Tiểu luận American Culture chủ đề: GOVERNMENT PRESIDENT

The vice president of the United States serves as the president of the Senate.. COMPARE UNITED STATED CONGRESS & NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF VIETNAM... The Vietnamese Parliament and the US Cong

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TO OUR PRESENTATION

GROUP 5

MEMBERS:

&

PRESIDENT

A GOVERNMENT

I A suspicion of Strong Government

II Three branches of US Government

III The Development of Big Government: The Welfare State Contents

IV State, local and Government

B PRESIDENT

V Powers and duties of President

VI Presidential election

Purpose : Improve and protect the lives of American citizens, both at home and overseas

Function : operates on several different levels

national, state, and local

» The ideal of the free individual has had a

profound effect on the way Americans view their government Traditionally, there has a deep suspicion that government is the natural enemy of freedom, even if it is elected by the people

» The bigger and stronger the government

becomes, the more dangerous most

Americans believe it is to their individual

freedom.

I The suspicion of strong

Government

II THE ORGANIZATION OF THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

During the summer of 1787, 55 delegates gathered in Philadelphia to draft a new constitution for the United States

The country had recently won its independence from England

» II THE ORGANIZATION OF THE AMERICAN

The Judicial branch:

The Court

1 LEGISLATIVE BRANCH: THE CONGRESS

1 LEGISLATIVE BRANCH: THE CONGRESS

Main powers

Raise money for use by the government and to decide in broad terms how

to spend Congress does its work by considering bills (or proposed laws) that have been introduced by its members

May officially declare war on another country

Raise and pay for armed forces

Establishes federal courts of law

Regulates trade with other countries

Impeach, or bring charges against, any member of the executive branch suspected of committing a crime

1 LEGISLATIVE BRANCH: THE CONGRESS

1 LEGISLATIVE BRANCH: THE CONGRESS

The House of Representative The House of

A THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE

The House of Representatives has 435 voting members representatives (or congressmen and congresswomen)

The members serve 2-year terms

The members of the House of Representatives choose their own leader, called the Speaker of the House The Speaker belongs to the majority party

Elections are held in November of even-numbered years, and the

representatives take office the following January

The vice president of the United States serves as the president

of the Senate His principal power is deciding an issue in case

of a tie vote

COMPARE

UNITED STATED CONGRESS & NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF VIETNAM

The Vietnamese Parliament and the US Congress are the supreme representatives of the people, are elected by the people

Set up committees of Parliament or Parliament to monitor the Government activities

The National Assembly or the Senate decides the socio-economic development plan of country

Parliament or Parliament decides the issue of war and peace; Rules the state of emergency, other special measures to ensure national defense and National security

It operates on the principle of democratic centralism and works according to the convention and decide by majority.

THE SAME

The National Assembly has the right to

vote, exemption To dismiss the President

of the country, abolish the documents

promulgated by the President

The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a

unified state the structure of an institute,

so the people elected members of

Congress

THE DIFFERENCE

Meanwhile, the President of the United States elected by the people, the General They have the right to vote the laws enacted by the Parliament.

In the elections, the bicameral structure of the United States is elective members of the House of Representatives, while the upper house is allocated by number of states - each the state has two senators.

2.2 EXECUTIVE BRANCH

»

 President: leads the country; the

head of state, leader of the

federal government; serves a

four-year term & can be elected no

more than two times.

 Vice President : supports the

President; can be elected & serve

an unlimited number of four-year

terms as Vice President, even

under a different president.

 The Cabinet: advisors to the

President

 THE ROLE OF PRESIDENT IN

AMERICA

 Chief of State: a living symbol of the nation; be an inspiring example for the

American people.

» Examples of Responsibilities:

» Awarding medals to the winners of college scholarships

» Congratulating astronauts on their journey into space

 Chief Executive : the "boss" for millions of government workers in the

Executive Branch

» Decides how the laws of the U.S are to be enforced & chooses officials & advisors to help run the Executive Branch.

 Chief Diplomat : decides what American diplomats & ambassadors shall

say to foreign governments With the help of advisors; makes the foreign policy of the U.S.

2.3 JUDICIAL BRANCH

 interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to individual cases, decides if laws violate the Constitution

 comprised of the Supreme Court & other federal courts. 

 The relationship between president & the congress.

A Who is more powerful, the President of the U.S or Congress?

 The powers & duties of 3 branches are further defined by acts of Congress, including the creation of executive departments & courts inferior to the Supreme Court.

 the role of chief legislative body of the U.S

 using a series of checks & balances, could limit each other's power

B THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

CONGRESS & THE PRESIDENT

 Dynamic, changing with every issue, every event

 The President ‘s success can be seen at reaching out to members of Congress & persuading them to follow his lead

 The President often sees Congress as an obstacle to be overcome, always has to calculate how his proposals will play out with Congress

 Congress has many responsibilities in conducting their business, especially in considering the proposed budget submitted by the President

THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIG GOVERNMENT:

THE WELFARE STATE

1 Definition

» Big government is a term used to

describe a government or public

sector that is excessively large and

unconstitutionally involved in certain

areas of public policy or the private

sector

» The welfare state is a concept of

government in which the state plays

a key role in the protection and

promotion of the social and economic

well-being of its citizens

THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIG GOVERNMENT:

THE WELFARE STATE

» Republicans have favored letting businesses compete with little or no

government regulation

» Democrats have traditionally favored using government to regulate

businesses, protect consumers and workers, and also to solve social

problems.

» The Great Depression of the 1930s weakened the businessperson’s

position and created the need for emergency government action to help

the needy on a scale never before seen in the United States in peacetime

» Even with the return of prosperity after the Depression and World War II

(1941-1945), the growth of government’s role in helping to provide

economic security for individuals did not end

Roosevelts New Deal grew into what some saw as a permanent “welfare

state”.

2 The development of big government: The

welfare State

THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIG GOVERNMENT:

THE WELFARE STATE

2 The development of big government: The welfare State

» Some Americans fear that economic security provided by the

government will weaken self-reliance and presents a danger to

individual freedom

Americans intended to be less accepting of welfare programs than the citizens of other democracies.

» In 1996, under President Clinton, a Democrat with a

Republican-controlled Congress, there were some major

reforms in the welfare system.

» Most Americans would certainly not consider their government retirement benefits under Social Security or Medicare (health

care for the retired) as welfare payments.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIG GOVERNMENT:

THE WELFARE STATE

» Because welfare programs go against the basic

value of self-reliance, many Americans believe

that having to “go on welfare” to meet daily needs

is a personal embarrassment

» The welfare systems in the US has also been

troubled by racial problems that began with black slavery before the Civil War of the 1860s and

continued with racial segregation in the South in

the 1890s

A large number of people who receive welfare

benefits are black American

2 The development of big government: The

welfare State

» State governments of the

United States have to follow

orders of the central government

» Have its own written constitution,

government and code of laws

» Do not authorized to print currency

» The highest elected official of each

state is the Governor

» Have an elected state legislature

» Maintain its own state court system

STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

» Local government in the United

States refers to governmental jurisdictions

below the level of the state.

» Have two types of local government:

 counties and municipalities.

» Manage and delivery some quality services

to their communities, such as public health

and recreational facilities, local

road maintenance, and public libraries.

» Local laws and cover issues such as

traffic, the sale of alcohol, animal

management, and use of infrastructure.

» The highest elected official of a town or city

is usually the  mayor

STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

RESPONSIBILITIES OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

provide water, organize police and fire services, establish zoning regulations, license professions, and arrange

elections for their citizens

local governments are creatures of the state The state government can abolish a local government, merge it

with other entities, or give it additional authority

COMPARISON WITH VIETNAM

- The Vietnamese government has been relatively stable It

doesn’t have a great human rights record but people in Vietnam don’t seem too interested in rebelling.

PRESIDENT OF

THE UNITED STATES.

 The  head of state  and  head of government  of the 

United States of America

   I ndirectly elected to a four-year  term  by the people through the  Electoral College

 The world's most powerful political figure and as the leader of the only current global  superpower

INTRODUCTION

LIST OF PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.

George Washington

(1732 – 1799)

Grover Cleveland (1837 – 1908)

William Henry Harrison (1773 – 1841)

Donald Trump ( 1946 )

POWER AND DUTIES

OF PRESIDENT

EXECUTIVE POWERS

» Head of National Administration : The Chief Executive his duty to see that the laws and the treaties are enforced

throughout country.

» Appointments : The power to make all important

appointments but all such appointments are to be approved by the Senate

» Dictator in Foreign Relations : The President has control of

foreign relations which he conducts with the assistance of the Secretary of State.

» Commander-in-Chief / Powers of Defence : The

Commander-in-Chief of the US-armed forces as such he is

responsible for the defence of his country.

of Congress

having the force of law

The President has

by holding personal conferences with them

PERSONAL CONFERENCES

In theory, it is Congress,

which controls the public

purse In practice, the

budget is prepared under

the guidance and

against the State

JUDICIAL POWERS

COMPARE WITH PRESIDENT OF VIETNAM LEGISLATION

 The country’s president shall issue

orders and decisions.

 To promulgate laws, decree-laws and

the Constitution.

 To propose to the Standing Committee

of the NA to review its ordinances.

 Required by the constitution to send messages to Congress giving it information regarding the, state, of the Union.

 Influence Congress by the use of his

"Veto".

 Call special sessions of Congress

COMPARE WITH PRESIDENT OF VIETNAM - ADMINISTRATION

 To elect, release from duty, remove from

office the Prime Minister.

 To appoint, release from duty, or dismiss

the Deputy Prime Minister, Minister and

other members of the Government.

 Attend meetings of the Government.

 Head of National Administration

 He is the Chief Executive and as such it is his duty to see that the laws and the

treaties are enforced throughout country.

COMPARE WITH PRESIDENT OF VIETNAM - NATIONAL DEFENSE

AND SECURITY

 To have overall command of the armed

forces and hold the office of chairman of

the National Defense and Security.

 On the basis of resolutions of the NA or

its Standing Committee to proclaim a

state of war.

 On the basis of resolutions of the

Standing Committee of the NA, to order a

general or partial mobilization.

 He is the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces as such he is responsible for the defence of his country

US- He appoints military-officers with the consent of the Senate and can remove them at will

 He can send American forces to any part

of the world.

COMPARE WITH PRESIDENT OF VIETNAM - DIPLOMACY

 To appoint and recall Vietnam’s ambassadors

extraordinary and plenipotentiary.

 To negotiate and sign international

agreement on behalf of the Socialist Republic

of Vietnam with the Heads of other states.

 To approve or join international agreements,

except in cases where a decision by the NA

necessary.

 The President has control of foreign relations, which he conducts with the assistance of the Secretary of State

 He appoints all Ambassadors and other Diplomats

 He negotiates treaties with foreign powers.

Cycle of presidential process

Eligibility requirements

Primaries and caucusese

General election

Electoral college

» Each state gets a certain

number of electors

» Each electors casts one vote

following the general election

» The candidate who gets

more than half wins

COMPARISION WITH VIETNAM

» Citizen of United State

vote to choose President

» The President is selected

for a term of office of

» The President is selected for a term of office of

five years

» Candidates must be the commissioners of

 General Secretary

THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION