KI^NTHffcl THier K€ vn sir DUNG NHUNG CONG CU THU THflP KCr QUA HOC TAP cun HOC SINH THONG DANH GIA B^NG NHAN XCT G B I N H THI NGAN THl/CfNG TrUofng OH Qudng Nam 1 Trong ddnh gid k i t qud hpc tdp cu[.]
KI^NTHffcl THier K€ sir DUNG NHUNG CONG CU THU THflP KCr QUA HOC TAP cun HOC SINH THONG DANH GIA B^NG NHAN XCT G B I N H T H I N G A N THl/CfNG TrUofng OH Qudng Nam T rong ddnh gid k i t qud hpc tdp cua hpc sinh hiin nay, khiu kiim tra, d l n h g i i edn chim ddi mdi Hoat ddng khiu kllm tra, ddnh gid thudng bpc Id mfit sd han ehe nhU: ndi dung ddnh g i i t h i i u tinh t o i n di^n, edng eu ddnh g i i khfing gdp phan tao sU phan loai tich cue hpc sinh, viec ddnh gid khdng kjp thdi giQp hpe sinh sQa chQa nhQng sai sdt m l ele em mdc p h l i , viee sCf dung k i t qua ddnh gid cdn han ehe Trong ddnh gia bdng nhdn x i t d t i i u hpc hiin nay, mfit khd khin Idn la giao v i l n chUa ed ele cdng eu cd the sir dung de thu thap chiing cQ l i m cd sd cho viic quyit dinh d l n h gid Chinh vi the, nhQng Qu viet eua ddnh gid bang nhdn xet chQa dQpc giao vien coi trpng vd nhan djnh dung I C d n g c u danh gid Cdng cu danh g i i I I ele phQdng tien dUpc sQdung sudt q u i trinh day va hpc nhdm dat dupc cde muc dieh danh gid Tinh nang ed b i n cua cdng cu ddnh gia la thu t h i p thdng tin de cung cap cho g i l o v i i n va hoe sinh q u i trinh d l n h gia vd t u d l n h gid Theo Gronlund (1998) vd Linn & Gronlund (1995), cfing eu dupc sQdung d l ludng vd ddnh g i i gido due It n h i t phli d i m bdo ele y i u cau sau: Cd cdc khai niim rd rdng v l k i t qud hpe tap dU djnh d l n h gia Cdng eu danh g i i phli dap Qng dUpc mue t i i u dd dira SQ dung ele loai cdng cu danh gid khac di loai trQ nhQpe d i l m cua tQng dang thQc Cie cfing cu ddnh g i i phdi phu hpp vdi cac ket qud hpe tdp dii djnh ludng, vdi cdc thdng tin ' du djnh phdn hdicOa hpe sinh Cd sd lupng edu hdi, b l i tap thich hpp d l ddnh g i i d i y du va chinh xdc n h i n thQc cda hpc sinh 28 BANTINGlA0DUCTaXA5T,ilCHl)C Quy trinh ddnh gid phdi cdng b i n g vdi mpi hpc sinh Cd cic t i i u chf eu the de p h i n tfch, li gidi cdc kit qud da dat dUdc eua hgc sinh Cd thfing tin phdn hdi cho hpc sinh, nhan manh nhQng diem manh can phdt huy vd nhQng diem y i u can khie phue Thdng tin p h i n hdi cin nhanh chdng, cu the, chl rd nhQng d i l m manh v l d i l m y i u , cde eleh thQe khde phue cd thiin chf giup d d hpc sinh Kit q u i ludng p h l i hd trp cho viec dlnh gii (ddi vdi ngudi hpc) vd hd trp h i thdng bao d o cda nha trUdng Cdc loai cdng cu ddnh gia Cdng eu danh gid k i t qud hpc tdp b i n g nhin xet d t i i u hoc hien cd the la nhQng philu bdi tap, philu thuc hanh, philu tU ddnh gid de giao vien v l hpe sinh cung tham gia thu thap thfing tin v l chQng cQ thdnh tfch hoc t i p cua ngudi hpc TQdng Qng vdl nhQng phudng p h i p danh g i i khdc nhau, gilo viln v l hpc sinh c6 t h i sd dung nhOng edng cu ddnh gid die trung de ghi lai k i t qud hpc tap vd ren Iuyin eiia ngUdi hpc Cdc phuong phap d l n h g i i bao gom: Quan sdt (Cdng cu: Philu kiem ke: Cho hpe sinh, eho g i l o v i l n , cho ghi chep nhCftig sU viic thUdng nhdt, thang x I p hang: Thang sd, thang hpa ,; Thuc hien: Gilo v i l n , hpc sinh, ban hpc) Van dap (Cdng cu: Phieu kiem ke, phieu trie nghiim khdch quan, thang xep hang; Thiic hien: Gido v i i n , hgc sinh, ban hpe) Trie n g h i i m (Cdng cu: Bit trie nghiem khdch quan, bai trie nghiem t i i luan k i t hpp vdi trie nghiim khdch quan, bai trac nghiem t i i luan han che, bdi trde n g h i i m t i i luan md rdng; Thiic hien: Giao v i i n , hpc sinh) Thue h i n h (Cdng cu: Phieu thiic hdnh han che |KlgNTHgc| Bdng Cdng cy chQng cif (Mdu phiiu quan sdt vd Mdu phUu tuddnh gid) + Mdu philu quan sdt - Nh^n x i t v l bd suu tdp cda: + * ChQc mQng cdc em d l hodn thdnh tdt/xong) bp sQu t | p v l Id, hoa, qud (rit tdt/ V l khd ndng phin loai cde tranh, dnh thu thdpdUpc RSttfit Tfit BifOc Chi/a£titOC V I elch gpi t i n QSy di] ck hinh ChUa diy dii C6n sai V l sd lupng hinh bd sUu tap 1 Rat nhieu Nlii^u Binh thififng ft Ve cdch trinh b i y Rat hap dan Hap dan M Nhdn xet chung: MauphieutUdanhgid(Cheeklist) Ten: Day du d l chO Oe (la, hoa, qui) Cach goi ten Cach trinh b^ydach, dep) Cadi phan loai cac mau thu thap Tich cifc thu thap mSu BQdcl: Xle dinh nhin xet 7: Biit dupe sU da dang phong phil eua thuc vat; chQc nang cua re, t h i n , la, hoa, q u i ddi vdi ddi sdng cua ciy v l lpi ieh cua bp p h i n ddi vdi ddi sdng cua ngudi Odi chilu vdi chuan kiln thQe kT n i n g dat dQpc cd the xle dinh ndi dung can danh g i i gdm chdng cQsau: + Chiing cQ 1: Ke tQ ~ cay thdn gd, t h i n t h i o vd n i u cdng dung eua nhQng t h i n ciy dd 30 ChQng cQ 2: K l tQ - loai c i y cd re cpc r l chiim, r l phu hoae lodi e l y cd r l dung lam thQc dn, Idm thudc ChQng cQ 3: Phdn loai dUpe mdt sd la ciy, hoa, qud theo mdu sic hole hinh dang, kfch thUdc hole gii trj sQ dung BAN TIN GlAO DUC Tin(A& TAI CHtfC BQdc 2: Lua chpn cdng cu d4 danh g i i Odi vdi chiimg cQ 1: Ndi dung y i u cau dupe dlnh gid Id ke t i n v l neu cdng dung cda cdy Yeu elu n i y t h i i n v l ITnh vUc k i l n t h d c NhU d l gidi thiiu d t r i n , cdng cu d l n h g i i b i n g t r i e nghiim td thfch hpp nhit Neu sQ dung cdng cu danh gii b i n g quan s i t hodc bdng thue hdnh thi chii yeu ddnh g i i dupc kT ndng hinh d hpe sinh Cdn viec sd dung cdng eu ddnh g i i ddng ding hole k i t hpp cdc iQc lupng g i l o due thi td khd thuc h i i n v l khdng cd h i i u qud Vi vdy ehung tdi thu thdp chQng cQ bdng cdng cu d l n h g l l trie nghiim (Dja d i l m tien hdnh: tai Idp;Thdi gian tiln hanh: hoat dpng eung cd kien thQc bdi 41 - T h i n ely, Ngudi danh g i i : g i l o vien - d l n h gia viic hgc sinh thuc h i i n bai trie nghiim) Dot vdi chQng cQ2: Ndi dung yeu cau dugc danh g l l la khd ndng p h i n loai va xdc djnh cdc loai re theo cau tao hodc theo eong dung Vdi ndi dung ddnh g i l nay, gido vien khong chl ddnh gid v l mat k i l n thQc ma cdn d l n h gid eac y i u cau t h i i n ve kT nang phdn loai Do edng eu ed t h i sQ dung h i i u qud Id: quan sdt hole thiic h i n h Oe tao nen hQng thu hoat ddng v l giup hgc sinh k h i e sau bai hpe, thuc hanh vdi cac m l u vat that Id phUdng phap c h i l m Ipi t h i Vay, chpn cdng eu ddnh g i l thUc hdnh (Dja diem tien hanh: tai Idp; Thdi gian tien h i n h : Hoat ddng p h i n loai re cay, bai 43: Re eay; NgUdi danh gid: g i l o v i i n , hoc sinh) Odi vdi chQng cQ 3: Ndi dung y i u c l u dUdc ddnh g i l I I kT nang p h i n loai la, hoa, quI.Odnh gia bing thuc hanh d l dugc sif dung d ehumg cQ2 n i n han c h l sCf dung hinh thQe nhan xet Oe t r i n h n h i m chin va kich thich hQng thu hpc tap, giup hpc sinh tQtin vdi sin pham cua minh lam ra, chung tdi sCf dung phuong phdp quan sat di d l n h gid sdn pham: Bd sUu tap tranh, dnh v l II, hoa, q u i B i n canh dd, d l hgc sinh cd the danh gid bd siAj l i p eua minh, c i n ed t h i m cong cu tii ddnh gia (Dja diem t i l n hanh: tai ldp; Thdi gian t i l n hanh: Du I n dugc thiie hien khoing thdi gian hpe tQ bai 45 den bai 48 Thu thap mpi lue CO the, trinh bay mdt t i l t hpe - sau ho?t ddng tim hieu ve: Id, hoa, qud; NgUdi thiic hiin: giao v i i n vd hpc sinh) TlMHI^ul 6u5*c 3: Xay dQng cfing cu theo yeu cau da xdc djnh viec thu thdp thdng tin tai chd va dieu chlnh Cfing cu cho chQng cQ 1, ehumg cQ 2, ehiing cQ dQoc kip thdi nhQng thfing tin thu thdp dupe cua mdt hpc xiy dUng nhu sau (xem b i n g 1,2,3) sinh tai thdi d i l m dd Trong pham vi cda mdt nhdn x i t , viic l i y 'j/ k i l n phdn hdi cung rat can t h i i t Bude 4: Thuc nghiim, k i i m ehiing cfing eu da duoe D i l u n i y cd t h i thUc hi^n gid ngoai khda (hole gid sinh hoat Idp), sau hpe sinh d l h o i n t h i i t ke thdnh mpt t i i u chd di hpc t i p cda mdn Tu n h i i n vd BUdc5:0ieu chlnh, lUa chon vd dUa vdo ngdn hdng dQ Xa hdi Idp 3.Tilp xuc tri^c t i l p giQa g i l o v i i n v l hpc sinh I I d i l u kiin t h u i n Ipi d l hai ben the hien y k i l n lieu ddnh g i l riing eua minh Cac budc sit dung cdng cu Sau edng cu d l n h gid dupe xdy dung, giao v i i n sQ D l n h g i l b i n g n h i n x i t I I mdt hinh thde ddnh g i l dung theo cdc bUde sau (Vf du sau xdy dung edng chQa dung tfnh nhdn vdn sdu s i c Tuy nhiin gilo v i i n cu dlnh gid cho nhdn x i t 7): cdn gap khd khin viec thu thdp chQng cQ d l dua quyit dinh v l k i t qud hpc tap eda hpc sinh Bude 1; Gido v i i n tim hiiu myc t i i u d l n h gid eua tQng Nhdm giup g i l o v i l n t i i tin vdi q u i trinh ddnh chQng cQva viec ey t h i hda muc tieu dd tQng gid bdng nhdn x i t cdc mdn hpe d t i l u hoe, gilo viin cfing cu ddnh g i l Nhdn x i t sQ dung eic cdng cu: c i n p h l i cd nhiimg hiiu b i i t nhat djnh ve he thdng philu trie nghiim; philu thUe h i n h han c h l , philu ele phuong phip, ede cdng cu sQ dung qud trinh ddnh gid; b i i t eleh x i y diing ele cfing cu cho quan sdt va philu t i i nhdn xet phu hpp vdi myc tieu dieu kiln cu t h i v l b i i t eleh sQ Bude2:T\in hdnh thu thap thfing tin thfing qua cdc dyng ehung qua trinh ddnh gid ket qua hoe tap cdng cu dlnh gia Gilo viin sQdung ele philu ddnh Cic phuong phap va eong cu cd the dupe sQdung de g i l d l dupc thiet k l d l thu thdp thong tin v l d nhQng d l n h g i l k i t q u i hgc t i p ele mdn hoc gdm: quan sit, thdi dilm khac theo hudng dan da dupe thiet van d i p trac nghiem, thUe hdnh, tudanh gia, d l n h g i l k l (xem mue 3) Philu trde nghiim dupe thuc hiin d ddng dang, ddnh gid cda phu huynh Chiing tdi da de hoat ddng eung cd kiln thQc bai 41: Thin cdy, philu xuat quy trinh xdy diing va quy trinh sQdung edng cu thuc hinh duoc thUe hiin hoat dfing phan loai cho mpt nhan x i t Kit qud thue nghiim ban d i u tai re ely bai 43: Rl cdy, phieu quan sat va philu tU nhan ele trudng t i l u hpc D o i n Thj D i l m (Ha Nfii) vd Trin x i t dupe thuc hiin sau hgc sinh trinh bdy sdn Qudc Toin (Tam Ky - QuIng Nam) da khang djnh tinh pham dd sUu tam trudc Idp sau bdi 48: Qud Kit qud khd thi eua ehung.Tuy nhiin, ddy ehi Id nhOmg mdu vi eua hoat dpng la gilo v i i n thu dUOc cae chQng cQ dy giup giao v i i n tham khdo vd thuc h i i n theo Sau xdy dung dupe cdc cdng eu eho mpt n h i n x i t , dudi dang ele mau philu da dUoe d i l n gilo viin cung cd t h i lUu giQ nd lam mfit phan Budc 3: Tdng hpp k i t qud thu dupe vd dUa quyet hd sd giing day cua minh v l cung cd the eat giQ cHnh (kit ludn) Sau thu thap chdng cQ bing phieu, lUu bi kiim tra cua hpe sinh O gilo vien t i l n hinh xQ li thdng tin t r i n ele chdng cQ thu thdp duac: Vdi mdi chiimg cQneu hpc sinh thuc hien dupc 2/3 y i u cau thi cd t h i c h i p nhan rdng hpc sinh da dat dupc chQng cQ dd (ching han vdi chQng cQ 1, hpc sinh d l thuc hien dupc 2/3 y i u eau cua philu trie nghiem thi hpc sinh dd d l dat dupc chQng cQ) Nlu hpc sinh dat dUdc t i t e l cae chQng cQ {cd chiimg cd nhdn xdt 7), thi hpc sinh dd dQpc | dlnh dau (v) v i o so theo ddi Bin canh dd, sau xQ li thdng tin, gido v i i n ' cung p h l i chl dupe nhQng each hpc sinh da Idm dQdc cung nhu nhQng d i l u hpc sinh can cd g i n g hodn t h i i n Budc 4: Lay y k i l n phdn hdi Trong qud trinh ddnh g i l theo xu hudng ndy, g i l o v i l n duoc khuyin khfch ; 31 ITHUCMAC I cau hoi: H i f n nay, vifc thift k f cdc bai tap on luyfn Tifng V i f t clio hoc sinh cufi c^p t i f u hpc dang la v^n d6 rat thift thuc d f i voi gido viSn t i f u hoc Kinh d f nghj thdy (cd) gioi thifu cho chOng em m f t so tdi lieu b f trp vd m f t sf d f dn luyfn mdu linh vuc ndy d f gido vi6n t i f u hoc co d i f u k i f n tham khdo vd hpc hoi GS.rS W Phuang Nga tri lai: l trau ddi kiln thQc ky n i n g hpc t i i n g Viet, gdp p h i n phue vu y i u c l u bdi dUdng hpe sinh khd, gidi mdn Tiing Viit, ddng thdi giOp eac em Idm quen vdi hinh thQc kiim tra, ddnh gid k i t qud hpe tdp, g i n diy, Nhd x u i t b i n Gido dye Wet Nam eho phat hanh cudn 35 di dn Iuyin tiing Viit cda GS.TS L l Phuong Nga vd ThS Nguyin Thj Thanh Hdng D Cudn sdeh gdm phan: Phdn 1:35 de Iuyin tap 35 d l luyen tap d phan ndy se mang lai nhilu d i l u thu vj cho cdc em hpe sinh Mdi d l luyen tap bao gdm mfit v i n b i n d l l i m "chat lieu" x i y diing cdc bdi tap Sau mdi tuan hpe tren Idp, ede em lai cd dip "thd sQc" vdi tQng di Iuyin tap Qng vdi tuan dd Cdc em s i tu kiim tra kiln thQc, ky nang tieng Viet eda minh cdc phan Dpc hiiu, Luyin tQvd cdu, Cdm thu vdn hoe Tap idm vdn Cie bdi t i p d l Iuyin tap cd hai loai: trde nghiim khich quan v l trde nghiim t u ludn Cde em cd gdng t i i minh Idm hodc t h i o luan cung cdc ban d l tim Idi gidi dap Phdn II: Gidi ddp - Ggi y - Tham khdo Phan ndy n l u ndi dung gidi ddp - gai y b l i l i m cung nhu eung c l p mdt sd doan vilt ve cdm thy v i n hpc v l t i p lam van theo yeu cau cua de Iuyin tap d phan I di ele em tham khdo Cde efi gilo, thdy giao cd the dung ele d l luyen tap de dn luyen cho hpe sinh Phin Dpc hiiu, Luyen tClvd edu dung dUpc cho hpe sinh dai trd Phan Cdm thu vdn hoe va Tdp Idm vdn danh cho hpc sinh khd, gidi Dua theo elch thQc d l sdch, cdc cd gilo, thay giao eung cd the soan them nhQng de tUOng t i i cho hpe sinh Idp minh, gdp phan edng cd, n i n g cao chat lUpng day - hpe nhd trudng Cic b i c phu huynh hpc sinh cung cd t h i dung sdeh n i y di giup eon em minh luyen tap, kiem tra vd d l n h gid ket q u i hpe tap mfin Tiing Viet cda eic em Sau diy, Sdn tin Gido duc TQxa vd TgichQcg\d\ thieu hai de dn luyen tieu bieu theo hUdng day hpc tieh hpp de hoc v i l n tham khdo (Trong cde sd bdo sau, chung tdi s i gidi thieu t h i m mdt sd de dn luyen theo hinh thQe trie nghiem v l tU ludn thudc cie chd d l khIc de hpc v i i n tham khdo vd m d rdng tam h i l u b i i t cua minh, gdp phan ndng eao chat lupng day hpe mdn Tieng Viet d t i l u hpc) 32 eAN TIN GlAO DUC TCI XAfiTAICHlTC ... chdng cQ thu thdp duac: Vdi mdi chiimg cQneu hpc sinh thuc hien dupc 2/3 y i u cau thi cd t h i c h i p nhan rdng hpc sinh da dat dupc chQng cQ dd (ching han vdi chQng cQ 1, hpc sinh d l thuc hien... n h Oe tao nen hQng thu hoat ddng v l giup hgc sinh k h i e sau bai hpe, thuc hanh vdi cac m l u vat that Id phUdng phap c h i l m Ipi t h i Vay, chpn cdng eu ddnh g i l thUc hdnh (Dja diem... ele d l luyen tap de dn luyen cho hpe sinh Phin Dpc hiiu, Luyen tClvd edu dung dUpc cho hpe sinh dai trd Phan Cdm thu vdn hoe va Tdp Idm vdn danh cho hpc sinh khd, gidi Dua theo elch thQc d l