14thiet-ke-va-su-dung-nhung-cong-cu-thu-thap-ket-qua-hoc-tap-cua-hoc-sinh-trong-danh-gia-bang-nhan-xet-o-truong-tieu-hoc

IHln HI vA 8ft DUNG IUU mAp KD DuA HOC lAP CUA HOC SINH NHONG CONG CU TRONG DANH GIA BANG NIlAN xET TRUONG o ong aanh gla (DG) k6t qua hec IQp (KQHn cuo hQCsinh (HS) hl~n nay, khau KT, DG chQm oal mal Hoot oQng KT, DG thoong bQc IQ mQt s6 hQn ch6 nhe: nQI dung DG thl6u tinh toan dl~n, cong cu oanh gla (CCDG) khong g6p ph6n tQO ro Slf phon 10QI tich ClfCHS, vl~c DG khong kip thai giup HS slio chao nhang sal phorn rna cec em mOc phol, vl~c sli dvng k6t qud DG hen ch6, Trong DG bOng nhQn xet a tl6u hQc hl~n nay, mQtkh6 khan Ian 10glao vlen (GV) chtJOc6 cac cong cv c6 th6 sli dvng 06 thu thQp ch6ng c6 lam co sO cho vl~c ro quy6t oinh DG Chinh vi th6, nhang tJU vl~t cuo DG bOng nhQn xet chtJo otJqc GV col trQng va nhQn oinh oung C6ng ell aanh gla CCDG 10cac phoong tl~n Ol1Qcsli dVng su6t qua trinh dQy va hQCnhom dQt Ol1Qccac mvc orch DG Trnhnang co bon cuo CCDG 10thu thQPth6ng tin 06 cung cap cho GV va HS qua trinh DG va hi DG Theo Gronlund (1998) va linn & Gronlund (1995), cong cv oUQCslidVng d6 luOngva DG glao dvc it nhat phdl dam boo cac ~u cau sou: - C6 coe khal nl~m ro rang v~ k6t qua hQCtQp dlf otnh DG; - CCDG phdl aap 6ng oUQCmvc Heu ~ ro; - Sli dvng c6c IOQICCDG kh6c nhou 06 IOQItn1 nhUQC016mcuo tlmg dQng th6c 06; - C6c CCDG phol phu hqp v6i coe k6t qua hQCtQp dlf o!nh 00 luOng, v6i c6c thong Hnd" otnh phon hal v6i HS; - C6 56ltJQng cau hOi, bel t¢p thich hqp di DG day ou va chinh x6c nh¢n th6c cuo HS; - Quy trinh DG phdl cOngbOng v6i nlQi HS; - C6 c6c tieu chi cv th6 06 phon tich, Ii giol cae k6t qud dQtoUQCeUe HS; - C6 thong Hnphon hal eho HS, nhein mQnh nhang 016mmQnhe6n phat huy va nhang oigm y6u c6n khoc phvc Thong Hnphdn hai ean nhonh ch6ng, cv th6, chi ro nhang cMm mQnhva oi6m y6u, cach th6c khoc phve, c6 thl~n chi ghJp HS; - K6t qua luOng phdl h~ trq 11m HOC ThS.f)INH TH! NGAN THLJONG" cho vi~ DG (d61v6i nguOihQC)va h~ trq h~ th6ng boo coo cuo nha truOng Cdc IOQIe6ng ell aanh gla CCOO KQHT bOng nhQn xet a ti6u hoc hl~n c6 th6 10 nhang phllu bal tgp, phllu thl/C hanh, phllu tv 00,,, 06 GV va HS cung thorn glo thu th¢p thong tin v~ ch6ng c6 trch hoc t¢p cuo ngool hQC.Toong 6ng val nhOng phtJong phap DG khac nhou, GV va HS c6 thg sli dvng nhOng CCDG oQc trtJng 06 ghl IQI KQHT va ren luy~n cuo ngool hQc.Cac phoong phap DG boo gam: - Quon sat (Cong cv: phl6u kl6m ke: cho HS, cho GV, cho ghl chep nhang s" vl~ thuOng nhQt;Thong x6p hQng:thong 56,thong d6 hQO,,,.; Thllc hi~n: GV, HS, bQn hQC;- van clap (Cong cv: Phl6u kl6m ke, Phl6uTNKQ, Thong x6p hQng ThlfChl~n: GV, HS, bQnhQC);- Tr&ngh/~m(Cong cv: sal TNKQ, Bal troc nghl~m hi lu¢n k6t hqp val TNKQ, sal trOc nghl~m hi lu¢n hQn eh6, sal troc nghl~m hi lu¢n rna rQng.Th"c hl~n: GV, HS); - Thl/chanh (Cong cv: Ph,'u th"c hanh hQnch6, Phl6u thlfc hanh rna rQng Th"c hl~n: GV, HS, bQn hQc); - Tv DG (Cong cv: Ph,'u tro 101ngOn, Thong x6p hQng, Phl6u kl6m ke Th"c hl~n: HS); - 00 cl6ng clang (C6ng cv: PhI6u tro lot ngOn, Thong x6p hQng, Phl6u ki&n ke ThlfC hl~: bQn hQC);- Ph6i hgp 00 cuo glo cJinh/OOcuo phil huynh HS (Coog cv: Phl6utro lot ngOn,Thong x6p hQng, Phl6u kl&n ke ThlfChl~: PhI,'huynh HS) Cae booe thli't kA' eoog ell, boo gam: 7} Xac cl!nhnhgn xet, cl61chl6u vel chudn lelln thVc,leTnang rna HS phdl dQt Ol1QC6ng val nh¢n xet ; 06 tV 06 xac olnh nQIdung c6n DG; 2} Lva ch9n cong CII cli DO (vl~ 1110ehQnCCOO phal d"o tren vl~ tro 101nhang eau hoi sou: + Thu th¢p thOngtin gi?; + Thuth9P thoog Hn06 a dau?; + Thu thQP nao?; + Alia ngool thu th¢p?) Ben cQnh oay, vi~ IlfO chQn cong cv c6n chu y ._ -. ~ T,p chi GlaD duc so 287 (ki • 6/2012) ~ 1: - X6e ajnh nhQn xet 7: Bi6t OU'QcSll xem xet IOQicong cy nao 10 hl~u qua nhat dQng va phong phu cue thllC vQt ; chvc nang cue vl~ thu thQP ch(mg oa olnh; c6n tQOnen sll dQng, hap dan cue cdc CCOO o~ tranh Sll ri, than, la, hoo, qua 06i vol aal s6ng cue cOy cv nham chan cue HS; c6n ph61 hqp cdc cong cy va Iql Ich cua bQ phQn 00 O6i voi ooi sang cue nee o~ thu oU'Qcthong tin oang tin cQY nhat; ngool; - D6i chl6u vol chueinkl6n thvc kTnang 3) Xay dvng cong CI,I thee yeu cdu c/d xac c/jnh; oQt oU'Qc,co th~ xec olnh nQIdung can DG g5m 4) Thvc ngh/~m, kldm chvng cong CI,I c/d c/ugc chlfng Clf sou: + ChU'ng cv 1: K~ h) 3-5 cOy thitt k6,.5) £)/~uchinh, Iva chc;mva c/va vao ngan thon g6, thon thoo va neu cong dyng cue nh\ing thon cOy00; + Chvng cv 2: K~ h) 2·3 1001coy co hang dii II~u00 Vi dl,l: Ap dyng quy trinh oa OU'Qcthl6t k6 ri CQC,ri chum, ri phy hoQc 1001cOyco rl dung a tren vao xoy dllng CCDG cho nhQn xet lam thvc on, lam thu6c; + ChVng cv 3: phon IOQI Ol1qcmQtsala cOy, hoo, qua thee mau sac hoQc (TN&XH 3) Cy th~ nhl1 sou: hlnh dQng, krch thlJ6c hoQc gla trj sli dyng BOng C6ng ell eho ehVng ev HQ v~ t~n: • Hay I1i6n vao chO chAm cay c6 cling lo~i vCJicay I1a cho Sau 116 n6i tim cay (oot Bl vCJi Io~i than (C¢t A) va k1i ich tlJClnQling (c¢t C) A.L~lthAn ThAngO 8· nn ely PhUQng vi ThAnthSo CAyth6ng, C • Lqllch cua thin ely Lilm th(lc An LAYnh\la Blng6, Bang C6ng ell eho ehVng ev HQva t~n: PHI~UTHVC HANH • Hay xac I1inh va ghi t~n.lQi ich clia cay vao chO ( ) va dung dAu (v) '" ~nh dAu Ioai r6 tutmQ Un vCJitUng cav TT ~A T6ncA RAchUm RACQC RAphl,l RAcU LQIich cUecAy coo Bang C6ng ell ehVng ev (M6u phldu quan sat va M6u phliu tv DG) Mlu phliu qu Ht· Nt$! xet~ bOSlAJ ~p cue: • Oicmingtmdlholnlhlr/l (~tbJtbhmg) ~sw*, ~'U, hoB, ~ v; khB flingphIn ~ ale tnmh 8nh Ihu ~ dl1l/C: I I ru;Jc TOt RAtt6t • V; cSch {XII lin: £lAyducAe tiM ChuadAydu bI' sw I~: ChuadlJ;1C COOsai • V; ~ Ivr;tnghim RAtnhiAu NhiAu · v; cSch trinh My: Binh ItlJOng it T T Chua~t HApdin RAthAp din &.It NfI4n XIII chung: T.n: Miu phliu tl! £)G (Checklist) Hay xem 1,1 b~ suu t~p cUa em vlll dllmh diu (x) vlllo muc d~ mill minh d;!! !hllC hi.n: Chll8 Rit Mucd~ TOt TT tOt tOt ClIc U.u chi £)G , ~ £lAy du cAc chu dA (Ill, hoa, Qual ClIch aoit.n ClIch lrinh bay (sach deo) ClIch pMn loel cllc mAu thu tMp Tich CllC trona thu tMp mAu 82: Lva eh9n eong ell ad 00: - £)61vol chvng Clf 1: NQI dung yeu cau dllQ'c 00 10«k6 ten va neu cong dyng cua cOy" Yeu cau thlen v~ h'nhVllC kl6n thvc NhlJ oa gl61 thi~u a tren, CCOO bang trac nghl~m to re thfch hqp nhat N~u sUod"ng CCOO bang quen sat hoQc bang thllc hanh thl chu y6u 00 OllQ'CkT nang hinh a HS Con vi~c sUodyng CCOO 05ng 06ng hoQc k~t hqp cac IllC IlJqng gloo dyc thi to kho thllc hl~n va khong co hl~u qua VI vQY,chung tol thu thQPchvng cv bang CCOO trac nghl~m (+ Die oi~m tl6n hanh: tQI lop; + thai gien ti6n hanh: hOQtoQng cung c6 kl~n thvc bal 41-Than cay; + Ngl10100: GV 00 vl~c HS thllC hi~n bal trac nghl~m) - £)61vol chvng ev 2: NQI dung yeu cau Ol1qc00 10«kho nang phon IOQiva xac olnh cac IOQIrl thee cau tQo hoQc thee cong dyng" Vol nQI dung 00 nay, GV khong chi 00 v~ mQtkl~n thvc rna 00 cac yeu c6u thien v~ kTnang phon IOQi Do 00, cong cy co th6 sUodyng hl~u qua 10: quan sat hoQc thllC hanh D6 tQo nen hvng thu hOQt oQng va giup HS khac sou bai hQc, thllc hanh voi cac mau vQt thQt 10phl1ang phop chl6m Iqi th~ VQY, chQn cong cy 00 thllc hanh (+ Die oi6m ti6n hanh: tQI lop; + Thai glen tl6n hanh: HOQtoQng phon IOQIrl cOy, bal 43: RI cay; + Ngool 00: GV, HS).- £)61vol ehvng ev 3: NQI dung yeu cau oU'Qc00 10 «ki nang phon IOQlla, hoo, qua" 00 bang thllC hanh oa olJqc sUodyng a chvng cv nen hQn ch~ sUodyng hlnh thvc nhQn xet D6 tranh nham chan va kfch thich hvng thu hQc tQP, glup HS tv tin voi san pheim cue mlnh lam re, chung tol sUo dyng phl1ang phap quen sat 06 00 san pheim: bQ SlTUtQP trenh, anh v~ «la, hoo, qua" Ben cQnh 00, 06 HS co th6 00 bQ SIJUtQPcue minh, T~'~P~C_hi_G_la_O_d~u_C_so_~_2_8_7_(_k_.1_._6_n_O 12) c6n co them cong cu hi OG (+ Dia di!m ti~n hanh: tQi lap; + Thai gian ti~n hanh: O"on dllQc thl/c hi~n khodng thai gian hcc bai 45 d~n bai 48 Thu thQp met Ilk co th!, trinh bay m6i ti~t hoc (sau hoet dQng tim hi!u v~: 10,hoa, qua); + Nglloi thl/c hi~n: GV va HS) 83: Xdy dvng eong ell thea yeu e6u ad xae aJnh Cong cv cho chUngcu-1, chUngcu-2, chUng cu-3 dU'Q'cxoy d"ng nhll sau (xem bang I, 2, 3) 84: Th"c nghl~m, kl~mchUngcong cv da aUQC thl6t k6 85: DI~u chinh, I"a chQn va alia vao ngan hang dii h~u 00 Cac bu6c su dyng cang cy Sau khl CCOG aU'Q'cxOy dlfn9, GV sUodvng theo cac bu6c sau (Vi dll sau khl xOyd"ng CCOO cho nh(m xet 7): 1: GV tim hl6u mllc tleu 00 cua rung chu-ng cu-va vl~ cv th~ h6a mvc tieu ao rung cong cv 00 NhQn XEd su dVng cac cong cv: phi6u trek nghl~m,phl~ thvc hanh hQnch~,phl~u quan sat va phi~u tv nhQnxet 84: Uiy Y kl6n phan h6i Trong qua trinh 00 theo xu huang nay, GV rat dU'Q'ckhuy~n khrch vl~ thu thQPthong tin tQich6 va di~u chinh kip thai nhiing thong tin thu thQPdllQc cua m6i HS tQi thai al!m Trong phcm vi cua mQtnhQnxet, vi~ leiy y ki~n phan hal cOng reit can thi~t Co th~ th"c hi~n glo ngOQlkh6a (hoQc gio sinh hoct lap), sau khl HS aa hoon mQtti~u chu a~ hQCtQPcua man TN&XH lop Ti6p xuc trlfc ti6p giiia GV va HS la ai~u kl~n thuQn Iql a~ hal ben th~ hl~n y kl6n rleng cua minh • •• 00 bang nhQnxet la mQthinh th6c 00 chu-a a'l"g tfnh nhan van sOusOc.Tuy nhlen GV sQp kho khan vl~ thu thQPchUng cu-a~ alia quy6t ainh v~ KQHT cua HS Nham glup GV tv tin vol qua trinh 00 bang nhQnxet cac man hQC6 tl~u hQc,GV can phal co nhiing hl~u blit nhata!nh v~ h~ thang c6c phuong phap, cac cong cv su-dvng qua trinh 00; bl6t cach xOyd'l"g cac cong cv cho phI) hqp vol mvc 82: Ti6n hanh thu thgp thong tin thong qua tleu, dl~u kl~n cv th~ va bl6t cach su-dvng chung cac cong CII 00 GV su-dVng cac phl~u 00 da qua trinh 00 k6t qua hQCtQP.Cac phuong allQc thi6t k6 a~ thu thQPthong tin vao nhiing phap va cong CI,I co th~ aU'Q'C su-dvng a~ 00 k6t tho! ai~m khac theo huang ddn da aU'Q'c qua hQc tQP cac man hQCgam: quan sat, vein thl~t k~ (xem ml,lc3) Phl6utrOcnghl~m aUQcth"c oop, trOc nghl~m, th"c hanh, tv 00, DG aang hl~n a h09t aQngcung ca klin thu-cbal41 «Than d&ng, 00 cua phv huynh Chung tOlaa a~ xueit cay, phl6u th"c hanh aUQcth"c hl~n h09t quy trlnh xOyd"ng va quy trinh sUodvng cong cv dQng phon 1091ri cOy bal 43 ôRĐ cay, phl6u cho mQtnhQnxet K6t qua th"c nghl~m ban aau quan satva phl~u tv nhQnxet aU'Q'cth"c hi~n sau tQl cac tru'Ongtl~u hQCDoon Th! DI~m (Ha NQI) khI HS tiin trinh bay san ph6m da sw tam tru6c va Tran Qu5c Todn (Tam Ky - Quang Nam) aa 16psau bal 48 «Qua" K~t qua cua h09t aQng khang d!nh tfnh kha thi cua chung Tuynhlen, aOy la GV thu aU'Q'ccac chu-ngcu-dl16l dQngcac chi la nhiing mdu vf dl,l glup GV tham khao va mdu phi~u eta aUQcdi~n th"c hl~n theo Sau khl xoy d'l"g aUQccac cong 83: T6ng hqp k6t qua thu avqc va ava cv cho m61nhQnxet, GV cOngco th~ Iw glii no quye'tainh (k6t luQn).Sau khl thu thQPchu-ngcu- lam mQtphan so glang dQYcua mlnh bang phl~u, GV ti6n hanh xu If thong tin tren va cOngco th~ ceit glii Iw bi KTcua HS cac chu-ng cu-thu thQp aU'Q'c:- Vol m61ch6ng CU-, n6u HS th"c hl~n dU'Q'c2/3 yeu cau thi co Tal li~u tham khao D\I' an pMt trien Giao dl,lc THCS, M~t sd vd'nd~ th~ cheip nhQn rang HS aa aQt aU'Q'cchu-ngcuchung v~ danh gia chd'tlZt{mggiao d(lc phd tMng, ao (chang hQnvol ch6ng c6 1, HS aa th"c hl~n H.2006 dU'Q'c2/3 yeu cau cua phl6u trOcnghl~m thi HS Geofrey Petty Dn h9C NXB Stanley ao da aQt aU'Q'c1 ch6ng cu-);- N6u HSaQtallQc Thomes, Vl.IUllgqu6c Anh, 2002 tat ca cac chu-ngcu-(ca chu-ngcu-trong nhQn James H McMillan Danh gi8 lap h9c NXB xet 7), thi HS ao aU'Q'caanh deiu (v) vao Giaod(lcPearson,Needham Heights, 200 s6 theo dol; - Ben cQnh ao, sau khl xU-If thong Hoang Thi Tuytt (chU bien) - Vo Thi Phl.lUllgAnh tin, GV djng phal chi allQc nhiing ai~u HS Danh gia k~t qua h9C t$p c1 tilu h9C NXB Giao da lam aU'Q'ccijng nhll nhiing di~u HS can ca d(lc,H 2006 ggng hoon thl~n (Xem tl6p trang 33) "P 287 _ ~ chi Siao dlJc so (kA • 6/2012) ~ nhou (co lap, nh6m, co nhem, chlnh kh60 hoQc chi T6 ch(rc t'! h9Ctrong coc trvang DHSPcan ngOQikhoc]: tn/ac h~tc6 sll hv6ng dlin cuo GV, c1l1gcti~n hcnh m9t coch chQtche, khoa hoc d~ sou d61a t'! rim luy~n theo nh6m hoQcco nhem hlnh NLTH cho ngllal hoc, dOp lrng yeu M(rc d9 giom sat cuo GV giam dan K~t hqp cau ngh~ nghi~p Cl nhi~u coch c10nhgio: donh gio cuo GV, c10nh glo c16ngdang, t'! c10nhglo (1) B¢ GD-DT Chu'n ngh~nghitp giao vi~ntrung + Kdt lugn GV tdng kdt nhOng n¢1dung co ban hoc (trung hec co sO-VI\ trung hec phd thOng.NXB bal hoc du61nhi~u hinh th(rc khoc nhou, c6 Dat hoc S"Lt pham, H 2008 th~yeu cau sv t6m tat k~tqua bai hoc du61dQng Tai Iitu tham khao so c1a,rna hinh, graph GV d6nh glo Hnhthan Nguy~n HO'ULam "M~ hlnh nling hlC giao hQ