Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)

Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)Lý thuyết và bài tập về bị động (cơ bản và nâng cao)

1 | Collected and edited by Ms Thap

PASSIVE VOICE

A Remember

I Structure Be + Past participle (PP)

Active: S V O

Passive: S ( by + O)

( Be + PP)

The

present

simple

S+ V(s/es) S+ am/is/are+ PP My mother often takes me to the zoo on Sundays

 I am often taken to the zoo by my mother on Sundays

The

present

continuous

S+ am/is/are+

V_ing

S+ am/is/are+ being+ PP We are conducting a research now

 A research is being conducted by us now

The

present

perfect

S+ have/has+ PP S+ have/has+ been+ PP Tam has written letters since this morning

 Letters have been written by Tam since this morning

The past

simple

S+ V(ed) S+ was/ were+ PP Graham Bell invented telephone

 Telephone was invented by Graham Bell The past

continuous

S+ was/ were+

V_ing

S+ was/were+ being+ PP They were watering flowers at 5 pm yesterday

 Flowers were being watered at 5 pm yesterday

The past

perfect

S+ had+ PP S+ had+ been+ PP Lan had finished homework by 8 pm

Homework had been finished by Lan by 8 pm The simple

future

S+ will/ shall+

V_bare

S+ will/ shall+ be+ PP She will repaint her room next year

 Her room will be repainted by her next year The near

future

S+ am/is/are+

going to+ PP

S+ am/is/are+ going to+

be+ PP

Huan is going to learn French next month

 French is going to be learnt by Huan next month

Modal

verb

S+ modal verb+

V_bare

S+ modal verb+ be+ PP You should brush your teeth twice a day

 Your teeth should be brushed twice a day by you

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To V_bare To+ V_bare To+ be+ PP I want Lam to repair my bike

I want my bike to be repaired by Lam

 I hate being laughed by people

 Note:

a If subject of active voice is a noun of materials and tools, we will replace “by+ O” with “with+ O”

Ex Snow covers the ground in the winter  The ground is covered with snow in the winter

b When the subject of active voice is indefinite pronouns (someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, something, anything, everything), people and they, we can omit “by+ O”

Ex Someone stole her bike last week  Her bike was stolen last week

c Preposition of place is followed by “ by+ O” while preposition of time follows “by+ O” Preposition of manner

is between “be” and PP

Ex His children bought two books at the bookstore yesterday

 Two books were bought at the bookstore by his children yesterday

Ex Lam sometimes tidies his room on Saturdays

 His room is sometimes tidied by Lam on Saturdays

d When a sentence has two objects, both of them can be the subject of passive voice When the object is person, it will be easier to write because we have to add some prepositions following verbs when the object is thing

Ex My teacher gave me a nice gift last birthday

 I was given a nice gift by my teacher last birthday

 A nice gift was given to me by my teacher last birthday

II Special cases

1 Verbs of perception (watch/ hear/ see/ smell/ taste/ feel)

Ex He saw Lan play the piano last week  Lan was seen to play the piano by him last week

I saw a cat climbing the wall  A cat was seen climbing the wall by me

2 Causative form (have/ get)

Have someone do something Have something + PP by somebody Get someone to do something Get something + PP by somebody

Ex Huong had her mother make a big birthday cake two days ago

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 Huong had a big birthday cake made by her mother two days ago

You should get the hairdresser to cut your hair

 You should get your hair cut by the hairdresser

3 Imperative

V_bare+ O

Don’t+ V_bare+ O

Let+ O+ be+ PP

Let+ O+ not+ be+ PP

Ex Don’t open the door!  Let the door not be opened

4 Verbs of opinion (report/ say/ believe/ rumour/ think/ know/ consider/ claim/ expect/ understand)

Active: S1+ verb1 (that) + S2+ verb2

Passive:

 It + be + PP (verb1)+ S2+ verb2

 If verb 2 happens after or at the same as verb 1: S2+ be+ PP(verb1) + to V_bare(verb 2)

If verb 2 happens before verb 1: S2+ be+ PP(verb1)+ to have+ PP(verb 2)

Ex People rumour that she is a good English teacher

 It is rumoured that she is a good English teacher

 She is rumoured to be a good English teacher

They think that this house was built in 1904

 It is thought that this house was built in 1904

 This house is thought to have been built in 1904

5 Special verbs: make, need, let

somebody/something+

V_bare

Somebody/something+ be made+ to+ V_bare

My teacher made me do homework

 I was made to do homework by

my teacher

be+ PP Somebody needs to be+ PP

You need to cut your hair

 Your hair needs cutting

V_bare

Somebody/something+ be allowed+ to V_bare

My mother doesn’t let me go out late

 I amnot allowed to go out late by

my mother

B Practise

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Exercise 1: Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence

1 Rice ……… in many tropical countries such as Vietnam and Thailand

2 Lan can’t still believe in it! She ……… to be the winner of this competition last night

3 Let go ahead and try your best Nothing ……… by waiting

A accomplished B will be accomplished C has accomplished D accomplishes

4 When ……… ? – In 1879

A light bulb was invented B did light bulb invented C was light bulb invented D did light bulb invent

5 Huong hates ……… by other students in her class

6 Lunch ……… by my mother before my dad came back

A had prepared B had been prepared C were prepared D were preparing

7 Vitamin C ……… by the human body It gets into the bloods stream quickly

A absorbs easily B is easily absorbing C is easily absorbed D is absorbed easily

8 We can’t go along this bridge It ……… now

A is repaired B is being repaired C is repairing D been repaired

9 The beach ……… by students so it is very clean now

A has been cleaned B has cleaned C has been cleaning D is cleaned

10 My Tam ……… as the most popular singer in Viet Nam

A is considered widely B is widely considered C was considered widely D were considered widely

Exercise 2: Change the following sentences into the passive voice

1 Gustave Eiffel built Eiffel tower in 1889

 ………

2 Do they speak English in this area?

………

3 We are designing a modern house near the local park

 ………

4 Nobody has used this room for ages

 ………

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5 A fire caused considerable damage

………

6 The dog attacked the kid in the garden yesterday

………

7 They didn’t look after the children properly

………

8 Can Mary make a box from old paper?

………

Exercise 3: Change the following sentences into the active voice

1 Christmas tree was decorated with many colourful balloons by my mother

 ………

2 The dogs are often taken for a walk by her

 ………

3 Two songs were being composed by Son Tung MTP

 ………

4 English is spoken all over the world

 ………

5 My radio had been bought by my sister by the end of last year

 ………

6 An English course will be taken by his kid next summer

 ………

7 How was this cake made by your sister?

 ………

8 Is the roof being fixed by your neighbor?

 ………

Exercise 4: Choose the best answer

1 People say that he was born in France

A That is said he was born in France B It was said that he was born in France

C He was said to be born in France D He is said to have been born in France

2 People say Italian food is the best in the world

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A Italian food is said to be the best in the world B I agree that Italian food is the best in the world

C Italian food is eaten all over the world D No food in the world is eaten as much as Italian food

3 Your hair is long You ought to get it cut

A Your long hair needs to cut B You ought to cut your hair

C Your long hair should be cut D You should get your hair to cut

4 I saw a man running away from this house

A A man is seen to run away from this house by me B A man is seen running away from this house by me

C A man was seen running away from this house by me D A man was seen to run away from this house by me

5 He wore marks so that other people could not recognize him

A He avoided recognizing other people B He avoided wearing marks to recognize other people

C He avoided being recognized by other people D He avoided being worn marks to recognize other people

6 Eat more fruits to be healthier

A More fruits are eaten to be healthier B Let more fruits be eaten to be healthier

C Let more fruits eaten to be healthier D More fruits were eaten to be healthier

Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences without changing the form of the given word

1 My mother makes me do housework everyday

 ……… (MADE)

2 It is said that he was arrested by two policemen last week

 ……… (BEEN)

3 My mother helped me to do homework last night

 ……… (HAD)

 ……… (HAD)

4 It was believed that the Earth was flat

 ……… (BE)

5 You should ask your brother to fix your bike

 ……… (GET)

 ……… (GET)

Exercise 6: Complete these sentences Use a passive to-infinitive or ing-form of the verb in brackets Sometimes you need to use a perfect form

1 It is important for this change ……… so that everyone can arrange their work

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2 She is touching my diary without ……… (allow)

3 People should prevent water from ……… (pollute)

4 Our classmates want to ……… (take) to Thu Le Zoo next weekend

5 When ……… (choose) to be the winner, Hoa felt very proud and satisfied

6 Jordan ignored this serious problem despite ……… (warn) about it

7 When I woke up in hospital, I remembered ……… (bite) by the snake but nothing after that

8 She was sad because of not ……… (invite) to Tom’s birthday

Exercise 7: Put the verbs in the correct form to fill in the blanks

Our lives (1) ……… (make) better every day thanks to inventions But sometimes, inventions can make our lives worse This can happen when an invention (2) ……… (not use) according to the inventor’s plan For example, Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist, invented a strong explosive in 1867 It (3) ……… (call) dynamite and it revolutionized the world of engineering After its invention, many bridges, tunnels and other structures (4) ……… (build) with the help of dynamite However, dynamite (5) ……… (also, use) to kill people in wars This upset Nobel Before his death, Nobel decided to use the money from his famous invention to make the world a better place A special fund (6) ……… (start) in Nobel’s name Every year, Nobel prizes (7)

……… (give) for extraordinary work in science, medicine, literature and the promotion of world peace

Exercise 8: Put the verbs from the box in the correct form to fill in the blanks

add  dry  introduce  invent  mix  not make  not need  produce  use (x2)

Paper (1) ……… from wood The fibres of wood from trees (2) ……… with water until they becomes a soft wet pulp, which (3) ……… This method of paper-making (4) ……… in the 2nd

century BC in China However, early writing materials (5) ……… (always) from wood In fact, the word

paper comes from papyrus plants which (6) ……… by the Egyptians to make a form of paper in 3,000 B.C

When machines for-paper making (7) ……… in the 19th century, paper became easy to afford Today, one

of the problems with the huge production of paper is that a chemical called chlorine (8) ……… to make the paper white Recycling is important, because chlorine (9) ……… and less energy (10) ……… for recycled paper

Exercise 9: Change sentences into passive voice in two ways (two-object sentences)

1 The secretary is sending the customers some letters

 ………

 ………

2 Carol brought her mother a lot of fresh fruit from the market

 ………

 ………

3 Katherine had given her boyfriend an expensive golden watch

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 ………

 ………

4 The librarian lent the girls a few English magazines

 ………

 ………

5 Charles is writing a few postcards to his relatives

 ………

 ………

6 The new teacher teaches us Physics at the high school

 ………

 ………

Exercise 10: Find and correct the mistakes

1 On preparing by her students, this cake was a meaningful gift for her on her birthday

2 When coming over her house, I saw her to run away with her anger

3 This dress is reported to be designed in a small village by the local people in the 19th

4 He had his trees grow and watered by one of his neighbours when he was on business trip

5 I remembered beating by a dog when I was taken to the zoo by my mother

6 If the air is polluted, diseases related to respiratory system will catch