Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ Câu Tường Thuật (Reported Speech) Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta cần thay đổi yếu tố: - I Đại từ, tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu… Trạng ngữ thời gian Trạng ngữ nơi chốn Thì động từ THAY ĐỔI ĐẠI TỪ “I love you”, Peter said to Mary “John stole my money”, Danny said “They are always very kind to me”, Kate said II THAY ĐỔI TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ THỜI GIAN Direct Speech today now (one week) ago last (week) yesterday next (year) tomorrow Reported Speech that day then (one week) before (the week) before, the previous (week) the day before, the previous day the following (year), the next (year) the following day, the next day “I lended Noreen my skirt yesterday”, said Linda “We will meet our new teachers today”, they said “I will travel to the US next month”, Mike said Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ III THAY ĐỔI TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ NƠI CHỐN Direct Speech Here This These Reported Speech There That Those “I will put the bag here when I arrive”, said Clara “This book is too expensive for me”, Brennan said “We made these cakes last week”, Glenda and Haleigh said IV THAY ĐỔI THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ Quy tắc: Lùi thời gian trước, Lùi cách thức sau Hiện _ Đơn _ Tiếp diễn _ Direct Speech Reported Speech Hiện đơn Hiện tiếp diễn Hiện hoàn thành đơn Hiện hoàn thành tiếp diễn Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành đơn Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Tương lai (will) Can May Should Must Đôi dạng modal verbs + V lùi thành modal verbs + have Vpp, đặc biệt trường hợp giả định, không chắn có thật LƯU Ý: Các trường hợp khơng lùi thì: Khi động từ tường thuật chia She says, “The bus leaves at 5pm” Khi nội dung tường thuật thật tính thời điểm tường thuật She said, “The sky is blue” She said, “I work in Korea” Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ Examples: “I have been waiting for you for ages”, Peter said to Mary “Kate was cooking dinner when I came”, Danny said “She will call you when she arrives”, the manager said “It must be awful to live in such a noisy place”, said George “My sister’s going to get married next year”, Joan said V TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU KỂ Phân biệt: say to somebody that tell somebody that VI TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU HỎI Câu hỏi gián tiếp KHƠNG CĨ TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ, KHÔNG ĐẢO NGỮ Các từ để hỏi: ask, want to know, wonder Hỏi YES/NO Dùng IF/WHETHER “Do you like working in teams?”, Peter asked me Peter asked me _ “Did you enjoy the party?”, Danny asked Peter Danny wanted to know _ Hỏi WH-word “What time does the train leave?”, Peter asked me Peter asked me _ “Why were you crying yesterday?”, Danny asked Peter Danny wondered _ VII TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU YÊU CẦU Các từ để yêu cầu câu gián tiếp: ask/tell somebody (not) to something “Sit down and stop interrupting!”, said the teacher to the students “You must not enter the area.”, the police said to me NGỒI RA, có từ như: order, request, advise, encourage, warn, promise, suggest, urge, exclaim, thank, admit, deny, …tùy thuộc vào ngữ cảnh câu Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ TỔNG HỢP statement question command direct indirect reported clause ‘I’m tired,’ I said I told them (that) I was tired that-clause ‘Are you ready?’ the nurse The nurse asked Joel if/whether he if/whether- asked Joel was ready clause ‘Who are you?’ she asked She asked me who I was wh-clause ‘Leave at once!’ they They ordered us to leave at once ordered to-infinitive clause LUYỆN TẬP 1 Julia said that she _ there at noon A is going to be B was going to be C will be D can be C said me D says to me He _ that he was leaving way that afternoon A told me B told to me She said to me that she to me the Sunday before A wrote B has written C was writing D had written C advised D recommended C to plant D planting I _ him to sell that old motorbike A said to B suggested My parents reminded me the flowers A remember to plant B plant I asked Martha to enter law school A are you planning B whether is she planning C was she planning D if she was planning Nam wanted to know what time A does the movie begin B did the movie begin C the movie begins D the movie began C was I doing D am I doing I wondered _ the right thing A whether I was doing B if I am doing The scientist said the earth the sun Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ A goes round B is going around C went around D was going around 10 Peter said that if he rich, he _ a lot A is – will travel B were - would travel C had been – would have travelled D was – will travel 11 They said that they had been driving through the desert A the previous day B yesterday C the last day D Sunday previously C don’t make D if they don’t make 12 He asked the children _too much noise A not to make B not making 13 The man said that money _ the passport to everything A will be B is C was D can be 14 The teacher said Columbus _America in 1942 A discovered B had discovered C was discovering D would discover 15 John said he _ her since they school A hasn’t met – left B hadn’t met – had left C hadn’t met left D didn’t meet – left C if the children can D could the children 16 The woman asked get lunch at school A can the children B if the children could 17 Laura said that when she _ to school, she saw an accident A was walking B has walked C had been walking D has been walking 18 He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?” – He asked why the final exam A she took B did she take C she hadn’t taken D she had taken 19 Ba said he some good marks the semester before A gets B got C had gotten D have got 20 They told their parents that they _ their best to the test A try B will try C are trying D would try C to come D came 21 She asked me where I _ from A come B coming 22 She _ me whether I liked classical music or not A ask B asks C asked D asking 23 He asked me who the editor of that book A was B were C is 24 He wants to know whether I _ back tomorrow D has been Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ A come B came C will come D would come C didn’t D hasn’t C I have D have I C in this place D where 25 I wonder why he _ love his family A doesn’t B don’t 26 They asked me how many children _ A if I had B had I 27 Thu said she had been _ the day before A here B there 28 The student said that the English test _ the most difficult A is B was C will be D have been 29 He wanted to know _ shopping during the previous morning A if we had been going B that if we had been going C we were going D that we were going 30 He asked me _ Robert and I said I did not know _ A that did I know / who were he B that I knew / who he had been C if I knew/ who he was D whether I knew / who had he been 31 The mother asked her son _ A where he had been B whether I had been C where has he been D where had he been C how was my father D how my father was C did he prefer D if he prefers 32 Martin asked me _ A how is my father B how my father is 33 The host asked Peter _ tea or coffee A whether he preferred B that he preferred 34 She asked me _ my holidays _ A where I spent / the previous year B where I had spent/ the previous year C where I spent / last year D where did I spend / last year 35 He advised _ too far A her did not go B her not go C her not to go D she did not go 36 John often says he _ boxing because it _ a cruel sport A doesn’t like/ is B did not like / were C not liked / had been D had not liked / was 37 Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer _ A before B ago 38 He asked _ him some money C last D previous Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ A her to lend B she to lend C she has lent D she lends 39 Andrew told me that they _ fish two _ days A have not eaten / ago B had eaten/ previous C did not eat / before D would not eat / last 40 Jason told me that he _ his best in the exam the _ day A had done / following B will / previous C would do/ following D was going / previous 41 John asked me _ in English A what does this word mean B what that word means C what did this word mean D what that word meant 42 The mother told her son _ so impolitely A not behave B not to behave C not behaving D did not behave C must D had C were D have been C had been D would be 43 She said she _ collect it for me after work A would B did 44 She said I _ an angel A am B was 45 I have ever told you he _ unreliable A is B were 46 I told him _ the word to Jane somehow that I _ to reach her during the early hours A passing / will try B he will pass / tried C to pass/ would try D he pass/have tried 47 Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _ A yesterday B two days ago C the day before D the next day 48 John asked me _ interested in any kind of sports A if I were B if were I C if was I D if I was C if I had seen D if had I seen C he had to go now D he had to go then 49 John asked me _ that film the night before A that I saw B had I seen 50 The guest told the host that _ A I must go now B he must go now Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ LUYỆN TẬP “Please bring me some fish soup,” he said to the waitress A He asked the waitress bring him some fish soup B He asked the waitress to bring her some fish soup C He asked the waitress to bring him some fish soup D He asked the waitress bring her some fish soup I said to Nick: “Where are you going?” A I asked Nick where was he going B I asked Nick where he was going C I asked Nick where is he going D I asked Nick where he is going “You’d better apologise for being late,” said my mother A My mother advised me to apologise for being late B My mother suggested me to apologise for being late C My mother suggested apologising for being late D My mother warned me to apologise for being late “Don’t open your books,” the teacher said to the pupils A The teacher told the pupils to not open their books B The teacher told the pupils did not open their books C The teacher told the pupils not open their books D The teacher told the pupils not to open their books He said, “My wife has just bought a diamond ring.” A He said that his wife had just bought a diamond ring B He said that my wife had just bought a diamond ring C He said that his wife has just bought a diamond ring D he said that his wife just bought a diamond ring “I will come with you as soon as I am ready”, she said to Philip A She said to Philip he will come to see you as soon as he I am ready B She told Philip she will come to see her as soon as she was ready C She told Philip she would come to see you as soon as she was ready D She told Philip she would come to see him as soon as she was ready “I wrote to him yesterday” A She said to me I wrote to him the day before B She told me she wrote to him yesterday C She told me she had written to him yesterday D She told me she had written to him the day before “He is talking to your sister”, She said to me A She told me he was talking to your sister B She told me she was talking to my sister C She told me he was talking to my sister D She told me he was talking to her sister Miss White said to him, “ Why are you so late? Did your car have a flat fire?” A Miss White told him why was he so late and did your car have a flat fire B Miss White asked him why was he so late and did your car have a flat fire C Miss White asked him why was he so late and if your car have a flat fire Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ D Miss White asked him why he was so late and whether his car had a flat fire 10 He said "If I had enough money, I could buy that dictionary." A He said if he had enough money, he could buy that dictionary B He said if he had had enough money, he could buy that dictionary C He said if he had enough money, he could have bought that dictionary D He said if he had had enough money, he could have bought that dictionary 11 Tom: “ Why don’t you study hard for the coming exam, Ba” A Tom advised me not to study hard for the coming exam B Tom advised me to study hard for the coming exam C Tom advised Ba not to study hard for the coming exam D Tom advised Ba to study hard for the coming exam 12 “I’ll tell you about this tomorrow, Mary.” said Tom A Tom said to Mary that he will tell her about that the next day B Tom told Mary that I would tell you about that the next day C Tom told Mary that he would tell her about that the next day D Tom told Mary that she would tell him about that the next day 13 “I have something to tell you” Kerry said to Cheryl A Kerry told Cheryl I had something to tell her B Kerry told Chery he had something to tell her C Kerry told Cheryl she had had something to tell him D Kerry told Cheryl he had had something to tell her 14 He said, “My wife has just bought a diamond ring.” A He said that his wife had just bought a diamond ring B He said that my wife had just bought a diamond ring C He said that his wife has just bought a diamond ring D he said that his wife just bought a diamond ring 15 “I will come with you as soon as I am ready”, she said to Philip A She said to Philip he will come to see you as soon as he I am ready B She told Philip she will come to see her as soon as she was ready C She told Philip she would come to see you as soon as she was ready D She told Philip she would come to see him as soon as she was ready 16 “I wrote to him yesterday” A She said to me I wrote to him the day before B She told me she wrote to him yesterday C She told me she had written to him yesterday D She told me she had written to him the day before 17 “He is talking to your sister”, She said to me Học viện Đào tạo eTOWN Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/hocviendaotaoetown/ A She told me he was talking to your sister B She told me she was talking to my sister C She told me he was talking to my sister D She told me he was talking to her sister 18 “It is the time to check what you have done”, the father said to the boys A The father said to the boys it was time to check what they have done B The father told the boys it was time to check what they had done C The father told the boys it was time to check what they have done D The father told the boys it is time to check what they had done 19 “You will like my sister when you meet her” A He told me you will like her sister when you meet her B He told me I will like his sister when I met her C He told me I would like his sister when I met her D He told me I would be liked his sister when I met her 20 “I didn’t meet Susan last week” A He said he didn’t meet Susan the week before B He said he hasn’t met Susan last week C He said he hadn’t met Susan last week D He said he hadn’t met Susan the week before 21 “I didn’t break your watch” A The boy told the girl he hadn’t broken her watch B The boy asked the girl he hadn’t broken her watch C The boy told the girl he didn’t break her watch D The boy told the girl he hadn’t broken your watch 22 “I found a lot of mistakes in your plan” Catherine said to Kevin A Catherine told Kevin she found a lot of mistakes in his plan B Catherine told Kevin she has found a lot of mistakes in his plan C Catherine told Kevin she had found a lot of mistakes in his plan D Catherine told Kevin she had found a lot of mistakes in her plan 23 “I have just seen your mother this morning” A Laura told Lewis I have just seen your mother this morning B Laura told Lewis she had just seen his mother that morning C Laura told Lewis she has just seen his mother that morning D Laura told Lewis he had just seen her mother that morning 24 “We are ready to come with our friends” A They told us they are ready to come with their friends B They told us they were ready to come with our friends C They told us we were ready to come with our friends D They told us they were ready to come with their friends ... V TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU KỂ Phân biệt: say to somebody that tell somebody that VI TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU HỎI Câu hỏi gián tiếp KHƠNG CĨ TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ, KHƠNG ĐẢO NGỮ Các từ để... _ Đơn _ Tiếp diễn _ Direct Speech Reported Speech Hiện đơn Hiện tiếp diễn Hiện hoàn thành đơn Hiện hoàn thành tiếp diễn Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn... asked Peter Danny wondered _ VII TƯỜNG THUẬT CÂU YÊU CẦU Các từ để yêu cầu câu gián tiếp: ask/tell somebody (not) to something “Sit down and stop interrupting!”,