exports plus investment exceed imports plus domestic saving.. imports plus domestic saving exceed exports plus investment.. That the United States is running a trade surplus.. Foreign di
Trang 1OpenEconomy Macroeconomics: Basic
Concepts
1 A country’s balance of international trade is positive when
a exports exceed imports.
b exports plus investment exceed imports plus domestic saving
c imports exceed exports
d imports plus domestic saving exceed exports plus investment
2 Which of the following would be recorded as an U.S. merchandise export?
a An American tourist spends 10,000 francs on vacation in the south of France
b A machine shop in Ohio purchases a grinder made in Italy
c An American receives a $50 dividend check on stock she owns in a business in Germany
d France purchases a new jet fighter aircraft from the Boeing Company in the United States.
3 Which of the following is equivalent to the trade deficit?
a imports/exports
b net capital inflow
c exports + imports
d net exports – imports
4 If U.S. imports total $100 billion and U.S. exports total $150 billion, which of the following would
be true?
a U.S. net exports equal –$50 billion
b The U.S. has a trade surplus of $50 billion.
Trang 2c The U.S. has a trade deficit of $100 billion.
d The U.S. has a trade deficit of $50 billion
5 What does a positive U.S. capital inflow signify?
a Nothing
b That the government is running a budget deficit
c That more funds were invested in the United States by foreigners than the United States invested abroad.
d That the United States is running a trade surplus
6 International trade in financial assets
a increases risk because little is known about firms in foreign lands
b increases risk because default risk is greater in foreign countries
c increases risk because of currency fluctuations
d reduces risk by allowing for increased diversification.
7 It must always be true that net capital outflow
a is greater than net exports
b is less than net exports
c is equal to net exports.
d equals 0
8 If savings in Germany is $300 billion and investment in Germany is $550 billion, then
a there must be net capital outflow of –$550 billion
b there must be net capital outflow of –$250 billion.
c the German government must be running a $250 billion surplus
Trang 3d the German financial market must be experiencing a net capital outflow.
9 If interest rates in Canada rise above those in the rest of the world, then
a the demand for Canadian dollars decreases
b exports from Canada to other countries increases
c imports into Canada from other countries decreases
d it raises Canada’s exchange rate and this may result in a deficit on Canada’s current account.
10 Foreign direct investment differs from foreign portfolio investment in that
a direct investments involve stocks and bonds
b direct investments can only be made by the International Monetary Fund
c direct investments involve physical capital; portfolio investments involve financial capital
d a government must be involved in direct investment, but portfolio investment can involve private firms
11 Which of the following would be classified as a direct foreign investment?
a a purchase of 100 shares of British Petroleum stock
b a loan of $1 million to a Brazilian utilities firm
c A loan of $1 million from the World Bank to Surinam
d building a new Pizza Hut in St. Petersburg, Russia
12 Net capital outflow measures
a the flow of goods and services between countries
b the flow of assets between countries.
c government budget surpluses and deficits relative to those experienced in other countries
d the amount of physical capital built in foreign countries
Trang 413 U.S. trade deficits are a sign of
a reduced national savings.
b reduced production of manufactured goods
c an over reliance on the service economy
d high rates of unemployment in the U.S. economy
14 The exchange rate is the
a value of money
b quantity of dollars, yen, etc., that are traded on currency markets
c amount of foreign currency that is used to buy goods made in your country
d number of units of a foreign currency that can be bought with one unit of your own currency.
15 If you were told that the exchange rate was 1.5 U.S. dollars per 1 Canadian dollar (CDN), that would mean that Canadians would have to spend to by a $12 watch in New York City
a $18 CDN
b $15 CDN
c $1.5 CDN
d $12 CDN
16 Currencies depreciate and appreciate all the time. Who gains and who loses when the Mexican peso depreciates?
a Americans holding Mexican pesos gain, U.S. tourists to Mexico lose
b U.S. exporters to Mexico gain, Americans holding pesos lose
c Mexican exporters gain, Mexican importers lose.
d Mexican importers gain, Mexican exporters lose
17 When Italy devalues its currency
Trang 5a the dollars per Italian lira will increase.
b the drain of U.S. reserves on Italian lira will fall
c U.S. exports to Italy will increase
d the price of imported Italian olive oil in the United States will fall.
18 When fewer U.S. dollars are needed to buy a unit of Japanese yen, the dollar
a is devalued
b is inflated
c appreciates.
d depreciates
19 If one country has a lower inflation rate than other countries, its
a currency tends to appreciate.
b currency tends to depreciate
c real interest rate will be higher than in other countries
d nominal interest rate will be higher than in other countries
20 In the long run, exchange rates
a are determined by business cycle fluctuations
b are determined by movements of Eurodollars
c will adjust until the price of a bundle of goods is the same in both countries.
d will reflect economic fluctuations in both countries
21 Which of the following is a statement of the purchasing power parity theory of exchange rate determination? The exchange rate will adjust in the
a long run until the interest rate is roughly the same in both countries
Trang 6b long run until real GDP is roughly the same in both countries.
c long run until the average price of goods is roughly the same in both countries.
d short run until the average price of goods is roughly the same in both countries
22 Suppose the same basket of goods costs $100 in the U.S. and 50 pounds in Britain. According to PPP, if the prices do not change, what will be the exchange rate?
a 2 dollars/pound
b 4 dollars/pound
c 5 dollars/pound
d .5 dollars/pound
23 Which of the following is a reason why exchange rates may deviate from their purchasing power parity values for many years?
a Some goods are not tradable
b In some cases, a foreignproduced good is not a perfect substitute for a domesticallyproduced version of the same thing
c In some markets, import quotas limit the ability of firms to agree on exchange prices
d Both a and b are correct.
24 If the U.S. price level is increasing by 3 percent annually and the Swiss price level is increasing by 5 percent annually, by what percent would the dollar price of francs need to change according to purchasing power parity?
a depreciate by 5 percent
b appreciate by 3 percent
c appreciate by 5 percent
d depreciate by 2 percent
25 Arbitrage refers to
a simultaneously buying and selling a currency in order to profit from a difference in
exchange rates.
b simultaneously buying and selling a currency in order to change the exchange rate.
c buying a currency when its price is high and selling it when its price is low
d exchanging the domestic currency for a foreign currency