulfur B) sodium C) oxygen D) potassium E) carbon Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 24ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 10) Whichȱofȱtheseȱlistsȱcontainsȱonlyȱtraceȱelements? A) sulfur,ȱchlorine,ȱoxygen B) selenium,ȱhydrogen,ȱcalcium C) boron,ȱoxygen,ȱcarbon D) silicon,ȱfluorine,ȱtin E) cobalt,ȱcalcium,ȱsodium Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 11) Heliumȱ(HE)ȱhasȱanȱatomicȱnumberȱofȱ2.ȱItȱisȱchemicallyȱstableȱbecauseȱit A) isȱneutralȱinȱelectricalȱcharge B) readilyȱionizesȱtoȱreactȱwithȱotherȱatoms C) hasȱaȱfullȱouterȱelectronȱshell D) willȱformȱaȱcovalentȱbondȱwithȱanotherȱHeȱatom E) lacksȱelectrons,ȱthusȱtheȱHeȱatomȱisȱstable Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 12) Whichȱelementȱcommonlyȱhasȱonlyȱaȱprotonȱasȱitsȱnucleus? A) helium B) neon C) argon D) hydrogen E) carbon Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 13) Byȱweight,ȱwhichȱelementȱisȱtheȱsecondȱmostȱabundantȱinȱtheȱhumanȱbody? A) oxygen B) carbon C) hydrogen D) nitrogen E) calcium Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 14) Inȱanyȱgivenȱmolecule,ȱtheȱsumȱofȱtheȱatomicȱweightsȱofȱitsȱcomponentȱatomsȱisȱcalled A) molecularȱmass B) molecularȱweight C) atomicȱmass D) atomicȱweight E) chemicalȱmass Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ25 15) Givenȱtheȱfollowingȱapproximateȱvalues,ȱcalculateȱtheȱmolecularȱweightȱforȱNaCl AtomicȱnumberȱforȱNa:ȱ11,ȱAtomicȱweightȱforȱNa:ȱ23ȱg/mol,ȱAtomicȱnumberȱforȱCl:ȱ17,Atomic weightȱforȱCl:ȱ35ȱg/mol,ȱBoilingȱpointȱforȱCl:ȱ-34ȱ°C A) 11ȱg/mol B) 28ȱg/mol C) 34ȱg/mol D) 40ȱg/mol E) 58ȱg/mol Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 16) Ifȱanȱisotopeȱofȱoxygenȱhasȱ8ȱprotons,ȱ10ȱneutrons,ȱandȱ8ȱelectrons,ȱitsȱmassȱnumberȱis A) 26 B) 16 C) 18 D) E) 12 Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 17) Ifȱanȱelementȱisȱcomposedȱofȱatomsȱwithȱanȱatomicȱnumberȱofȱ6ȱandȱaȱmassȱnumberȱofȱ14,ȱthen aȱnon-isotopicȱatomȱofȱthisȱelementȱcontains A) 6ȱprotons B) 8ȱelectrons C) 8ȱneutrons D) 6ȱprotonsȱandȱ8ȱelectrons E) 6ȱprotonsȱandȱ8ȱneurons Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 18) A(n)ȱ ȱisȱaȱpureȱsubstanceȱcomposedȱofȱatomsȱofȱonlyȱoneȱkind A) element B) macromolecule C) ion D) isotope E) compound Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 26ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 19) Theȱcenterȱofȱanȱatomȱisȱcalledȱthe A) core B) hub C) middleȱpoint D) nucleus E) focus Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 20) Electronsȱwhirlȱaroundȱtheȱcenterȱofȱtheȱatomȱatȱhighȱspeed,ȱformingȱa(n) A) spiral B) figureȱ8 C) cylinder D) electronȱcloud E) helix Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 21) Electronsȱinȱanȱatomȱoccupyȱanȱorderlyȱseriesȱofȱelectronȱshellsȱor A) energyȱlevels B) electronȱclouds C) energyȱcircles D) electronȱlanes E) energyȱfields Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 22) Theȱactualȱmassȱofȱanȱatomȱisȱknownȱasȱits A) chemicalȱweight B) atomicȱweight C) atomicȱmass D) chemicalȱmass E) chemicalȱforce Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 23) Atomsȱofȱtheȱsameȱelementȱwhoseȱnucleiȱcontainȱtheȱsameȱnumberȱofȱprotons,ȱbutȱdifferent numbersȱofȱneutrons,ȱareȱcalled A) isotonics B) heterotopes C) isotopes D) homotopes E) heterotonics Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ27 24) Theȱ ȱofȱaȱradioactiveȱsubstanceȱisȱtheȱtimeȱrequiredȱforȱ50ȱpercentȱofȱaȱgivenȱamount ofȱradioisotopeȱtoȱdecay A) decay-point B) mid-life C) deteriorationȱpoint D) half-life E) entropy Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 25) TheȱmoleculeȱNOȱisȱknownȱas A) nitricȱoxide B) noxiousȱoxide C) noxiousȱoxygen D) nitricȱoxygen E) nitrousȱoxide Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 26) TheȱmoleculeȱCO2 ȱisȱknownȱas A) carbonizedȱoxygen B) carbonatedȱoxygen C) carbonȱmonoxide D) carbonȱoxide E) carbonȱdioxide Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 27) TheȱmoleculeȱH ȱisȱknownȱas A) hydrohydrogen B) hydrogen C) hydroxide D) helium E) semi-water Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 28ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 28) Whenȱelectronsȱareȱtransferredȱfromȱoneȱatomȱtoȱanother,ȱandȱtheȱtwoȱatomsȱuniteȱasȱaȱresult ofȱtheȱoppositeȱcharges,ȱa(n)ȱ ȱisȱformed A) ion B) molecule C) hydrogenȱbond D) ionicȱbond E) covalentȱbond Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 29) Magnesiumȱatomsȱhaveȱtwoȱelectronsȱinȱtheȱoutermostȱshell.ȱAsȱaȱresult,ȱyouȱwouldȱexpect magnesiumȱtoȱformȱionsȱwithȱaȱchargeȱof A) +1 B) +2 C) -1 D) -2 E) eitherȱ+2ȱorȱ-2 Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 30) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstatementsȱaboutȱhydrogenȱbondsȱisȱfalse? A) Hydrogenȱbondsȱareȱstrongȱattractiveȱforcesȱbetweenȱhydrogenȱatomsȱandȱnegatively chargedȱatoms B) Hydrogenȱbondsȱcanȱoccurȱwithinȱaȱsingleȱmolecule C) Hydrogenȱbondsȱcanȱformȱbetweenȱneighboringȱmolecules D) Hydrogenȱbondsȱareȱimportantȱforȱholdingȱlargeȱmoleculesȱtogether E) Hydrogenȱbondsȱareȱresponsibleȱforȱmanyȱofȱtheȱpropertiesȱofȱwater Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 31) TheȱmoleculeȱO2 ȱisȱknownȱas A) oxide B) oxygen C) organic D) oxate E) aȱsalt Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ29 32) H2 Oȱisȱanȱexampleȱofȱa(n) A) ionicȱformula B) glucoseȱmolecule C) compound D) ion E) covalentȱformula Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 33) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱaȱcation? A) Na+ B) ClC) K+ D) Ca2+ E) Mg 2+ Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 34) Aȱdustȱparticleȱfloatingȱonȱaȱwaterȱsurfaceȱillustrates A) surfaceȱtension B) chemicalȱtension C) staticȱelectricity D) heatȱcapacity E) hydrophilicȱattraction Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 35) Inȱanȱaqueousȱsolution,ȱcationsȱareȱattractedȱtoward A) sodium B) salt C) buffers D) anions E) hydrogenȱions Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 36) Inȱanȱaqueousȱsolution,ȱsodiumȱionsȱwouldȱmoveȱtoward A) aȱnegativeȱterminal B) aȱpositiveȱterminal C) aȱpHȱterminal D) anȱorganicȱterminal E) theȱbottom Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 30ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 37) Theȱchemicalȱbehaviorȱofȱanȱatomȱisȱdeterminedȱbyȱthe A) numberȱofȱprotons B) numberȱofȱneutrons C) outermostȱelectronȱshell D) sizeȱofȱtheȱatom E) massȱofȱtheȱnucleus Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 38) Ionsȱwithȱaȱ+ȱchargeȱareȱcalled A) cations B) anions C) radicals D) positrons E) isotopes Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 39) Whenȱatomsȱcompleteȱtheirȱouterȱelectronȱshellȱbyȱsharingȱelectrons,ȱtheyȱform A) ionicȱbonds B) covalentȱbonds C) hydrogenȱbonds D) anions E) cations Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 40) Ionicȱbondsȱareȱformedȱwhen A) atomsȱshareȱelectrons B) anȱelectronȱorȱelectronsȱareȱcompletelyȱtransferredȱfromȱoneȱatomȱtoȱanother C) aȱpairȱofȱelectronsȱisȱsharedȱunequallyȱbyȱtwoȱatoms D) hydrogenȱformsȱbondsȱwithȱnegativelyȱchargedȱatoms E) twoȱorȱmoreȱatomsȱloseȱelectronsȱatȱtheȱsameȱtime Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 41) Ifȱaȱpairȱofȱelectronsȱisȱunequallyȱsharedȱbetweenȱtwoȱatoms,ȱa(n)ȱ ȱbondȱoccurs A) singleȱcovalent B) doubleȱcovalent C) tripleȱcovalent D) polarȱcovalent E) hydrogen Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ31 42) Elementsȱthatȱhaveȱatomsȱwithȱfullȱouterȱshellsȱofȱelectrons A) willȱformȱmanyȱcompounds B) willȱnormallyȱformȱanions C) willȱnormallyȱformȱcations D) frequentlyȱformȱhydrogenȱbonds E) areȱinertȱgases Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 43) Ionsȱinȱanȱionicȱmoleculeȱareȱheldȱtogetherȱdueȱto A) theȱsharingȱofȱelectrons B) theȱattractionȱofȱoppositeȱelectricalȱcharges C) eachȱelectronȱorbitingȱallȱofȱtheȱionsȱinȱtheȱmolecule D) theȱpresenceȱofȱwaterȱmolecules E) theȱattractionȱofȱsimilarȱchargesȱofȱtheȱionsȇȱprotons Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 44) Sodiumȱ(NA)ȱhasȱanȱatomicȱnumberȱofȱ11.ȱHowȱmanyȱelectronsȱareȱinȱtheȱouterȱelectronȱshell ofȱaȱneutralȱsodiumȱatom? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 45) Oxygenȱ(atomicȱnumberȱ8)ȱrequiresȱhowȱmany additional electronsȱtoȱfillȱitsȱouterȱelectron shell? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 48ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 118) Theȱgroupȱofȱorganicȱcompoundsȱcontainingȱcarbon,ȱhydrogen,ȱandȱoxygenȱinȱaȱnearȱ1:2:1 ratioȱisȱdefinedȱasȱa A) carbohydrate B) lipid C) protein D) nucleicȱacid E) saturatedȱfat Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 119) Carbohydrateȱmolecules A) areȱtheȱbuildingȱblocksȱofȱcellularȱmembranes B) formȱtheȱregulatoryȱmoleculesȱknownȱasȱenzymes C) areȱtheȱbodyȇsȱmostȱreadilyȱavailableȱsourceȱofȱenergy D) areȱcomposedȱofȱC,ȱH,ȱO,ȱandȱNȱatoms E) containȱtheȱgeneticȱinformationȱfoundȱinȱcells Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 120) Whenȱtwoȱmonosaccharidesȱundergoȱaȱdehydrationȱsynthesis, A) twoȱnewȱmonosaccharidesȱareȱformed B) aȱdisaccharideȱisȱformed C) aȱpolysaccharideȱisȱformed D) aȱstarchȱisȱformed E) hydrolysisȱoccurs Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 121) ȱisȱaȱtypeȱofȱindigestibleȱpolysaccharide A) Glycogen B) Starch C) Cellulose D) Sucrose E) Galactose Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 122) Lipids A) formȱessentialȱstructuralȱcomponentsȱofȱcells B) provideȱaȱsignificantȱenergyȱreserve C) helpȱtoȱmaintainȱbodyȱtemperature D) cushionȱorgansȱagainstȱshocks E) Allȱofȱtheȱanswersȱareȱcorrect Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ49 123) Aȱfattyȱacidȱthatȱcontainsȱtwoȱorȱmoreȱdoubleȱcovalentȱbondsȱisȱsaidȱtoȱbe A) saturated B) monounsaturated C) polyunsaturated D) hydrogenated E) carboxylated Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 124) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱis/areȱneededȱtoȱformȱaȱtriglycerideȱmolecule? A) 3ȱglycerolȱmolecules B) 1ȱglycerolȱmolecule C) 3ȱfattyȱacidȱmolecules D) 3ȱglycerolȱmoleculesȱandȱ3ȱfattyȱacidȱmolecules E) 3ȱfattyȱacidȱmoleculesȱandȱ1ȱglycerolȱmolecule Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 125) Aȱshortageȱofȱsteroidsȱinȱtheȱbodyȱwouldȱresultȱinȱaȱshortageȱof A) sexȱhormones B) proteins C) plasmaȱmembranes D) glycogen E) sexȱhormonesȱandȱplasmaȱmembranes Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 126) Lipidsȱthatȱareȱproducedȱbyȱnearlyȱeveryȱtissueȱinȱtheȱbodyȱandȱactȱasȱlocalȱregulatorsȱareȱthe A) prostaglandins B) steroids C) monoglycerides D) phospholipids E) glycolipids Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 127) Cholesterol,ȱphospholipids,ȱandȱglycolipidsȱareȱexamplesȱof A) dietaryȱfats B) prostaglandins C) structuralȱlipids D) lipidȱdrugs E) steroids Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 50ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 128) Aȱfattyȱacidȱwithȱnoȱdoubleȱbondsȱbetweenȱcarbonȱatomsȱis A) unsaturated B) polyunsaturated C) dehydrated D) saturated E) denatured Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 129) Manyȱlipidsȱareȱcomposedȱofȱfattyȱacidsȱand A) glycerol B) aminoȱacids C) sugars D) monosaccharides E) polypeptides Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 130) Allȱfattyȱacidsȱcontainȱaȱfunctionalȱgroupȱatȱoneȱendȱcalledȱtheȱ ȱacidȱgroup A) linoleic B) ribonucleic C) hydroxyl D) glycosidic E) carboxylic Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 131) Moleculesȱwithȱtwoȱfattyȱacidȱchainsȱandȱaȱphosphateȱgroupȱthatȱformȱbiologicalȱmembranes areȱcalled A) diglycerides B) disaccharides C) dipeptides D) prostaglandins E) phospholipids Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 132) Inȱwater,ȱphospholipidsȱtendȱtoȱformȱtinyȱdropletsȱwithȱhydrophobicȱtailsȱburiedȱinsideȱcalled A) micelles B) chylomicrons C) glycocalyces D) eicosanoids E) hydroceles Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ51 133) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱaȱfunctionȱofȱtriglycerides? A) Theyȱareȱaȱreserveȱandȱimportantȱsourceȱofȱenergy B) Theyȱhelpȱinsulateȱagainstȱheatȱlossȱinȱcoldȱclimates C) Theyȱhelpȱprotectȱorgansȱbyȱcreatingȱaȱcushionȱaroundȱtheȱorgan D) Theyȱactȱasȱaȱreserveȱforȱlipidȱsolubleȱvitamins E) Theyȱactȱasȱaȱstructuralȱcomponentȱofȱplasmaȱmembranes Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 134) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱaȱfunctionȱofȱsteroids? A) Theyȱareȱaȱsignificantȱenergyȱreserveȱforȱtheȱbody B) Theyȱareȱstructuralȱcomponentsȱofȱtheȱplasmȱmembrane C) Theyȱareȱinvolvedȱinȱregulationȱofȱsexualȱfunction D) Theyȱregulateȱtissueȱmetabolismȱandȱmineralȱbalance E) Theyȱareȱrequiredȱforȱnormalȱprocessingȱofȱdietaryȱfats Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 135) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱareȱfunctionsȱofȱproteins? A) support B) defense C) metabolicȱregulation D) buffering E) Allȱofȱtheseȱareȱfunctionsȱofȱproteins Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 136) Theȱmonomersȱofȱproteinȱare A) glucose B) fattyȱacids C) aminoȱacids D) nucleotides E) nitrogenȱbase Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 137) Substrateȱmoleculesȱbindȱtoȱenzymesȱatȱtheȱ ȱsites A) amino B) active C) carboxyl D) reactant E) neutral Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 52ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 138) Theȱtermȱ ȱrefersȱtoȱcertainȱaminoȱacids,ȱwhichȱcanȱhaveȱbothȱaȱpositiveȱchargeȱandȱa negativeȱcharge A) anion B) cation C) twinion D) zwitterion E) doubleȱion Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 139) Youȱwouldȱexpectȱaȱpeptideȱbondȱtoȱlink A) twoȱsimpleȱsugars B) twoȱaminoȱacids C) twoȱnucleotides D) aȱsugarȱandȱaȱpeptide E) aȱpeptideȱandȱaȱfattyȱacid Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 140) Eachȱaminoȱacidȱdiffersȱfromȱanotherȱinȱthe A) numberȱofȱcentralȱcarbonȱatoms B) sizeȱofȱtheȱaminoȱgroup C) numberȱofȱcarboxylȱgroups D) natureȱofȱtheȱsideȱchain E) numberȱofȱpeptideȱbondsȱinȱtheȱmolecule Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 141) Aȱsideȱchainȱonȱanȱaminoȱacidȱisȱsometimesȱcalled A) fibrousȱorȱglobular B) aȱpolypeptideȱchain C) anȱRȱgroup D) anȱisozyme E) nucleicȱacid Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 142) Theȱalpha-helixȱandȱbetaȱsheetȱareȱexamplesȱofȱ ȱproteinȱstructure A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary E) pentanary Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ53 143) Interactionȱbetweenȱindividualȱpolypeptideȱchainsȱtoȱformȱaȱproteinȱcomplexȱisȱ structure A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary E) pentagonal Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 144) Glycoproteinsȱandȱproteoglycansȱareȱcombinationsȱofȱaminoȱacidsȱand A) carbohydrates B) fattyȱacids C) lipids D) nucleicȱacids E) inorganicȱcompounds Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 145) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱtheȱsymbolȱforȱanȱaminoȱgroup? A) -COOH B) -PO3 C) -NH2 D) -AMO E) -OH Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 146) Theȱmaximumȱrateȱofȱanȱenzymeȱreaction A) occursȱduringȱdehydration B) occursȱduringȱhydrolysis C) occursȱduringȱsynthesis D) isȱreversible E) occursȱatȱtheȱsaturationȱlimit Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 54ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 147) Howȱwouldȱtheȱlackȱofȱaȱcofactorȱforȱanȱenzymeȱaffectȱthatȱenzymeȇsȱfunction? A) Theȱenzymeȇsȱfunctionȱwouldȱnotȱbeȱaltered B) Theȱenzymeȱwouldȱfunctionȱmoreȱslowly C) Theȱenzymeȱwouldȱfunctionȱmoreȱquickly D) Theȱenzymeȱwouldȱnotȱbeȱableȱtoȱfunction E) Theȱenzymeȱwouldȱceaseȱtoȱfunctionȱafterȱreachingȱaȱmaximumȱrate Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 148) Identifyȱtheȱcorrectȱstatementȱregardingȱtheȱprocessȱofȱdenaturation A) Itȱisȱaffectedȱbyȱlowȱtemperatures B) ItȱisȱunaffectedȱbyȱchangesȱinȱpH C) Itȱisȱtheȱlossȱofȱproteinȱstructure D) Itȱisȱanȱincreaseȱinȱenzymeȱactivity E) Itȱresultsȱinȱdecreasedȱsubstrateȱavailability Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 149) ȱstructureȱresultsȱprimarilyȱfromȱhydrophobicȱandȱhydrophilicȱinteractionsȱbetween theȱR-groupsȱofȱtheȱpolypeptideȱchainȱandȱwater A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Quaternary E) Pentanary Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 150) Inȱtertiaryȱstructureȱtheȱ ȱbondȱisȱformedȱbetweenȱtwoȱcysteineȱaminoȱacids A) hydrophilic B) hydrophobic C) hydrogen D) ionic E) disulfide Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 151) Mucinsȱareȱaȱtypeȱofȱ ȱthatȱabsorbȱwaterȱtoȱformȱmucus A) glycolipid B) glycoprotein C) proteoglycan D) glyceride E) glycerol Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ55 152) Moleculesȱthatȱstoreȱandȱprocessȱgeneticȱinformationȱareȱthe A) proteins B) nucleicȱacids C) carbohydrates D) lipids E) steroids Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 153) Anȱaminoȱacidȱisȱtoȱaȱproteinȱasȱaȱ ȱisȱtoȱaȱnucleicȱacid A) purine B) nucleotide C) protein D) proton E) neutron Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 154) Aȱnucleotideȱconsistsȱofȱa A) five-carbonȱsugarȱandȱphosphateȱgroup B) five-carbonȱsugarȱandȱaȱnitrogenousȱbase C) phosphateȱgroupȱandȱaȱnitrogenousȱbase D) five-carbonȱsugar,ȱaȱnitrogenousȱbase,ȱandȱaȱphosphateȱgroup E) five-carbonȱsugarȱandȱanȱaminoȱacid Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 155) Accordingȱtoȱtheȱrulesȱofȱcomplementaryȱbaseȱpairingȱinȱnucleicȱacids,ȱcytosineȱwouldȱpair withȱtheȱbase A) thymine B) adenine C) uracil D) cytosine E) guanine Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 156) Adenineȱandȱguanineȱare A) purinesȱrepresentedȱbyȱTȱandȱC B) pyrimidinesȱrepresentedȱbyȱAȱandȱG C) purinesȱrepresentedȱbyȱAȱandȱG D) pyrimidinesȱrepresentedȱbyȱTȱandȱC E) nucleotidesȱrepresentedȱbyȱAȱandȱG Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 56ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 157) TheȱstructureȱofȱRNAȱdiffersȱfromȱDNAȱinȱthat A) theȱbackboneȱofȱRNAȱcontainsȱribose B) RNAȱcontainsȱpyrimidinesȱbutȱnotȱpurines C) RNAȱcontainsȱpurinesȱbutȱnotȱpyrimidines D) DNAȱcontainsȱpyrimidinesȱbutȱnotȱpurines E) DNAȱcontainsȱpurinesȱbutȱnotȱpyrimidines Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 158) TheȱmoleculeȱDNAȱcontainsȱaȱfive-carbonȱsugarȱcalled A) glucose B) fructose C) maltose D) ribose E) deoxyribose Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 159) Theȱthreeȱstructuralȱcomponentsȱofȱaȱnucleotideȱareȱaȱpentose,ȱaȱphosphateȱgroup,ȱandȱa ȱbase A) nucleic B) hydrophilic C) hydrochloric D) nitrogenous E) sulfuric Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 160) TheȱpurinesȱfoundȱinȱDNAȱareȱ ȱandȱguanine A) cytosine B) adenine C) thymine D) uracil E) niacin Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 161) TheȱpyrimidineȱbasesȱfoundȱinȱDNAȱareȱ ȱandȱcytosine A) cytosine B) adenine C) thymine D) uracil E) niacin Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ57 162) Theȱmostȱabundantȱhigh-energyȱcompoundȱinȱcellsȱis A) DNA B) adenosineȱdiphosphate C) adenosineȱmonophosphate D) adenosineȱtriphosphate E) RNA Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 163) Aȱhigh-energyȱbondȱinȱATPȱisȱpresentȱbetween A) adenineȱandȱribose B) adenineȱandȱaȱphosphateȱgroup C) theȱfirstȱandȱsecondȱphosphateȱgroup D) theȱsecondȱandȱthirdȱphosphateȱgroup E) phosphateȱgroupsȱ1ȱandȱ2ȱandȱbetweenȱphosphateȱgroupsȱ2ȱandȱ3 Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 164) Theȱphosphorylationȱofȱadenosineȱforms A) ADP B) ATP C) AMP D) 2ATP E) ribose Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 165) IdentifyȱtheȱproductȱformedȱfromȱtheȱphosphorylationȱofȱADP A) adenosineȱdiphosphate B) adenine C) adenosineȱtriphosphate D) deoxyribonucleicȱacid E) ribose Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 166) AMPȱ+ȱPȱ A) ADP B) 2ADP C) DNA D) ATP E) adenine Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 58ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 167) A(n)ȱ ȱbondȱisȱaȱcovalentȱbondȱthatȱstoresȱanȱunusuallyȱlargeȱamountȱofȱenergy A) forceful B) charged C) excitable D) power E) high-energy Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 168) Inȱtheȱprocessȱofȱ ȱaȱphosphateȱgroupȱisȱtransferredȱtoȱaȱmolecule A) ionization B) buffering C) amination D) dissociation E) phosphorylation Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 169) TheȱhydrolysisȱofȱATPȱyieldsȱADP,ȱphosphateȱion,ȱand A) AMP B) H2O C) energy D) adenosine E) nuclease Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering In-Text Figure Based Questions 1) Howȱmanyȱelectronsȱcanȱtheȱsecondȱenergyȱlevelȱholdȱwhenȱitȱisȱcompletelyȱfilled?ȱ(Figure 2-3) A) B) C) D) E) 10 Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ59 2) Hydrogenȱbondsȱdoȱnotȱformȱbetweenȱtwoȱhydrogenȱatoms.ȱWhereȱdoȱhydrogenȱbondsȱform? (Figureȱ2-8) A) betweenȱtheȱslightȱpositiveȱchargeȱonȱtheȱhydrogenȱatomȱandȱtheȱslightȱnegativeȱcharge onȱtheȱoxygenȱatom B) betweenȱtheȱslightȱnegativeȱchargeȱonȱtheȱhydrogenȱatomȱandȱtheȱslightȱpositiveȱcharge onȱtheȱoxygenȱatom C) betweenȱtheȱslightȱpositiveȱchargeȱonȱtheȱsodiumȱatomȱandȱtheȱslightȱnegativeȱchargeȱon theȱchlorineȱatom D) betweenȱtheȱslightȱnegativeȱchargeȱonȱtheȱsodiumȱatomȱandȱtheȱslightȱnegativeȱchargeȱon theȱchlorineȱatom E) betweenȱtwoȱions Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 3) Whichȱnumberȱrepresentsȱtheȱgreatestȱamountȱofȱenergyȱthatȱmustȱbeȱovercomeȱduringȱthe reaction?ȱWhichȱnumberȱrepresentsȱtheȱlowestȱamountȱofȱreactionȱenergy?ȱ(Figureȱ2 -9) A) 1;ȱ2 B) 1;ȱ4 C) 4;ȱ2 D) 2;ȱ4 E) 4;ȱ3 Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 2-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 4) Howȱmanyȱatomsȱareȱshownȱinȱeachȱglucoseȱstructure?ȱ(Figureȱ2-12) A) B) C) D) E) 10 Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 5) Whatȱtypeȱofȱbondȱdoesȱanȱunsaturatedȱfattyȱacidȱcontainȱthatȱaȱsaturatedȱfattyȱacidȱdoesȱnot? (Figureȱ2-15) A) atȱleastȱ4ȱsingleȱcovalentȱbonds B) atȱleastȱoneȱdoubleȱcovalentȱbond C) anȱionicȱbond D) aȱhydrogenȱbond E) atȱleastȱoneȱtripleȱcovalentȱbond Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 60ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 6) Whatȱmakesȱfattyȱacidȱ3ȱanȱunsaturatedȱfattyȱacid?ȱ(Figureȱ2-17) A) theȱpresenceȱofȱonlyȱsingleȱcovalentȱbonds B) theȱpresenceȱofȱaȱdoubleȱcovalentȱbond C) theȱpresenceȱofȱanȱionicȱbond D) theȱpresenceȱofȱaȱhydrogenȱbond E) theȱpresenceȱofȱaȱtripleȱcovalentȱbond Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-11 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 7) Whatȱstructuralȱdifferencesȱmakeȱadenineȱandȱguanineȱdifferentȱfromȱcytosine,ȱthymine,ȱand uracil?ȱ(Figureȱ2-24) A) Adenineȱandȱguanineȱhaveȱaȱphosphateȱgroup,ȱwhileȱcytosine,ȱthymine,ȱandȱuracilȱdo not B) Adenineȱandȱguanineȱdoȱnotȱhaveȱaȱphosphateȱgroup,ȱwhileȱcytosine,ȱthymine,ȱand uracilȱdo C) Adenineȱandȱguanineȱareȱdouble-ringedȱnitrogenousȱbases,ȱwhileȱcytosine,ȱthymine,ȱand uracilȱareȱsingle-ringed D) Adenineȱandȱguanineȱareȱsingle-ringedȱnitrogenousȱbases,ȱwhileȱcytosine,ȱthymine,ȱand uracilȱareȱdouble-ringed E) Adenineȱandȱguanineȱhaveȱriboseȱasȱtheȱsugar,ȱwhileȱcytosine,ȱthymine,ȱandȱuracilȱhave deoxyribose Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 2-13 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 8) HowȱmanyȱphosphorylationsȱdoesȱAMPȱundergoȱtoȱbecomeȱATP?ȱ(Figureȱ2-26) A) B) C) D) E) Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 2-14 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ2ȱȱTheȱChemicalȱLevelȱofȱOrganizationȱȱȱ61 Essay Questions 1) Theȱelementȱsulfurȱhasȱanȱatomicȱnumberȱofȱ16ȱandȱmassȱnumberȱofȱ32.ȱHowȱmanyȱneutrons areȱinȱtheȱnucleusȱofȱaȱsulfurȱatom?ȱIfȱsulfurȱformsȱcovalentȱbondsȱwithȱhydrogen,ȱhowȱmany hydrogenȱatomsȱcanȱbondȱtoȱoneȱsulfurȱatom? Answer: Theȱnumberȱofȱneutronsȱinȱanȱatomȱisȱequalȱtoȱtheȱmassȱnumberȱminusȱtheȱatomic number.ȱThus,ȱsulfurȱhasȱ32ȱ-ȱ16ȱ=ȱ16ȱneutrons.ȱTheȱatomicȱnumberȱindicatesȱthe numberȱofȱprotons,ȱsoȱaȱneutralȱsulfurȱatomȱcontainsȱ16ȱprotonsȱplusȱ16ȱelectronsȱto balanceȱtheȱprotonsȱelectrically.ȱTheȱelectronsȱwouldȱbeȱdistributedȱasȱfollows:ȱ2ȱinȱthe firstȱelectronȱshell,ȱ8ȱinȱtheȱsecond,ȱandȱtheȱremainingȱ6ȱinȱtheȱthird.ȱToȱachieveȱaȱfullȱ8 electronsȱinȱtheȱthirdȱ(outermost)ȱelectronȱshell,ȱtheȱsulfurȱatomȱcanȱacceptȱ2ȱelectronsȱin anȱionicȱbondȱorȱcanȱshareȱ2ȱelectronsȱinȱaȱcovalentȱbond.ȱBecauseȱhydrogenȱatomsȱcan shareȱoneȱelectronȱinȱaȱcovalentȱbond,ȱtheȱsulfurȱatomȱcanȱformȱtwoȱcovalentȱbonds withȱhydrogen,ȱoneȱwithȱeachȱofȱtwoȱhydrogenȱatoms.ȱInȱchemicalȱnotation,ȱthisȱisȱH S LearningȱOutcome: 2-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 2) Whatȱroleȱdoȱbufferȱsystemsȱplayȱinȱtheȱhumanȱbody? Answer: BufferȱsystemsȱhelpȱmaintainȱpHȱwithinȱnormalȱlimitsȱbyȱremovingȱorȱreplacing hydrogenȱionsȱasȱneeded LearningȱOutcome: 2-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 3) BloodȱhasȱaȱveryȱnarrowȱnormalȱpHȱrangeȱbutȱurineȱhasȱaȱveryȱbroadȱnormalȱpHȱrange.ȱWhat doesȱthatȱindicateȱaboutȱtheȱphysiologyȱofȱpH? Answer: HomeostasisȱrequiresȱthatȱtheȱpHȱofȱbodyȱfluidsȱbeȱmaintainedȱalmostȱconstantȱtoȱavoid disruptionsȱofȱhealthyȱfunction.ȱToȱaccomplishȱthis,ȱtheȱurinaryȱsystemȱeliminatesȱor retainsȱhydrogenȱionȱasȱneeded.ȱTheseȱactionsȱcauseȱtheȱpHȱofȱurineȱtoȱvaryȱwidely, dependingȱonȱwhetherȱthereȱisȱtooȱmuchȱorȱnotȱenoughȱhydrogenȱionȱinȱtheȱbody LearningȱOutcome: 2-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 4) Explainȱtheȱroleȱofȱwaterȱmoleculesȱinȱpolysaccharideȱformation Answer: Waterȱmoleculesȱareȱremovedȱinȱtheȱdehydrationȱsynthesisȱofȱpolysaccharides LearningȱOutcome: 2-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 5) HowȱdoesȱtheȱDNAȱmoleculeȱcontrolȱtheȱappearanceȱandȱfunctionȱofȱaȱcell? Answer: TheȱDNAȱmoleculeȱcontrolsȱtheȱsynthesisȱofȱenzymesȱandȱstructuralȱproteins.ȱBy controllingȱtheȱsynthesisȱofȱstructuralȱproteins,ȱtheȱDNAȱisȱableȱtoȱinfluenceȱtheȱphysical appearanceȱofȱaȱcell.ȱByȱcontrollingȱtheȱproductionȱofȱenzymes,ȱtheȱDNAȱisȱableȱto controlȱallȱaspectsȱofȱcellularȱmetabolismȱandȱthusȱcontrolȱtheȱactivityȱandȱbiological functionsȱofȱtheȱcell LearningȱOutcome: 2-12 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 62ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 6) Explainȱthreeȱphysiologicalȱbenefitsȱthatȱareȱaȱresultȱofȱtheȱheatȱcapacityȱofȱwater Answer: First,ȱbecauseȱwaterȱrequiresȱaȱlargeȱamountȱofȱheatȱtoȱbreakȱtheȱhydrogensȱbondsȱand vaporizeȱtheȱresultingȱbenefitȱisȱthatȱwaterȱisȱaȱliquidȱoverȱaȱbroadȱrangeȱof temperaturesȱallowingȱphysiologicalȱreactionsȱtoȱfunction.ȱSecond,ȱbecauseȱwater absorbsȱaȱlotȱofȱheatȱbeforeȱitȱvaporizes,ȱasȱperspirationȱevaporatesȱfromȱtheȱskinȱitȱtakes withȱitȱaȱlotȱofȱheatȱtherebyȱprovidingȱusȱwithȱaȱmechanismȱforȱcooling.ȱȱThird,ȱbecause waterȱrequiresȱaȱlargeȱamountȱofȱheatȱtoȱchangeȱtemperature,ȱlargeȱbodiesȱofȱwaterȱwill changeȱtemperatureȱslowly.ȱȱThisȱmeansȱthatȱtheȱwaterȱinȱtheȱbodyȱwillȱbeȱslowȱto changeȱoverallȱandȱwillȱprovideȱaȱthermallyȱstabilizingȱeffectȱaroundȱwhichȱweȱcan maintainȱourȱcoreȱbodyȱtemperature LearningȱOutcome: 2-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc ... Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 30ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 37) Theȱchemicalȱbehavior of anȱatomȱisȱdeterminedȱbyȱthe A) number of protons... Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 32ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 46) Theȱformula for methaneȱgasȱisȱCH ȱWhatȱdoesȱtheȱformulaȱ4CH represent? A) aȱmoleculeȱwithȱ4ȱcarbonȱatoms... BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 28ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 28) Whenȱelectronsȱareȱtransferredȱfromȱoneȱatomȱtoȱanother, and theȱtwoȱatomsȱuniteȱasȱaȱresult