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cosmetics Review Cosmetic Functional Ingredients from Botanical Sources for Anti-Pollution Skincare Products Claudia Juliano * ID and Giovanni Antonio Magrini Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy; giovanniantonio.magrini@gmail.com * Correspondence: julianoc@uniss.it; Tel.: +39-7922-8729 Received: 30 December 2017; Accepted: 23 January 2018; Published: February 2018 Abstract: Air pollution is a rising problem in many metropolitan areas around the world Airborne contaminants are predominantly derived from anthropogenic activities, and include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, ozone and particulate matter (PM; a mixture of solid and liquid particles of variable size and composition, able to absorb and delivery a large number of pollutants) The exposure to these air pollutants is associated to detrimental effects on human skin, such as premature aging, pigment spot formation, skin rashes and eczema, and can worsen some skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis A cosmetic approach to this problem involves the topical application of skincare products containing functional ingredients able to counteract pollution-induced skin damage Considering that the demand for natural actives is growing in all segments of global cosmetic market, the aim of this review is to describe some commercial cosmetic ingredients obtained from botanical sources able to reduce the impact of air pollutants on human skin with different mechanisms, providing a scientific rationale for their use Keywords: plants; plant extracts; anti-pollution ingredients; antioxidant Introduction Nowadays air pollution is a global environmental and health problem of growing concern While some kinds of air pollution are produced naturally (forest fires, volcanic eruptions, dust storms), anthropogenic activities are the main cause of the emission of chemical pollutants into the atmosphere [1] Most of air chemical pollutants of human origin are produced by the combustion of fossil fuel to produce heat and energy, major industrial processes, exhaust from transportation vehicles (aircraft, cars) and agricultural sources (livestock farms, application of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides in crop production) Air pollution is composed of a heterogeneous mixture of compounds, categorized into two broad groups: primary and secondary pollutants [2] Primary pollutants are emitted directly from pollution sources, and include gases (CO2 , CO, SO2 , NO, NO2 ), low molecular weight hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants (e.g., dioxins), heavy metals (e.g., lead, mercury) and particulate matter (PM) Secondary pollutants are formed in the atmosphere through chemical and photochemical reactions involving primary pollutants; they include ozone (O3 ), NO2 , peroxy acetyl nitrate, hydrogen peroxide and aldehydes [1,2] Gaseous pollutants are mainly produced by fuel combustion (CO from incomplete combustion and SO2 from combustion of sulfur-rich fuels), while dioxines are produced when materials containing chlorine are burned Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major concern especially in the air of densely populated urban areas; it consists of mixtures of particles of different size and composition Depending on their aerodynamic diameter, they are commonly referred to as PM10 (