Ap luc dat va tuong chan dat - Phan Truong Phiet

PHAN TRUONG PHI~T sT 8!A KTTHUAT GIAo SV TIEN , " -\It\ - , PHAN TRUONG PHI~T GIAo SU TIEN si 8!A Ki THUAT Ap 1m: dit vA mno chan dat NHA XUAT BAN xAv DlING HA NOI- 2001 LO'INOIDAU Tinh toan ap l~fC adt va tuong chein actt la m(Jt nhung win a~ Ion clla aja kr thl.l(lt Trang Illnfflg ndm gdn atiy, Ii thuye't v~ ap lu'c ati't au9'c ph(/f trir!'n va haem chinh them thea ba huong chinh: Haem chinh cach giai thea li thuylt cdn bling glol h~n cho nhifng so d6 tuong chein thuong g(fp th(-t'c tit nluJm li;lp au9'c h~ tholzg bang bie"u ti~n dung hocJc l(lp aU'(Yc chuang trinh tinh todll bdng mdy fillh al~n tiro Ung dung If thllye't phtin nzanh (thoi) va v(ln d~tng phep phtin tfch hf thong ae" gidnz b(ic sieu ([nl! nia bcli todn dc;ing nang cao hi~u qua phep tfnh tren mdy t{/lh dl~n lir Hoan chinh If thuylt ap ll:fc at!'t Coulomb cho ad't ddp thu9C IO~li attt d{nh hocJc a{tt co co't va gieil chfnh xac cho cdc truong h9'P phuc t(lP v~ hmg tuong, mcJt adt aeip vd tal tr9ng ngodl Ke't qua a~t aU'l/c thea ba huang nell tren cang khcing djnh tinh uu vl~t aia if tlzuye't dp ll:fc aeft nia Coulomb /Jl~1c du kh6'i aie'm xuctt la x([ xua nhti't (1776) Sai so'tinh toan tru6'ng It9'P tinlt Lip lW ar{t chlt d9ng la khong dang ke' nhung trang truong h9'P dp ll!c ati't bi a9ng voi tuong iLmg nhdnz (co Q,3 cao (:te lam tlTang chdn dat be tong D€ giam bOl kh6i luqng tlTang chUn b~ng be tOng c6 the lam them trv chong Dli ng 10;;1i llIang c6 be gi3m Lai dc;tt & khoiing 114 chieu cao lLIang wang c6 il1l1g nghieng v~ phfa Oal dap cOng tiet ki~m dLIQ'C be tong TLIang chi'in bhng da xay can it xi mang han llYC'1ng M tong, co th~ hoan thai gian wang do.i ngan va to Cht."TC thi cong dan gian Ncri san da, dung wang da x~y thuang c6 hi~u qua kinh te cao Doi vai ll!ang chAn cua cong trlnh thuy cong dung da xay c6 s6 hi~u til 200 tr& len, vo-a xi rnang pudaJnn c6 s6 hieu da xay thl!(]ng lam thang du-ng lu 50 lra len Ll11lg tl!()ng ho~c nhieu b~c cap Truang hqp san dj Vl,ln ho;;ic U{l nhc thi nen lhay ILIang dft X£IY bang wang be tong da hOc TLIong g~ch xay khong cao qu a 3-4m thl nen dung iOi;li c6 trt) ch6ng TLTang g~ch cap thLIang dLIQ'c dung cho nhO'ng c6ng lrlnh nhc> duai dat D6i v&i cae IO/ili llIang chAn 10 thien chiu tac dl,lIlg tn!c tiep cua mLTa nAng va cac luang chan cua cae cong tdnh thuy cong kbong nen dung g;;tch xt\y G~ch xay tU'ang chan c6 xfty cher nh~t ho~c ILIng b~c so hi~u khong nen nho han 200 va vua xay tt! 25 Ira len khOng dl1Q'c dung 10C;li g/ilch silicar Tttang chan delt lo~i cao va lrung binh xay & vuog dOng dat nen bang be long cot thep 11 p a2 la ap ll)'c dat laC dt,lng ph~Hn vi ng~p nl1ac ngam: I p a2 = '2(PJI + PaV' (H - zn) XVlII- 2-7 vai XVIII-2-8 PaZ = (Ybh Trong -yJ (H - zJ Ka Yw Yhh - la lfQng 111Q'ng dan vj cua dat dan vj ella nuae Ap XVIII-2-9 a If?ng thai iim va baD hoa; Yn la tn;mg lUQ'og ll!e mrac mrac ngam rfnh theo cbng thue: ') Pn = - Yn (H - zn)- Sa h!c tac dt,lng len tucmg mang (fang tru6'ng hQ'p dal rcri va co nuac ngAm dUQ'c tdoh bay & hinh xvrn-2-3 A r - A' /' /' Hill" XV/Il-2-3: SO'd6 l!fc ta e d~iI1g Len lucmg mang db} veri def, Y&i va co nu6c ngdm III TfNH ToAN ONDINA CUA THAl H HAo CH6NG DO BANG BUN BENTONIT Nguyen Ii tinh t03n Chap nh~n ap h,rc dar len llIong mang la ap ll,l"c dar chll dong lLrC chap nh~n [r~ng chu dong cua dar [hanh hEIO Trong mrcmg hQ'p mot m~l tnrqt coi 1.1 phang Be dl1Q'C hlnh va t Pa thay the vi tri clla Pa trang sa d6 lI,Ie (hi khoi dat ABC kh6ng lr(,lng thai can bang gioi hc,ln I1Iia rna t[(,lng thai can bang ben voi mot h~ s6 an to~n 6n djnh phl,l thu¢e dO Ian eua Pb so v6i Pa a a Tru6'ng hQ'p h~\O dao lrang dat cat de thoat nLToe thl c = va cp = cp' (