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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE HO CHI MINH CITY TRUONG QUOC SU SPATIAL FORMING OF URBAN AGRICULTURE BASING ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING HARMONIZING WITH LOCAL IDENTITIES IN MEKONG DELTA DEPARMENT: REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING CODE : 9580105 SUMMARY OF THE REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING THESIS Ho Chi Minh City – 2019 The thesis is completed at: UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE HO CHI MINH CITY Scientific instructor: Assoc.Prof.PhD PHAM TU PhD DO PHU HUNG First reviewer: Prof.PhD NGUYEN TO LANG Second reviewer: Assoc.Prof.PhD DAM THU TRANG Third reviewer: Assoc.Prof.PhD PHAM ANH DUNG The thesis will be defended before the School-level Committee at: UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE HO CHI MINH CITY At hour day month year 2019 The thesis can be found at the library: LIBRARY OF UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE HCMC GENERAL SCIENCES LIBRARY OF HOCHIMINH CITY INTRODUCTION Reason to choose the topic The rise of agricultural activity in urban space, also known as urban agriculture (UA), is taking place strongly in the context of urbanization appearing everywhere UA is emerging as a trend which has been researched and practiced increasingly and widely in developed countries as well as developing countries Experimental cases show that UA has coined many opportunities for urban planning toward sustainable trend on a global scale The Mekong Delta (MD) which is considered one of the long traditional cradles of Vietnamese agriculture has been positively contributing to the development of the country Currently the MD is planned to be one of four key economic regions, one of six urbanized regions of the country, in which the urban system plays a role of driving force for economic - cultural and social development However, urban areas in the MD are currently facing challenges in the urbanization process that exceeds the municipality’s management and undergoing great impacts of climate change and sea level rise which posing a risk of directly affects to urban and living environment of urbanite The development orientation of MD region is determined that the urban system to play the role as regional center for socio-economic development, in which agricultural factors contribute to most areas of life However, in the existing urban space, unfortunately the trend of ecological agriculture, high-tech agriculture and agricultural ecotourism has not been formalized to be UA Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and have scientific thinking about UA, UA must become a new driving force to contribute to urban construction planning toward sustainable development in the MD Therefore, the issue of organizing agricultural space in urban spatial structure to increase new values for urban areas in the MD is very urgent in current context For the above reasons, the topic “Spatial forming of UA basing on sustainable urban planning harmonizing with local identities in the MD”, which is in the faculty of region and urban planning, has been choosen for research thesis Research objectives - General objective: The objective of the thesis is to study the spatial organizing of UA in the existing urban environment for urban planning toward sustainable urban development harmonizing with agricultural ecological trend and local identity in the MD - Specific objectives: To achieve the general goal, the specific objectives need to be clarified: Identify appropriate spaces for UA activities in the MD; Proposing general-oriented solutions for UA in aspects of master planning – spatial organizing and forming in MD; Proposing appropriate models of UA in the MD Application of research results to specific urban cases in the MD Research content The thesis has main contents: - First, overview of UA space in the world, in Vietnam, and the status quo of UA in the MD from the perspective of urban development; - Second, research methodology and scientific foundations on spatial organizing of UA in urban areas in accordance with urban development planning in the MD; - Third, studying the general orientations of solutions for master planning, spatial organizing and forming solutions of UA towards sustainable urban development harmonzing with local identities in the MD; - Forth, study application of thesis results in the case of urban areas namely Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap province; - Fifth, Discuss the research results and expand the following research issues Research subjects and scope - Subject of study: With the objectives and content of the research, the subject of research are identified as urban space and existing agricultural models in the MD urban area In addition, issues related to UA are also research subjects - Scope of study: The thesis refers to the research space as the urban space in the MD The study timeline was determined from 1990 (when the initial concepts, arguments about UA in the world were discussed) to 2050 Research methodology: The object of research with the main subject is urban planning in the context of UA appearing, so from the systematic and multidisciplinary approach, the author identifies scientific research methods appropriate to the objectives and content research of the thesis The scientific and practical meanings of the research topic - Scientific significance: The scientific foundations for asserting UA which appears in urban environment towards sustainable urban development model with local identity in MD - Practical significance: Bringing UA becomes a new driving force for urban development Especially UA is renovating the existing urban space and increasing the efficiency of using urban land resources In addition, it aims to recognize the role of UA in urban development planning Concepts and terms related to research subjects - Group of urban concept and others related concepts: including urban; urbanization; urban space; urban spatial organizing; and some concepts of sustainable urban development such as ecological urban and agro-eco urban - Group of UA concept and related concepts: including urban agriculture; space of urban agriculture; Spatial organizing of urban agriculture; Landscape of urban agriculture production; multifunctional urban agriculture; urban agriculture green infrastructure; Some concepts related to agriculture and agriculture in urban areas - Group of identity concept and urban with local identity: including identity; urban identity; place-based urban and urban bearing local identity Relevant studies and existing problems: - Research related to UA: Most researches on UA and issues related to UA are present in the form of scientific articles or case study A small number of in-depth research thesis on UA is mainly in fields such as agriculture, economy, environment, geography - Existing problems: Up to now, there has been almost no research on UA from urban planning and design field In which, the use of urban planning and design tools to diversify urban functional spaces is still a “gap” for urban systems in Vietnam in general and in the MD in particular The thesis structure: In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main content of the thesis consists of chapters: Overview of UA in the world, in Vietnam and in the MD; Research methodology and scientific basis for space organization of UA in urban system in MD; Research results and discussion CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW OF URBAN AGRICULTURAL SPACE IN THE WORLD, IN VIETNAM AND IN THE MD URBAN AREAS 1.1 Overview of UA space in urban areas in the world 1.1.1 Brief history of formation and development process of UA space: The urban agricultural space is formed from the early urban period to the difficult and crisis urban period and is now more and more popular in the period of urban development In the context of the agricultural revolution, the impact of the environmental crisis as well as the dryness of modern urban have framed the important role of UA today 1.1.2 Some typical spatial models of UA: For each stage of formation and development, there are typical urban agricultural models These are horizontal spatial models of UA such as community garden models, urban farm space models The vertical spatial model of UA such as the model of agricultural specialized high-rise space and the model of high-rise space combining the urban agricultural activites with other functional spaces of the urban 1.1.3 Trends in spatial development of UA So far there are basic trends as follows: (1) Trend of urban agricultural spatial development is an organic component in urban: Organic in urban spatial structure and organic in urban social activities (2) The trend of space development of UA increases new values for urban areas: The integration of UA space in the direction of multi-function diversifies functional space and increases the value of urban land use In addition, it brings value of environmental benefits, landscape values and urban greening, and humanistic value to urban space (3) Trend of UA space development contributes to sustainable urban development: Contributing to sustainable development in the environmental, economic, and social fields of urban areas 1.2 General situation of agricultural space in Vietnamese cities 1.2.1 Agricultural models in urban areas - Formal agricultural models: Today, urban areas in Vietnam have some agricultural models planned such as traditional agricultural farming models, high quality agricultural models and organic ecological agricultural models These models are considered formal agricultural activities in urban areas - Informal agricultural models in urban areas: Some agricultural models which are not included in urban planning are called informal models such as agricultural crops and animal husbandry in households or combining with urban functional spaces These models are usually small and impulsive 1.2.2 General situation of agricultural land in urban areas: Agricultural land in urban areas is considered as reserve land in urban development planning and land fund for construction projects in the process of urbanization Therefore, the phenomenon of illegal construction on agricultural land and the phenomenon of agricultural land fund “disappearing” is quite common in urban areas in Vietnam in the process of urbanization 1.3 Status quo of agriculture in urban area of MD 1.3.1 Some agricultural models in urban areas: The agriculture in urban areas of MD also has the same situation as other cities Actual survey of some typical models has the following results: - Model of orchards intermingling with tourism activities: Model of orchards in My Khanh (Can Tho) has not only organized entertainment activities but it also creates a relaxing space in the form of a gardening house Orchards in the Vinh Long city has organized countryside cuisine in combination with entertainment of amateur music In the MD, the agricultural model of orchards mixed with tourism activities is currently quite popular - Model of traditional agricultural village: In most current urban areas, there are traditional agricultural activities of various industries such as weaving in Vinh Long, Ben Tre with handicrafts, agricultural products processing as confectionery village in Soc Trang, dried seafood in Chau Doc, My Tho with ricepaper and ornamental flower in Cho Lach, Sa Dec However, the ability to develop in the direction of agricultural tourism is still limited because the models of traditional agricultural villages are often minor and dispersed - Model of high-rise farm in urban areas: Today, there is a kind of farm in the form of “high-rise architecture”, attracting and breeding salanganes as in Rach Gia and Go Cong cities Most models exist informally in the form of intensive farming or combined with housing functions in urban areas that have set the issues of development policy - Model of high-tech agricultural zone: In Can Tho, Vi Thanh and Tan An, a quantity of high-tech agricultural areas are being planned although most of them are still in the early stages of development This model has created many challenges, mainly in the conclusion of technical infrastructure and the high-tech application on centralized production and towards planning as an urban functional area - Model of nature-based agriculture: Considered as a sustainable farming model by promoting the circulation of natural and complementary elements in a farming area to reinstate, maintain and promote the harmony of nature There are some examples of these models such as traditional rice production in Nga Nam (Soc Trang); shrimp farming - planting forests in Nam Can (Ca Mau); growing lotus in Sadec, Lap Vo (Dong Thap) 1.3.2 Impact of urbanization: The urbanization process in the MD significantly impacts the expansion of urban boundaries to the periurban areas and the increases of agricultural land use conversion, as well as almost every aspect of social life In general, urbanization in MD has a direct impact on agricultural activities in urban areas, affecting urban space where UA is happening as well as on economic cultural society and life of urbanite 1.3.3 Current status of agricultural space in urban areas Looking from the perspective of urban planning: From the perspective of spatial aspect of agriculture in urban spatial structure, agricultural models in the existing urban areas are formed mainly spontaneously, with small and medium scales, dispersed in urban areas From the perspective of agricultural activities in urban spatial functions, agricultural models in the existing urban areas have specialized functions in agricultural production, which is often singular function, so agricultural activities mainly take place in the planned space as agricultural land in urban areas From the perspective of agricultural image in urban spatial morphology, agricultural activities in urban area are now mainly in the field of cultivation such as rice, fruit trees, flower and clean vegetables bring countryside images in urban landscape 1.4 Some scientific works and theses, dissertations study the same direction of the topic 1.4.1 Scientific study on UA: In the world, UA is becoming a phenomenon that has been studied in many fields, especially in 12 brings ecological value to urban space but also increases economic value for urban areas where agricultural land accounts for a high proportion and plays an important role in the current urban economy + Theory of sustainable farming urban: This theory emphasizes the role of friendly-environmental farming method in the above urban areas It is built on a multi-tiered producing organization that creates wide-extention production efficiency of urban space + Theory of natural symbiosis urban: This theory purposes to a harmonious combination of all aspects of the urban area which are primarily about space when there is an integration of agricultural activity It is the symbiosis of function, structure, spatial image, bringing multidimensional effect to the city + Theory of smart urban: In order to increase the efficiency of using urban resources and improve the productivity of integration in urban space, this theory is applied to urban agricultural cultivation It meets the conditions of simultaneous service of different objects and needs 2.2.2 The arguments and theories of urban agricultural spatial forming to create a local identity for the urban area - Arguments of urban development with local identity: The content of the topic is directly related to this argument Consequently, urban agricultural activities are considered to create a specific identity of the place for space according to the concept that urban space is a unified whole between the environmental background and material context for activities of human Through activities such as discovering the specificity of places and using, an understanding of “a sense of place” or experience, exploring human space and “social interactions”, “the sense of community” of the place, the peculiar 13 impression of the space will be summarized, enhanced and contributed to create an identity for the urban space - Theory of urban development with local identity: The locationbased urban theory associated with the concepts of “soul of place”, “place creation” and urban image theory associated with the physical image of the urban area The image of urban agricultural activities reflects the local factors very clearly through the specific elements of culture, history and farming practices related to agriculture Therefore, applying these theories to create urban space for the local agricultural appearance brings the value of urban identity 2.3 Practical foundation for spatial forming of UA in the MD 2.3.1 Practical context of the MD - Natural conditions: The fertile soil, mild climate and a dense network of rivers and canals are favorable conditions for agricultural and urban development according to green and ecological trends - Economic and cultural-social conditions: The MD is one of the key economic regions of the country, with an agricultural and fishery economy developing and having great potential in applying technologies to agricultural production and social life - Agricultural economic conditions: With largest area of granary and orchids in the country, agriculture plays an important role in the regional economy Therefore, it also has great potential to renovate towards green agriculture and green economic development - Climate change issues in the Mekong River Delta region: Social life as well as agricultural economic development in most urban areas are affected by impact of climate change In particular, the phenomenon of sea level rise has narrowed the land for cultivations as well as for urban development in most localities in the MD 14 2.3.2 Practical context of urban areas in the MD - Urban system and urban development planning orientation: The urban system of MD has 166 urban areas (2016), which are classified as: 02 of type 1, 07 of type 2, of type 3, 23 of type and 125 of type Thus, the orientations for developing urban systems has modified recently basing on a multi-polarized model combined with economic corridors, and promoting role of the natural landscape harmonizing with sub-regional characteristics in urban zoning - Impact of urbanization and urban development policy: The swift urbanization process has caused many impacts in the suburbs For instance, traditional agricultural crops tend to accumulate and move away from concentrated urbanization zones On the other hand, the recently approved regional urban development policy has moved to the perspective of natural rules and the actual conditions of each urban area to put forward specialization, modernization and diversification of agriculture in accordance with characteristics and advantages of each agricultural ecological region 2.4 Foundation on space & spatial organizing of UA in the MD 2.4.1 The foundation of space: Agricultural activities in urban spaces tend to diversify in planting and mix with other functions Specifically, in terms of urban structure, participating UA will complete the agricultural specialized space and other functional spaces, both towards harmonious structures in each region and in the whole urban space In term of urban image, agricultural spaces are landscape diversification, increasing greening, softening, flexibility, and aesthetic value towards ecology However, the existing agricultural space needs some conditions to become urban agricultural space in accordance with some viewpoints on space 15 Those are the conditions of urban technical infrastructure and the conditions of urban space properties such as flexibility in different using, harmoniousness of spaces, consistency reflecting the nature of context and interactivity to boost use value 2.4.2 The foundation for spatial organizing of UA in the MD: Physical elements which constitute UA space consist of cubic spatial and active spatial elements Base on these factors, there are key method of spatial forming of UA such as spatial structure; organized according to the landscape and spatial organizing according to “redistribution technology” Therein, “redistribution technology” is one of the most appropriate planning methods for the current agricultural space, which has many small, weak individual and is lack of technical infrastructure of the urban area in the MD 2.5 Lessons about spatial organizing of UA 2.5.1 In the world: Spatial organizing of UA has plenty of practical lessons It is the integration of UA in urban functional space with case studies from the Netherlands and the United States It is the integration of UA into the production landscape in the cases in Germany and Maroc Or as the revision of regulations and guidelines on urban planning and design integrated with UA in the Israel and Cuba Especially the lesson group on exploiting urban open space at different scales as is the case in Taiwan and China 2.5.2 In Viet Nam: In domestic cities, the lesson of spatial organizing of high-tech agricultural zones in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi, spatial forming of urban farm combined with agricultural tourism in Da Lat city as well as spatial planinng of traditional craft village combined with agricultural tourism in Hoi An are valuable study for the spatial forming of UA in the MD 16 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Proposing general viewpoints, objectives and principles for master planning - spatial organizing and forming of UA in MD 3.1.1 General viewpoint: In order to organize urban agricultural space in the MD, it is necessary to consider the following viewpoints: urban space is a limited urban resource, urban agricultural space is an organic component of the urban spatial structure, and UA works towards urban interaction 3.1.2 General objectives: Firstly, by means of the effective exploitation of urban space and the harmonious organization of urban space, the spatial organizing of UA should aim toward sustainable urban development Secondly, the spatial forming of UA should generate a local identity through the designing of agricultural landscapes and the exploiting of local agricultural colours 3.1.3 General principles: Spatial organizing of UA should optimize the use of urban space, thereby adding new values for urban space, and harmonizing spatial functions in urban structure 3.2 Proposing appropriate spaces for UA activities towards sustainable urban development with the local identity in the MD: From the scientific foundations and the status quo of existing urban spaces, suitable spaces for UA are identified as the followings: - For overall urban space: These are open spaces in form of corridors following the waterway and road traffic axes, greenery and water surface in most urban areas - For residential space: Upon the size and property of the space appropriate forms of UA are private housing space; public space; square, green trees, water surface space; urban administrative offices space at district level; and other social infrastructure spaces 17 - For urban central space: The most appropriate spaces consist of the space of square, the center park, and high-rise building such as administrative buildings, or works on culture and sport - For industrial park space: The spaces are suitable with UA such as: flower garden, green trees and the overall space of factories and enterprises to create a merged urban agricultural landscape - For green space: The public park and greenery space on two sides of the river system and on the roads are appropriate for UA - For existing farmland space in urban structure: Farmland in urban areas is the most convenient space for large-scale intensive activities and assure sustainable urban agricultural development 3.3 Proposing general orientation on resolutions of master planning - spatial organizing and forming of UA in MD 3.3.1 General orientation on solutions for master planning of agricultural space in urban structure - The master spatial planning of UA should be guaranteed in accordance with the development strategy of urban planning in the MD: It is in accordance with the regional socio-economic development context and with regional urban development requirements in the future - The master spatial planning of UA should ensure the systemic characteristic which contributes to sustainable urban planning towards agricultural ecology: It is systematic and strict spatial organizing of UA in urban spatial structure This planning of agricultural-related activities contributes to the developing of urban economy, improving of environment and creating of “place of soul” 3.3.2 General orientation on solutions for spatial organizing of UA in urban functional zones 18 - Renovating and upgrading the existing agricultural land space in urban structure: The orientation of urban agricultural spatial organizing is appropriate for sub-urban and peri-urban areas, creating a threshold for the process of urbanization, consistent with the topographical landscape of the sub-region and the region - Renovating and integrating of urban agricultural functions in urban functional spaces: This solution is implemented in residential space, central space, industrial space and greenery space 3.3.3 General orientation on solutions for spatial forming of UA with local identity: Based on the spatial aesthetics and spatial function elements in order to form spaces of which UA activities bearing the specific local identity in the city as follows: - Solution to create spatial axis of UA - landscape of city gateway: Because its function of landscape axis and gateway position of the city, spatial forming of UA is to establish a large-scale, horizontally spreading landscape adding suitable aesthetic value for open space - Solution to create urban agricultural fields on both sides of rivers and canals - open space: Spatial forming on the basic of natural landscapes with existing water surfaces and greenery has made urban agriculture image on the two shores become a very typical spatial morphology for urban areas in the MD - Solution to create urban agricultural gardens in residential areas: Spatial forming of urban agricultural garden is based on public space in the residential area with meeting and entertaining function Therefore, the image of the urban agricultural activity space is bearing agricultural culture for the residential area - Solution to create urban agricultural squares and parks: Spatial forming of urban agricultural activities space is in harmony with the 19 overall square or park in the urban central space and with functional activities in order to create attractiveness, uniqueness when urban agricultural elements appear as an agricultural ecological landscape - Solution of forming high-rise urban agricultural buildings: Spatial forming of UA in high-rise buildings is to exploit spatial layers towards impressive symbolic value of modern agricultural culture 3.4 Proposing appropriate spatial models of UA in the MD 3.4.1 Model for urban overall space: There are the model of urban agricultural fields on the both banks of rivers, canals and model of the urban spatial landscape axis These two models contribute to the building of a large-scale centralized landscape with characteristics for urban areas 3.4.2 Model for residential space: It consists of models such as cottage gardens, home garden gardens, and urban agricultural landscapes in high-rise buildings in residential areas Most of the construction works in the residential area have ability to combine urban agricultural activities through functional spaces, including building space, roof or apartment space 3.4.3 Model for central space: They are spatial models of urban agricultural park square, high-rise building including specialised UA buildings integrated with urban agricultural landscape This models of UA in the central area is able to construct a new image of the ecological high-rise building by agricultural landscape as well as to create symbolic spaces for urban areas 3.4.4 Model for industrial space: It is a model of urban agricultural landscape space in a factory This has created a new image of urban agricultural landscape for factories and buildings as friendly feeling of the productive environment of UA for workers Urban agricultural 20 green plants replacing for isolated green trees not only establish the landscape that brings a sense of environmental friendliness but also produce economic value 3.4.5 Model for urban green space: Model of urban agricultural space for urban green space: It is a model of urban agricultural park with a large and concentrated green area and a highlight of green space for urban areas It can be said that the urban agricultural street combined with the surrounding landscape has brought a very diverse space image for urban space 3.4.6 Model for existing farmland in urban structure: The models with large-scale centralized spatial characteristics are proposed as: urban ecological farms, urban organic farms, urban high-tech farm In addition, it is possible to form a multifunctional urban agroindustrial model combining many areas of UA 3.5 Application of research results: spatial forming of UA space towards the lotus space in Cao Lanh City, Dong Thap province "The most beautiful flower in Thap Muoi is Lotus, the most beautiful Vietnam named Uncle Ho", the verse suggested the application of research results of lotus spatial forming in urban space in Cao Lanh City, Dong Thap province 3.5.1 General planning orientation of Cao Lanh City to 2030, vision to 2050: This orientation is the basis for determining the development direction of UA for Cao Lanh city With this orientation, lotus is chosen as one of the key agricultural plants that contributes to development of Cao Lanh city towards agro-ecological urban with local identity 3.5.2 General viewpoints, objectives, principles of master planning – Lotus spatial organizing and forming in Cao Lanh City: The view 21 is lotus space in the Cao Lanh city has organic relationships with existing urban spaces which is in accordance with the master planning of the city The objective is to organize lotus space making Cao Lanh City becomes an ecological city with urban agricultural landscape in which lotus plays is a key role The principle is that lotus space organizing must assure the optimization of existing Cao Lanh space; the lotus and lotus space are organized in harmony with other functional spaces and adds new value for Cao Lanh city 3.5.3 General orientation for solutions of master planning – spatial organizing and forming solutions to create lotus space in Cao Lanh city The general orientation for the overall planning solution of lotus space is in harmony with urban structure, contributing to environmental improvement and creating city identity The general orientation for the organizing solution of lotus space is to apply the re-distribution technology to the existing farmland space, to apply integrated planning solutions to other existing functional spaces The general orientation for the forming solutions of lotus space with Cao Lanh’s identity is to implement aesthetic and functional elements in some typical spaces such as lotus fields on both sides of Cao Lanh river, landscape space fruit and lotus plant from urban center to Cao Lanh bridge, lotus park at Khong Tu lake in ward 1, lotus farm combining with fruit trees, on agricultural land of some communes in the city To sum up, the above illustrated examples show that the organizing of lotus space and other agricultural plants for Cao Lanh city is carried out on the scientific foundation of UA, pursuant to the theory of urban development having agricultural factors and the basic of status quo of urban space in Cao Lanh city 22 3.6 Discussing research results 3.6.1 Discussing the conditions for UA to become a new driving force for sustainable urban development: It is the organizing of UA that needs to adopt urban planning tools Thereby it facilitates UA to add value for urban in accordance with the trend of the era 3.6.2 Discussing the integration of UA activities in functional spaces to create new images towards urban areas bearing the local agricultural ecological identity: - Integrating towards multi-color green urban space: The integration of green space factors and natural elements in urban space contributes to significantly enhancing the quality of life - Integrating the direction to the green urban economy: A leading role of agricultural economy facilitates green urban economic development integrating with agricultural services trend that has not only created economic value but also minimized environmental risks - Integration towards green urban infrastructure: The most retention of natural status and the combination of agricultural activities create the foundation for functional spaces in urban areas to operate efficiently but still environmentally friendly and green 3.6.3 Discussing following studies to spatial organizing of UA in urban planning in MD from theory to reality: The urban planning law in Vietnam is still much constrained, so the solutions of master planning, spatial organizing and forming still depends on many other urban factors For this reasons, further studies such as standards and regulations UA in urban planning as well as issues of planting trees, raising animal to match with urban environment, whoever cultivates, cares, harvests, and manages the production environment, food safety etc…need to study professionally to come up with actual solutions 23 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS I Conclusion Through the picture of UA in the world today, UA is increasingly asserting its role in urban space The value system of urban agriculture to renew urban space proves that the development trends of UA take place inevitably on a global scale In terms of urban development planning and climate change, the status quo of agriculture in Vietnam urban areas, especially the MD urban area is necessary for organizing of UA towards sustainable urban planning The systematic, multidisciplinary approach and research method appropriate to the field of urban development planning helped identify scientific foundations that reflect the theories, scientific perspectives of UA in the context of the MD in which urban space plays an important role in facilitating for agricultural development Besides, international and domestic lessons on urban agricultural development also have significant reference meaning General orientation for solutions in master planning – spatial organizing and forming of UA is considered the most important content of the thesis These orientations fully reflect the viewpoints and principles set out and are consistent with the objectives of the thesis That is the MD urban area that has developed sustainably towards ecology with local identity Research results show that UA in general, spatial organizing of UA in particular, is one of the inevitable trends of sustainable urban construction planning activities Therefore, the author discussed and clarified how to integrate urban agricultural activities in urban space and conditions for UA to become a new driving force for sustainable urban development in the ecological local identity 24 II Recommendations For local authorities in the MD region: The research results show that the urgent need for sustainable urban development planning, the demand for organic food and ecological agricultural products is increasingly an essential requirement Therefore, it is necessary to organize experiments in a number of potential localities in the region in order to have an overview of UA in which testing the proposed solutions of spatial organizing of UA in the urban space For state management agencies: In current economic structure of MD, most urban areas sustain agricultural production but not yet planned from an urban development perspective Thus, to legally recognize and develop UA, should need further research to develop normative norms and recommendation for urban agricultural activities Especially the quality of agricultural space in the urban structure should be updated with UA criteria for urban ranking For training institutions: In order to enhance the role of urban spatial planning and design tools to support effective urban agriculture, a theoretical framework for urban agriculture should be developed according to international standards and seeking ways governance, applied in accordance with local practices Therefore, practical activities and knowledge of UA should be organized, developed and implemented at the university level in Vietnam Recommend the further research topics: Proposing to urban authorities to organize more intensive seminars on UA suitable to urban area and agricultural region throughout the country On that basic, valuable research projects on UA should be recommended for the sustainable urban development harmonizing with local identity in urban system of the MD region as well as Vietnam in the future./ LIST OF PUBLISHED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ARTICLES RELATED TO THE TOPIC Truong Quoc Su (2011), Discussing the issue of new urban development in some provinces in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Journal of Construction - Ministry of Construction, No.8/2011 Truong Quoc Su (2018), Trends on the development of urban agricultural in the world - Lessons and opportunities for ecological urban development bearing modern agricultural identity in Vietnam, Vietnam Journal of Construction - Ministry of Construction, No.5/2018 Truong Quoc Su (2018), Urban agricultural projects - eco high-rise architecture in modern urban space, Vietnam Journal of Construction - Ministry of Construction, No.7/2018 Participated in scientific research topics “From researching to building of the university training program towards experimental applications”, in 5/2012 Participated in scientific research topics: “Strategic orientation of urban spatial development of District 5, HoChiMinh City”, in 5/2015 ... Assoc.Prof.PhD DAM THU TRANG Third reviewer: Assoc.Prof.PhD PHAM ANH DUNG The thesis will be defended before the School-level Committee at: UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE HO CHI MINH CITY At hour day... of orchards in My Khanh (Can Tho) has not only organized entertainment activities but it also creates a relaxing space in the form of a gardening house Orchards in the Vinh Long city has organized... research results of lotus spatial forming in urban space in Cao Lanh City, Dong Thap province 3.5.1 General planning orientation of Cao Lanh City to 2030, vision to 2050: This orientation is the basis